EP4555233A1 - Sperrvorrichtung, elektromotor-antriebseinheit und fahrzeug - Google Patents
Sperrvorrichtung, elektromotor-antriebseinheit und fahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP4555233A1 EP4555233A1 EP23738693.3A EP23738693A EP4555233A1 EP 4555233 A1 EP4555233 A1 EP 4555233A1 EP 23738693 A EP23738693 A EP 23738693A EP 4555233 A1 EP4555233 A1 EP 4555233A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- electric motor
- locking
- locking device
- drive unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3425—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission characterised by pawls or wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/40—Actuators for moving a controlled member
- B60Y2400/405—Electric motors actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3441—Parking locks engaging axially
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3458—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission with electric actuating means, e.g. shift by wire
- F16H63/3466—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission with electric actuating means, e.g. shift by wire using electric motors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a locking device, an electric motor drive unit with such a locking device and a vehicle with such an electric motor drive unit.
- the locking device proposed in the context of this disclosure represents a further development of the locking devices described in the German patent applications with the file numbers 10 2021 213 737.7 and 10 2021 213 739.3.
- One object underlying the invention is to provide an improved locking device, in particular for a vehicle.
- a locking device for an electric motor drive unit has a locking mechanism for locking a lockable shaft of the electric motor drive unit and an electric drive for actuating the locking mechanism, which is accommodated in addition to the locking mechanism by a housing of the locking device.
- the locking mechanism comprises a form-fitting element that can be actuated in an axial lifting movement and along the shaft, which can be positively joined at least in sections with a shaft-side complement within a form-fitting region in order to lock the shaft.
- This actuable form-fitting element is in a state, resting on the end face of the shaft-side complement, can be pre-tensioned or braced along the shaft in a defined manner against the shaft-side complement by means of at least one elastic force transmission means.
- the actuable positive locking element in a locked state of the shaft, in which the actuable positive locking element and the shaft-side complement engage with one another in the positive locking region of the locking mechanism, the actuable positive locking element is supported against a housing section of an electric motor drive unit to which the locking actuator is attached.
- the locking mechanism has a movement play between the actuable positive locking element and the shaft-side complement in the positive locking area and in the circumferential direction of the shaft, which, in conjunction with the said or previously mentioned preload/tension of the actuable positive locking element against the shaft-side complement, causes the actuable positive locking element to snap into place shaft-side complement or an assembly of the actuable positive-locking element with the shaft-side complement.
- a shaft-side complement is to be understood as meaning a shaft-side counterpart to the actuable positive-locking element, which is designed or shaped in the positive-locking area in a correspondingly complementary manner to the actuable positive-locking element.
- This can be a correspondingly shaped section of the shaft itself or a separate and correspondingly shaped element joined to the shaft, which interacts in a form-fitting manner with the actuable positive-locking element.
- An elastic force transmission means is to be understood as meaning a mechanical energy storage device for elastic pretensioning/tensioning of the actuable positive-locking element against the shaft-side complement, for example in the form of at least one separate spring or a separate spring element and/or in the form of at least one spring element section integrated into the actuable positive-locking element.
- This energy storage biases the actuable form-fitting element against the shaft-side complement until the shaft is relative to the actuable form-fitting element. Final element assumes or experiences a suitable orientation for a positive connection. As soon as such an alignment is present, this energy storage presses the actuable positive-locking element into the shaft-side complement so that it locks into place, so that the shaft is locked or blocked.
- the locking mechanism can be actuated in an energy-saving manner, because neither the said actuation nor the said preload requires high actuating forces to be applied.
- the actuable positive-locking element is joined to the shaft-side complement, only the actuable positive-locking element and not the element of a drive train to be locked is moved.
- the locking mechanism has a first form-fitting element with internal teeth and a second, shaft-side form-fitting element with external teeth, against which the first form-fitting element can be actuated in a form-fitting manner in an axial lifting movement and along the shaft.
- a centering-acting tapering section is formed on the shaft-side form-fitting element on the front side and facing the first form-fitting element, against which the internal toothing can be stopped in order to align the two form-fitting elements with one another.
- the housing of the locking device also accommodates a multifunctional shaft adapter for connection to the lockable shaft, which is essentially made of a plastic and in which contacting means for external excitation of a rotor of a synchronous machine of the electric motor drive unit connected to the shaft are embedded, wherein the plastic of the shaft adapter is materially connected to the shaft-side positive locking element.
- contacting means include at least two slip rings for contacting an associated grinding brush and at least one conductor track assigned to the respective slip ring, which extends from the assigned slip ring through the plastic of the shaft adapter.
- the housing of the locking device also accommodates a separate arrangement of at least two grinding brushes for said external excitation.
- the electric drive is arranged transversely to the shaft.
- Such a transverse arrangement advantageously creates installation space for receiving said contacting means through the housing of the locking device.
- Transverse means either an orthogonal arrangement of the electric drive to the shaft or an arrangement in which a longitudinal axis of the electric drive forms an acute or obtuse angle with a longitudinal axis of the lockable shaft.
- the grinding brushes are arranged radially to the shaft. Such a radial arrangement also promotes a compact design of the locking device.
- An electric motor drive unit in particular for driving a vehicle, with a locking device of the type described above is also proposed, which is attached to a housing of the electric motor of the electric motor drive unit (claim 4).
- a vehicle is understood to mean any type of vehicle or motor vehicle that is operated by an electric motor, but in particular passenger cars and/or commercial vehicles. These are preferably semi-autonomous and in particular fully autonomous vehicles.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an electric motor drive unit with a proposed locking device (left) and, in addition, a separate, perspective and enlarged view of a part of the locking device (right);
- Fig. 2 shows the locking device shown in Fig. 1 in a plan sectional view
- FIG. 3 shows a locking mechanism of the locking device together with an arrangement of contacting means
- FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the locking mechanism and the contacting means shown in FIG. 3 in a perspective view
- Fig. 6 shows a positive locking area between a lockable shaft and the
- Fig. 7 is a perspective and enlarged view of that shown in Fig. 6
- Fig. 8 is a perspective sectional view of the locking device.
- the proposed locking device SV is attached to an electric motor drive unit EM-AE, in particular for driving a vehicle.
- the electric motor drive unit EM-AE includes an electric motor EM in the form of a separately excited synchronous machine and a reduction gear RG connected to it.
- the locking device SV is arranged on a housing EM-G of the synchronous machine.
- the locking device SV has a locking mechanism and an electric drive EA for actuating the locking mechanism, which is accommodated in addition to the drive EA by a housing SV-G of the locking device. 2, for example, illustrates very nicely that a housing section EM-G of the synchronous machine also forms the housing SV-G of the locking device.
- the drive EA is arranged transversely - and orthogonally - to the shaft W or shaft axis X - X.
- the drive EA can also be arranged relative to the shaft in such a way that a longitudinal axis of the drive EA forms an acute or obtuse angle with the longitudinal axis X - X of the shaft W.
- the drive EA drives a screw gear shaft 8, which in turn interacts with a gear segment 10 of a spindle nut SM with an internal thread.
- This spindle nut SM is longitudinally movably joined to a spindle S with a corresponding external thread, which together with the spindle nut SM forms a so-called screw drive or a so-called screw gear, which converts a rotational movement of the spindle nut SM (left or right-handed) into a translational movement the spindle nut SM along the spindle S and in the longitudinal direction X - X or along the shaft W.
- the spindle S is arranged in a stationary manner relative to the housing SV-G and is supported relative to the housing SV-G (Fig. 2).
- the spindle nut SM is elastic via a ring element RE, which is held with low friction by the spindle nut SM itself via a roller bearing, and individual springs, for example in the form of coil springs 18, against a positive locking element 4 which can be actuated in the longitudinal direction X - X or along the shaft W prestressed (Fig. 3, Fig. 4).
- This form-fitting element 4 is thus elastically connected to a movement mechanism of the locking device SV, which causes the axial lifting movement of the form-fitting element 4, via these coil springs 18 - approximately three distributed over the circumference of the ring element RE.
- This form-fitting element 4 is metallic and high-strength and is designed in the form of a closed, circumferential, annular element with internal teeth IV and external teeth 5. While the internal toothing IV can be moved in a form-fitting manner into an external toothing AV of a shaft-side and high-strength metallic complement 6 to lock the shaft W, the external toothing 5 always interacts in a form-fitting manner with a complementary section of the electric motor housing EM-G. The latter form-fitting ensures guidance and support of the form-fitting element 4 relative to the electric motor housing EM-G.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the section on the electric motor housing EM-G that is shaped to complement the external toothing 5 with its internal toothing.
- the form-fitting element 4 is not shown or is hidden or omitted.
- both static and dynamic torque loads of the drive train are introduced into the electric motor housing EM-G via this external toothing 5.
- an external profiling of the positive locking element 4 can also be provided in the form of individual, radial, claw-like projections.
- the locking device SV also has a multifunctional shaft adapter 12, which extends through the spindle S and into an area of the hollow shaft W.
- This shaft adapter 12 is essentially made of a plastic, in which two metallic slip rings 14a, 14b and a metallic conductor or contact track 16 assigned to the respective slip ring 14a, 14b are embedded.
- the conductor track 16 extends from the associated slip ring 14a, 14b in the direction of the hollow shaft W through the plastic of the shaft adapter 12.
- the plastic of the shaft adapter 12 is sprayed or bonded to the shaft-side complement 6, which is designed in the form of a metallic adapter ring.
- 6 illustrates, by way of example, an annular projection of the adapter ring or positive locking element 6, which is formed on the end face of the adapter ring 6 and the positive locking element 4 in the form of a dovetail shape and is enclosed by a plastic flange of the shaft adapter 12.
- This adapter ring 6 has an external toothing AV that is complementary to the internal toothing IV and also an internal profiling or internal toothing, via which the adapter ring 6 and thus the shaft adapter 12 is pressed onto a correspondingly complementary external profiling or external toothing of the hollow shaft W.
- the proposed locking device SV can be advantageously adapted to different shaft diameters via the adapter ring 6.
- two grinding brushes 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are assigned to the two slip rings 14a, 14b and through the housing SV-G added.
- the grinding brushes 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b are spring-loaded against the associated slip rings 14a, 14b or are contacted.
- the grinding brushes 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b assigned to a slip ring 14a, 14b and forming a pair are arranged relative to one another in such a way that they form an angle at the same height (Fig. 3, Fig. 4).
- a centering tapering section 7 is formed on the face of the form-fitting element 6 and facing the form-fitting element 4 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7).
- the internal toothing IV can abut against this tapering section or centering section 7 in the course of a longitudinal displacement of the positive locking element 4 in the direction X - the hollow shaft W to be aligned.
- the form-fitting element 6 also has a centering function, which ensures a coaxial alignment of the two form-fitting elements 4, 6 to one another. This ensures an even distribution of force over the circumference of the two form-fitting elements 4, 6 in the joined state.
- the locking device SV further comprises, for example, an inductively acting position sensor arrangement for detecting a position of the rotor of the synchronous machine connected to the shaft W in order to enable efficient electronic commutation of the synchronous machine.
- 8 illustrates an example of a position sensor arrangement in the area of the outer end of the shaft adapter 12 or the end of the shaft adapter 12, which faces away from the shaft end.
- a signal transmitter with a coil arrangement that is stationary to the housing SV-G and integrated into a circuit board 20 is provided, which interacts with a sensor component in the form of a metallic, disk-like element 18 that is stationary to the hollow shaft.
- This element 18, which is arranged opposite the circuit board, is received by the plastic of the shaft adapter 12 and stationary to the shaft adapter 12.
- This element 18 has individual radial, claw-like projections on the circumference, which as such cause a detuning of a magnetic field acting on them. At least these radial, claw-like projections can be designed to be magnetic, for example ferromagnetic.
- this disk-like element 18 is made entirely of a non-magnetic metal, such as aluminum.
- such a position sensor arrangement can also be provided in the area of said positive locking elements 4, 6 or on the shaft side.
- sensor electronics for the position sensor arrangement and motor electronics for controlling the electric drive EA are also integrated into the circuit board 20.
- the proposed locking device represents a compact, space-saving and cost-effective solution within a drive train, in particular a vehicle in the sense of a parking lock or a locking actuator, according to which the locking mechanism is integrated into the electric motor EM and the locking device into the electric motor housing EM-G.
- the positive locking element 4 can be in a state in which it rests on the front side of the shaft-side complement or positive locking element 6 or on the external toothing AV , via the said screw drive - formed by the spindle S and the spindle nut SM - and the said coil springs 18 are biased or tensioned along the shaft W and with a definable force against the shaft W for latching. If the shaft W is then twisted or rotated just a little further, the form-fitting element 4 locks into place with the form-fitting element. Final element 6 and thus with the shaft 6 as soon as a corresponding alignment of the shaft W is achieved, which enables the locking. Such further (twisting) rotation of the shaft W in the parking situation can be initiated by the vehicle system.
- the said movement play between the two form-fitting elements 4, 6 and in the circumferential direction of the shaft W also enables the following emergency scenario in the event of a fault in the vehicle, in which the electric motor EM of the electric motor drive unit EM-AE fails.
- the proposed locking device SV enables the vehicle, which then rolls from a standstill, to be blocked or blocked, up to a maximum rotational speed of the shaft W or maximum speed of the vehicle, which depends on the movement play.
- the form-fitting element 4 is engaged with the form-fitting element 6 and thus with the shaft W using the movement play and up to the maximum rotational speed of the shaft W or maximum speed of the vehicle, which is dependent on the movement play, and thus the vehicle is brought to a standstill.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022207256.1A DE102022207256A1 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2022-07-15 | Sperrvorrichtung, Elektromotor-Antriebseinheit und Fahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2023/068373 WO2024012935A1 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-04 | Sperrvorrichtung, elektromotor-antriebseinheit und fahrzeug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4555233A1 true EP4555233A1 (de) | 2025-05-21 |
Family
ID=87158118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23738693.3A Pending EP4555233A1 (de) | 2022-07-15 | 2023-07-04 | Sperrvorrichtung, elektromotor-antriebseinheit und fahrzeug |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4555233A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119604705A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022207256A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024012935A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19910576B4 (de) * | 1999-03-10 | 2009-08-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Parksperre für ein Schaltgetriebe |
| DE10224357A1 (de) | 2002-05-29 | 2003-12-11 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Elastische Schalt- oder Schiebemuffe und Gangsprungsichere Formschlusskupplung |
| CN101245854B (zh) | 2008-02-14 | 2010-06-23 | 重庆隆鑫机车有限公司 | 机动车的内置驻车锁定装置 |
| JP6951992B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-10-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両用動力伝達装置 |
| DE102019219002A1 (de) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | Chassis Brakes International B.V. | Elektromechanische Bremsvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102020111757B4 (de) | 2020-04-30 | 2025-12-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Parksperre mit einer Synchronisiereinrichtung |
| DE102021213739A1 (de) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Sperrmechanismus, Elektromotor-Antriebseinheit, Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Sperren einer Welle eines Antriebsstrangs |
| DE102021213737A1 (de) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Sperrmechanismus, Elektromotor-Antriebseinheit, Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Sperren einer Welle eines Antriebsstrangs |
-
2022
- 2022-07-15 DE DE102022207256.1A patent/DE102022207256A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-04 WO PCT/EP2023/068373 patent/WO2024012935A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-04 EP EP23738693.3A patent/EP4555233A1/de active Pending
- 2023-07-04 CN CN202380052034.2A patent/CN119604705A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119604705A (zh) | 2025-03-11 |
| DE102022207256A1 (de) | 2024-01-18 |
| WO2024012935A1 (de) | 2024-01-18 |
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