EP4540458A1 - Câble multi-torons à une couche de multi-torons - Google Patents
Câble multi-torons à une couche de multi-toronsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4540458A1 EP4540458A1 EP23732102.1A EP23732102A EP4540458A1 EP 4540458 A1 EP4540458 A1 EP 4540458A1 EP 23732102 A EP23732102 A EP 23732102A EP 4540458 A1 EP4540458 A1 EP 4540458A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- strand
- elongation
- strands
- diameter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/0613—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the rope configuration
Definitions
- the invention relates to cables and a tire comprising these cables.
- the structural elongation of the cable is 2.8% and the diameter of the cable is 3.8 mm, the linear mass is 36.4 g/m and the endurance criterion is equal to 3635 N x m /g.
- the invention aims at a cable which has sufficient flexibility and structural elongation, to allow the conformation of the tire and reduce the rigidity of the crown block, with an improved endurance criterion to withstand cyclic stresses in extension.
- the invention relates to a multi-strand cable with a layer of multi-strands in which the cable of structure 1x , each multi-strand comprising K>1 strands, each strand having at least two layers comprising:
- -D is the diameter of the cable (50) in mm and; in which the cable has a structural elongation As such that As > 1.0%, the structural elongation As being determined according to standard ASTM D2969-04 of 2014 to the cable so as to obtain a force-elongation curve, the structural elongation As being equal to the elongation, in%, corresponding to the intersection between the tangent to the elastic part of the force-elongation curve at any point of its elastic part and the axis of the elongations of the force-elongation curve.
- the cable according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a cable with sufficient metal mass while keeping fine wires making it possible to achieve endurance performance increased and thus improve the compromise between the shears in the polymer matrix and the endurance resistance of the reinforcement and improve the cleavage performance.
- the cable according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the stress levels in the cable subjected to extension stress and therefore to extend the lifespan of the cable. pneumatic. Indeed, the inventors behind the invention discovered that the first determining criterion for improving the endurance performance of a cable under a corrosive environment was not only the breaking force as is widely taught in the state of the art but the endurance criterion represented in the present application by an indicator equal to a combination of bending stress, diameter of the cable and metal mass of the cable:
- the diameter of the cable is the diameter of the smallest circle in which the cable is circumscribed without the hoop.
- the structural elongation As a quantity well known to those skilled in the art, is determined for example by applying the ASTM D2969-04 standard of 2014 to a tested cable in order to obtain a force-elongation curve. We deduce the As on the curve obtained as the elongation, in%, corresponding to the intersection between the tangent to the elastic part of the force-elongation curve and the axis of the elongations of the force-elongation curve.
- a force elongation curve includes, moving towards increasing elongations, a structural part, an elastic part and a plastic part.
- the structural part corresponds to a structural elongation of the cable resulting from the bringing together of the different strands and metal wires constituting the cable.
- the elastic part corresponds to an elastic elongation resulting from the construction of the cable, in particular from the angles of the different layers and the diameters of the metal wires.
- the plastic part corresponds to the plastic elongation resulting from the plasticity (irreversible deformation beyond the elastic limit) of the metal wires.
- the cable comprises a single layer of multi-strand that is, the assembly has one layer of multi-strands, not zero, not two, but only one.
- each strand has cylindrical layers. It is recalled that such cylindrical layers are obtained when the different layers of strands are wound at different pitches and/or when the winding directions of these layers are distinct from one layer to another.
- a strand with cylindrical layers is very highly penetrable unlike a strand with compact layers in which the pitches of all the layers are equal and the directions of winding of all the layers are identical which has a much lower penetrability.
- each strand is desaturated, that is to say that there is a space between the outer layer wires, allowing the elastomeric composition to impregnate each strand.
- each strand in the multi-strand has two layers, that is to say that it comprises an assembly consisting of two layers of metal wires, neither more nor less, that is to say that the assembly has two layers of metal wires, not one, not three, but only two.
- the outer layer of each strand is wound around the inner layer of this strand in contact with the inner layer of this strand.
- the strands do not undergo preformation.
- the cable as defined above and according to the invention is bare, that is to say devoid of any polymeric composition, in particular the cable is devoid of any elastomeric composition.
- metallic wire we mean a metallic monofilament comprising a core consisting mainly (that is to say for more than 50% of its mass) or entirely (for 100% of its mass) of a metallic material, for example carbon steel.
- the metal wire can advantageously comprise a layer of a metallic coating covering the core, the metallic coating being chosen from zinc, copper, tin and alloys of these metals, for example brass.
- Each wire is preferably made of pearlitic or ferrito-pearlitic carbon steel.
- any interval of values designated by the expression “between a and b” represents the range of values going from more than a to less than b (that is to say terminals a and b excluded ) while any interval of values designated by the expression “from a to b” means the domain of values going from the terminal “a” to the terminal “b” that is to say including the strict limits “ a” and “b”.
- the invention also relates to a cable extracted from a polymeric matrix, the extracted cable comprises a single layer of X multi-strands wound helically around a main axis, each multi-strand comprising K>1 strands , each strand having at least two layers comprising:
- the polymer matrix is an elastomeric matrix.
- the polymeric matrix preferably elastomeric, is based on a polymeric composition, preferably elastomeric.
- polymer matrix is meant a matrix comprising at least one polymer.
- the polymer matrix is thus based on a polymer composition.
- elastomeric matrix is meant a matrix comprising at least one elastomer.
- the preferential elastomeric matrix is thus based on the elastomeric composition.
- composition comprises the mixture and/or the in situ reaction product of the different constituents used, some of these constituents being able to react and/or being intended to react between them, at least partially, during the different phases of manufacturing the composition; the composition can thus be in the totally or partially crosslinked state or in the non-crosslinked state.
- polymer composition we mean that the composition comprises at least one polymer.
- a polymer may be a thermoplastic, for example a polyester or a polyamide, a thermosetting polymer, an elastomer, for example natural rubber, a thermoplastic elastomer or a mixture of these polymers.
- elastomeric composition comprises at least one elastomer and at least one other component.
- the composition comprising at least one elastomer and at least one other component comprises an elastomer, a crosslinking system and a filler.
- the compositions which can be used for these layers are conventional compositions for calendering wire reinforcing elements and comprise a diene elastomer, for example natural rubber, a reinforcing filler, for example carbon black and/or silica, a system of crosslinking, for example a vulcanization system, preferably comprising sulfur, stearic acid and zinc oxide, and optionally a vulcanization accelerator and/or retarder and/or various additives.
- the adhesion between the metal wires and the matrix in which they are embedded is ensured for example by a metallic coating, for example a layer of brass.
- the values of the characteristics described in the present application for the extracted cable are measured on or determined from cables extracted from a polymeric matrix, in particular elastomeric, for example from a tire.
- the strip of material is removed radially outside the cable to be extracted so as to see the cable to be extracted radially flush with the polymer matrix. This removal can be done by peeling using pliers and knives or by planing. Then, we release the end of the cable to be extracted using a knife. Then, we pull on the cable so as to extract it from the matrix by applying a relatively small angle so as not to plasticize the cable to be extracted.
- the extracted cables are then cleaned carefully, for example using a knife, so as to detach the remains of polymer matrix locally attached to the cable and taking care not to damage the surface of the metal wires.
- a transverse section of the cable is made in the elastomeric matrix, determining the steel surface area by image processing and multiplying by the density of the steel.
- the criterion V1 is greater than or equal to 1000 N x m /g, preferably greater than or equal to 1500 N x m /g.
- the criterion V1 is less than or equal to 3000 N x m /g.
- the linear mass M ranges from 15 to 75 g/m, preferably from 25 to 65 g/m.
- the cable has a cable diameter such that the diameter D of the cable ranges from 3 mm to 7 mm, preferably from 3.5 mm to 6 mm.
- the diameter of a strand is the diameter of the smallest circle within which the strand is circumscribed.
- the diameters of the metal wires range independently of each other from 0.15 mm to 0.50 mm, preferably from 0.18 mm to 0.35 mm and more preferably from 0.20 mm to 0.20 mm. 0.30mm.
- the wires of the same layer of a predetermined strand all have substantially the same diameter.
- the strands all have substantially the same diameter.
- substantially the same diameter we mean that the wires or strands have the same diameter within industrial tolerances.
- each strand has two layers.
- each strand has three layers and comprises: an intermediate layer consisting of Q2 intermediate metal wires wound around the internal layer, and an outer layer consisting of Q3 external metal wires wound around the layer intermediate.
- each strand is of the type not gummed in situ.
- not gummed in situ we mean that before assembling the strands together, each strand is made up of wires of the different layers and devoid of polymeric composition, in particular elastomeric composition.
- Q1 1, 2, 3 or 4
- Q1 1.
- Another object of the invention is a reinforced product comprising a polymeric matrix and at least one cable or extracted cable as defined above.
- the reinforced product comprises one or more cables according to the invention embedded in the polymeric matrix, and in the case of several cables, the cables are arranged side by side in a main direction.
- Another object of the invention is a tire comprising at least one extracted cable or a reinforced product as defined above.
- tire comprising an extracted cable we mean a tire comprising a cable whose properties, measured after extraction of the tire, are those of the extracted cable, this cable being, prior to its incorporation into the tire, a cable such as the cable described previously.
- the tire comprises a carcass reinforcement anchored in two beads and surmounted radially by a crown reinforcement itself surmounted by a tread, the crown reinforcement being joined to said beads by two sides and comprising at least one cable as defined above.
- the crown reinforcement comprises a protective reinforcement, a working reinforcement and a hooping reinforcement comprising at least one cable as defined above, the protective reinforcement being radially interposed between the tread and the working frame and the hooping frame being preferentially interposed between the two layers of working reinforcement.
- the cable is particularly intended for industrial vehicles chosen from heavy vehicles such as "heavy goods vehicles” - i.e., metro, bus, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-road vehicles - , agricultural or civil engineering machinery, other transport or handling vehicles.
- heavy vehicles such as "heavy goods vehicles” - i.e., metro, bus, road transport vehicles (trucks, tractors, trailers), off-road vehicles - , agricultural or civil engineering machinery, other transport or handling vehicles.
- the tire is for a civil engineering type vehicle.
- the tire has a dimension in which the diameter, in inches, of the seat of the rim on which the tire is intended to be mounted is greater than or equal to 40 inches.
- the invention also relates to a rubber article comprising an assembly according to the invention, or an impregnated assembly according to the invention.
- a rubber article means any type of rubber article such as a ball, a non-pneumatic object such as a non-pneumatic tire, a conveyor belt or a track.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view perpendicular to the circumferential direction of a tire according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a detailed view of zone II of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a reinforced product according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed to be rectilinear and at rest) of a cable (50) according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed to be rectilinear and at rest) of an extracted cable (50') according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to that of Figure 4 of a cable (60) according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- a reference mark X, Y, Z is shown corresponding to the usual respectively axial (X), radial (Y) and circumferential (Z) orientations of a tire.
- the “median circumferential plane” M of the tire is the plane which is normal to the axis of rotation of the tire and which is located equidistant from the annular reinforcement structures of each bead.
- Figures 1 and 2 show a tire according to the invention and designated by the general reference 10.
- the tire 10 is for a heavy vehicle of the civil engineering type, for example of the type “dumper”. Thus, the tire 10 has a dimension of type 53/80R63.
- the tire 10 comprises a crown 12 reinforced by a crown reinforcement 14, two sidewalls 16 and two beads 18, each of these beads 18 being reinforced with an annular structure, here a rod 20.
- the crown reinforcement 14 is surmounted radially by a tread 22 and joined to the beads 18 by the sides 16.
- a carcass reinforcement 24 is anchored in the two beads 18, and is here wound around the two rods 20 and comprises a turnaround 26 arranged towards the exterior of the tire 20 which is shown here mounted on a rim 28.
- the carcass reinforcement 24 is surmounted radially by the crown reinforcement 14.
- the carcass reinforcement 24 comprises at least one carcass ply 30 reinforced by radial carcass cables (not shown).
- the carcass cables are arranged substantially parallel to each other and extend from one bead 18 to the other so as to form an angle of between 80° and 90° with the median circumferential plane M (plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire which is located halfway between the two beads 18 and passes through the middle of the crown reinforcement 14).
- the tire 10 also comprises a sealing ply 32 made of an elastomer (commonly called inner rubber) which defines the radially internal face 34 of the tire 10 and which is intended to protect the carcass ply 30 from the diffusion of air coming from the space inside the tire 10.
- a sealing ply 32 made of an elastomer (commonly called inner rubber) which defines the radially internal face 34 of the tire 10 and which is intended to protect the carcass ply 30 from the diffusion of air coming from the space inside the tire 10.
- the crown reinforcement 14 comprises, radially from the outside towards the inside of the tire 10, a protective reinforcement 36 arranged radially inside the tread 22, a working reinforcement 38 arranged radially at inside the protective frame 36 and a shrinking frame 40 radially interposed between the two layers 48, 46 of the working frame 38.
- the protective frame 36 is thus radially interposed between the tread 22 and the working frame 38.
- the protective frame 36 comprises first and second protective layers 42, 44 comprising metallic protective cables, the first layer 42 being arranged radially inside the second layer 44.
- the cables protective metal make an angle at least equal to 10°, preferably ranging from 10° to 35° and preferably from 15° to 35° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire.
- the working frame 38 comprises first and second working layers 46, 48, the first layer 46 being arranged radially inside the second layer 48.
- the hooping reinforcement 40 also called limiter block, comprises at least one cable 50 making an angle at most equal to 10°, preferably ranging from 0° to 5° with the circumferential direction Z of the tire 10.
- FIG. 3 shows a reinforced product according to the invention and designated by the general reference 100.
- the reinforced product 100 comprises at least one cable 50, in this case several cables 50, embedded in the polymer matrix 102 .
- the polymer matrix 102, the cables 50 are shown in a reference X, Y, Z in which the direction Y is the radial direction and the directions X and Z are the axial and circumferential directions.
- the reinforced product 100 comprises several cables 50 arranged side by side in the main direction X and extending parallel to each other within the reinforced product 100 and collectively embedded in the polymer matrix 102.
- the polymer matrix 102 is an elastomeric matrix based on an elastomeric composition.
- Figure 4 shows the cable 50 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- each marginal hoop reinforcement element is formed, after extraction of the tire 10, by an extracted cable 50' as described below.
- the cable 50 is obtained by embedding in a polymer matrix, in this case in a polymer matrix respectively forming each polymer matrix of each working layer.
- the cable 50 and the extracted cable 50' are metallic and of the multi-strand type of multi-strand with a cylindrical layer.
- the layers of multi-strands constituting the 50 or 50’ cable are one in number, no more, no less.
- At least 50% of the metal wires, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70% of the metal wires, and very preferably each metal wire of the cable comprises a steel core having a composition conforming to the NF EN standard 10020 of September 2000 and a carbon content C > 0.80% and preferably C > 0.82% and at least 50% of the metal wires, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70% of the metal wires, and very preferably each metal wire of the cable comprises a steel core having a composition conforming to standard NF EN 10020 of September 2000 and a carbon content C ⁇ 1.20% and preferably C ⁇ 1.10%.
- Each wire has a breaking strength, denoted Rm, such that 2500 ⁇ Rm ⁇ 3100 MPa.
- the steel of these wires is said to be SHT (“Super High Tensile”) grade.
- Other yarns can be used, for example yarns of a lower grade, for example of grade NT (“Normal Tensile”) or HT (“High Tensile”), as well as yarns of a higher grade, for example of grade UT (“ Ultra Tensile”) or MT (“Mega Tensile”).
- T1 strand previously described is manufactured according to known processes comprising the following steps, preferably carried out online and continuously:
- a first step of assembly by wiring or twisting the 6 external wires F3 around the internal wire F1 of the internal layer C1 at pitch p3 and in the direction S to form the external layer C3 at a first point d 'assembly ;
- torque balancing we mean here in a manner well known to those skilled in the art the cancellation of the residual torques (or the elastic return of torsion) exerted on each wire of the strand, in the outer layer.
- each strand is wound on one or more receiving reels, for storage, before the subsequent operation of assembling the elementary strands by wiring to obtain the multi-strand cable.
- the hoop F is wound at pitch pf in the Z direction around the assembly previously obtained.
- the cable 50 is then incorporated by calendering into composite fabrics formed from a known composition based on natural rubber and carbon black as a reinforcing filler, conventionally used for the manufacture of crown reinforcements of radial tires.
- This composition essentially comprises, in addition to the elastomer and the reinforcing filler (carbon black), an antioxidant, stearic acid, an extension oil, cobalt naphthenate as an adhesion promoter, finally a vulcanization system (sulfur, accelerator, ZnO).
- the composite fabrics reinforced by these cables comprise a matrix of elastomeric composition formed of two thin layers of elastomeric composition which are superimposed on either side of the cables and which respectively have a thickness ranging from 1 and 4 mm.
- the calendering step no laying of cables in the fabric of elastomeric composition ranges from 4 mm to 8 mm.
- Figure 6 shows a cable 60 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- the cables 50, 50' and 60 according to the invention make it possible to obtain a cable having sufficient flexibility and structural elongation, to allow the conformation of the tire and reduce the rigidity of the crown block, with a criterion improved endurance to withstand cyclical stresses in extension compared to the cable of the state of the art.
Landscapes
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2205995A FR3136787B1 (fr) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Câble multi-torons à une couche de multi-torons |
| PCT/EP2023/065577 WO2023247233A1 (fr) | 2022-06-20 | 2023-06-12 | Câble multi-torons à une couche de multi-torons |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4540458A1 true EP4540458A1 (fr) | 2025-04-23 |
| EP4540458B1 EP4540458B1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
Family
ID=83355223
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23732102.1A Active EP4540458B1 (fr) | 2022-06-20 | 2023-06-12 | Câble multi-torons à une couche de multi-torons |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4540458B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119384538A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3253051A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3136787B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023247233A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016529410A (ja) * | 2013-08-01 | 2016-09-23 | エヌ ヴイ べカルト エス エイ | 高伸長鋼コード、およびこのコードを備える空気式タイヤ |
| FR3032978B1 (fr) | 2015-02-19 | 2017-10-27 | Michelin & Cie | Cable multitorons de structure 1xn pour armature de protection de pneumatique |
| FR3092343A1 (fr) * | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-07 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Câble multitorons de structure 1xN à haute énergie à rupture |
| JP7737379B2 (ja) * | 2020-01-07 | 2025-09-10 | コンパニー ゼネラール デ エタブリッスマン ミシュラン | 改良された破断時エネルギー及び改良された全伸びを有する単層マルチストランドコード |
-
2022
- 2022-06-20 FR FR2205995A patent/FR3136787B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-06-12 EP EP23732102.1A patent/EP4540458B1/fr active Active
- 2023-06-12 CN CN202380047813.3A patent/CN119384538A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-12 WO PCT/EP2023/065577 patent/WO2023247233A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-12 CA CA3253051A patent/CA3253051A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023247233A1 (fr) | 2023-12-28 |
| FR3136787A1 (fr) | 2023-12-22 |
| CA3253051A1 (fr) | 2023-12-28 |
| EP4540458B1 (fr) | 2026-04-15 |
| FR3136787B1 (fr) | 2024-05-10 |
| CN119384538A (zh) | 2025-01-28 |
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