EP4643451A1 - Dispositif et procede de controle d'un moteur electrique avec une loi de commande de type pas a pas - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de controle d'un moteur electrique avec une loi de commande de type pas a pasInfo
- Publication number
- EP4643451A1 EP4643451A1 EP23836903.7A EP23836903A EP4643451A1 EP 4643451 A1 EP4643451 A1 EP 4643451A1 EP 23836903 A EP23836903 A EP 23836903A EP 4643451 A1 EP4643451 A1 EP 4643451A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- control
- sms
- control signal
- power converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P8/00—Arrangements for controlling dynamo-electric motors rotating step by step
- H02P8/14—Arrangements for controlling speed or speed and torque
- H02P8/18—Shaping of pulses, e.g. to reduce torque ripple
Definitions
- TITLE Device and method for controlling an electric motor with a step-by-step control law
- the invention relates to the field of electric motors and more particularly a device for controlling an electric motor, an electromechanical actuator intended for driving a concealment device in a home automation installation and a control method.
- the invention applies in the field of home automation installations comprising a device for concealing an opening in a building such as a door or a window.
- Said concealment device for example an interior screen, a roller blind or a Venetian blind, can be operated by means of an electromechanical actuator.
- the maneuver, carried out by an electric motor of the electromechanical actuator consists of a deployment or a folding of the concealment device and/or a modification of the orientation, that is to say of the angle of inclination, blades of the concealment device.
- a known synchronous electric motor for such an electromechanical actuator conventionally comprises a rotor comprising several poles, constituted in particular by permanent magnets, and a stator comprising at least one winding.
- a synchronous motor is for example a “brushless” direct current motor, also designated by the terminology BLDC (Brushless DC), or permanent magnet synchronous motor, also designated by the English acronym PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) or a rereluctant synch motor with or without permanent magnet.
- stator comprises three windings.
- Each winding of the stator is powered by a three-phase periodic electrical supply current via three electrical phases, designated by U, V and W in the remainder of the description, of a power converter.
- the power converter is configured to generate the supply current on each electrical phase so as to power each winding or group of windings, in order to create a rotating magnetic field relative to the stator and thus rotate the rotor.
- the power converter comprises a plurality of switching cells, for example of the MOSFET type, which are controlled in opening and closing by a control law determined by a control device.
- the control law generates at least one control signal comprising a plurality of pulses.
- the control law makes it possible to vary a rotational speed of the rotor, in particular in the form of a ramp during the transient phases of starting, stopping or modifying a nominal speed to adapt to different situations.
- step by step control it is also known to control electric motors using so-called “step by step” control.
- the windings are supplied so as to rotate the rotor by a determined angle corresponding to a “step”.
- the angle of rotation, or the pitch of rotation of the motor depends on the number of electrical phases of the stator and the number of pole pairs of the rotor.
- Several successive steps can be taken in the same direction of rotation with or without stopping the rotor between each step.
- a step corresponds to a movement between two stable angular positions of the motor.
- Such step-by-step control is performed in an open loop.
- the aim of the invention is to propose a step-by-step control law requiring little computing power and making it possible to reduce vibrations and noise emitted compared to conventional step-by-step control for an electromechanical actuator usable in home automation applications, especially inside a building.
- the subject of the invention is a device for controlling a synchronous electric motor comprising at least one rotor and at least one stator, said at least one stator being provided with at least one winding electrically supplied by an electrical phase of a converter power, said power converter comprising for each electrical phase, at least one electrical line provided with switching cells, the control device controlling the power converter by means of a step-by-step type control law, characterized in that that the control law controls each switching cell by means of a control signal which comprises a plurality of pulses over a period of the control signal corresponding to a rotation step of the rotor, said pulses having a pulse duty cycle increasing over the period of the control signal.
- the power converter contains at least one electrical line of which each of the parts of the electrical line linked to an electrical mass of the power converter will be described as “mass side”, or “low side” in English, and each of the parts of the electrical line linked to a power supply of the power converter will be described as “power side” or “high side” in English.
- Each electrical line comprises on the ground side a first switching cell, for example of the MOSFET type or transistor of the type “IGBT” (acronym for the Anglo-Saxon term Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), also called “low side” and on the power supply side a second switching cell, for example of the MOSFET type or “IGBT” type transistor, also called “IGBT” high side", according to a diagram known to those skilled in the art.
- Each winding, or group of windings, of the motor stator is powered by an electrical phase of the power converter. More particularly, each electrical phase is connected to an electrical line between the ground side switching cell and the power supply side switching cell.
- Each switching cell of the power converter comprises an activated state in which the switching cell allows a passage of a current and a blocking state in which said switching cell blocks said current passage.
- Each switching cell is controlled by a control signal.
- the control law of the control device corresponds to all the control signals.
- the control device is therefore a set of electronic components, and a set of software programs which make it possible to control the switching cells of the power converter.
- the control law generates, at each step of rotation of the rotor, that is to say over a period of the control signal, a control signal for each controlled switching cell.
- Said control signal includes a plurality of pulses, one pulse corresponding to the control signal at a high level.
- control law is of the step-by-step type.
- a period of the control signal therefore corresponds to a rotation step.
- a new period of the control signal is created.
- Each signal period also corresponds to a switching sequence of the switching cells.
- the control is carried out in open loop.
- the duty cycle of modulation of the control signal is defined as the ratio between the sum of the pulse durations and the period of the control signal, according to the formula: [Math 1]
- R m duty cycle of modulation of the control signal tin: time of pulse n
- the pulses are produced according to a pulse frequency, or in other words following a pulse period.
- the pulse frequency can be fixed or variable over the period of the control signal.
- the pulse duty cycle is defined as the ratio between the duration of the pulse and the period of the pulse, according to the formula:
- Rin duty cycle of pulse n tin: time of pulse n
- Tin the period of impulse n
- a pulse duty cycle of 50% means that the control signal is high 50% of the time in the pulse period.
- the pulses of the control signal according to the invention have an increasing duty cycle over each period of the control signal. In other words, over each period of the control signal, the duration of each successive pulse increases.
- the control signal therefore comprises a plurality of pulses whose duration of each pulse increases over the period of the control signal.
- an average supply voltage of the at least one electrical phase and therefore a supply current, varies increasingly between a minimum supply value and a maximum supply value, at each period of the power signal. order.
- the invention and more particularly the creation of a gradually increasing supply voltage, makes it possible to operate the motor at very low rotation speed with a low speed variation and torque variation over one step.
- the position of the rotor varies in a less jerky manner, which reduces the noise and vibrations emitted during engine operation.
- the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics taken alone or in combination.
- the minimum value of the average supply voltage is zero between two successive periods of the control signal.
- the movement of the motor has a stop between two successive steps.
- the minimum value of the average supply voltage is different from zero between two successive periods of the control signal.
- the step-by-step control law is carried out by means of a pulse width modulation control law.
- the step-by-step control law can be carried out by pulse width modulation control law, also called “pulse width modulation” (PWM) in English.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- a modulation So-called “rotating” modulation is a modulation in which a different switching cell of the power converter is modulated at each switching.
- This command has the advantage of being robust and requiring little computing power.
- the step-by-step control law is carried out by means of a pulse frequency modulation control law. This reduces a maximum value of the harmonics generated during motor operation.
- the pulse duty cycle increases linearly over the period of the control signal.
- the increase in the pulse duty cycle has a growth slope dependent on a desired rotation speed of the rotor and/or a desired working torque.
- the pulse duty cycle varies over the period of the control signal and/or at each control signal.
- a pulse frequency of the control signal varies as a function of a desired motor rotation speed.
- the period of the control signal is determined by a stopping condition dependent on a movement of the motor rotor by a predefined angle of rotation and/or a maximum supply voltage threshold.
- the stopping condition determines the period of the control signal and therefore a frequency between each rotation step.
- the stopping condition dependent on the movement of the rotor makes it possible to start a new period of the control signal as soon as the movement of one step of the rotor is achieved.
- the maximum value of the supply voltage supplied to the electrical phase corresponds to the minimum necessary to achieve the movement of the rotor by one rotation step.
- This stopping condition therefore allows a reduction in the electrical consumption of the motor by taking into account a load from an external environment of the motor, in particular the weight of a screen of the concealment device to be driven by the motor.
- the maximum value of the supply voltage therefore varies between each step, or between each period of the control signal.
- the stopping condition dependent on a maximum voltage threshold corresponds to a supply of the electrical phase as long as the maximum value of the supply voltage has not reached the maximum voltage threshold.
- the maximum voltage threshold must therefore be chosen so as to ensure the movement of the rotor.
- the maximum voltage threshold takes into account the load of the engine's external environment.
- this stopping condition does not require determining whether the rotor movement has occurred.
- the movement of the rotor is determined by at least one position sensor.
- the movement of the rotor is determined by means of at least one signal representative of the position of the rotor, different from a signal emitted by a position sensor.
- the signal representative of the angular position of the rotor may relate to the counter-electromotive force generated by the motor at one or more of the windings as described in document WO2014/207387.
- the invention also relates to an electromechanical actuator intended for driving a concealment device in a home automation installation, the electromechanical actuator comprising a synchronous electric motor provided with at least one rotor and at least one stator, the actuator also comprising a power converter, said at least one stator being provided with at least one winding electrically powered by an electrical phase of the power converter, said power converter comprising for each electrical phase, at least one electrical line provided with switching cells, the actuator also comprising a control device according to the invention, for controlling the power converter.
- the invention also relates to a control method implementing a device for controlling a synchronous electric motor comprising at least one rotor and at least one stator, said at least one stator being provided with at least one winding electrically powered by an electrical phase of a power converter, said power converter comprising for each electrical phase, at least one electrical line provided with switching cells, the control device controlling the power converter by means of a control law of the type step by step, characterized in that the control law determines at least one variation of a pulse duty cycle over a period of a control signal corresponding to a step of rotation of the rotor, the control device comprising a step controlling a first switching cell with a first control signal, said control step comprising, as long as a stopping condition is not reached: a first phase in which the control signal comprises a first pulse with a first duty cycle value; then a second phase in which the control signal comprises a second pulse with a second duty cycle value, greater than the first duty cycle value.
- the average supply voltage of the at least one electrical phase and therefore
- the stopping condition depends on a movement of the motor rotor by a predefined rotation angle and/or a maximum supply voltage threshold.
- the method comprises a phase of determining the movement of the motor rotor by a predefined angle of rotation.
- the phase of determining the movement of the rotor uses at least one position sensor.
- the phase of determining the movement of the rotor determines the movement of the rotor relative to a signal representative of the position of the rotor, different from a signal emitted by a position sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a period of a control signal according to the invention for a switching cell
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a control law according to the invention over an electrical period
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross section of an installation conforming to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the installation illustrated in Figure 3,
- Figure 3 is a schematic section of an electromechanical actuator of the installation illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, along a section plane passing through an axis of rotation of an output shaft of the electromechanical actuator,
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a power converter and an electric motor
- FIG. 7 is a modeling of a rotation speed, a torque, a position and the currents of each electrical phase of a motor controlled by means of a step-by-step type control law according to the state art ;
- FIG. 8 is a modeling of the rotation speed, torque, position and currents of each electrical phase of the motor controlled by means of a step-by-step control law according to the invention
- the concealment device 3 can alternatively be a rolling shutter, a blind with adjustable slats, or even a roll-up door.
- the present invention applies to all types of concealment device comprising a motorized rotating winding shaft.
- the screen 2 of the concealment device 3 is wound on a winding shaft 4, provided in the form of a winding tube, driven by a motorized drive device 5.
- the screen 2 is movable between a rolled up position, particularly high, and an unrolled position, particularly low.
- the motorized drive device 5 comprises an electromechanical actuator 11, in particular of the tubular type, making it possible to rotate the winding tube 4 so as to unwind or roll up the screen 2 of the concealment device 3, this is that is to say that the winding tube allows deployment or folding of the concealment device 3.
- the concealment device 3 includes the winding tube 4 for rolling up the screen 2.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 is inserted into the winding tube 4.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 and the winding tube 4 are both positioned coaxially along a longitudinal axis X.
- the internal diameter of the winding tube 4 is substantially equivalent to the external diameter of the electromechanical actuator 11, so that the electromechanical actuator 11 can be inserted into the winding tube 4 when assembling the concealment device 3.
- the screen 2 of the concealment device 3 is formed by a canvas, which is attached by one end to the winding tube and by the other end to a weighted bar 8.
- the high rolled up position of the screen corresponds to the position of the weighted bar at the level of the winding tube and the low unrolled position corresponds to the position of the weighted bar 8 of the screen 2 at the level of the threshold 7 of the opening 1.
- the deployment of the screen can be guided by slides 6.
- the winding tube 4 can be placed inside a box 9 or be visible.
- the winding tube 4 is movable in rotation relative to a support 10, such as a cheek, of the trunk 9.
- the motorized drive device 5 is controlled by a control unit.
- the control unit can be, for example, a local control unit 12, where the local control unit 12 can be connected in wired or non-wired connection with a central control unit 13.
- the control unit 12 is shown here in radio version with an antenna 12a.
- the central control unit 13 controls the local control unit 12, as well as other similar local control units distributed throughout the building. It is shown here equipped with a radio antenna 13a.
- the central control unit 13 can be in communication with one or more sensors, not shown, which can be configured to determine, for example, a temperature, an interior or exterior brightness.
- a remote control 14 which may be a type of local control unit, and provided with a control keyboard, which includes selection and possibly display means, also allows a user to intervene on the electromechanical actuator 11 and/or the local control unit 12 and/or central 13.
- the motorized drive device 5 is preferably configured to execute the commands for unwinding or rolling up the screen 2 of the concealment device 3, which can be issued in particular by the remote control 14, the local control unit 12, the central control unit 13 or a sensor.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 is supplied with electrical energy by a building electrical supply network, for example by the alternating sector network or by a direct current bus, or by means of a battery not shown, which can be recharged , for example, by a photovoltaic panel.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 comprises an electrical power cable 18 allowing its supply of electrical energy from the sector electrical supply network.
- Means for controlling the electromechanical actuator 11, allowing the movement of the screen 2 of the concealment device 3, are constituted by at least one control device 15.
- the means for controlling the electromechanical actuator 11 comprise means hardware and/or software.
- the hardware means may include at least one microcontroller.
- the control device 15 is capable of putting into operation an electric motor 16 of the electromechanical actuator 11 and, in particular, of allowing the supply of electrical energy to the electric motor 16.
- the control device 15 controls, in particular, the electric motor 16, so as to open or close the screen 2, as described previously.
- the control device 15 is in particular configured to control the electric motor 16 so as to set the screen 2 in motion to move it between a current position and a desired stopping position.
- the control device 15 of the electromechanical actuator 11 may include an obstacle and end-of-travel detection device (not shown) when the screen 2 is rolled up and when this screen is unrolled.
- the control device 15 comprises a module for receiving orders, in particular radio orders transmitted by an order transmitter, such as the remote control 14, intended to control the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the order receiving module can thus receive position instructions and/or movement orders, such as, for example, opening or closing the screen 2, coming for example from a local control unit 12, from a remote control 14, from a unit central control 13 or a sensor from the home automation installation.
- the order reception module can also allow the reception of orders transmitted by wired means.
- control device 15 is arranged inside a casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 is intended to be placed in a U-shaped rail and intended to rotate a winding shaft on which cords associated with the screen wind.
- the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is, preferably, cylindrical in shape.
- the casing 17 can be made of a metallic material.
- the material of the electromechanical actuator housing is in no way restrictive and may be different, in particular it may be plastic.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 also comprises a reduction gear 19, in particular an epicyclic gear reducer and an output shaft 20.
- the electric motor 16 and the reduction gear 19 are arranged inside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the output shaft 20 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is arranged inside the winding tube 4 and, at least in part, outside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the output shaft 20 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is coupled by a connecting accessory 30 to the winding tube 4, in particular a connecting accessory in the form of a wheel.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 also comprises a torque support 21, mounted at one end of the housing 17 opposite the output shaft 20 and closing the end of the housing 17.
- the housing 17 and the torque support 21 are fixed in rotation relative to each other.
- the torque support 21 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is fixed to the support 10 of the trunk 9 of the concealment device 3.
- the torque support 21 is also called “fixed point” of the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the electromechanical actuator 11 also comprises a crown-bearing mounted on the casing 17 and free to rotate relative to the casing 17.
- the crown-bearing is fixed in rotation to the winding tube 4, so that the crown-bearing provides a bearing function in rotation of the winding tube 4 on the casing 17, close to the torque support 21.
- the control device 15 of the electromechanical actuator 11 comprises a rectification circuit D1, D2, D3, D4 of the alternating voltage of the electrical supply network making it possible to transform the alternating current of the supply network into a direct current, and a power converter.
- the power converter is thus electrically connected to an alternating voltage source V1.
- the value of the alternating voltage V1 is defined in relation to a reference voltage.
- the circuit for rectifying the alternating voltage of the electrical supply network can be external to the electromechanical actuator 11.
- the power converter contains three electrical lines, each of the parts of the electrical lines linked to an electrical mass of the alternating voltage source V1 of the power converter will be described as “mass side”, or “low side” in English, and each parts of the electrical lines linked to a supply of the alternating voltage source V1 of the power converter will be qualified as “power side” or “high side” in English.
- Each electrical line comprises on the ground side a first switching cell M4, M5, M6, for example of the MOSFET type or “IGBT” type transistor (acronym for the Anglo-Saxon term Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), also called “low side » and on the power supply side a second switching cell M1, M2, M3, for example of MOSFET type or “IGBT” type transistor, also called “high side”, as shown in Figure 6.
- M4, M5, M6 for example of the MOSFET type or “IGBT” type transistor (acronym for the Anglo-Saxon term Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), also called “low side »
- a second switching cell M1, M2, M3, for example of MOSFET type or “IGBT” type transistor, also called “high side”, as shown in Figure 6.
- each phase U, V, W is connected to an electrical line of the power converter, between the ground side switching cell M4, M5, M6 and the power supply side switching cell M1, M2, M3.
- Each switching cell M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 of the power converter comprises an activated state in which the switching cell M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 allows a passage of a current and a state blocking in which said switching cell M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 blocks said current passage.
- Each switching cell is controlled by a control signal.
- a power converter control law corresponds to all of the control signals.
- the electric converter thus supplies electrical energy to the windings, or group of windings, Ph1, Ph2, Ph3, so as to produce the rotating electromagnetic field causing the rotation of the rotor of the electric motor 16.
- the power converter comprises an electrical resistance R2 positioned in series between the electrical supply network V1 and the switching cell M6. This resistance is also called shunt resistance R2.
- the electric motor 16 comprises a stator and a rotor positioned coaxially around the longitudinal axis or axis of rotation X.
- the electric motor 16 is synchronous, for example a “brushless” motor with electronic switching, or a synchronous motor with permanent magnets, called “PMSM” (acronym for the English term Permanent Magnetic Synchron Motor), or a synchro-reluctant motor with or without a magnet. permanent.
- PMSM synchronous motor with permanent magnets
- synchro-reluctant motor with or without a magnet. permanent.
- the motor comprises a rotor provided with poles and a stator comprising the windings, or group of windings Ph1, Ph2, Ph3, in this case three, electrically connected to each other, as illustrated schematically in Figure 6. More precisely, the windings Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 are connected together so that when they are passed alternately by a supply current, they produce a rotating electromagnetic field which causes the rotor to rotate.
- Each winding, or group of windings, Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 of the stator is powered by an electrical phase U, V, W as can be seen in Figure 6.
- the control device 15 of the electromechanical actuator 11 also includes a device for determining the angular position of the rotor (not shown). This device is configured to provide the control device 15 with a signal representative of the angular position of the rotor relative to the stator.
- the angular position is here defined in relation to the positions of the windings Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 on the stator and expressed in the form of an angle, called electrical angle, which can take a value included in the interval [0°, 360° ] modulo 360°.
- the 360° angle corresponds to the 0° angle.
- the original position of the angle is here chosen equal to 0°.
- the determination device may be a physical sensor.
- the device for determining the angular position of the rotor comprises at least one sensor positioned fixedly relative to the stator, preferably integrated therein.
- this angular position determination device comprises at least one Hall effect sensor with binary output.
- sensors are configured to react to the magnetic fluxes of the rotor magnets and to each provide a signal representative of the angular position of the rotor making it possible to determine the position and speed of the rotor.
- the at least one sensor is capable of providing an angular position of the rotor of the electric motor around the axis X and therefore an equivalent angular position of the output shaft of the electromechanical actuator 11.
- other types of sensors can also be used, such as wheel encoders.
- the device for determining the angular position of the rotor determines the position of the rotor by means of at least one signal representative of the position of the rotor, different from a signal emitted by a position sensor, by example by measuring the counter-electromotive force generated by the motor at one or more of the windings Ph1, Ph2, Ph3.
- the step-by-step type control law according to the invention will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
- the control law comprises a control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SM6 for each cell of switching M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6.
- the control law generates, at each step of rotation of the rotor, that is to say over a period T P of the control signal, a control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS for each cell of switching M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 controlled.
- Said control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SM6 comprises a plurality of pulses h, I2, I3, k, I5, a pulse h, I2, I3, k, I5, corresponding to the control signal at a high level.
- the control law is of the step-by-step type.
- the power supply of the windings Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 is carried out so as to rotate the rotor by a determined angle corresponding to a “step”.
- the angle of rotation, or the pitch of rotation of the motor depends on the number of electrical phases of the stator and the number of pole pairs of the rotor. Several successive steps can be taken in the same direction of rotation with or without stopping the rotor between each step. In other words, a step corresponds to a movement between two stable angular positions of the motor.
- Such step-by-step control is performed in an open loop.
- the period T P of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS therefore corresponds to a rotation step.
- a new period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMB is created.
- a cyclic ratio of modulation of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMB is the ratio between the sum of the durations tu, ti2, ti3, ti4, tis of pulse h, I2, h, k, Is, and the period T P of the control signal, according to the formula:
- R m duty cycle of modulation of the control signal tin: time of pulse n
- the pulses h, I2, I3, k, Is are produced following a pulse frequency, or in other words following a period Impulse Ti.
- the pulse frequency can be fixed or variable over the period T P of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS.
- the pulse duty cycle is the ratio between the duration tu, ti2, ti3, ti4, tis of the pulse h, I2, I3, k, I5 and the period Ti of the pulse pulses h, I2, I3, k , I5, following the formula:
- Rin duty cycle of pulse n tin: time of pulse n Tin: period of pulse n
- a pulse duty cycle Rin of 50% means that the control signal SMI, SM2, SMS, SM4, SM5, SM6 is at the high level 50% of the time of the pulse period Ti h, I2, h, k, I5.
- the pulses h, I2, h, I4, of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS according to the invention have an increasing duty cycle.
- the duration tu, ti2, ti3, ti4, tis of each successive pulse h, I2, I3, I4, h increases.
- the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS therefore comprises a plurality of pulses h, I2, I3, k, h whose duration of each pulse h, I2, h, k, b is increasing over the period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS.
- the control signals of two switching cells are modulated over a period T P of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS.
- the electrical phase U is supplied, when the switching cell M2 is modulated and another cell M4 or M6 is switched to a high state, the electrical phase V is powered, when the switching cell M3 is modulated and another cell M4 or M5 is switched to a high state, the electrical phase W is powered.
- an average supply voltage of each electrical phase U, V, W, and therefore a supply current varies increasingly between a minimum supply value and a maximum supply value at each period Tp of the signal command SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6.
- the minimum value of the average supply voltage is zero between two successive periods Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6.
- the movement of the motor has a stop between two successive steps.
- the minimum value of the average supply voltage is different from zero between two successive periods Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6.
- the movement of the motor is relatively constant.
- the step-by-step control law is carried out by means of a pulse width modulation control law.
- the step-by-step control law can be carried out by pulse width modulation control law, also called “pulse width modulation” (PWM) in English.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- a so-called “rotating” modulation is a modulation in which a switching cell M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 different from the power converter is modulated at each switching.
- This command has the advantage of being robust and requiring little computing power.
- the step-by-step control law is carried out by means of a pulse frequency modulation control law. This reduces a maximum value of the harmonics generated during motor operation.
- the pulse duty cycle Rin increases linearly over the period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS.
- the increase in the pulse duty cycle in has a growth slope dependent on a desired rotation speed of the rotor and/or a desired working torque.
- a pulse frequency of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6 varies as a function of a desired motor rotation speed.
- the period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS is determined by a stopping condition dependent on a movement of the motor rotor of a predefined angle of rotation and/or or a maximum supply voltage threshold.
- the stopping condition determines the period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS and therefore a frequency between each rotation step.
- the stopping condition dependent on the movement of the rotor makes it possible to start a new period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS as soon as the movement of one step of the rotor is achieved.
- the maximum value of the supply voltage supplied to the electrical phase U, V, W corresponds to the minimum necessary to achieve the movement of the rotor by one rotation step.
- This stopping condition therefore allows a reduction in the electrical consumption of the motor by taking into account a load from an external environment of the motor, in particular the weight of a screen 2 of the concealment device 3 to be driven by the motor .
- the maximum value of the supply voltage therefore varies between each step, or between each period Tp of the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS, SMS.
- the stopping condition dependent on a maximum voltage threshold corresponds to a supply of the electrical phase U, V, W as long as the maximum value of the supply voltage has not reached the maximum voltage threshold.
- the maximum voltage threshold must therefore be chosen so to ensure the movement of the rotor. In other words, the maximum voltage threshold takes into account the highest load from the external environment of the motor. However, this stopping condition does not require determining whether the rotor movement has occurred.
- the control device 15 implements a control method comprising a step of controlling a first switching cell M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 with a first control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SMS , SMS, said control step comprising, as long as a stopping condition is not reached: a first phase in which the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6 comprises a first pulse h with a first duty cycle value; then a second phase in which the control signal SMI, SM2, SM3, SM4, SM5, SM6 comprises a second pulse h with a second duty cycle value, greater than the first duty cycle value.
- the method comprises a phase of determining the movement of the motor rotor by a predefined angle of rotation implementing at least one position sensor and/or determining the movement of the rotor by means of at least one signal representative of the position of the rotor, different from a signal emitted by the position sensor.
- Figure 7 illustrates a modeling of a rotation speed, a torque, a position and the currents of each electrical phase U, V, W, of a motor controlled by means of a control law of the type step by step according to the state of the art, the control imposing a speed setpoint of 30rpm and a resistance torque of 10mNm.
- each motor phase U, V, W has a substantially square shape at each step of the motor or over each period Tp of the control signal.
- the rotation speed presents fluctuations varying by 44rad/s
- the motor torque varies by 22mNm
- the position of the rotor quickly reaches the position of step P'1 then oscillates around this position before stabilizing.
- Figure 8 illustrates a modeling of the rotation speed, torque, position and currents of each electrical phase U, V, W, of the motor controlled by means of the step-by-step type control law. not according to the invention, the control imposing a speed setpoint of 30rpm and a resistant torque of 10mNm as previously.
- the current of each motor phase U, V, W has a substantially linearly increasing form at each step of the motor or over each period Tp of the control signal.
- the rotation speed presents fluctuations varying by 16rad/s
- the motor torque varies by 2mNm, it is therefore strongly smoothed, and the position P1 of the rotor is reached progressively.
- the movement of the motor carried out with the control law according to the invention allows a less jerky movement than in the state of the art.
- the invention and more particularly the creation of a gradually increasing supply voltage, makes it possible to operate the motor at very low rotation speed with a low speed variation and a low torque variation over one step.
- the position of the rotor varies in a less jerky manner, which reduces the noise and vibrations emitted during engine operation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2214608A FR3144726A1 (fr) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Dispositif et procédé de contrôle d’un moteur électrique avec une loi de commande de type pas à pas |
| PCT/FR2023/051983 WO2024141725A1 (fr) | 2022-12-28 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de controle d'un moteur electrique avec une loi de commande de type pas a pas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4643451A1 true EP4643451A1 (fr) | 2025-11-05 |
Family
ID=85685660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23836903.7A Pending EP4643451A1 (fr) | 2022-12-28 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de controle d'un moteur electrique avec une loi de commande de type pas a pas |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4643451A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3144726A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024141725A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3918538A1 (de) * | 1989-06-07 | 1990-12-13 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren zur ansteuerung eines schrittmotors |
| DE69616053T2 (de) * | 1996-04-16 | 2002-06-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., Eindhoven | Weich schaltender pwm-regler und verfahren zur verminderung der drehmomentwelligkeit in mehrphasen-gleichstrom-motoren |
| FR3007911B1 (fr) | 2013-06-27 | 2015-06-26 | Somfy Sas | Dispositif de controle d’un moteur |
| US10734935B2 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-08-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Quasi six-step PWM control |
-
2022
- 2022-12-28 FR FR2214608A patent/FR3144726A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-12-12 EP EP23836903.7A patent/EP4643451A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-12-12 WO PCT/FR2023/051983 patent/WO2024141725A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024141725A1 (fr) | 2024-07-04 |
| FR3144726A1 (fr) | 2024-07-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP4232680B1 (fr) | Procédé de commande en fonctionnement d'un dispositif d'occultation et dispositif d'occultation associé | |
| FR3027336B1 (fr) | Gamme de dispositifs d'entrainement motorise pour ecrans d'occultation | |
| EP3292262A1 (fr) | Procédés de configuration et de commande en fonctionnement d'un dispositif d'entraînement motorisé d'une installation domotique, dispositif d'entraînement motorisé et installation associés | |
| WO2021186051A1 (fr) | Procédé de détection d'un obstacle, actionneur électromécanique et installation de fermeture ou de protection solaire | |
| EP4272036B1 (fr) | Procédé de commande en fonctionnement d'un dispositif d'entraînement motorisé et dispositif d'entraînement motorisé mettant en oeuvre un tel procédé | |
| EP3372774B1 (fr) | Procédés de configuration et de commande en fonctionnement d'un dispositif d'entraînement motorisé d'une installation domotique, dispositif d'entraînement motorisé et installation associés | |
| WO2024141725A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procede de controle d'un moteur electrique avec une loi de commande de type pas a pas | |
| EP3729638B1 (fr) | Procédé d'estimation de la température interne d'une machine tournante, unité électronique de contrôle, actionneur et dispositif domotique associés | |
| WO2024141726A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procédé de contrôle d'un moteur électrique prenant en compte un environnement mécanique du moteur | |
| WO2001037410A1 (fr) | Actionneur de vanne de climatisation d'air pour vehicule automobile | |
| EP4175116A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'entraînement motorisé, dispositif d'occultation et procédé de commande associés | |
| FR3135106A1 (fr) | Procédé de commande en fonctionnement d’un dispositif d’occultation dans une installation domotique et dispositif d’occultation associé | |
| WO2023111415A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procédé de contrôle d'un moteur électrique en vue de réduire un bruit de fonctionnement | |
| EP4175119B1 (fr) | Dispositif d'entraînement motorisé, dispositif d'occultation et procédé de commande associés | |
| EP4530432B1 (fr) | Procédé de commande en fonctionnement d'un dispositif d'entraînement motorisé, dispositif d'entraînement motorisé et dispositif d'occultation associés | |
| FR3139592A1 (fr) | Dispositif d’entraînement motorisé d’un dispositif d’occultation et dispositif d’occultation associé | |
| EP4206435A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'alimentation électrique pour un système de charges électriques | |
| EP3910780A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'alimentation électrique, actionneur électromécanique comportant un tel dispositif d'alimentation électrique, installation de fermeture, d'occultation ou de protection solaire comprenant un tel actionneur électromécanique | |
| WO2022136496A1 (fr) | Moteur électrique de type synchrone, gamme de moteurs électriques, dispositif de fermeture, d'occultation ou de protection solaire comprenant un moteur électrique d'une telle gamme et méthode de fabrication d'un moteur électrique d'une telle gamme | |
| EP4230835A1 (fr) | Actionneur électromécanique et dispositif d occultation comprenant un tel actionneur électromécanique | |
| FR3159865A1 (fr) | Procédé de commande en fonctionnement d’un actionneur électromécanique, actionneur électromécanique associé et dispositif d’occultation comprenant un tel actionneur | |
| EP4278051A1 (fr) | Procede de configuration d'au moins un dispositif d'entrainement motorise d'une installation de pergola et installation associee | |
| FR3135295A1 (fr) | Accessoire de câblage électrique à un réseau d’alimentation électrique d’un actionneur électromécanique pour un dispositif d’occultation et dispositif d’occultation associé |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20250701 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20260714 |