EP4605108A1 - Filterelement, filtervorrichtung, fahrzeug, verwendung und verfahren - Google Patents
Filterelement, filtervorrichtung, fahrzeug, verwendung und verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4605108A1 EP4605108A1 EP23758255.6A EP23758255A EP4605108A1 EP 4605108 A1 EP4605108 A1 EP 4605108A1 EP 23758255 A EP23758255 A EP 23758255A EP 4605108 A1 EP4605108 A1 EP 4605108A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- engagement
- elements
- engagement elements
- filter element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
- B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
- B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D2265/02—Non-permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter
- B01D2265/028—Snap, latch or clip connecting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
- B01D2279/40—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for cleaning of environmental air, e.g. by filters installed on vehicles or on streets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter element, in particular for an interior filter device, for example for a motor vehicle.
- the present invention also relates to a filter device and a vehicle with such a filter device.
- the present invention still further relates to a use of a filter element.
- the present invention relates to a method for fastening a filter element to or in a filter housing.
- filters that can be used include particle filters, odor filters or combinations of these, which filter out or adsorb suspended matter, particles and odors contained in the ambient air.
- Folded or pleated filter materials such as filter fleeces that form a fold pack, are often used to filter air for the interior of a motor vehicle. To do this, an initially flat sheet of filter material is folded in a zigzag shape. The fold pack is held, for example, by side bands and head bands or another frame. Such filter elements can be fixed in a filter housing so that they can be exchanged. The filter device thus formed can be installed in an air conditioning system of a corresponding motor vehicle.
- Replacing filter elements should be as easy as possible.
- the filter element should be securely fixed in the corresponding filter housing. This means that the filter element is not moved out of its position in the filter housing by vibrations or pressure surges.
- Another goal can be that only certain filter elements suitable for the respective application can be inserted into the filter housing.
- filter elements and filter housings must be provided with suitable engagement and counter-engagement elements (or receiving means). When fastened or mounted, these elements ensure a positive connection that holds the respective filter element in the associated filter housing.
- suitable engagement and counter-engagement elements can be screws with associated threads or clips with associated catches.
- WO 2015/086661 A1 discloses a filter element with a filter medium and a frame for fastening the filter medium to or in a filter holder.
- the frame has at least one engagement element and at least one snap hook.
- the at least one engagement element is connected to a holder element. element of the filter holder for pivoting the filter element relative to the filter holder about a pivot axis.
- the at least one snap hook can be snapped into at least one catch in the filter holder for blocking pivoting of the filter element relative to the filter holder at least in a first direction about the pivot axis.
- WO 2021/213869 A1 discloses an air filter device for a motor vehicle, with a housing with a receiving space for a filter element, wherein the filter element has a frame which surrounds a filter material of the filter element at least in regions. Side walls of the frame are elastically deformable so that a distance between the two projections arranged on the same side wall can be reduced in order to bring second projections past inwardly directed guide flanks of the gate into the second gate end region assigned to them when the filter element is inserted.
- a filter element in particular for an interior filter device, for example for a motor vehicle, is proposed.
- the filter element can be fastened to or in a filter housing, the filter element comprising: a filter medium body, a frame that at least partially surrounds the filter medium body, two engagement elements arranged on a side surface of the frame, which extend away from the filter medium body and can be brought into engagement with respectively associated engagement counter elements on the filter housing for fastening the filter element to or in it, a rigid element which connects the two engagement elements on the side surface to one another in a force-conducting manner, the two engagement elements being designed to be disengaged from the associated engagement counter elements in a release state of the same and to be engaged with them in a blocking state of the same, the two engagement elements having a first distance from one another in the release state and a second distance from one another in the blocking state, which is different from the first distance, one of the two engagement elements on the side surface being connected to the rigid element by means of an elastic element, the elastic element generating
- force-conducting connection means that the rigid element is able to transmit a reaction force that is opposite to the restoring force between the two engagement elements. This is possible in designs using a rigid element that is made from one or more parts.
- the frame or the filter medium body does not need to be elastically deformed in order to mount the filter element on or in the filter housing.
- the corresponding elastic deformability is provided at least partially or exclusively by means of an elastic element which is mechanically connected between the one engagement element and the rigid element. Accordingly, when the restoring force is generated, a force flow leads from the one engagement element through the elastic element, through the rigid element and then (possibly via another elastic element or directly) into the other engagement element.
- the one engagement element is connected to the rigid element by means of the elastic element and is therefore only indirectly connected to it.
- the other engagement element can be directly or also indirectly connected to the rigid element.
- the two engagement elements are each connected to the frame (one engagement element in any case by means of the elastic element), the frame being only partially stiffened with the rigid element, so that, for example, a section of a non-rigid frame material lies between the force introduction point of the corresponding engagement element on the side surface and the rigid element.
- this section is designed to be short, it bends only slightly, for example, and is therefore harmless to the function in question.
- One or more of the engagement elements can be designed as pins, projections, pins, piping, etc. More than two engagement elements can be provided. In particular, two engagement elements can be provided on each of two side surfaces of the frame. Accordingly, two or more engagement counter-elements are also provided on the filter housing. In particular, one (or the other) of the two engagement elements can be designed as a catch, whereby the corresponding engagement element can be designed as a counter-catch.
- the locking state preferably corresponds to the mounted state (i.e., the filter element is attached to or in the filter housing) of the filter element.
- the locked state movement of the filter element with respect to the filter housing is preferably blocked in all six degrees of freedom.
- the fact that the two engagement elements are in engagement with the engagement counter elements means that they each form a positive connection with one another.
- the release state preferably corresponds to a state in which the engagement elements have just left the engagement with the engagement counter-elements.
- the restoring force can be at a maximum in the release state.
- maximum refers to a period of observation in which the filter element and the filter housing are initially separate from one another and at the end of which the filter element is attached to or in the filter housing.
- a manual force to the filter element, in particular to one of the two engagement elements or to both engagement elements.
- the manual force can be applied either directly or indirectly to at least one of the engagement elements.
- an assembly force directed in the insertion direction it is possible for an assembly force directed in the insertion direction to be exerted on the filter element, which is then converted into a movement transverse to the insertion direction by an insertion section of the associated housing-side engagement counter-element, designed for example as an inclined plane, in order to change the distance between the engagement elements.
- means can be provided on the filter element itself which make it easier to apply the manual force to the at least one engagement element or improve the accessibility of the engagement elements by hand.
- a lever, a band or a tab connected to the at least one engagement element can be considered for this.
- the first distance can be greater or smaller than the second distance. This depends on the respective design. According to one embodiment, a difference between the first and second distance is less than 20%, preferably less than 10% and even more preferably less than 5% of the first distance. In particular, in embodiments, the distance difference is just enough that at least one of the two engagement elements can be guided past the corresponding engagement counter-element in order to disengage them. For example, the distance difference between the first and the second distance can be less than 15 mm, less than 10 mm or less than 5 mm. When transferring between the locked state and the released state, the engagement elements can move towards each other, away from each other or towards each other.
- One (and/or the other, mentioned in more detail later) of the two engagement elements can be designed to be pivoted or (also exclusively) moved linearly for the transfer between the locked state and the released state.
- the elastic element is in particular a spring and can be made of plastic and/or metal, for example.
- the engagement counter elements can be formed on wall sections of the filter housing.
- the filter housing can be formed, for example, in the form of a frame, in particular a rectangular frame.
- the wall sections can be partial areas of opposite sides of the frame.
- the filter housing can be made, for example, from plastic.
- the filter housing is manufactured as a plastic injection-molded component. Additionally or alternatively, the filter housing can also be made partially or completely from metal, in particular sheet metal.
- one side surface can be provided, such as in the case of a round filter element or one with another free form without corners.
- several, in particular four, side surfaces can also be provided.
- two side surfaces can be opposite each other.
- two opposite side surfaces can be provided, each of which has two (or more) engagement elements. In this way, engagement can be created between the filter element and the filter housing on at least two sides.
- the filter element comprises, for example, a filter medium (here also "filter medium body”) and one or more stabilizing elements, in particular side bands and/or head bands (also referred to as headbands), which stabilize the filter medium at least in sections in order to maintain its shape, in particular during filter operation.
- the stabilizing elements can in particular form a closed or open frame - also made of one piece material - which surrounds the filter medium.
- the stabilizing elements can be firmly bonded to the filter medium at the edges, in particular glued. To do this, the stabilizing elements can be heated and the filter medium pressed into the heated material. Alternatively, the stabilizing elements can be molded onto the filter medium. An adhesive can also be used as an additional material.
- the stabilizing elements themselves can be made from the same material as the filter medium.
- the stabilizing elements can be made from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), a glass fiber material, synthetic fiber material, for example. or another plastic or plastic mixture or from a fleece. In particular, the stabilizing elements can be manufactured as plastic injection molded components.
- the stabilizing elements can be stiff or flexible (especially fluffy).
- the side bands of the frame (which in this case preferably comprise the "side surface of the frame") can have a basis weight of, for example, 100 to 500 g/m2, preferably 200 to 400 g/m2.
- the basis weight is determined according to DIN RN 29073-1 (non-woven).
- the tensile strength of the side bands or the side surfaces of the frame can, for example, be at least 100, preferably at least 200, even more preferably at least 500 N/50 mm in the machine direction (longitudinal direction). Transverse to the machine direction, the tensile strength can be at least 20, preferably at least 100, and even more preferably at least 250 N/50 mm.
- the tensile strengths are determined according to DIN EN 29073-3.
- a basis weight and/or a tensile strength (in machine direction and/or transversely thereto) of the side bands is a lower value than that of the head bands.
- the side bands are more elastic than the head bands. This means that less force is required to bend or lengthen the side bands by a predefined amount than the head bands.
- the filter medium can be folded or wave-shaped. Zigzag or W folds are known as folds, for example.
- the filter medium can be embossed and then folded with sharp edges at embossed edges to form fold edges.
- the starting material can be a flat material filter sheet, which is formed accordingly.
- the filter medium is, for example, a filter fabric, a filter scrim or a filter fleece.
- the filter medium can be produced using a spunbond or meltblown process.
- the filter medium can also be felted or needled.
- the filter medium can contain natural fibers, such as cotton, or synthetic fibers, for example made of polyester, polyphenyl sulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene. During processing, the fibers can be oriented in, at an angle and/or across the machine direction.
- the filter medium can be single-layered or multi-layered. It can also contain an adsorbent such as activated carbon.
- the filter medium can also have an antimicrobial and/or antiallergenic effect. Examples of antimicrobial substances include zinc pyrithione or nanosilver, and examples of antiallergenic substances include polyphenol.
- a corresponding filter element is used to filter fluids, i.e. gaseous and/or liquid media, for example air.
- a gaseous medium or air here also includes gas or air-solid mixtures and/or gas or air-liquid mixtures.
- an air conditioning system can have the filter element.
- a particularly high-separation filter medium can be designed to separate particles of test dust A2 according to ISO 12103-1 and NaCI aerosol particles according to DIN 71460-1 from an air stream with a Filtration speed of 0.10 to 0.30 m/s, based on the filter media area, at an air permeability of more than 600 l/m 2 s (determined according to ISO 9237 at 200 Pa).
- the filtration characteristics can be determined, for example, according to DIN 71460-1.
- the filter element can have a seal which seals a raw side associated with the filter element from a clean side of the same.
- the seal can be designed to be identical to one or more stabilizing elements of the filter element.
- the seal can be designed as an additional component.
- the seal can be attached to the filter medium, the one or more stabilizing elements, the filter element or the filter housing.
- the other of the two engagement elements is connected to the rigid element by means of another elastic element, wherein the other elastic element generates a restoring force acting on the other of the two engagement elements when the two engagement elements are transferred between the locking state and the release state.
- At least two elastic elements are provided so that the two engagement elements are each movable with respect to the rigid element.
- the other of the two engagement elements is rigidly connected to the rigid element.
- only one engagement element is movable relative to the rigid element, while the other engagement element is rigidly (i.e. immovably) coupled to it.
- the rigid connection between the other engagement element and the rigid element can be direct or indirect. "Direct” is to be understood here as “without mechanical interposition of further elements or components”.
- one and/or the other elastic element is configured to generate the restoring force due to a flexurally elastic deformation thereof.
- the elastic element can be designed as a tension/compression-deformable element.
- the elastic element is designed as a leaf spring, spiral spring, flat spring or wave spring.
- the rigid element is a bending-resistant element.
- the rigid element can be a tension/compression rigid element.
- such an element comprises carbon or aramid fibers.
- the rigid element has a greater tensile/compressive stiffness or flexural stiffness than one and/or the other elastic element and/or than the frame in the region of the side surface.
- the rigid element is an integral part of the frame and/or is designed as a side band of the frame.
- the rigid element is a separate part which is attached, in particular welded or glued, to the side surface of the frame.
- This variant can have material-technical advantages over one-piece production.
- the restoring force acting on one of the two engagement elements and the restoring force acting on the other of the two engagement elements are directed towards or opposite to each other.
- the two restoring forces can be directed coaxially.
- the two engagement elements are mirror-symmetrical to each other, with a corresponding axis of symmetry pointing in the flow direction.
- the filter element can be installed in the housing in different orientations.
- one and/or the other elastic element is attached to the rigid element and/or the frame, in particular glued or welded, or is formed in one piece, in particular by plastic injection molding, with the rigid element and/or the frame.
- one and/or the other elastic element can be done directly or indirectly.
- one and/or the other engagement element can also be fastened to one or the other elastic element, in particular glued or welded, or formed as a single piece, in particular by plastic injection molding, with one or the other elastic element (possibly including the rigid element and/or the frame).
- the other engagement element in the variant in which it is rigidly fastened to the rigid element
- the one and/or the other elastic element is attached to the frame and/or to the rigid element by means of a base, wherein the one and/or the other elastic element points along the flow direction or at an acute angle to it, wherein preferably at an end of the one and/or the other elastic element facing away from the base, one and/or the other of the two engagement elements is provided, wherein preferably the elastic element extends parallel to and spaced from at least one side surface of the frame and/or the rigid element.
- the elastic element can be designed as a flexible arm.
- Such an arrangement can be easily manufactured using plastic injection molding, for example.
- one and/or the other elastic element is rod-shaped and/or one and/or the other of the two engagement elements is cam-shaped.
- one and/or the other elastic element is meander-shaped and/or one and/or the other of the two engagement elements is triangular-shaped.
- the meandering shape advantageously allows for a long spring travel.
- the triangular shape provides a favorable locking geometry.
- the rigid element is designed as a flat part.
- the meandering elastic element preferably runs in or exclusively in the plane of the flat part.
- the meandering elastic element can be arranged in a window in the flat part, wherein the window can preferably be closed using a cover plate.
- the side surface is perpendicular to the flow direction and/or a side band of the frame has the side surface.
- the side surface is preferably located opposite the filter housing or a wall thereof with the engagement counter elements.
- the frame has at least two opposing side surfaces, wherein engagement elements are arranged on the at least two side surfaces, which extend away from the filter medium body and can be brought into engagement with respectively associated engagement counter-elements on the filter housing for fastening the filter element to or in it, wherein the engagement elements are preferably designed to be mirror-symmetrical to one another with respect to an axis of symmetry which lies in the main extension plane of the filter medium body.
- the filter element can be held particularly securely by means of the engagement elements on both sides.
- a filter device in particular an interior filter device, for example for a motor vehicle, is provided.
- the filter device comprises: a filter element as described above, and a filter housing to or in which the filter element is fastened, wherein the two engagement elements engage with the associated engagement counter elements.
- an engagement counter element associated with one and/or the other of the two engagement elements has an insertion section and a locking section, wherein the one and/or the other of the two engagement elements is designed to be guided through the insertion section of the associated engagement counter element and towards the locking section of the associated engagement counter element when the filter element is attached to or in the filter housing, wherein the restoring force secures one and/or the other of the two engagement elements in the locking section against disengagement therefrom, wherein preferably the insertion section is adapted to counteract the restoring force in order to change the distance between the two engagement elements.
- the insertion section can end at an edge of the side surface which corresponds, for example, to the raw or clean side of the filter element.
- the blocking section can, for example, extend parallel to the edge of the side surface.
- the insertion section points in the flow direction or at an acute angle thereto.
- the blocking section can be connected to the insertion section and/or angled relative to it.
- the blocking section and/or the insertion section can be designed as a groove.
- the locking portion and the insertion portion may be connected to each other so that they form a continuous groove.
- An angle between the locking portion and the insertion portion may be, for example, between 30 and 90°, preferably between 70 and 90°, more preferably 90°.
- the associated engagement counter-elements each have a blocking section, wherein the blocking sections point away from each other or towards each other and/or are mirror-symmetrical with respect to an axis of symmetry in the flow direction.
- the first distance between the two engagement elements is smaller than the second distance. In other words, the engagement elements are moved apart to establish the locking state or moved towards each other to establish the release state.
- the two insertion sections associated with the two blocking sections are arranged parallel to each other.
- the insertion section has a section acting as an inclined plane on one and/or the other of the two engagement elements, wherein the locking section forms an undercut at one end of the inclined plane.
- one and/or the other engagement element can be easily transferred into the locked state, since the inclined plane converts a particularly axially directed insertion movement of the filter element into a movement that changes the distance between the engagement elements.
- the inclined plane is oriented obliquely to the flow direction and/or the undercut extends transversely to the flow direction.
- one of the associated engagement counter-element(s) has a V-shaped geometry forming the insertion section, which widens at its pointed end to form two undercuts, wherein one of the undercuts forms the locking section.
- the filter element is held in the installation space or in the filter device independently of support surfaces on the filter housing (apart from the engagement counter elements) - in other words "freely hanging".
- the filter device can be designed as a multi-stage filter system in which further filter elements are positioned on the filter element described above and are indirectly held by it.
- the filter element according to the invention is indirectly sealed via a further filter element, wherein in particular an axially directed sealing pre-tensioning force is generated by the interaction of the filter element according to the invention with a filter housing and is transferred to the further filter element by contact with the further filter element.
- the further filter element here has a housing interface, while the filter element according to the invention is only indirectly sealed from the housing, i.e. via the further filter element. Contact between the filter element according to the invention and the further filter element can take place with the interposition of a seal or without a seal.
- a vehicle with a filter device as described above is proposed.
- a method for fastening a filter element to or in a filter housing.
- the filter element has a filter body and an at least partially surrounding frame.
- the method comprises the steps: a) inserting the filter element into the filter housing, and b) engaging two engagement elements of the filter element, which are arranged on a side surface of the frame of the filter element and are connected to one another in a force-conducting manner by means of a rigid element on the side surface, with associated engagement counter-elements of the filter housing while changing a distance between the two engagement elements, wherein an elastic element connecting one of the two engagement elements to the rigid element applies a restoring force to one engagement element when the distance changes.
- provision b) one and/or the other engagement element is introduced along a (possibly respective) insertion section of the filter housing substantially along the flow direction.
- Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a motor vehicle with a filter device
- Fig. 2 a perspective view of the filter device from Fig. 1, comprising a filter housing with an interior filter accommodated therein;
- Fig. 3 a perspective view of the interior filter from Fig. 2 comprising a frame and a filter medium;
- Fig. 5A to 5H different views of an embodiment in which pivotable engagement elements are provided
- Fig. 6 a variant of the filter housing
- Fig. 7A to 7F different views of an embodiment in which linearly movable engagement elements are provided;
- Fig. 8A and 8B embodiments of a frame with engagement elements
- Fig. 9A to 9F different designs using engagement elements that are moved away from each other to establish a locking state
- Fig. 10A to 10E the designs from Fig. 9A to 9F, but with the difference that the engagement elements are moved towards each other;
- Fig. 1 1 a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment
- Fig. 12 Longitudinal section of an embodiment of a multi-stage filter system according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a motor vehicle 1 with an air conditioning system 2, which can be designed as a heating/air conditioning system.
- the air conditioning system 2 takes in outside air 3 and supplies filtered air 4 to a cabin 5 of the motor vehicle 1.
- the air conditioning system 2 comprises a filter device 6 shown in Fig. 2.
- the filter device 6 comprises a filter housing 7 with an interior filter 8 (here also referred to as a "filter element”) accommodated therein, in particular in an exchangeable manner.
- the interior filter 8 is shown in more detail in Fig. 3.
- the interior filter 8 has a filter medium 9 (here also referred to as a "filter medium body"), which is in particular connected all around to a frame 10 (Fig. 3).
- the frame 10 can, for example, comprise side bands 11, 12 and head bands 13, 14.
- the filter medium 9 is shown in isolation in Fig. 4.
- the filter medium 9 is, for example, a filter fleece, filter fabric, filter scrim or filter felt, in particular a needle felt.
- the filter medium 9 can be produced using a meltblown process.
- the filter medium 9 can comprise natural fibers, such as cotton, or synthetic fibers, for example made of polyester, polyphenyl sulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene. During processing, the fibers can be oriented in, obliquely and/or transversely to the machine direction M. The fibers can also be stretched in one spatial direction.
- the filter medium 9 can be designed in one or more layers.
- the filter medium 9 can have folds 15, which typically extend transversely to the machine direction M.
- the folded filter medium 9 is also referred to as a pleat.
- the folds 15 can be created by folding along sharp fold edges 16 (also referred to as "fold tips") or by a wave-shaped design of the filter medium 9.
- a respective fold 15 can be defined by two fold sections 15a, which are connected to one another via a corresponding fold edge 16.
- the fold edges 16 point in or against the flow direction or through-flow direction, which is indicated in Fig. 2 by the arrow L.
- the fold can in particular be designed as a zigzag fold.
- a folding in which the folds 15 have a varying height H is also possible. Furthermore, the distance between the folds 15 can vary so that the distance A1 is not equal to the distance A2.
- the filter medium 9 can be designed to be self-supporting, i.e. the folds 15 are dimensionally stable when the flow through them is as intended during filter operation.
- the filter medium 9 is delimited in the machine direction M by end folds 17, 18. Transversely to this, the filter medium 9 is delimited by fold front edges 19, 20 (also referred to as fold profiles).
- fold front edge refers to the front fold surface which extends between adjacent fold edges 16 of a respective fold 15.
- the filter medium 9 can have a rectangular shape in plan view, i.e. in the plane E of its flat extension. However, a triangular, pentagonal or polygonal, round or oval shape is also conceivable.
- the side bands 11, 12 shown in Fig. 3 are connected to the fold front edges 19, 20, the head bands 13, 14 to the end folds 17, 18, in particular by melting, welding or gluing.
- the side bands 11, 12 and the head bands 13, 14 can form the frame 10 in one piece or in multiple parts.
- the side bands 11, 12 and the head bands 13, 14 can be made, for example, from a particularly flexible fiber material or as particularly rigid plastic injection molded components.
- the frame 10 can be produced by injection molding onto the filter medium 9.
- the filter medium 9 can function as a particle filter and filter out particles, in particular dust, suspended matter or liquid droplets, from the intake air 3.
- the filter medium 9 can function as an odor filter.
- it can have a layer of activated carbon, for example.
- the filter medium 9 can generally be designed to absorb or adsorb certain solid, liquid and/or gaseous substances.
- a seal can be provided between the interior filter 9 and the filter housing 7.
- the seal can, for example, be integrated into the frame 10.
- the frame 10 is at least partially made of a sealing material.
- the seal can be provided as an additional part, for example attached to the frame 10, in particular molded on.
- Such a seal 21 is shown as an example and in detail in Fig. 3.
- Fig. 5A to 5H show a first embodiment.
- Fig. 5A and 5B show a filter element 8 and a filter housing 7 in perspective and separated from each other, i.e. in the non-assembled state. These can be assembled to form a filter device 6 shown in perspective in Fig. 5C, wherein the filter element 8 is detachably fastened in the filter housing 7.
- a side band 11 of the frame 10 - here, for example, closed - is shown with a side surface 22.
- the side surface 22 preferably faces in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction L.
- Two engagement elements 23a, 23b protrude from the side surface 22. This means that in a plan view of the filter element 8, the engagement elements 23a, 23b protrude outwards away from the filter medium 9.
- two further engagement elements are arranged on the side surface of the opposite side band 12. More than two engagement elements can also be provided on one or both side bands 11, 12.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b can each be brought into engagement with an engagement counter element 24a, 24b (Fig. 5B) of the filter housing 7. This then corresponds to the assembled state of the filter device 6, as shown in Fig. 5C.
- the reference lines of the reference numerals 24a, 24b are shown in dashed lines, since they each point to the outside of a projection 25a, 25b (or projection) forming an engagement counter element 24a, 24b on its inside.
- the projections 25a, 25b are formed on a wall 26a of the filter housing 7. Instead of the projections 25a, 25b, it can be provided that the engagement counter elements 24a, 24b are formed in the wall thickness of the wall 26a.
- the engagement counter elements 24c, 24d can be clearly seen, which are provided opposite the engagement counter elements 24a, 24b on a wall 26b of the filter housing 7.
- the walls 26a, 26b can be part of a closed frame of the filter housing 7, which - in the assembled state - completely surrounds the filter element 8 on its circumference lying in its main extension plane H1.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b can be designed symmetrically to the engagement elements not shown in Fig. 5A to 5C, namely with respect to an axis of symmetry SY1 arranged centrally between and parallel to the side bands 11, 12, which also lies in the main extension plane H1 of the filter element 8.
- the engagement counter elements 24a, 24b can also be designed to be mirror-symmetrical to the engagement counter elements 24c, 24d about an axis SY2.
- the axis SY2 is located centrally between and parallel to the walls 26a, 26b and beyond in the main extension plane H2 of the filter housing 7.
- non-symmetrical designs are also conceivable.
- the filter housing 7 can only have the wall 26a.
- the filter element 8 can be fastened to the filter housing 7 on only one side by means of the engagement elements 23a, 23b and the engagement counter-elements 24a, 24b.
- Fig. 5D shows an exploded view of the filter element 8 from Fig. 5A.
- the filter element 8 comprises rigid elements 27a, 27b, which are designed here as separate parts and can be made, for example, from a plastic.
- the rigid elements 27a, 27b are designed as elongated, for example rectangular flat parts.
- the rigid element 27a is attached to the side band 11, the rigid element 27b to the side band 12, for example welded or glued.
- the rigid elements 27a, 27b extend parallel to the respective side bands 11 and 12, respectively.
- the rigid element 27a carries the engagement elements 23a, 23b, the rigid element 27b carries the opposing engagement elements 23c, 23d - here also partially visible. As explained below, using the engagement element 23b as a representative of the other engagement elements, this has a cam shape, for example, although other contours are also conceivable.
- the engagement element 23b is attached to one end - the lower end in Fig. 5D - of an elastic element 28b. At its other end - the upper end in Fig. 5D, the elastic element 28b is attached to a base 29b.
- the base 29b is in turn attached to the rigid element 27a.
- the elastic element 28b is formed, for example, in the form of a flat spring.
- the engagement element 23b, the elastic element 28b, the base 29b and, if applicable, the rigid element 27a can be manufactured as a one-piece component, in particular from plastic and, if applicable, manufactured by injection molding.
- Fig. 5E shows a view VE from Fig. 5D and illustrates that the elastic element 28b extends parallel and at a distance from the side surface 22 (which has been added there compared to Fig. 5D).
- the elastic element 28b can extend parallel or at an acute angle to the flow direction L.
- Fig. 5F which shows a side view of Fig. 5A
- the elastic element 28b allows the engagement element 23b to pivot about the base 29b, as indicated by the double arrow, wherein the force-free starting position (can correspond to the locking state) of the engagement element 23b is shown in solid line and the pivoted-out position (corresponds to the release state) of the engagement element 23b is shown in dashed lines.
- the elastic element 28b is elastically deformed and thereby generates a restoring force RK1.
- the engagement element 23a also shown in Fig. 5F, which is articulated to a base 29a by means of an elastic element 28a.
- the engagement element 23a can be pivoted in the opposite direction to the engagement element 23b.
- the engagement element 23a When pivoting into the swung-out position shown in dashed lines, the engagement element 23a generates a restoring force RK2, which is directed against the restoring force RK1.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b or the corresponding cams have, according to the embodiment, example, away from each other and are mirror-symmetrical to each other with respect to an axis SY3.
- the axis SY3 extends parallel to the flow direction L and divides the side band 11 preferably into two equal halves.
- the restoring forces RK1 and RK2 cause a force flow that leads from the engagement element 23b through the elastic element 28b, through the base 29b, through the rigid element 27a into the base 29b, into the elastic element 28a and into the engagement element 23a.
- the corresponding bending moment caused by the restoring forces RK1, RK2 is completely absorbed in the rigid element 27a, which is why this is a rigid element according to the embodiment.
- the side band 11 does not bend or only bends insignificantly when the filter element 8 is mounted in the housing 9.
- the rigid element 27a has a greater bending stiffness (in other variants additionally or alternatively a greater tensile/compressive stiffness) than the respective elastic element 28a, 28b and than the side band 11.
- the bending stiffness here means a bending stiffness about an axis BA (Fig. 5A) perpendicular to the side surface 22.
- an E-modulus of the rigid element 27a can be greater than an E-modulus of the respective elastic element 28a, 28b and than an E-modulus of the side band 11.
- the pivoted-out position of the engagement elements 23a, 23b shown with a dashed line corresponds in this case to a release state.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b have a first distance D1 from one another.
- Fig. 5G shows a section VG from Fig. 5C.
- Fig. 5G illustrates the locking state in which the engagement elements 23a, 23b are in engagement with the respectively associated engagement counter-element 24a, 24b.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b have a second distance D2 from one another.
- the distance D2 can be smaller or the same as a distance D3 shown in Fig. 5F.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b have the distance D3 in an undeformed (force-free) state of the elastic elements 28a, 28b.
- the undeformed state corresponds to the unassembled state of the filter housing 7 and the filter element 8, i.e. when these are present as separate parts. If the distance D2 is smaller than the distance D3, this means that the engagement elements 23a, 23b rest against the engagement counter elements 24a, 24b with a preload in the locked state.
- Fig. 5H shows a section VH from Fig. 5B.
- the shape of the engagement counter elements 24a, 24b is explained in more detail below with reference to Fig. 5G and 5H.
- These each comprise - as explained with reference to the engagement counter element 24b as a representative of all engagement counter elements of the present embodiment - an insertion section 30b and a locking section 31b, which are formed as a continuous groove in the projection 25b (Fig. 5B).
- the insertion section 30b is, as shown in Fig. 5B, open to an edge 33 (upper in Fig. 5B) of the frame 10. A corresponding opening is designated 34b.
- the insertion section 30b forms an inclined plane 32b (Fig. 5H), which is inclined, for example, at an angle of 5 to 45 degrees to the flow direction L.
- the former When assembling the filter element 8 in the filter housing 7, the former is inserted into the latter - in Fig. 5A and 5b from above. To do this, the engagement elements 23a to 23d are inserted into the respective associated opening 34a to 34d.
- the inclined plane 32b causes the engagement element 23b to pivot from its initial position into its pivoted-out position and finally snaps outward at the end of the inclined plane 32b into an undercut 35b (Fig. 5H) of the locking section 31b, as shown in Fig. 5G.
- the engagement element 23a moves along the inclined plane 32a, which is arranged mirror-symmetrically around an axis of symmetry SY4 to the inclined plane 32b.
- the engagement elements 23a to 23d are all arranged in the respective associated locking sections 31a, 31b (the other locking sections are not referenced here) or locked to them, all six degrees of freedom of the filter element 8 are locked.
- the engagement elements 23a to 23d or at least one of them on each side are brought into the respective pivoted-out position, for example by hand.
- the insertion section 30b and the blocking section 31b themselves are designed symmetrically.
- the inclined plane 32b is opposite another inclined plane 36b, so that the inclined planes 32b, 36b complement each other to form a V-shaped geometry.
- the undercut 35b is opposite another undercut 37b, so that the V-shaped geometry widens again on both sides at its pointed end.
- This variant is advantageous in that it also allows filter elements 8 to be inserted into the filter housing 7, in which the engagement elements 23a, 23b are pivoted away from each other in order to reach the pivoted-out position, i.e. the distance D1 is greater than the distance D2 or D3.
- FIG. 6 shows, in a view corresponding to the view in Fig. 5H, an embodiment in which the insertion section 30b and the locking section 31b are designed asymmetrically.
- inside here means the area between the two engagement counter elements 24a, 24b
- the insertion section 30b and the locking section 31b are each delimited by a straight wall 38b, although this is not necessary and could be designed differently.
- Fig. 7A to 7F show a further embodiment.
- the filter housing 7 here corresponds, for example, to that in Fig. 5B or Fig. 6. Differences arise with regard to the engagement elements 23a, 23b and their connection to the rigid element 27a.
- the views in Fig. 7A to 7D correspond to those in Fig. 5A to 5D.
- Fig. 7E corresponds to the view in Fig. 5G.
- Fig. 7F shows an exploded view of the rigid element 27a.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b are provided here exclusively linearly and in particular parallel to the longitudinal extension direction LE (Fig. 7A) of the side band 11 in order to adjust them between the release state (distance D1 in Fig. 7F) and the blocking state (distance D2 in Fig. 7F and Fig. 7E).
- the rigid element 27a is arranged in a pocket 39 in the side band 11, as shown in Fig. 7D.
- the rigid element 27a can also be glued onto the side band 11.
- the rigid element 27a is designed as a rectangular flat part, for example, and has, as can be seen in Fig. 7F, a rigid section 40 to which two frames 41 a, 41 b are connected in the longitudinal direction LE.
- Each frame 41a, 41d defines a window 42a, 42b on the inside.
- the elastic elements 28a, 28b are designed in a meander shape in this embodiment and are supported at one end 43a, 43b on a frame element 44a, 44b of the respective window 42a, 42b, the respective frame element 44a, 44b facing the rigid section 40.
- the respective elastic element 28a, 28b carries the engagement element 23a, 23b.
- the meander shape extends exclusively in the plane of the respective window 42a, 42b or in the plane of the rigid element 27a to save space and allows the purely linear mobility of the respective engagement element 23a, 23b.
- the respective engagement element 23a, 23b has a guide section 46a, 46b which is guided in a guide counter section 47a, 47b in the respective window 42a, 42b in a linearly displaceable manner.
- Away from the guide section 46a, 46b, the respective engagement element 23a, 23b has a contour, for example triangular, which is designed for engagement in the corresponding locking section 31a, 31b (Fig. 7C).
- the respective window 42a, 42b can be covered or covered by means of a cover plate 49a, 49b.
- the cover plates 49a, 49b are each designed with an opening 50a, 50b which allows the engagement elements 23a, 23b to pass through when the cover plate 49a, 49b is mounted on the rigid element 27a.
- the rigid section 40, the frames 41a, 41b, the elastic elements 28a, 28b and the engagement elements 23a, 23b can be manufactured as a one-piece plastic component, in particular by injection molding.
- Fig. 8A illustrates an embodiment in which the rigid, in particular rigid, element 27a is part of the side band 11, i.e. is integrated into it.
- the side band 11 - at least in the section that extends between the bases 29a, 29b assigned to the engagement elements 23a, 23b - can be made of a rigid plastic material.
- fibers for example carbon and/or aramid fibers, can be integrated into the material of the side band 11 in order to increase its rigidity.
- the frame 10 with the side band 11 is injection molded onto the filter medium 9.
- an additional frame 50 can be provided, as shown in Fig. 8B.
- This has, for example, four frame elements 51 a to 51 d.
- the frame element 51 a forms the rigid element 27a.
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b are attached to its side surface 22.
- the filter medium 9 together with its frame 10 is then connected to the additional frame 50.
- the additional frame 50 can be manufactured beforehand as a separate (e.g. plastic) part, in particular injection molded.
- the frame 50 is molded directly onto the frame 10.
- Fig. 9A to 9F illustrate various embodiments and include embodiments already described above. What these embodiments have in common, as illustrated by Fig. 9A, is that the locking with the locking sections 31a, 31b takes place in that the distance between the engagement elements 23a, 23b increases when moving from the release state to the locking state, i.e. the second distance D2 (locking state) is greater than the first distance D1 (release state).
- the engagement elements 23a, 23b are each provided pivotably and are coupled to their respective associated bases 29a, 29b by means of a rigid element 27a, which is designed as an additional component.
- the bases 29a, 29b are each connected to the side band 11 by means of a plate 52a, 52b, wherein the side band 11 has the rigid element integrated.
- the engagement element 23a is rigid and directly connected to the rigid element 27a, for example, manufactured in one piece with it. This means that the engagement element 23a is not movable with respect to the rigid element 27a or the side band 11.
- the relative mobility to the engagement element 23b is derived from its pivotability due to its articulation to the base 29b by means of the elastic element 28b.
- the rigid element 27a together with the engagement elements 23a, 23b is shown in perspective in Fig. 9E. There it can be seen that the engagement element 23a is designed as a pin which is free at one end and connected to the rigid element 27a at its other end.
- Fig. 10A to 10E correspond to Fig. 9A to 9D and 9F with the difference that the distance between the engagement elements 23a, 23b decreases when moving from the release state to the locking state, i.e. the second distance D2 (locking state) is smaller than the first distance D1 (release state). Accordingly, the restoring forces RK1, RK2 are directed towards each other.
- Fig. 1 1 shows an embodiment of the method in a flow chart.
- a step S1 the filter element 8 is inserted into the filter housing 7.
- a step S2 the engagement elements 23a, 23b are brought into engagement with the corresponding engagement counter-elements 24a, 24b, wherein at least the restoring force RK1 (see, for example, Fig. 9D with an elastic element 28b) or two restoring forces RK1, RK2 (see, for example, Fig. 9B and 5F with two elastic elements 28a, 28b) act. Bending moments or tensile/compressive forces resulting from the restoring forces RK1, RK2 are absorbed in the rigid element 27a, so that preferably the side band 11 does not bend or only bends insignificantly.
- Fig. 12 shows a longitudinal section of a multi-stage filter device 6 according to the invention.
- This comprises a filter element 8 according to the invention and at least one further filter element 81.
- the multi-stage filter device 6 comprises two or more further filter elements 81, 82.
- the at least two filter elements 8, 81, 82 are flowed through in series, for example in the flow direction L.
- At least one of the filter elements 8, 81, 82 can have a gas filter medium comprising at least one adsorbent.
- Another of the filter elements 8, 81, 82 can have a particle filter medium, in particular comprising a HEPA filter medium.
- the multi-stage filter device 6 is particularly suitable for use as an intake air filter of a fuel cell system or as a cabin air filter of a motor vehicle.
- the filter element 8 according to the invention is held in the manner described here via its engagement elements 23a, 23b in corresponding counter-engagement elements of the filter housing 7.
- the housing-side counter-engagement elements are present on a first housing part 71, which provides a receiving space for the filter element 8 according to the invention.
- the first housing part 71 can also provide a receiving space for at least one further filter element 81, 82.
- the filter housing 7 has a second housing part 72, which can in particular be a housing cover.
- the filter element 8 according to the invention is only indirectly sealed from the filter housing 7 via the further filter element 81, in particular via the further filter elements 81, 82.
- a frame 10 of the filter element 8 according to the invention lies sealingly against the second filter element 81, in particular against its frame.
- a seal 21 can be located between them, which can be held, for example, on the filter element 8 according to the invention or on the further filter element 81 or can be inserted loosely.
- the further filter element 81 in turn lies sealingly against a still further filter element 82, which in turn lies sealingly, i.e. directly, on the filter housing 7, in particular on the first housing part 71, via a housing seal 21'.
- the filter device 6 comprises exactly two filter elements, one filter element 8 according to the invention and only one further filter element 81.
- the housing seal 21 ‘ is located between the further filter element 81 and the filter housing 7.
- the seals 21, 21' can in particular be axial seals.
- the filter element 8 according to the invention can in particular be inserted into the housing 7 in such a way that the seals 21 are under prestress.
- a force curve of the sealing force K is shown schematically with arrows.
- the force curve of the sealing force K runs from the engagement of the engagement elements 23a23b of the filter element 8 according to the invention, through the frame of the filter element 8 according to the invention, the seal 21 between the filter element 8 according to the invention and the further filter element 81, the frame of the further filter element 81, the seal between the further filter element 81 and the still further filter element, the frame of the still further filter element 82 up to the housing seal 22, where this finally, as an effective sealing force, causes the still further filter element 82 to be sealed against the housing 7, so that the entirety of the filter elements 8, 81, 82 is indirectly sealed against the housing 7.
- the housing has a housing sealing surface 711 against which the housing seal 21' rests in a sealing manner.
- the housing sealing surface 711 is designed in particular as an axial sealing surface.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022127114.5A DE102022127114A1 (de) | 2022-10-17 | 2022-10-17 | Filterelement, Filtervorrichtung, Fahrzeug, Verwendung und Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2023/072367 WO2024083383A1 (de) | 2022-10-17 | 2023-08-14 | Filterelement, filtervorrichtung, fahrzeug, verwendung und verfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4605108A1 true EP4605108A1 (de) | 2025-08-27 |
Family
ID=87762434
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23758255.6A Pending EP4605108A1 (de) | 2022-10-17 | 2023-08-14 | Filterelement, filtervorrichtung, fahrzeug, verwendung und verfahren |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250229205A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4605108A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120322280A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022127114A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024083383A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20040050022A (ko) * | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 자동차용 실내 공기정화기 |
| DE102007018215A1 (de) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-10-30 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Filterelement mit einem lösbaren Deckel |
| DE102007050850A1 (de) | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Daimler Ag | Innenraumfilter für eine Heizungs- oder Klimaanlage eines Kraftwagens |
| GB2491581A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-12 | Aaf Ltd | Filter assembly |
| DE102013020382A1 (de) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-11 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Innenraumfilter und Filteranordnung |
| DE102020110996A1 (de) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-10-28 | Daimler Ag | Filterelement für eine Luftfiltereinrichtung eines Kraftwagens und Luftfiltereinrichtung |
-
2022
- 2022-10-17 DE DE102022127114.5A patent/DE102022127114A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-08-14 WO PCT/EP2023/072367 patent/WO2024083383A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-08-14 CN CN202380080126.1A patent/CN120322280A/zh active Pending
- 2023-08-14 EP EP23758255.6A patent/EP4605108A1/de active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-04-07 US US19/171,500 patent/US20250229205A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024083383A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 |
| CN120322280A (zh) | 2025-07-15 |
| US20250229205A1 (en) | 2025-07-17 |
| DE102022127114A1 (de) | 2024-04-18 |
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