EP4615790A1 - Verfahren zum überwachen einer drehbewegung eines zahnrads im antrieb einer fahrtreppe oder eines fahrsteiges - Google Patents
Verfahren zum überwachen einer drehbewegung eines zahnrads im antrieb einer fahrtreppe oder eines fahrsteigesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4615790A1 EP4615790A1 EP23800854.4A EP23800854A EP4615790A1 EP 4615790 A1 EP4615790 A1 EP 4615790A1 EP 23800854 A EP23800854 A EP 23800854A EP 4615790 A1 EP4615790 A1 EP 4615790A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- gear
- sensor
- sensor signal
- sensors
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways
- B66B25/006—Monitoring for maintenance or repair
Definitions
- the rotational speed and/or direction of rotation of a gear wheel on an escalator can be monitored using two inductive sensors that are located opposite the gear teeth at different scanning points.
- the number of pulses available to detect the respective movement parameter per revolution is limited by the number of sensors. Using more than two sensors does increase the number of pulses per revolution, i.e. the resolution of the resulting sensor signal, but on the other hand this can lead to signal irregularities that can lead to undesirable measurement inaccuracies despite the increased resolution.
- a corresponding signal processing device a corresponding computer program, a corresponding computer-readable medium, a corresponding sensor device and a corresponding escalator.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for monitoring a rotary movement of a gear in the drive of an escalator.
- the method comprises the following steps: receiving a sensor signal which is determined using at least a sensor for scanning the gearing, in a signal processing device; detecting pulses by scanning the sensor signal, wherein the pulses are counted by assigning a count value to each pulse, wherein each pulse is further assigned a time value which indicates a time interval of the pulse from the next pulse; carrying out the following steps for each detected pulse: selecting a reference time value by comparing the count value assigned to the detected pulse with a list which assigns reference time values to possible count values; determining a deviation of the time value assigned to the detected pulse from the selected reference time value; detecting from the deviation whether the gear is rotating at a desired speed.
- the method can be computer-implemented and carried out automatically by a processor, for example a signal processing device of the escalator.
- the method makes it possible to compensate for irregularities in the sensor signal, for example due to inaccuracies in the gear and/or the sensor and/or due to the so-called polygon effect in a chain drive.
- the method allows for each detected pulse, i.e. for each tooth of the gearing for which a pulse was generated, to select a separate threshold value from several possible threshold values.
- geometric irregularities of the gearing and/or other given inaccuracies for example in the alignment of an active surface of the sensor (sensor detection area) with the gearing and/or with each other (e.g. due to wear and/or temperature variations), can be taken into account in the monitoring, which significantly increases the accuracy and/or reliability of the monitoring compared to methods in which the same threshold value is used for all sections of the gearing.
- the individual irregularities described above can result in a sensor signal in which long and short periods alternate regularly.
- Such a long-short pattern can have a particularly severe impact on the measurement of the gear's rotational speed if the periods of the long-short pattern are compared with the same reference period regardless of their respective length.
- Such irregularities can be effectively compensated using the method. For example, it can be detected that the gear is rotating too fast if the time value is less than the selected reference time value and/or rotating too slow if the time value is greater than the selected reference time value.
- a control command to stop the escalator can be generated in an additional step.
- Such a control command usually causes a safety circuit of the escalator to be interrupted.
- time value can be understood as a time interval between two adjacent rising edges in the sensor signal.
- the gear can be, for example, a sprocket of a chain drive of the escalator.
- the chain drive can be designed to drive a step or pallet belt and/or a handrail of the escalator.
- the teeth of the sprocket can be connected to a drive pinion of the escalator via a drive chain when the escalator is in working order.
- the individual teeth of the sprocket can be used as a measuring embodiment for detecting the rotary movement.
- an additional measuring embodiment is not necessary, which makes the escalator cheaper to manufacture.
- a gear in the form of an additional measuring gear is also possible, which rotates when the escalator is in operation but does not transmit any driving forces itself.
- the sensor device further comprises at least two outputs for connecting the sensor device to at least two inputs of a signal processing device (for example the signal processing device described above and below), a first of the outputs being connectable to a first of the inputs via a first signal line, a second of the outputs being connectable to a second of the inputs via a second signal line (separate from the first signal line), at least two of the sensors being connected to the first output for providing a first sensor signal and at least two further sensors being connected to the second output for providing a second sensor signal.
- a signal processing device for example the signal processing device described above and below
- Such a sensor device enables a significantly more precise and/or reliable measurement compared to designs with fewer than four sensors, for example with only two sensors or with only one sensor. This also makes it possible to check the correct functioning of the escalator by comparing the signals from both measuring channels.
- the term “sensor” as used above and below may be understood to mean, for example, an inductive sensor, a Hall sensor, an optical sensor or a combination of at least two of these examples.
- the computer program comprises instructions which cause a processor of a signal processing device to carry out the method described above and below when the computer program is executed by the processor.
- the computer-readable medium may be a volatile or non-volatile data storage device.
- the computer-readable medium may be a hard disk, a universal serial bus (USB) storage device, a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a flash memory, or a combination of at least two of these examples.
- the computer-readable medium may also be a data communications network that enables downloading of program code (e.g., over the Internet), or a cloud.
- Embodiments of the invention may be considered based on the ideas and findings described below. These embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
- the counting of the pulses can be started from when the count value of the last detected pulse matches a stop value that indicates a number of pulses within a pulse pattern repeating in the sensor signal.
- the counting can be started from the beginning by resetting a counter for counting the pulses to a starting value, for example to 0 or 1.
- the counting is then continued from the starting value, with the counter being increased incrementally, for example by the value 1, for each pulse detected until the stop value is reached again.
- the counting can be carried out continuously while the escalator is in operation.
- the set of possible count values that can be assigned to the detected pulses is not indeterminate, but limited to certain count values.
- the set of possible count values can include values for counting to four (e.g. "0, 1, 2, 3" or "1, 2, 3, 4") if the repeating pulse pattern includes four consecutive pulses.
- the repeating pulse pattern can be a known pulse pattern with a known number of pulses.
- the known pulse pattern can, for example, result from the configuration of a chain drive of the escalator that has the gear wheel. It is also possible that the pulse pattern was determined in tests or in one or more separate long-distance runs before or parallel to the normal operation of the escalator.
- the stop value can be equal to 2.
- the repeating pulse pattern comprises exactly two consecutive pulses.
- the stop value can also be significantly greater than 2.
- the stop value can be equal to a number of teeth on the gear (or an integer multiple thereof) and/or equal to a number of links on the drive chain (or an integer multiple thereof).
- the stop value can be equal to a number of pulses generated by sampling the sensor signal using the sensor or sensors during one or more complete revolutions of the gear and/or drive chain in the same direction.
- the pulse pattern changes during operation of the escalator, for example due to temperature fluctuations or increasing wear. It is therefore useful to automatically scan the sensor signal for repeating pulse patterns and determine a corresponding stop value from this.
- the method may further comprise a step in which a repeating pulse pattern is detected by sampling the sensor signal.
- the pulses may be repeated taking into account the detected pulse pattern can be detected. This enables automatic detection of repeating pulse patterns in the sensor signal.
- the sensor signal can be scanned for rising and/or falling edges.
- detection can be carried out, for example, every time the escalator starts and/or during normal operation of the escalator (e.g. at regular intervals and/or when certain events are detected).
- Detection can, for example, take place during a long-distance run of the escalator in which the gear wheel is rotated by 360 degrees or by an integer multiple of 360 degrees in the same direction.
- the gear wheel can also be rotated by less than 360 degrees during the long-distance run.
- the detected pulse patterns can, for example, differ from one another in at least one of the following ways: the number of pulses, the time intervals between pulses, and the total duration. Accordingly, a separate list with count values and reference time values can be generated for each detected pulse pattern. One of these lists can then be automatically selected to evaluate the sensor signal, for example depending on the current operating conditions of the escalator. It is therefore possible to switch between the different lists several times while the escalator is in operation. It is also conceivable for the sensor signal to be evaluated simultaneously using several such lists. This creates a certain degree of redundancy, which improves the reliability of the process.
- the stop value can indicate a number of pulses within the detected pulse pattern.
- it can be determined, among other things, how many pulses the pulse pattern consists of and a corresponding stop value can be set (for example, with four pulses, a stop value "4" for a count from 1 to 4 or a stop value "3" for a count from 0 to 3). This enables the stop value to be automatically updated when a new pulse pattern is detected, for example as a result of temperature fluctuations and/or increasing wear.
- the detection of the pulse pattern may include: counting the pulses within the pulse pattern by assigning a count value to each pulse; determining a time value for each pulse within the pulse pattern, wherein the time value indicates a time interval of the pulse to the next pulse.
- the method may further comprise: determining a reference time value for each count value that was assigned to a pulse upon detection of the pulse pattern by multiplying the time value of the respective pulse by a factor; storing the reference time values together with the respective count values in the list.
- a number of possible count values that are later used to count the pulses, and the associated reference time values can be determined from the sensor signal. If, for example, the count values "1, 2, 3, 4" (or “0, 1, 2, 3") were assigned one after the other when the pulse pattern was recognized, then when the pulses are recognized the count is up to the count value 4 (or 3) before counting starts again from 1 (or 0). In other words, each count ends after the fourth pulse, i.e. the stop value is 4 (or 3) and corresponds to the number of pulses within the recognized pulse sequence. For each of the above-mentioned count values, a specific reference time value is stored in the list. The above steps can be carried out during a learning phase outside of normal operation of the escalator and/or parallel to normal operation of the escalator.
- the detected pulse pattern can be used to identify properties of the respective chain drive of the escalator, for example to determine whether the escalator is equipped with the correct chain drive.
- the factor can, for example, be between 0.80 and 0.95, preferably 0.90.
- the method may further comprise a step in which it is determined whether the recognized pulse pattern is plausible by comparing a total duration of the recognized pulse pattern with a reference duration.
- the recognized pulse pattern is retained if it is plausible and/or discarded if it is not plausible.
- the sensor signal can be re-sampled in response to discarding the pulse pattern to detect a repeating pulse pattern.
- the total duration of the detected pulse pattern can be measured and/or calculated.
- the total duration is determined by adding the time values of the pulses within the detected pulse pattern.
- the detected pulse pattern may be classified as implausible if the total duration is outside a certain tolerance range (e.g. plus/minus 1%, plus/minus 5% or plus/minus 10%) around the reference duration.
- a certain tolerance range e.g. plus/minus 1%, plus/minus 5% or plus/minus 10%
- the sensor signal can be generated using at least two sensors for scanning the gear teeth at different scanning points, in particular by superimposing output signals from the at least two sensors over the same period of time.
- the accuracy of the method can be significantly increased compared to embodiments with only one sensor.
- the sensor signal was generated in such a way that the pulses in the sensor signal do not overlap in time. This enables a clear determination of the number and length of the pulses.
- the sensor signal (generated using the at least two sensors) can be a first sensor signal and a second sensor signal, which was generated using at least two further sensors, in particular by superimposing output signals of the at least two further sensors over the same period of time, can be received in the signal processing device. Both sensor signals can have been generated in such a way that each pulse in the first sensor signal partially overlaps in time with a pulse in the second sensor signal. Accordingly, the method can further comprise: determining a current direction of rotation of the gear by evaluating the first sensor signal together with the second sensor signal and/or using the second sensor signal to detect whether the gear is rotating at the desired speed.
- the sensors can be mounted such that at least two of the active surfaces each have a first position and at least two further active surfaces each have a second position deviating from the first position with respect to an axial direction of the gear.
- the first sensor 15a and the third sensor 15c are connected to a first output 30a of the sensor device 27 to form a first measuring channel for providing a first sensor signal 21, wherein the second sensor 15b and the fourth sensor 15d are connected to a separate second output 30b the sensor device 27 to form a second measuring channel for providing a second sensor signal 31.
- the first output 30a is connected via a first signal line to a first input 32a of the signal processing device 19.
- the second output 30b is connected via a separate second signal line to a second input 32b of the signal processing device 19.
- the sensor signal 21 is received in the signal processing device 19.
- the sensor signal 21 is sampled to detect pulses 25 (see Fig. 4).
- the first sensor signal 21 can be sampled for rising edges, for example.
- the detected pulses 25 are counted by assigning a count value 37 to each pulse 25, or more precisely to each period comprising a pulse 25, with the count value 37 being increased each time a new pulse 25 is detected (here by 1).
- a time value 39 is determined for each detected pulse 25, which indicates a time interval between the pulse 25 and the next pulse, i.e. a duration of the respective period.
- a reference time value 41 (see Fig. 2) is determined by comparing the count value 37 with a list 43 which assigns a reference time value 41 to each count value 37.
- the list 43 can be stored in the memory 35.
- the deviation is ultimately used to detect whether the gear 13 is rotating at a desired speed. For example, it is detected that the gear 13 is rotating too quickly if the time value 39 is smaller than the selected reference time value 41, or that it is rotating too slowly if the time value 39 is larger than the selected reference time value 41.
- the signal processing device 19 can generate a control command in an additional step which causes the escalator 1 to be transferred to a safe state. This is usually achieved by interrupting a safety circuit of the escalator 1, which causes the escalator 1 to stop.
- the counting of the pulses 25 can be continued until the count value 37 of the last counted pulse 25 matches a predefined stop value 45. The counting then starts again from a predefined start value 47 (here at «1»).
- the stop value 45 indicates after how many consecutive pulses 25 a certain pulse pattern 49 repeats in the sensor signal 21.
- the pulse pattern 49 comprises four consecutive pulses 25.
- the stop value 45 is therefore “4”.
- the pulse pattern 49 can be detected, for example, by evaluating the sensor signal 21.
- the pulse pattern 49 can be a known pulse pattern that can be known, among other things, from the geometric properties of the gear 13 or the chain drive 3. Sensory detection of the pulse pattern 49 is therefore not absolutely necessary.
- the detection of the pulse pattern 49 may include the following steps.
- the pulses 25 within the recognized pulse pattern 49 are counted by assigning a count value 37 to each pulse 25.
- the count value 37 (here "4") of the last pulse 25 is stored as the stop value 45.
- a time value 39 is determined for each pulse 25 within the recognized pulse pattern 49.
- a reference time value 41 is determined for each count value 37 that has been assigned to one of the pulses 25 of the recognized pulse pattern 49, for example by multiplying the time value 39 of the respective pulse 25 by a certain factor (here by 0.90).
- the resulting reference time values 41 are then stored together with the respective count values 37 in the list 43.
- the detected pulse pattern 49 is plausible by comparing its total duration, i.e. the sum of all time values 39 related to the pulse pattern 49, with a reference duration.
- the reference duration can be determined experimentally and/or calculated, for example by dividing a distance corresponding to the number of pulses 25 within the pulse pattern 49 by the desired speed of the gear 13.
- the pulse pattern 49 is only used further if it is plausible. Otherwise, the pulse pattern 49 is discarded.
- the sensor signal 21 can then be sampled again, for example, in order to detect a pulse pattern 49.
- Such a learning phase can last at least until a repeating pulse pattern is detected with sufficient accuracy.
- each list 43 ie the number of value pairs consisting of a count value 37 and a reference time value 41
- the number of entries in each list 43 corresponds to the number of periods within the respective pulse pattern. In the simplest case, the number of periods is two. However, the number of periods can also be equal to the number of teeth on gear 13 (or an integer multiple thereof) or equal to a product of the number of teeth on gear 13 and the number of chain links on drive chain 11 and/or another chain on chain drive 3 (or an integer multiple thereof).
- Such a method offers the possibility of precise overspeed measurement with the shortest possible response time, even when the sensor signal 21 is highly non-uniform.
- Each individual pulse 25 can be used for the overspeed measurement, i.e. after each individual pulse 25 a decision can be made as to whether the escalator 1 should be stopped or not. False shutdowns of the escalator 1 as a result of unevenly distributed pulses 25 within a pulse pattern 49 can thus be avoided by the present method.
- the speed monitoring steps described above and below using the example of the (first) sensor signal 21 can additionally be carried out in the same (or similar) manner using the second sensor signal 31.
- the special arrangement of the active surfaces 23 shown in Fig. 3 has the effect that both sensor signals 21, 31 are generated in such a way that each pulse 25 in the first sensor signal 21 partially overlaps in time with a pulse 25 in the second sensor signal 31 (see Fig. 4).
- This circumstance can be used to detect in an additional step whether the gear 13 is rotating in a desired direction. If the gear 13 does not rotate in the desired direction, a control command to transfer the escalator 1 to a safe state can be generated in an additional step, as with speed monitoring.
Landscapes
- Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22206026 | 2022-11-08 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/080754 WO2024099920A1 (de) | 2022-11-08 | 2023-11-06 | Verfahren zum überwachen einer drehbewegung eines zahnrads im antrieb einer fahrtreppe oder eines fahrsteiges |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4615790A1 true EP4615790A1 (de) | 2025-09-17 |
Family
ID=84330322
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23800854.4A Pending EP4615790A1 (de) | 2022-11-08 | 2023-11-06 | Verfahren zum überwachen einer drehbewegung eines zahnrads im antrieb einer fahrtreppe oder eines fahrsteiges |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4615790A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120091966A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2023376018A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024099920A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4664247A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1987-05-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Conveyor brake control |
| EP1850087B1 (de) * | 2006-04-25 | 2009-08-19 | Prüftechnik Dieter Busch Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen der Dehnung einer Antriebskette |
| CN102405185B (zh) * | 2009-04-20 | 2014-03-05 | 奥的斯电梯公司 | 运送设备安全控制 |
-
2023
- 2023-11-06 EP EP23800854.4A patent/EP4615790A1/de active Pending
- 2023-11-06 AU AU2023376018A patent/AU2023376018A1/en active Pending
- 2023-11-06 WO PCT/EP2023/080754 patent/WO2024099920A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-11-06 CN CN202380077419.4A patent/CN120091966A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2023376018A1 (en) | 2025-05-22 |
| CN120091966A (zh) | 2025-06-03 |
| WO2024099920A1 (de) | 2024-05-16 |
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