Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
  • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
  • G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
  • G01J3/02—Details
  • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
  • G01J3/0208—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
  • G01J3/02—Details
  • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
  • G01J3/021—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using plane or convex mirrors, parallel phase plates, or particular reflectors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
  • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
  • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
  • G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
  • G01J2003/2826—Multispectral imaging, e.g. filter imaging

Definitions

• Hyperspectral imaging optical system Technical field: [0001] The present invention relates to the field of hyperspectral imagers and in particular that of hyperspectral imagers of the pushbroom type (or moving linear field).
• hyperspectral imaging system is an imaging system making it possible to simultaneously image at least 60 distinct spectral bands.
• a "multispectral imaging system” typically images ten or fewer spectral bands simultaneously.
• Hyperspectral imaging system There are several types of hyperspectral imaging system which differ by the method of acquisition of the different points of the scene to be observed (point by point, line by line or full field) and by the method used to decompose the light collected by the imaging system at several wavelengths (diffraction, refraction, interferometry, etc.).
• Pushbroom type imaging systems are most commonly used in the field of remote imaging and in airborne systems. They are typically used in situations in which there is relative movement between a scene to be observed and the imaging device. This movement may be due to the fact that the device is mounted on a vehicle, aircraft or satellite moving above a zone of interest, the device being oriented so that the zone of interest intercepts the field of interest. view of the device.
• FIG. 1A schematically illustrates a pushbroom type hyperspectral imager P of the prior art comprising a telescope optical system T and a spectro-imager SP.
• Figure 1B illustrates in more detail the different elements of an SP spectro-imager known from the prior art.
• the spectro-imager SP includes a slit F placed in the image focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope T which collects the light L coming from the scene to be observed Obj.
• the T telescope is an optical system known in itself and adapted to produce the image of an object located at infinity in relation to the focal length of the telescope. In known manner, it can consist of a plurality of off-axis parabolas and/or mirrors or even lenses. [0006] In the example illustrated in Figure 1A, the relative movement of the scene with respect to the imager P is done in direction A, perpendicular to the direction of the slot F, called direction B.
• the spectro-imager SP comprises an optical collimation system Col adapted to collimate the LF portion of the light passing through the slit F.
• the optical collimation system is arranged so that its object focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is confused with the plane containing the slit F and the focal image plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope T.
• spectro-imagers can use concentric optical assemblies of the Dyson type or Offner in which the beam is not collimated at the dispersive element.
• a dispersive optical element Disp is adapted to spread the spectral information by deflecting the rays according to their wavelength.
• This dispersive optical element can be a prism, a diffraction grating or even a 3 combination of dispersive optical elements in disjoint or grouped transmission.
• the dispersive element has a dispersion axis in direction A. Thus, after crossing the dispersive element, the angle of deviation of the rays of the LF portion reflects their wavelength.
• An optical imaging system O located downstream of the telescope on the optical path is adapted to spatially separate the different wavelengths and focus the LF portion which has passed through the dispersive optical element onto a matrix detector Det placed in the image focal plane of the imaging optical system O.
• the image focal plane of the telescope containing the slit F is therefore the conjugate of the image focal plane of the imaging optical system O containing the matrix detector.
• the optical imaging system O makes it possible to produce a plurality of thumbnails ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the slot F corresponding to the restricted FOV field of view portion of the scene to be observed, each associated with a distinct spectral band.
• the matrix detector is typically arranged so that each thumbnail ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is oriented along an axis ⁇ ("column") of the pixel matrix of the detector, the optical imaging system being adapted so that the thumbnails ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ are aligned along an axis ⁇ (“line”), perpendicular to the axis ⁇ .
• each column of the detector is exposed to radiation corresponding to the same linear field of view but at different wavelengths.
• Each line of the detector records the spectrum from each point in the imaged FOV field of view.
• Hyperspectral instruments known to those skilled in the art and based on dispersive systems present constraints of signal to noise ratio, flexibility of the chosen bands, and stray light.
• the invention aims to overcome certain problems of the prior art by developing an optical hyperspectral imaging system comprising more than 60 spectral filters arranged in the image focal plane of the telescope observing a moving scene.
• an optical hyperspectral imaging system comprising more than 60 spectral filters arranged in the image focal plane of the telescope observing a moving scene.
• the system of the invention via the modularity of the filters allows a very good signal-to-noise ratio in all spectral bands, total flexibility of the chosen bands and controlled stray light.
• an object of the invention is an optical system for hyperspectral imaging comprising: - an optical system called a telescope adapted to collect light coming from a scene to be observed passing along a direction A so as to form a so-called intermediate image in an image focal plane of said telescope, - at least a hyperspectral detection assembly of at least a portion of the light collected by said telescope and comprising: - a filter assembly comprising ⁇ > 60 upstream spectral filters arranged near the image focal plane of said telescope, each upstream spectral filter being band-passed to an upstream spectral band distinct from the others and being arranged so as to spectrally filter a respective sub-beam associated with a field of view of the observed scene, - an optical system called imaging objective, an object focal plane of said imaging objective being coincident with the image focal plane of said telescope - a matrix detector adapted to acquire an image of the intermediate image by the imaging objective, - the imaging objective being configured to form ⁇ spectr
• the upstream spectral filters and said sub-regions extending in a main direction ⁇ substantially perpendicular to an optical axis of the imaging objective and substantially perpendicular to said direction A.
• a so-called lateral dimension of each upstream spectral filter in the direction ⁇ is adapted so as to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio greater than a predetermined value in the sub-image associated with said upstream spectral filter.
• each of the sub-regions comprises a number of pixels in direction A determined as a function, on the one hand, of a magnification of said imaging objective and, on the other hand, of a so-called lateral dimension according to the direction ⁇ of the upstream spectral filter filtering said spectral band.
• the telescope has an aperture number greater than 5, preferably greater than 7, still preferably greater than 10.
• a so-called lateral dimension of each upstream spectral filter in the direction ⁇ ⁇ is greater than 50 ⁇ ⁇ , preferably greater than 80 ⁇ ⁇ .
• the objective imager has a magnification of less than 1 in order to obtain a ground resolution of approximately 20 ⁇ for said system.
• the upstream spectral filters form a single-piece structure, the upstream spectral filters being stuck together.
• the upstream spectral filters are separated by a distance less than 25 ⁇ ⁇ , preferably less than 10 ⁇ ⁇ .
• the upstream spectral filters are attached or attached to a plate transparent to said light.
• the system comprises ⁇ > 100 upstream spectral filters, preferably ⁇ > 200 upstream spectral filters so that said set of filters transmits a spectral band called total spectral band ranging from 400 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ to 2500 ⁇ ⁇ .
• the hyperspectral detection assembly further comprises ⁇ downstream spectral filters located near the detector and band-passes to a downstream spectral band distinct from the others, a downstream spectral filter being arranged so as to filtering a sub-beam associated with an upstream spectral filter, a downstream spectral band of a downstream spectral filter having a non-zero overlap with the upstream spectral band of the associated upstream spectral filter.
• the system comprises a plurality ⁇ > 1 of hyperspectral detection assemblies each adapted to transmit and detect a spectral band called total spectral band different from the others, said system comprising a dichroic separator arranged on the optical path of the light to spatially separate said light collected by the telescope into ⁇ beams having different spectral ranges and to direct each of said ⁇ beams towards a hyperspectral detection assembly adapted to detect said spectral range of said beam.
• FIG. 6 and [Fig.7] a schematic view of an optical hyperspectral imaging system according to embodiments of the invention.
• Figures 2A and 2B present a schematic view of a pushbroom type hyperspectral imaging optical system 1 according to the invention.
• Figure 2A illustrates the arrangement of system 1 in relation to the scene to be observed Obj.
• Figure 2B is a more detailed schematic representation of the different elements of system 1 according to a plan ⁇ ⁇ .
• system 1 comprises an optical system called a telescope T adapted to collect light L from the scene to be observed Obj.
• the telescope T is a catadioptric system known in itself adapted to produce the image of an object located at infinity with respect to the focal distance of the system in the focal plane image ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope. In known manner, it can consist of a plurality of off-axis parabolas and/or mirrors or even lenses. As an illustrative example, in the embodiment of Figure 2B, the telescope comprises two off-axis parabolas and a mirror. [0035] To acquire a hyperspectral image of the scene Obj, the system 1 comprises a set ED for hyperspectral detection of at least a portion of the light L collected by the telescope of the system 1.
• Figure 2C is a schematic representation according to the plan ⁇ ⁇ which details more precisely the ED hyperspectral detection assembly which notably includes an OI imaging objective and a Det matrix detector.
• the image of the scene formed by the telescope is called intermediate image ⁇ ⁇ because the ED hyperspectral detection assembly of system 1 includes an imaging objective OI with an object focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ confused with the image focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope.
• the imaging objective OI produces the image of this intermediate image ⁇ ⁇ on the detector Det.
• the matrix detector Det is a CCD, CMOS sensor or any matrix detector known from the prior art.
• the imaging lens comprises two distinct optical groups, a first group O1 producing the image of the intermediate image, called the first image , at infinity and a second group O2 producing the image of the first image in the focal plane image of the second group ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ .
• the imaging objective comprises a different number of lens groups.
• system 1 can be on board a vehicle or aircraft moving in a manner so that the scene to be observed Obj is fixed, intercepts the field of view ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the telescope T.
• system 1 can be fixed and the scene to be observed Obj can move across the field of view, for example on a treadmill. Subsequently, we consider that the terms “direction A” and “direction of scrolling” are equivalent.
• the system 1 of the invention differs from the hyperspectral pushbroom devices of the prior art at least in that the ED assembly comprises an EF filter assembly allowing hyperspectral operation of the system 1.
• the assembly of EF filter includes ⁇ > 60 upstream spectral filters ⁇ 1 ... ⁇ ⁇ arranged near the image focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope.
• the upstream spectral filters are arranged in the image focal length ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope in order to reduce the vignetting produced by each filter.
• system 1 of the invention does not include a slot F in the image focal plane of the telescope.
• Each upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ is band-passed to an upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ distinct from the others and is arranged so as to spectrally filter a respective sub-beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ associated with a field of FOV i view of the observed scene.
• the sub-beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ presents spectral information only on the spectral band ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
• the imaging objective OI is adapted to form ⁇ spectrally distinct sub-images ⁇ ⁇ corresponding respectively to the ⁇ fields of view ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the associated scene to the ⁇ under bundles ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ .
• Each of the ⁇ sub-images ⁇ ⁇ is formed on a sub-region ⁇ ⁇ of the detector distinct from the others.
• each sub-image ⁇ ⁇ only a restricted portion of the scene is observed (corresponding to the field of view FOV i of each sub-image).
• the set of fields of view FOV i associated with each sub-beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ corresponds to the field of view of the telescope FOV.
• the size of each sub-image ⁇ ⁇ depends on the size of the associated filter ⁇ ⁇ and the magnification of the imaging objective.
• the dimension according to direction A of each sub-region ⁇ ⁇ is adapted according to the dimension of the associated sub-image ⁇ ⁇ .
• this dimension can also be adapted as a function of the temporal averaging necessary in order to adjust the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectral band associated with the sub-region ⁇ ⁇ (see below).
• the dimension of the filters ⁇ ⁇ in direction A (and the dimension of the associated sub-regions ⁇ ⁇ in direction A) is not necessarily identical for each filter. Indeed, these dimensions can be different to optimize the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the different bands ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . [0041] Given the small field of view imaged in the sub-images, it is necessary to acquire several of them in order to reconstruct a relevant hyperspectral image of the scene Obj.
• each of the sets of subimages ⁇ ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 1 ( ⁇ ) ... ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) corresponding to a portion of the scene different from the others and imaged by the system at indicated times ⁇ ⁇ [1, ⁇ ] different from the others when the scene scrolls in direction A.
• the filters make it possible to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in all the upstream spectral bands separately and allow total flexibility of the chosen upstream spectral bands (see below).
• SNR signal-to-noise ratio
• the use of a dispersive element requires using the same matrix detector over the entire spectrum because each line of the detector records the spectrum from each point of the imaged field of view.
• the filters of the invention make it possible to reduce parasitic noise. Indeed, performing spectral filtering in the focal image plane of the telescope greatly reduces the noise associated with diffuse reflections caused by crossing the imaging objective and detected by the detector because each sub-beam is spectrally filtered before crossing the imaging lens.
• the set of EF filters comprises ⁇ > 100 upstream spectral filters, preferably ⁇ > 200 upstream spectral filters so that the set of EF filters transmits a spectral band called the total spectral band ranging from 400 ⁇ ⁇ to 2500 ⁇ ⁇ .
• system 1 of the invention makes it possible to carry out hyperspectral imaging covering the visible domain up to the SWIR domain (for Short Wavelength Infrared in English).
• the telescopes have a low aperture number ⁇ ( ⁇ -number in English, also noted ⁇ /# ) – typically less than 3 – in order to maximize the signal ratio on sub-image noise.
• a low opening number allows a greater flow to be collected.
• the inventors realized that, in the invention, the use of a number ⁇ > 60 filters near the plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ with a telescope having an aperture number less than 5 produced a beam in the image focal plane which was of too large a transverse dimension and induced too much vignetting in the sub-images.
• MP a preferred embodiment, denoted MP, in which the telescope T of the invention has an aperture number ⁇ ⁇ greater than 5, preferably greater than 7 and still preferably greater to 10.
• the lateral dimension h ⁇ of each upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ is greater than 50 ⁇ ⁇ , preferably greater than 80 ⁇ ⁇ still preferably greater than 90 ⁇ ⁇ to reduce vignetting of the FF beam by the filters upstream spectral.
• the lateral dimension h ⁇ of each upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ is between 90 ⁇ ⁇ and 750 ⁇ ⁇ , this lateral dimension h ⁇ being preferably chosen according to the spectral density of power of light L in the upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ filtered by the upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ .
• the imaging objective has a magnification G adapted as a function of the aperture number of the telescope T in order to obtain a predetermined ground resolution in the system of the invention.
• the ground resolution also called GSD for Ground Sampling Distance in English
• ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ [0051] with ⁇ the distance between the scene and system 1 (see figure 2A), ⁇ ⁇ the image focal length of the telescope T, ⁇ the pixel pitch of the detector according to the direction A and ⁇ the magnification of the imaging objective.
• the magnification G of the imaging objective is less than 1 to compensate for the relatively high aperture number ⁇ ⁇ so as to obtain a predetermined ground resolution in the system of the invention.
• the imaging objective has a magnification less than 1 in order to obtain a ground resolution of approximately 20 ⁇ in system 1.
• a magnification ⁇ ⁇ 0.8 of the imaging objective for an aperture number ⁇ ⁇ > 7 of the T telescope, we have a magnification ⁇ ⁇ 0.8 of the imaging objective.
• the upstream spectral filters are all arranged in the image focal plane ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ of the telescope.
• the shape of the upstream spectral filters is rectangular and they extend in the main direction ⁇ substantially perpendicular to the optical axis AO OI of the imaging objective OI and substantially perpendicular to the direction A.
• each sub-region ⁇ ⁇ extends in the main direction ⁇ .
• the upstream spectral filters are square, elliptical or even circular in shape.
• this optimization of the SNR is carried out via the lateral dimension h ⁇ of each upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ in the direction ⁇ .
• the lateral dimension h ⁇ of each upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ transmitting this spectral band because this allows transmission of the sub-beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ with a higher photon flux in this spectral band.
• the lateral dimension h ⁇ is adapted so as to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio greater than a predetermined value in the sub-image ⁇ ⁇ associated with the filter ⁇ ⁇ .
• This embodiment is particularly interesting when the power spectral density of the light L in an upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ filtered by the upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ is low. This may for example be the case when the user of the device requires a low spectral resolution (i.e. a bandwidth ⁇ ⁇ ), for example 10 ⁇ ⁇ , in a given spectral band for a specific use.
• the filters ⁇ 1 ... ⁇ ⁇ transmit adjacent spectral bands ⁇ 1 ... ⁇ ⁇ with a central frequency increasing from filter ⁇ 1 to filter ⁇ ⁇ .
• the lateral dimension of the filters decreases from the first filter ⁇ 1 to the filter ⁇ ⁇ for example because the light L has a decreasing power spectral density from band ⁇ 1 to band ⁇ ⁇ .
• the improvement of the SNR in the upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ is carried out by temporal averaging in the sub-region ⁇ ⁇ associated with ⁇ ⁇ .
• the number of pixels in direction A of the sub-region ⁇ ⁇ associated with this band depends on the magnification of the OI imaging objective and depends on the lateral dimension h ⁇ of the upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ transmitting the band ⁇ ⁇ .
• the second embodiment makes it possible to improve the SNR for example when the power spectral density of the light L in an upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ transmitted by the upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ is weak.
• the number of lines depending on the direction may be different between the sub-regions ⁇ ⁇ depending on the specificities of the associated ⁇ ⁇ bands.
• the subregions ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ associated with the filters ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ respectively present more lines according to the direction A that the sub-region ⁇ 1 associated with the filter ⁇ 1 in order to allow temporal averaging of the sub-images ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and thus improve the SNR in the bands spectral ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ .
• the first and second embodiment allow, via the use of filters, great modularity of the device 1 depending on the type of illumination and the imaged scene by optimizing the SNR on each of the spectral bands. This constitutes an advantage compared to the pushbroom type hyperspectral devices of the prior art using dispersive elements in which the detection of the different spectral bands could not be optimized separately.
• Figure 4 illustrates an embodiment in which the upstream spectral filters form a single-piece structure. That is to say that the upstream regions ⁇ ⁇ are stacked on top of each other in direction A.
• FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment in which the upstream spectral filters are attached or attached to a transparent plate LT to the light L collected by the telescope.
• transparent we mean here a transmission greater than 99%.
• the advantage of this embodiment is to allow the deposition of the upstream spectral filters directly on the LT blade and therefore to manufacture the EF assembly in a single step.
• FIG. 6 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the invention, in which the hyperspectral detection ED assembly further comprises ⁇ downstream spectral filters ⁇ 2 ⁇ , located near the detector and bandpass at a downstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ distinct from the others.
• Each downstream spectral filter ⁇ 2 ⁇ is arranged so as to filter a sub-beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ associated with an upstream spectral filter ⁇ ⁇ .
• a downstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ of a downstream spectral filter has a non-zero overlap with the upstream spectral band ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the associated upstream spectral filter.
• the associated upstream ⁇ ⁇ and downstream ⁇ 2 ⁇ spectral filter are band-passed to a common spectral portion of the collected light.
• the subimage ⁇ ⁇ is representative of the spectral information of the observed scene associated with this field of view and this common spectral portion.
• the spectral bandwidth of the portion reflected by each downstream spectral filter can be very low or even zero if the associated upstream and downstream spectral bands are identical.
• the spectral band of the reflected portion is not zero, when the portion reflected by each downstream spectral filter is reflected on the different components of the imaging objective, it will be spectrally filtered by the others regions ⁇ of the EF filter assembly and will therefore not be detected by the Det detector.
• the regions ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ are each bandpass at a distinct downstream bandwidth of the spectral band
• FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which the system 1 comprises a plurality ⁇ > 1 of hyperspectral detection sets ED, ED' each adapted to transmit and detect a different so-called total spectral band others.
• the system comprises a dichroic separator MD – for example one or more dichroic mirrors – arranged on the optical path of the beam FF to spatially separate it into ⁇ beams having different spectral ranges and to direct each of the ⁇ beams towards a hyperspectral detection assembly adapted to detect the spectral range of this beam.
• the system 1 comprises two channels separated by a plate or a dichroic mirror MD and two sets ED, ED' of hyperspectral detection
• the embodiment of Figure 7 makes it possible to maximize the detection efficiency of the detector Det, Det' of each hyperspectral detection assembly ED, ED'. Indeed, the detector of the hyperspectral detection assembly is optimized specifically for the spectral range of the beam directed in this assembly.

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
• Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=87036861

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2023
  • 2023-01-12 FR FR2300296A patent/FR3145063B1/fr active Active
• 2024
  • 2024-01-04 EP EP24700136.5A patent/EP4649291A1/de active Pending
  • 2024-01-04 WO PCT/EP2024/050148 patent/WO2024149666A1/fr not_active Ceased

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events