EP4623192A1 - Systeme d'alimentation en fluide combustible d'une chambre de combustion - Google Patents
Systeme d'alimentation en fluide combustible d'une chambre de combustionInfo
- Publication number
- EP4623192A1 EP4623192A1 EP23813820.0A EP23813820A EP4623192A1 EP 4623192 A1 EP4623192 A1 EP 4623192A1 EP 23813820 A EP23813820 A EP 23813820A EP 4623192 A1 EP4623192 A1 EP 4623192A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- port
- valve
- annular space
- supply system
- combustible fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
- F02C7/222—Fuel flow conduits, e.g. manifolds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/24—Heat or noise insulation
- F02C7/25—Fire protection or prevention
Definitions
- the invention also relates to the field of turbomachines, in particular, twin-body turbojets comprising a combustion chamber supplied with combustible fluid, in particular dihydrogen.
- An aircraft turbomachine such as a twin-body, dual-flow turbojet, typically comprises, from upstream to downstream in the direction of gas flow along a longitudinal axis, a movable fan rotating around the longitudinal axis, a low pressure compressor, a high pressure compressor, a combustion chamber, a high pressure turbine, a low pressure turbine and a gas exhaust nozzle.
- the turbomachine further comprises a system for supplying the combustion chamber with fuel, in particular a fuel such as kerosene.
- the supply system typically comprises a pipe having an internal fuel circulation passage and connected to the combustion chamber.
- the blower allows the suction of an air flow divided for example into a primary flow and a secondary flow.
- the primary flow passes through a primary stream of the turbomachine delimited externally by an internal casing while the secondary flow is directed to a secondary vein surrounding the primary vein.
- Each compressor includes a movable disk rotating around this axis and blades regularly distributed around the disk.
- the vanes extend radially from the disc and compress the primary air flow.
- the compressed air is then mixed with the fuel and burned in the combustion chamber.
- the gases from combustion pass through the turbines.
- Each turbine has a movable disk rotating around the longitudinal axis and blades regularly distributed around the disk. The blades extend radially from the disc and allow a force to be exerted on the gases coming from the combustion chamber. The gases finally escape through the nozzle, the section of which allows the acceleration of these gases to generate propulsion.
- the dihydrogen-air mixture in a volume proportion of dihydrogen between 13% and 65%, becomes explosive.
- the gas flow rate of around 600g/s the gas pressure of around 100 bars and the energy level involved in the pipe, the bursting of at least one disc may cause an explosion.
- the dihydrogen-air mixture in a volume proportion of dihydrogen between 4% and 75%, is flammable.
- the supply system is equipped with a valve which allows the pipe to be closed.
- the valve typically includes a gas inlet port and a gas outlet port connected to the pipe. In the valve open position, the inlet and outlet ports are in fluid communication so that gas flows through the line.
- an electronic signal is sent to the valve which is placed in the closed position. In this position, fluid cannot circulate between the inlet and outlet ports. The circulation of gas in the pipe is cut off, thus limiting the risks of mixing air and gas and therefore of explosion and/or fire.
- turbomachine comprising a system for supplying a combustion chamber with combustible gas, in particular di hydrogen, efficiently, reliably, inexpensively and without impacting the mass of the turbomachine.
- the invention proposes a system for supplying combustible fluid to a combustion chamber for an aircraft turbomachine, the supply system comprising:
- the power system is remarkable in that it additionally includes:
- a first valve comprising: a first inlet port for the combustible fluid, an outlet port for the combustible fluid fluidly connected to the internal passage, a movable member between a first opening position in which the first inlet port is in communication fluidic with the output port and a second closed position preventing fluidic communication between the input port and the output port, and a control port fluidly connected to the annular space so that the movable member is moved from the first position to the second position when the pressure in the annulus is lower than the threshold pressure.
- the fuel system includes an internal conduit through which the combustible fluid circulates to supply the combustion chamber.
- the supply system further comprises an external sheath which defines an annular space with the internal pipe.
- the annular space has a threshold pressure.
- the supply system further comprises at least one hydraulic valve.
- the valve is normally closed (NC) type, and pneumatically operated. By normally closed, it is understood that the valve is in a closed, so-called safety position, in the absence of pneumatic control, that is to say without gas pressure.
- the valve has a control port fluidly connected to the annular space.
- the pressure in the annular space is equal to or greater than the threshold pressure
- the mobile member is in the first opening position. In this position, the valve allows the circulation of the combustible fluid.
- the pressure in the annular space is lower than the threshold pressure, that is to say when the pressure in the annular space falls, the mobile member is moved under the effect of the pressure variation , in the second position. In this position, the valve prevents the circulation of the combustible fluid. The valve is then in the safety position.
- the power system of the invention can be integrated into the turbomachine without considerably increasing its mass.
- the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation from each other or in combination with each other:
- the turbomachine is remarkable in that it comprises a power system according to any of the preceding characteristics, the power system being connected to the combustion chamber.
- the combustion chamber comprises an annular enclosure and an injector opening into the annular enclosure and connected to the internal pipe.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an aircraft
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation in longitudinal section of a half-turbomachine according to the invention and equipping the aircraft of Figure 1,
- FIG.3 is a schematic representation of a fuel fluid supply system for the combustion chamber equipping the turbomachine of Figure 2,
- FIG.4 is a functional schematic representation of the supply system of Figure 3 when the valve is in the open position
- FIG.5 Figure 5 is a functional schematic representation of the supply system of Figure 3 when the valve is in the closed position
- Figure 6 is a functional schematic representation of the supply system according to a embodiment of the invention
- FIG.7 Figure 7 is a functional schematic representation of the power system according to another embodiment of the invention
- Figure 8 is a functional schematic representation of the power system according to another embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of the invention
- the aircraft 1 comprises a fuselage 2 and first and second wings 3 mounted on either side of the fuselage 2.
- the aircraft 1 further comprises at least two turbomachines 4 respectively integral with the first and second wings 3. With reference to Figure 2, the turbomachine 4 extends around and along a longitudinal axis X.
- the turbomachine 4 is for example a turboprop, a single-flow or double-flow, single-body or double-body turbogenerator.
- the number of flows can be greater than two depending on the configuration of the turbomachine 4.
- the primary air flow F1 is compressed within the low pressure and high pressure compressors 6, 7.
- the air then circulates in the combustion chamber 8.
- the combustible fluid circulates in the internal pipe 18 and is injected into the annular enclosure 8a of the combustion chamber 8 by the injectors 8b.
- the combustible fluid is mixed with the compressed air in the annular enclosure 8a of the combustion chamber 8 and combustion of the mixture is carried out.
- the gases resulting from the combustion then pass through the high pressure and low pressure turbines 9, 10 then escape through the nozzle 11 to generate propulsion.
- the first valve 24 further comprises a movable member between a first position and a second position.
- the first valve 24 further includes a control port 24e.
- the control port 24e is fluidly connected to the annular space 23.
- a first control line 25a connects the control port 24e of the valve 24 to the annular space 23. Thanks to such fluid connection between the valve 24 and the annular space 23, under the effect of the pressure variation in the annular space 23, the movable member is moved in the valve body 24a. Thus, the movable member is moved from the first position to the second position when the pressure in the annular space 23 is lower than the threshold pressure.
- the movable member When the pressure in the annular space 23 drops and becomes lower than the threshold pressure, the movable member is moved to the second position.
- the second position is shown in Figure 5. It is a closing position of the first valve 24 with respect to the circulation of the combustible fluid. In this second position, the fluid communication between the first input port 24c and the output port 24d is closed. The combustible fluid cannot circulate in the first valve 24 and therefore the internal passage 20.
- the outer sheath 22 In the event of damage to the supply system 17 by debris generated when a disc bursts, the outer sheath 22 is ruptured so that the pressure in the annular space 23 drops and becomes lower than the threshold pressure .
- the first valve 24 being controlled by the pressure variation in the annular space 23, the movable member is immediately moved into the second position, preventing the circulation of the combustible fluid in the internal passage 20 of the internal pipe 18.
- the rupture of the external sheath 22 allows the inert gas to be released.
- the inert gas mixes with the combustible fluid present in the internal pipe 18 and makes it possible to reduce the concentration of combustible fluid in the air and therefore to limit the risk of explosion.
- the first valve 24 has a return spring 24f.
- the movable member is returned to the second position by the return force of the return spring 24f in the absence of pneumatic control, that is to say when the pressure is lower than the threshold pressure.
- the second 24’ valve is hydraulic or pneumatic.
- the second valve 24’ is pneumatically operated.
- the second valve 24' is of the normally closed type.
- the second valve 24' comprises a valve body 24a' delimiting an internal chamber 24b' for circulating the combustible fluid.
- the second valve 24' also comprises an inlet port 24c' of the combustible fluid and an outlet port 24d' of the combustible fluid.
- the first inlet port 24c' and outlet 24d' are provided in the valve body 24a' and open into the internal chamber 24b'.
- the first inlet port 24c' is connected to the internal passage 20 of the internal pipe 18.
- the outlet port 24d is connected to the internal passage 18 of the internal pipe 18 or to the combustion chamber 8, in particular to the injector.
- the second valve 24' further comprises a movable member between a first position and a second position.
- the second valve 24' further includes a control port 24e'.
- the control port 24e' is fluidly connected to the annular space 23.
- a second hydraulic control line 25b connects the control port 24e' of the second valve 24' to the annular space 23. Thanks to such fluid connection between the second valve 24' and the annular space 23, under the effect of the pressure variation in the annular space 23, the movable member is moved in the valve body 24a'. Thus, the movable member is moved from the first position to the second position when the pressure in the annular space 23 is lower than the threshold pressure.
- the first position is an opening position of the second valve 24’.
- the second valve 24' is maintained in the first position as long as the pressure in the annular space 23 is at least equal to the threshold pressure.
- the input port 24c' is in fluid communication with the output port 24d'. The combustible fluid is thus allowed to circulate in the second valve 24' and the internal passage 20.
- the movable member When the pressure in the annular space 23 drops and becomes lower than the threshold pressure, the movable member is moved to the second position. This is a closing position of the second valve 24' with respect to the circulation of the combustible fluid. In this second position, the fluid communication between the input port 24c' and the output port 24d' is closed. The combustible fluid cannot circulate in the second valve 24' and therefore the internal passage 20.
- the second valve 24’ has a return spring 24f’.
- the movable member is returned to the second position by the return force of the return spring 24f’.
- the external sheath 22 is arranged between the first and second valves 24, 24'.
- the second valve 24' is mounted around the internal pipe 18.
- the inlet port 24c' and outlet port 24d' are connected to the internal pipe 18, in particular to the outlet section 18c.
- the second valve 24' is located between the internal pipe 18 and the combustion chamber 8.
- the second valve 24' makes it possible to limit the circulation of the fluid remaining in the internal pipe 18.
- the second valve 24' therefore makes it possible to reduce the risk of ignition of the combustible fluid.
- the combustible fluid that can escape from the internal pipe 18 is driven out by the volume of inert gas from the internal space 23 released during damage to the supply system 21.
- the first valve 24 further comprises a second inlet port 24g of an inert gas.
- the output port 24d communicates with the second input port 24g.
- the second inlet port 24g is fluidly connected to the annular space 23.
- a second hydraulic line 25a' connects the annular space 23 to the second inlet port 24g.
- the second inlet scope 24g is fluidly connected to a reservoir 26 of inert gas.
- the inert gas of the reservoir 26 is identical to or advantageously different from the inert gas of the annular space 23.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212123A FR3142224B1 (fr) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Systeme d’alimentation en fluide combustible d’une chambre de combustion |
| PCT/FR2023/051804 WO2024110721A1 (fr) | 2022-11-21 | 2023-11-15 | Systeme d'alimentation en fluide combustible d'une chambre de combustion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4623192A1 true EP4623192A1 (fr) | 2025-10-01 |
Family
ID=85122842
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23813820.0A Pending EP4623192A1 (fr) | 2022-11-21 | 2023-11-15 | Systeme d'alimentation en fluide combustible d'une chambre de combustion |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4623192A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3142224B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024110721A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4422675A (en) * | 1981-07-29 | 1983-12-27 | United Technologies Corporation | Co-axial tube coupling |
| ITTO20120190A1 (it) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-03 | Ansaldo Energia Spa | Sistema di alimentazione di combustibile ad elevata sicurezza per un bruciatore di turbina a gas |
| GB201208586D0 (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-06-27 | Rolls Royce Plc | A heat exchanger |
| US20150323188A1 (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2015-11-12 | Solar Turbines Incorporated | Enclosed gas fuel delivery system |
| EP3971458B1 (fr) * | 2020-09-22 | 2025-02-05 | The Boeing Company | Systèmes de transport de fluides à double paroi et procédés associés |
-
2022
- 2022-11-21 FR FR2212123A patent/FR3142224B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-11-15 WO PCT/FR2023/051804 patent/WO2024110721A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-11-15 EP EP23813820.0A patent/EP4623192A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3142224A1 (fr) | 2024-05-24 |
| WO2024110721A1 (fr) | 2024-05-30 |
| FR3142224B1 (fr) | 2024-10-11 |
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