EP4572720A1 - Refraktives chirurgisches lasersystem und verfahren zum ermitteln eines abstands zwischen einem kontaktglas und einem patientenauge - Google Patents
Refraktives chirurgisches lasersystem und verfahren zum ermitteln eines abstands zwischen einem kontaktglas und einem patientenaugeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4572720A1 EP4572720A1 EP23757229.2A EP23757229A EP4572720A1 EP 4572720 A1 EP4572720 A1 EP 4572720A1 EP 23757229 A EP23757229 A EP 23757229A EP 4572720 A1 EP4572720 A1 EP 4572720A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact glass
- eye
- patient
- distance
- laser system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting in contact-lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
- A61F9/009—Auxiliary devices making contact with the eyeball and coupling in laser light, e.g. goniolenses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting in contact-lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/008—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser
- A61F9/00825—Methods or devices for eye surgery using laser for photodisruption
- A61F9/00827—Refractive correction, e.g. lenticle
Definitions
- a method for determining a distance between a contact lens and a patient's eye a method for determining a speed of a contact lens relative to a patient's eye, a method for preparing a refractive surgical treatment of a patient's eye using a laser system, a method for at least partially automated docking of a Contact glass to a patient's eye, a use of image information captured by a contact glass of an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of a
- Patient's eye for determining the distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye, a control unit, and refractive surgical laser system with a contact lens.
- the embodiments are therefore particularly in the field of refractive surgery and laser systems for this purpose.
- the user In a refractive surgical procedure using a femtosecond laser or an excimer laser or a solid-state laser, the user, such as the doctor, conventionally has to dock a contact lens of the laser system to the patient's eye at the beginning of the laser treatment. This serves to correctly center the laser system relative to the patient's eye, which is necessary for the success of the refractive surgical procedure.
- the user can use a joystick to control the distance of the contact lens to the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact lens (referred to as z coordinate) and the lateral position in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the contact lens (referred to as xy coordinates).
- the xy position can be identified automatically via detection and marking of the center of the pupil or via a positioning target relative to the center of the pupil and can be displayed to the user using a computer and a display element in order to assist the user of the laser system in determining the xy position of the to support contact glass.
- a method is described, for example, in the publication WO 2021/239605 A1.
- a method for determining a distance between a contact lens and a patient's eye includes capturing image information of an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye through the contact glass and determining a lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass perpendicular to an optical axis of the contact glass in the image information. Furthermore, the method includes determining the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass based on the certain lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information.
- a method for determining a speed of a contact lens relative to a patient's eye includes determining a distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye by means of a method according to one of the preceding claims at a first time and at a second time.
- the method includes determining a time period between the first time and the second time, as well as determining the speed of the contact glass relative to the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass based on the determined distances of the contact glass from the patient's eye and the determined time period.
- a method for preparing a refractive surgical treatment of a patient's eye using a laser system includes determining a distance between a contact lens of the laser system and the patient's eye according to a method according to the disclosure, as well as outputting information regarding the determined distance to a user of the laser system.
- a method for at least partially automated docking of a contact lens to a patient's eye includes repeatedly determining a distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact lens using a method according to the disclosure. Alternatively or additionally, the method includes repeatedly determining a speed of the contact glass relative to the patient's eye using a method according to the disclosure.
- the method includes approaching the contact lens to the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact lens and regulating the distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye and/or regulating the speed of the contact lens relative to the patient's eye Patient's eye based on the repeatedly determined distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye and / or based on the repeatedly determined speed of the contact lens relative to the patient's eye.
- image information recorded by a contact glass of an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of a patient's eye is used to determine the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass and / or to determine a speed of the contact glass relative to the Patient eye provided along the optical axis of the contact lens.
- a refractive surgical laser system with a contact lens includes an image capture unit which is set up to capture image information of an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye through the contact glass.
- the laser system includes a control unit which is set up to determine a lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass perpendicular to an optical axis of the contact glass in the image information and to determine a distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass based on the determined to determine the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information.
- a therapeutic and/or diagnostic system can be set up to be coupled to a patient's eye using a contact lens.
- the system includes an image capture unit which is set up to capture image information of an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye through the contact glass.
- the system includes a control unit which is set up to ensure a lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass perpendicularly to determine an optical axis of the contact glass in the image information and to determine a distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass based on the specific lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information.
- a contact lens is a contact element that is used to fix the patient's eye to the laser system for carrying out a refractive surgical treatment.
- the contact glass does not necessarily have to be made of glass, but can also be made of another suitable material.
- the contact glass can in particular be made of a material that is transparent to the laser radiation.
- the contact glass can be designed such that the acquisition of the image information from the optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye is at least partially transmitted through the contact glass.
- Image information can include an image which, for example, includes a reflection on a surface of the patient's eye.
- the convex surface of the patient's eye can be used as a convex mirror in order to capture image information from an underside of the contact glass, ie from that side of the contact glass that faces the patient's eye, through the contact glass. Focusing, ie sharpening the image, does not necessarily have to take place. Rather, it may be sufficient if outlines of the contact glass or part of the contact glass are visible in the image information in order to determine its lateral extent in the image information.
- an optical reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye can include an image of the underside of the contact glass via a convex surface of the patient's eye, with the image capture taking place through the contact glass.
- the image information can then be presented in the form of electronic image data, which can optionally be evaluated using computer-aided image evaluation in order to determine the lateral extent of the contact glass in the image information.
- the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information is a measure of the one angular range and/or spatial area that the reflection of the contact glass occupies in the determined image information. This does not necessarily require that the actual, physical lateral expansion of the contact glass must be clearly determinable.
- the specific lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information changes in a predetermined manner with the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye and if the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information corresponds to a qualitative one and/or quantitative information about the distance can be obtained.
- the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information can scale indirectly in proportion to the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye.
- the lateral expansion of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information can take place in such a way that the expansion of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information occurs independently of a sharpness or focusing of the image of the optical reflection of the contact glass.
- the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye can represent a distance between an underside of the contact glass facing the patient's eye and the cornea of the patient's eye.
- the underside of the contact glass can be adapted and intended to come into mechanical contact with the patient's eye during docking and to fix it for the refractive surgical treatment.
- the preparation of a refractive surgical treatment of a patient's eye using a laser system can include bringing about a condition that is necessary for carrying out the treatment.
- the preparation can include docking the contact lens to the patient's eye.
- the fact that some process steps are carried out repeatedly can mean that these process steps are carried out several times.
- the implementation can take place at regular and/or irregular intervals. In particular, the implementation can be carried out continuously, for example several times per second, so that current information about the distance and/or the speed of the contact lens relative to the patient's eye can always be provided.
- a refractive surgical laser system can be a laser system that can be used to carry out refractive surgical treatment on a patient's eye.
- a laser system can be designed as a femtosecond laser system.
- the laser system can be suitable for carrying out a procedure for removing a lenticule from a patient's eye according to a SMILE procedure.
- SMILE stands for Small Incision Lenticle Extraction.
- the laser system can be designed as or include an excimer laser system or a solid-state laser system. The laser system can be designed to change the refractive effect of the patient's eye by ablating part of the cornea.
- the docking process is at least partially automated means that the process can be carried out in a partially automated or completely automated manner. If carried out completely automatically, the method can optionally be carried out by the laser system without any further action on the part of the user, whereby the user can always optionally have the option of intervening in order to make changes and/or stop the docking if desired. If carried out in a partially automated manner, the docking can be carried out at least partially by the laser system and involve user intervention. For example, carrying out a movement of the contact glass can be carried out by a continuous The user input is controlled, but the choice of speed and termination of the movement are triggered by the laser system.
- a surface of the patient's eye can be formed by a surface of the cornea and/or a moisture film on the cornea. These offer the advantage that a particularly bright reflection can be generated. Alternatively or additionally, however, reflections at other boundary layers in the patient's eye can also be used, such as higher-order Purkinje reflexes.
- the above-mentioned methods can be computer-implemented methods, i.e. one, several or all steps of the method can be carried out by a data processing device or a computer.
- the disclosure offers the advantage that docking of the contact lens of the laser system can be partially or completely automated and/or a user of the laser system can be offered support when approaching the contact lens and/or when docking the contact lens to the patient's eye. Since the correct docking of the contact lens to the patient's eye is of great importance for the correct implementation of a refractive surgical procedure on the patient's eye, the reliability of the procedure can be increased and the risk of incorrect treatment due to incorrect docking can be reduced.
- the disclosure offers the advantage that the requirements for the skill and/or experience and/or training of the user of the laser system can be reduced. This means that the effort required to train the user to correctly operate the laser system can be reduced. Furthermore, the disclosure offers the advantage that the support provided when docking the contact lens to the patient's eye or even automated docking can shorten the time required for docking and, accordingly, the time required for the entire treatment. This can reduce the burden on the patient. In addition, the productivity of the laser system can be increased because a larger number of treatments can be carried out in the same amount of time.
- the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information can be a measure of an angular range and/or a spatial area which the reflection of the contact glass occupies in the image information.
- the specific lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information can be indirectly proportional to the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass. This can offer the advantage that a quantitative relationship can be established between the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information and the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass.
- the contact glass can optionally have a light source and can be set up to provide a light pattern using the light source.
- determining the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass perpendicular to the optical axis of the contact glass in the image information can include determining the lateral extent of the light pattern in the image information.
- the light pattern can increase the brightness of the contact glass and accordingly improve the visibility of the reflection of the contact glass from a surface of the patient's eye. This makes it possible to improve the reliability of the determination of the lateral extent of the reflection of the contact glass in the image information.
- the light source for providing the light pattern and/or the contact glass can be designed in such a way that the light pattern identifies an outline or an outer boundary and/or a border of the contact glass and optionally an underside of the contact glass.
- the light pattern provided by the light source can be arranged directly on and/or in direct proximity to the outer boundary of the underside of the light pattern. This can offer the advantage that detection of the lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass perpendicular to an optical axis of the contact glass in the image information is simplified, since the light pattern optionally enables a higher contrast of the optical reflection of the contact glass in the image information than a contact glass without light pattern.
- the lateral extent of the reflection of the contact glass in the image information can optionally be determined.
- a lateral extent of the light pattern in the image information can be proportional to the extent of the reflection of the contact glass in the image information and/or equal to the extent of the reflection of the contact glass in the image information.
- the lateral extent of the light pattern in the image information can correspond to a distance between two predetermined points and/or elements of the light pattern.
- the lateral extent can be determined based on a side length and/or a line width and/or a diameter of the light pattern.
- the respective center of the predetermined point and/or element and/or the point of maximum brightness of the predetermined points and/or elements can optionally be used for the predetermined points and/or elements used, in order to avoid any blurring of the light pattern in the image information to be able to reliably determine the lateral extent. Determining a distance between two separate elements of the light pattern can optionally offer the advantage that the lateral expansion in the image information can occur reliably even if the light pattern is present in the image information out of focus.
- a line and/or a corner can optionally be used as a predetermined element and/or an intersection point and/or a center point of the light pattern may be selected.
- the light source can form a component of the contact glass and/or otherwise have a fixed positional relationship relative to the contact glass.
- the contact glass and/or the light source can be designed in such a way that when the contact glass is moved, the light source moves with the contact glass and the distance between the light source and the patient's eye changes in the same way as the distance between the contact glass and the patient's eye.
- moving the contact glass is generally understood to mean bringing about a relative movement between the contact glass and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact glass. This relative movement can alternatively or additionally also be achieved by moving the patient or the patient's eye.
- the light source has a fixed spatial relationship to the contact glass means that the position of the contact glass and optionally the position of the central axis of the contact glass can be clearly determined from the position of the light source.
- the light source is arranged directly in and/or on the contact glass.
- the light source is at least partially annular and surrounds the contact glass at least partially in the circumferential direction.
- the light pattern of such a light source can be in the form of a light ring, with the center of the light ring optionally lying on the central axis of the contact glass.
- the light source has a fixed spatial relationship to the contact glass means that the position of the contact glass and optionally the position of the central axis of the contact glass can be clearly determined from the position of the light source.
- the light source is arranged directly in and/or on the contact glass.
- the light source is at least partially annular and surrounds the contact glass at least partially in the circumferential direction.
- the light pattern of such Light source can be in the form of a light ring, with the center of the light ring optionally lying on the central axis of the contact glass.
- the light pattern can be a geometric arrangement of light, which can be seen in the image information of the reflection of the contact glass through the contact glass.
- the light pattern is designed in such a way that information about the distance of the contact lens from the patient's eye can be derived from a lateral extent of the light pattern in the image information.
- the fact that the light pattern is imaged via a reflection on the surface of the eye means that the beam path of the light is folded during the optical imaging on the surface of the eye.
- the curved surface of the eye optionally acts as an imaging optical element in the manner of a convex mirror.
- the lateral extent of the light source can have a fixed ratio to the lateral extent of the contact glass.
- the light source can optionally be designed such that the light pattern identifies an outline and/or an outer boundary and/or a border of an underside of the contact glass. This can make it easier to assign the lateral extent of the contact glass to the lateral extent of the light pattern.
- Determining the lateral extent of the light pattern in the image information may include determining a distance between two predetermined points and/or elements of the light pattern. This can allow simple evaluation of the image information.
- the predetermined points and/or elements may optionally be predetermined as a respective center of a predetermined point and/or element and/or as a point of maximum brightness of the predetermined point and/or element. This can allow easy identification of the predetermined points and/or elements in the image information. This can also be an optional advantage offer that even if the image of the light pattern is blurred or not completely focused, the predetermined points and / or elements in the image information can be reliably determined.
- the light pattern can comprise a ring and/or a polygon and/or a grid or can be designed as such.
- an annular light source can surround an outer contour of the underside of the contact glass, so that the outer contour of the underside of the contact glass can be recognized based on the light pattern. This offers the advantage that the optical reflection of the underside of the contact glass is particularly easy to see.
- the light pattern can optionally be provided in the spectral range of visible light and/or in the range of infrared light.
- a light pattern made of visible light offers the advantage that its reflection can be seen by the human eye without any aids.
- the captured image information can be output directly to the user via a display element so that the user can recognize the reflection of the light pattern and use it to prepare for the surgical procedure, for example for docking.
- a light pattern of infrared light which is not visible to the patient, can offer the advantage that the patient is not irritated by the incident light pattern.
- a sensor such as a camera, can be used to capture the image information, which can still capture the infrared light pattern.
- Outputting the information regarding the determined distance to the user may include displaying a graphic indicator using a display element.
- the graphic indicator can allow the user to read and/or estimate the distance.
- the determined information about the distance and/or the relative speed between the contact lens and the patient's eye is presented to the user in a simple and intuitive manner, so that the user can use this when carrying out a manual docking process and/or when monitoring a automated docking process.
- information regarding the distance and/or the speed can be output in the form of an acoustic signal.
- the acoustic signal can optionally indicate the distance using a pitch, as is common, for example, with a parking aid in the automotive sector. This offers the advantage that the user does not have to direct his gaze at a display element to perceive the information.
- the graphic indicator can have a bar display with a variable level, the level of the bar display indicating the determined distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact lens. This provides the user with information about the distance and/or speed in an easy-to-understand manner.
- the laser system can be set up to repeatedly determine the distance and, optionally, to repeatedly determine a speed of the contact lens relative to the patient's eye.
- the laser system can be set up to continuously determine the distance, optionally the speed. This may provide the ability to provide constantly updated distance and/or speed information and for use by the user for ongoing use during manual docking and/or ongoing monitoring of automated docking.
- the laser system can include a display element and can be set up to output information regarding the determined distance to a user of the laser system by means of the display element.
- the laser system can further have a positioning unit for positioning the contact glass along the optical axis of the contact glass.
- the laser system can also be set up to automatically approach the contact lens to the patient's eye using the positioning unit and to regulate positioning of the contact lens by the positioning unit based on the repeatedly determined distance and/or the repeatedly determined speed.
- the speed at which the positioning unit approaches the contact lens to the patient's eye can be regulated by a control unit.
- the refractive surgical laser system can also be set up to automatically dock the contact lens to the patient's eye.
- the laser system can have one or more movable pivoting arms, which can be referred to as robot arms.
- the pivot arms can form part of the positioning unit.
- the contact glass can be attached to one of the swivel arms, whereby the patient's eye can be positioned at least partially by means of the swivel arm.
- the laser system can be set up to move and position the contact glass in three spatial directions using the swivel arm.
- the laser system can optionally have a surgical microscope, which is arranged on a further swivel arm and can be moved in three spatial directions by means of this.
- the contact glass can be removed from the patient's eye using the associated swivel arm, so that there is enough space for positioning the surgical microscope using the associated swivel arm. This offers the possibility of flexibly positioning the contact glass and/or the surgical microscope relative to the patient's eye without absolutely requiring the patient's bed to be positioned.
- the method and the laser system can be designed in such a way that a graphic indicator in the form of a bar graph indicates a relative distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye.
- the bar display does not show absolute distances, but is only a relative measure for the user's orientation.
- the light source can be designed as a ring lighting that surrounds the contact glass.
- the height of the bar's fill level, Hßar can then result from the following ratio:
- the method and the laser system can be designed in such a way that a graphic indicator in the form of a bar display indicates an absolute distance between the contact lens and the patient's eye.
- the calculation of the absolute distance is particularly advantageous for automated docking and can optionally be derived analytically based on considerations for imaging on a concave mirror.
- the curvature of the cornea is taken into account, which can be described with the Rcv (Radius of Curvature).
- the Rcv (Radius of Curvature) of the cornea can be determined by averaging two corneal radii of curvature, which belong to the two corneal meridians that are determined as part of a refractive planning of the procedure.
- the functional relationship Z(DCGR) then results as follows: with
- Rcv g - — where the parameters indicate the following: z: distance between contact lens and eye
- the relationship between the diameter of the reflection of the contact glass in the image information and the distance of the contact glass from the patient's eye can optionally be determined empirically using a model eye.
- this relationship Z(DCGR) can be determined by calibrating a human model eye.
- several value pairs/support points Zj(D(CGR,i)) are measured using service software and preferably stored in a look-up table.
- the relationship z(DCGR) can then be determined by interpolating the value pairs Zj(D(CGR,i)).
- the value pairs are approximated with a fit function (e.g. with a least square Optimization method), where the function was determined from the analytical context Z(DCGR), with the optimization parameters (a, b)
- different test eyes with different Rcv optionally with different moistening of the cornea (e.g. with water) and optionally with different room brightnesses to determine the value pairs are used for the calibration.
- This can be advantageous because the scattering of the back-reflected light from the cornea, and thus the precision of the determination of DCGR, can depend on the moisture status of the eye and also on the Rcv.
- All recorded data points can then optionally be used to determine the function Z(DCGR).
- separate Z(DCGR) functions can also be determined for one, some or all of the humidity level, Rcv and/or brightness level factors.
- the brightness level can then optionally be determined using an optional light-sensitive sensor on the laser system and/or on the contact glass and/or in the treatment room and based on this corresponding Z(DCGR) can be selected.
- the humidity of the patient's eye can optionally also be estimated from the data from the light sensor.
- the corneal radius of curvature Rcv can be determined from refractive planning parameters provided for the planned treatment, optionally as the average of the radii of curvature of the two corneal meridians.
- a method for automated docking can involve an acceptance criterion, which can be used to assess whether carrying out the automated method is advisable or not.
- a radial intensity distribution l(r) can be used as the decision criterion, which can be approximated by a normal distribution at one or more angular positions Phi.
- the contact glass reflex can be used to determine the DCGR, i.e. whether a signal quality is considered sufficient for determining the distance and speed or not. If sufficient signal quality is not determined, the eye can optionally be re-moistened and/or the room brightness can be changed to improve the signal quality.
- a maximum speed can be specified for the speed at which the contact lens is approached to the patient's eye, particularly in the case of automated docking but optionally also in the case of manual docking be. This may be done for safety reasons to avoid impact and associated injury to the patient's eye.
- the maximum speed in the z direction can optionally be 10 mm/s and optionally 5 mm/s.
- the speed can be selected in two stages, meaning that two different speeds are specified, from which one speed is selected at any time.
- the speed of the contact lens relative to the patient's eye along the optical axis of the contact lens which is referred to as v(z) can optionally be regulated differently in two time intervals.
- the first time interval can relate to a first approach phase in which the distance is greater than a predetermined threshold value ZT, i.e. z > z T .
- the second time interval relates to a second approach phase in which the distance is smaller than the threshold value, i.e. z ⁇ z T (T for threshold).
- the threshold value ZT can optionally be 3 mm.
- the speed can be reduced as the distance Z(DCGR) decreases, where Z(DCGR) was determined purely analytically and/or based on a calibration. Reducing the speed can be advantageous from a safety perspective in order to reduce the risk of a collision between the patient's eye and the contact lens.
- the speed can optionally be reduced to a minimum value (plateau), which can be selected so that safe and rapid docking is ensured in the second docking phase.
- the functional connection can then result from:
- the constants a, b are optionally real numbers between 1 and 10.
- the constant c is optionally a real number between 0.5 and 3.
- the method can also include decentering compensation.
- the correct centering of the optical axis of the laser with respect to the eye can be advantageous.
- an optional approximation of a round contact glass reflection as a circle can be accompanied by a loss of accuracy, since elliptical distortions can occur (see FIGS. 10A and 10B in the publication WO 2021/239605 A1).
- an inherently round contact glass reflection can be approximated as an ellipse and the degree of decentration can be measured using an eccentricity £.
- the scanners of the laser of the laser system can then be adjusted in xy in such a way that the eccentricity falls below a predetermined limit value, e.g. 0.1.
- the speed v(z) can optionally be reduced or set to less than or equal to zero (v(z) ⁇ 0) to avoid a collision with the patient's eye.
- Decentering with elliptical distortion can also occur if the contact lens is not centered on the corneal vertex (C_V), but rather based on the center of the pupil or another point (see WO 2021/239605 A1).
- the contact glass reflection can be approximated as an ellipse and the double semi-major axis can be used instead of DCGR for the Z(DCGR) calculation.
- the contact lens can be auto-centered relative to the patient's eye, i.e. the contact lens can be positioned in the xy plane.
- a decentering compensation can optionally be carried out fully automatically and at least partially in parallel with the change in speed v(z) and can be achieved by adjusting the scanner of the laser system in xy.
- v(z) can optionally be automatically reduced or v(z) ⁇ 0 can be set.
- the pupil can be used, especially for small distances z, since it can then be seen clearly and the contact glass reflex optionally disappears from the captured image or the image information.
- the docking further includes a contact phase in which mechanical contact is established between the contact lens and the patient's eye.
- the water miniscus (tear film) of the patient's eye which spreads upon contact between the edge of the contact lens and the cornea, can be taken into account and used as a signal for the presence of contact.
- the speed v(z) ⁇ 0 can be set to less than zero, i.e.
- the contact lens can be removed from the eye, or reduced to a value v(z) > 0 and a new contact attempt can be made.
- the contact glass can be mounted in the applicator or in the laser system in such a way that it can give way when it comes into contact with the eye in order to avoid damage to the eye due to excessive pressure. During this yielding, the contact glass can move in the z direction relative to the applicator by a distance s. By definition, z ⁇ 0 applies to all z positions of the contact glass on this distance.
- a signal can optionally be triggered by an optionally installed light barrier or a sensor, and the speed v(z) ⁇ 0 is set less than zero so that the contact lens moves away from the eye and is moved to a z position 0 > z > ST.
- the reflection of the contact glass can also be used without a light pattern.
- a different light patterns can be used, such as a dot pattern and/or Placido rings. A method using Placido rings as light patterns will be discussed below as an example.
- a diameter is determined for one, some or more of the Placido rings irradiated as light patterns. This should be designated as an example of the i-th Placido ring with the index i.
- a diameter DCGRJ is determined and a distance Zi(DcGRj) is determined using an analytical formula or calibration. For safety reasons, the minimum of the distances and the maximum of the speed are always used for a bar display of the distance and a determination of the speed v(z) if several different distances are determined.
- the eccentricity £ of several Placido rings can be used (with ellipse approximation).
- the Placido rings can also be used to precisely determine the corneal radius of curvature Rcv of the patient's eye. If necessary, the corneal surface can also be approximated by an asphere with several different corneal radii of curvature R_CV, which are then used to calculate Z(DCGR).
- the method for determining the distance can include calculating some or all positions x f (z) of the center points of the reflected points. In addition, a comparison with known positions can be made the centers of a point light source on the contact glass. Additionally, the method may include calculating a summed distance of all n-point pairs:
- the bar display of the graphical indicator then results in:
- FIG. 1A and 1B show a schematic representation of a refractive surgical laser system according to optional embodiments
- Fig. 2 is a schematic sketch of the relative arrangement of the contact glass to the patient's eye
- FIG. 7A and 7B image information and output information to the user according to an optional embodiment.
- the same or similar elements in the various embodiments are designated with the same reference numerals for the sake of simplicity.
- Figure 1 A shows a schematic representation of a refractive surgical laser system 10 for carrying out refractive surgical treatments of a patient's eye 12 of a patient 14 according to an optional embodiment.
- the laser system 10 has a contact glass 16, by means of which the laser system 10 is coupled to the patient's eye 12.
- the patient 14 is arranged lying on a couch 15 so that his gaze is directed upwards and the laser system 10 can contact and fix the patient's eye 12 vertically from above by means of the contact glass 16.
- the laser system 10 has a femtosecond laser 17, which is integrated into the laser system 10.
- the laser beam provided by the femtosecond laser 17 is used for the refractive surgical treatment of the patient's eye 12 of the patient 14 and can be applied to the eye 12 through the contact glass 16.
- the laser system 10 may alternatively include an excimer laser or a solid-state laser.
- the device can represent a therapeutic and/or diagnostic system for examining and/or treating a patient's eye.
- the laser system 10 has a display element 18, by means of which the user of the laser system 10 or the doctor is shown an image of the eye 12 of the patient 14 to be treated as well as an image of a light source 23 arranged on the contact glass 16 via a reflection on the surface of the eye 12 can be displayed.
- the image of the patient's eye 12 to be displayed takes place through the contact glass 16, for example by means of a digital video camera (not shown) which is integrated into the laser system 10.
- the image of the eye captured by the digital video camera can then optionally be output by the display element 18 together with superimposed virtual markings, so that the doctor or user of the laser system 10 can check the eye 12 to be treated and in particular its positioning relative to the contact lens 16.
- the laser system 10 is designed in such a way that a relative movement of the patient 14 to the contact glass and/or to the laser system 10 can be brought about.
- the laser system 10 can have a positioning unit 21, for example.
- the relative movement can include a lateral relative movement, i.e. perpendicular to the optical axis of the contact glass 16, in order to assume a suitable positioning of the contact glass for the refractive surgical treatment of the patient's eye 12, and also in the longitudinal direction, i.e. along the optical axis of the contact glass, by the distance between contact glass 16 and eye 12 and in particular to fix the contact glass 16 on the eye 12 and to detach it from the eye 12.
- the patient can be moved vertically using the couch 15.
- the laser system 10 has an image capture unit 20, which is set up to capture image information of an optical reflection of the contact glass 16 from a surface of the patient's eye through the contact glass 16.
- the laser system 10 has a control unit 19, which is set up to determine a lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass 16 perpendicular to an optical axis of the contact glass 16 in the image information and to determine a distance between the contact glass 16 and the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis of the contact glass 16 based on the specific lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass 16 in the image information.
- the control unit 19 can be connected to the image capture unit 20 so that the Image information received from the image capture unit 20 can be transmitted to the control unit 19.
- the laser system 10 is also set up to repeatedly determine the distance and, optionally, to repeatedly determine a speed of the contact lens 16 relative to the patient's eye 12.
- the laser system 10 is set up to output information regarding the determined distance to a user of the laser system by means of the display element 18.
- the display element can be designed as a computer display or include one.
- the display element 18 can have one or more loudspeakers in order to output the information regarding the distance to the user as an acoustic signal.
- the laser system 10 also has a positioning unit for positioning the contact glass 16 along the optical axis of the contact glass 16, which can be integrated into the laser system 10 and can form an integral part of the laser system 10.
- the control unit 19 can be connected to the positioning unit for this purpose, the laser system 10 also being set up to automatically approach the contact glass 16 to the patient's eye 12 and to position the contact glass 16 by means of the repeatedly determined distance and/or the repeatedly determined speed Positioning unit to regulate. This makes the laser system 10 capable of automatically moving the contact glass 16 along the optical axis of the contact glass 16 and docking it onto the patient's eye 12.
- the contact glass 16 also has a light source 22, by means of which a light pattern can be emitted and provided in the direction of the patient's eye 12. This can increase the visibility of the contact glass 16 in the reflection on the cornea, which is collected by the contact glass 16 and then by the Image capture unit 20 is captured, improve and thus increase the reliability and accuracy of the distance determination.
- the light source 22 can be arranged around the lower edge of the contact glass, so that the light source provides an annular light pattern.
- the light source is firmly connected to the contact glass or forms part of it. Thus, when the contact glass 16 is moved, the light source 22 also moves at the same time.
- the lateral extent of the light source 16 has a fixed ratio to the lateral extent of the contact glass 16.
- the light pattern can optionally have a ring and/or a polygon and/or a grid or the like.
- the light pattern can be provided in the spectral range of visible light and/or in the range of infrared light.
- Figure 1 B shows a refractive surgical laser system 10 according to a further optional embodiment.
- This differs in particular from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A in that it has a pivoting device 24, by means of which one of several pivot arms 26 can be positioned in order to examine and/or treat the patient's eye 12.
- the unit of the refractive surgical laser system 10 which is used for the refractive surgical treatment of the patient's eye 12 and which has the contact glass 16 for docking with the patient's eye 12 is arranged on one of the pivot arms 26.
- a surgical microscope 28 is arranged on the other swivel arm 26, which can be swiveled towards the patient's eye 12 in order to examine the patient's eye 12. This can be done when the other pivot arm is pivoted away from the patient's eye.
- Figure 2 shows schematically a relative arrangement of a contact glass 16 of a laser system 10 and a patient's eye 12.
- the underside 16a of the contact glass 16 which faces the patient's eye, is curved in order to be able to make the largest possible contact with the cornea 12a of the eye 12 .
- the contact glass is arranged at a distance from the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis 1000 of the contact glass.
- the distance is shown as 1002 and denotes the distance between the underside 16a of the contact glass 16 on the optical axis 1000 with the intersection of the cornea 12a with the optical axis 1000.
- Arrow 1004 indicates the possible direction of movement for increasing and reducing the distance 1002 along the optical axis 1000, which is referred to as up and down.
- the method 300 includes, in step 302, acquiring image information of an optical reflection of the contact glass 16 from a surface of the patient's eye 12 through the contact glass 16.
- Step 304 of the method 300 includes determining a lateral extent of the optical reflection of the contact glass 16 perpendicular to an optical axis 1000 of the contact glass 116 in the image information. This may include determining the lateral extent of the light pattern provided by the light source 22 in the image information.
- the method 400 includes determining the speed of the contact lens 16 relative to the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis 1000 of the contact lens 16 based on the determined distances 1002 of the contact lens from the patient's eye 12 and the determined time period.
- the method 500 further includes, in step 504, outputting information regarding the determined distance 1002 to a user of the laser system 10.
- Outputting the information regarding the determined distance 1002 to the user can include displaying a graphic indicator by means of the display element 18, where the graphic indicator allows the user to read and/or estimate the distance 1002.
- the graphic indicator 24 (see Figure 8) can have a bar display with a variable level, the level of the bar display being the determined distance between the contact glass 16 and the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis 1000 of the contact glass 16.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a method 600 for at least partially automated docking of a contact lens 16 to a patient's eye 12.
- the method 600 includes repeatedly determining a distance 1002 between the contact glass 16 and the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis 1000 of the contact glass 16 by means of a method as described with reference to FIG. 3.
- the method 600 includes, in a step 604, a repeated determination of a speed of the contact glass 16 relative to the patient's eye 12 by means of a method as described with reference to FIG. 4.
- step 606 the method 600 includes approaching the contact lens 16 to the patient's eye 12 along the optical axis 1000 of the contact lens 16.
- the control unit 16 can be set up to control a refractive surgical laser system 10 with a contact glass 16 to carry out one of the methods mentioned above.
- FIG. 7A and 7B also show, in addition to the reproduction of the image information, a graphic indicator 710, which indicates the distance of the contact lens 16 from the patient's eye 12.
- the graphic indicator 710 is designed as a bar display, with the “filling height” of the bar representing a measure of the determined distance 1002 between the contact lens 16 and the patient's eye 12. The higher the filling height of the bar, the greater the distance determined. Therefore, in Figure 7A, due to the larger distance 1002, the filling height of the bar is greater than in Figure 7B with a small distance 1002.
- the graphic indicator 710 can make it easier for the user of the laser system to control and/or monitor the distance 1002 and/or the docking process .
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Laser Surgery Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022121079.0A DE102022121079A1 (de) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Refraktives chirurgisches lasersystem und verfahren zum ermitteln eines abstands zwischen einem kontaktglas und einem patientenauge |
| PCT/EP2023/072262 WO2024037977A1 (de) | 2022-08-19 | 2023-08-10 | Refraktives chirurgisches lasersystem und verfahren zum ermitteln eines abstands zwischen einem kontaktglas und einem patientenauge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4572720A1 true EP4572720A1 (de) | 2025-06-25 |
Family
ID=87695892
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23757229.2A Pending EP4572720A1 (de) | 2022-08-19 | 2023-08-10 | Refraktives chirurgisches lasersystem und verfahren zum ermitteln eines abstands zwischen einem kontaktglas und einem patientenauge |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4572720A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022121079A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024037977A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8398236B2 (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2013-03-19 | Alcon Lensx, Inc. | Image-guided docking for ophthalmic surgical systems |
| EP2913036A1 (de) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | Nidek co., Ltd. | Ophthalmische laserchirurgievorrichtung und bewegungseinrichtung mit augapfelfixierabschnitt und darin verwendete augapfelfixiereinheit |
| JP6524609B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-31 | 2019-06-05 | 株式会社ニデック | 眼科用レーザ手術装置 |
| WO2016061547A1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-21 | Optimedica Corporation | Automatic patient positioning within a laser eye surgery system |
| DE102015008217A1 (de) | 2015-06-29 | 2016-12-29 | Precitec Optronik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Position und der Lage eines Auges |
| CA3037296A1 (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2018-03-22 | Optimedica Corporation | Systems for opthalmic measurements and laser surgery and systems for surgical planning based thereon |
| WO2021239605A1 (de) | 2020-05-24 | 2021-12-02 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Uv-laser basiertes system zur fehlsichtigkeitskorrektur und verfahren zu dessen zentrierung |
| CA3185731A1 (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Mario Abraham | System for aligning an eye with a patient interface of an ophthalmic laser device |
| DE102020212850A1 (de) | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-14 | Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag | Verfahren zur Zentrierung eines Kontaktglases und refraktives chirurgisches Lasersystem |
-
2022
- 2022-08-19 DE DE102022121079.0A patent/DE102022121079A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-08-10 EP EP23757229.2A patent/EP4572720A1/de active Pending
- 2023-08-10 WO PCT/EP2023/072262 patent/WO2024037977A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022121079A1 (de) | 2024-02-22 |
| WO2024037977A1 (de) | 2024-02-22 |
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Inventor name: WEYHAUSEN, ANDREAS Inventor name: LEHNORT, MARCO Inventor name: GRAU, JAN Inventor name: REINSTEIN, DAN Z. |