EP4514587A1 - Compositions de polyamide ignifuge ductile et leur utilisation notamment pour application ferroviaire - Google Patents
Compositions de polyamide ignifuge ductile et leur utilisation notamment pour application ferroviaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP4514587A1 EP4514587A1 EP23727396.6A EP23727396A EP4514587A1 EP 4514587 A1 EP4514587 A1 EP 4514587A1 EP 23727396 A EP23727396 A EP 23727396A EP 4514587 A1 EP4514587 A1 EP 4514587A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- composition
- acid
- polyamide
- semi
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/13—Articles with a cross-section varying in the longitudinal direction, e.g. corrugated pipes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D49/00—Other details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/43—Compounds containing sulfur bound to nitrogen
- C08K5/435—Sulfonamides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L11/11—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with corrugated wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
- F16L57/04—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against fire or other external sources of extreme heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
- H02G3/02—Details
- H02G3/04—Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
- H02G3/0406—Details thereof
- H02G3/0412—Heat or fire protective means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/019—Specific properties of additives the composition being defined by the absence of a certain additive
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/06—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features having improved processability or containing aids for moulding methods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to ductile flame-retardant polyamide compositions and their use in particular for railway applications and the preparation of tubes, in particular corrugated tubes.
- the railway sector tends to use materials with high mechanical resistance and good resistance to aging.
- Products are classified according to their limiting oxygen index as well as the density and toxicity of the smoke they generate during combustion.
- Three classifications HL1, HL2 or HL3 can be achieved depending on their fire properties.
- the HL2 category today covers the majority of the existing market and is the intended target in general, which in particular means a limiting oxygen level measurement (LOI) > 28.
- LOI oxygen level measurement
- the module must be between 500 and 1200 MPa
- application US 2007/0021535 combines the use of phosphinate, melamine cyanurate and polyol as a flame retardant for a polyamide.
- the present invention therefore relates to a flame-retardant composition
- a flame-retardant composition comprising by weight:
- a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide in particular proportions and having a particular inherent viscosity, associated at least with a phosphinate type flame retardant, with a functionalized polyolefin and with a plasticizer, all three in an equally proportion particular, with optionally an additive allowing the constitution of a composition meeting all the requirements listed above.
- the viscosity of the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide matrix is essential, particularly for fatigue resistance.
- Compositions based on semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with a viscosity less than 1.2 would thus have insufficient mechanical properties for the intended application, in particular for an application as a tube, in particular corrugated, for a railway application.
- Compositions based on semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with a viscosity of less than 1.2 would in particular have insufficient fatigue resistance. Fatigue resistance can in particular be measured by a Ross Flex test as described in the examples.
- compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with a viscosity greater than 1.2, advantageously make it possible to satisfy this test, that is to say to prepare bars which are not broken after 400,000 cycles, according to the Ross Flex test described in the examples.
- compositions based on semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with a viscosity in particular greater than 1.6 could not in particular be extruded at usual shaping temperatures, in particular at temperatures less than or equal to 350°C, preferably less than or equal to 320°C, preferably between 170°C and 300°C, for example between 200 and 280°C.
- Such compositions would have to be extruded at significantly higher temperatures and/or with higher shear rates, which would have the consequence of impacting in particular the fire resistance properties of the resulting tube, the flame retardant being at least partially , or even completely, degraded in such implementation conditions.
- compositions based on semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with too high a viscosity, in particular greater than 1.6, would in particular present a limiting oxygen level (LOI) lower than the value sought to satisfy the EN 45545 standard for categories R22 and R23.
- LOI limiting oxygen level
- compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide with a viscosity less than 1.6, preferably less than 1.5, preferably strictly less than 1.5, advantageously make it possible to satisfy this test, as shown in the examples.
- plasticizers makes it possible to provide the composition with a sufficiently low modulus without compromising cold impact resistance.
- compositions comprising less than 2% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition could thus have insufficient mechanical properties for the intended application, in particular for an application as a tube, in particular corrugated, for a railway application.
- Compositions comprising less than 2% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition could in particular have a tensile modulus that is too high, in particular a tensile modulus greater than 1200 MPa, this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular less 2% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition, advantageously makes it possible to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties, in particular a tensile modulus of less than 1200 MPa, this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- Compositions comprising more than 8% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition could present insufficient mechanical properties for the intended application, in particular for an application as a tube, in particular corrugated, for a railway application.
- Compositions comprising more than 8% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition could in particular have a cold notched impact resistance of less than 5 kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular up to 8% by weight of plasticizer relative to the total weight of the composition, advantageously make it possible to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties, in particular resistance to cold notched impact greater or equal to 5 to kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- compositions comprising less than 5% by weight of functionalized polyolefin relative to the total weight of the composition would thus have insufficient mechanical properties for the intended application, in particular for an application as a tube, in particular corrugated, for a railway application.
- Compositions comprising less than 5% by weight of functionalized polyolefin relative to the total weight of the composition would in particular have a cold notched impact resistance of less than 5 to kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular at least 5% by weight of functionalized polyolefin relative to the total weight of the composition, advantageously make it possible to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties, in particular resistance to cold notched impact greater or equal to 5 to kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- compositions comprising more than 20% by weight of functionalized polyolefin relative to the total weight of the composition would also have insufficient fire resistance properties for the intended application, in particular for an application as a tube, in particular corrugated, for an application railway.
- Compositions comprising more than 20% by weight of functionalized polyolefin relative to the total weight of the composition would in particular present a limiting oxygen level (LOI) lower than the value sought to satisfy the EN 45545 standard for categories R22 and R23.
- LOI limiting oxygen level
- Compositions in accordance with the invention namely comprising in particular a functionalized polyolefin in a content less than 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, advantageously make it possible to satisfy this test, as shown in the examples.
- the range of flame retardants as defined according to the invention makes it possible to obtain sufficient fire resistance, and in particular to make it possible to obtain compositions having in particular a limiting oxygen level (LOI) greater than the desired value. to meet the EN 45545 standard for categories R22 and R23, while maintaining satisfactory mechanical properties, in particular without excessively weakening the product.
- Compositions comprising less than 10% by weight of flame retardant relative to the total weight of the composition generally do not make it possible to achieve the value sought to satisfy the EN 45545 standard for categories R22 and R23, as defined in the examples .
- compositions comprising more than 30% by weight of flame retardant relative to the total weight of the composition could present insufficient mechanical properties, in particular a resistance to cold notched impact less than 5 kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- Compositions according to the invention namely comprising in particular up to 30% by weight of flame retardant agent relative to the total weight of the composition, preferably up to 25% by weight, in particular up to 22% by weight , advantageously make it possible to achieve satisfactory mechanical properties, in particular a resistance to cold notched impact greater than or equal to 5 to kJ/m 2 , this parameter being measured as described in the examples.
- said composition is intended for a railway application.
- the invention also covers the use of compositions as defined according to the invention for the manufacture of flame-retardant articles, in particular tubes, intended for railway applications, and in particular intended for applications in trains.
- compositions of the invention comprise at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide having an inherent viscosity of 1.2 to 1.6, in particular 1.2 to 1.5, in particular 1.3 to 1.5, as determined according to standard ISO 307:2007 but using m-cresol instead of sulfuric acid, a temperature of 20°C and a concentration of 0.5% by weight.
- the compositions of the invention comprise at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide having an inherent viscosity strictly less than 1.5, in particular ranging from 1.30 to 1.48, as determined according to the ISO standard. 307:2007 but using m-cresol instead of sulfuric acid, a temperature of 20°C and a concentration of 0.5% by weight.
- Said at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide (a) is present in a content ranging from 30 to 85% by weight, in particular from 33 to 83% by weight, in particular from 50 to 78.9% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- semi-crystalline polyamide means a material that is generally solid at room temperature, and which softens upon an increase in temperature, in particular after passing its glass transition temperature (Tg), and which may present a clear melting upon passage. of its so-called melting temperature (Tf), and which becomes solid again when the temperature drops below its crystallization temperature.
- Tg, Te and Tf are determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) according to standard 11357-2:2013 and 11357-3:2013 respectively.
- the number average molecular mass Mn of said semi-crystalline polyamide is preferably in a range going from 10,000 to 85,000, in particular from 10,000 to 60,000, preferably from 10,000 to 50,000, even more preferably from 12,000 to 50,000.
- polyamide includes both homopolyamides and copolyamides.
- Said at least one aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam, or from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid, or from the polycondensation of at least one diamine at least one dicarboxylic acid Y or mixtures thereof.
- said at least one lactam can be chosen from a C6 to C18 lactam, preferably a C9 to C18 lactam, more preferably a CIO at C18, more preferably in CIO at Cil.
- a C8 to C18 lactam is notably decanolactam, undecanolactam.
- said at least one amino acid can be chosen from a C6 to C18 amino acid, preferably a C9 to C18 amino acid, more preferably a CIO at C18, more preferably in CIO at Cil.
- a C6 to C18 amino acid is in particular 9-aminononanoic acid, 10-aminodecanoic acid and 11-aminoundecanoic acid as well as its derivatives, in particular N-heptyl-11-aminoundecanoic acid.
- said at least one aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid it can therefore comprise a single amino acid or several amino acids.
- said aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of a single amino acid and said amino acid is chosen from 10-aminodecanoic acid, and 11-aminoundecanoic acid, advantageously 11-aminoundecanoic acid.
- said at least one aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one diamine Y in C4-C36, preferably C6-C18, preferably C6-C12, more preferably C10-C12, then said at least one diamine in X is an aliphatic diamine and said at least one diacid Y is an aliphatic diacid.
- the diamine can be linear or branched.
- it is linear.
- Said at least one C4-C36 diamine 1,9-nonamethylenediamine, 1,10-decamethylenediamine, 1,11-undecamethylenediamine, 1,12-dodecamethylediamine, 1,13-tridecarnethylenediamine, 1,14-tetradecamethylenediamine, 1,16-hexadecamethylenediamine and 1 ,18- octadecamethylenediamine, octadecenediamine, eicosanediamine, docosanediamine and diamines obtained from fatty acids.
- said at least one diamine 1,11-undecamethylenediamine, 1,12-dodecamethylenediamine, 1,13-tridecamethylenediamine, 1,14-tetradecamethylenediamine, 1,16-hexadecamethylenediamine and 1,18-octadecamethylenediamine.
- said at least one diamine decamethylenediamine, 1,11-undecamethylenediamine, 1,12-dodecamethylenediamine.
- the diamine Said at least one C4 to C36 dicarboxylic acid Y can be chosen from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid, and diacids obtained from fatty acids.
- the diacid can be linear or branched. Advantageously, it is linear.
- said at least one dicarboxylic acid Y is C6 to C18 and is chosen from adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, brassylic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid.
- said at least one dicarboxylic acid Y is C6 to C12 and is chosen from adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid.
- said at least one dicarboxylic acid Y is CIO to C12 and is chosen from sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid.
- said aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of at least one diamine
- said aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is obtained from the polycondensation of a single diamine X with a single dicarboxylic acid Y.
- said at least one polyamide is a long-chain polyamide having a number of carbons per nitrogen atom greater than or equal to 8, in particular greater than or equal to 9, in particular greater than or equal to 10.
- said at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide is chosen from polyamide PA610, PA612, PA1010, PA1012 and PAU.
- said at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide is chosen from the polyamides PA1010, PA1012 and PAU, in particular PAU.
- the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide of the invention may be a poly ether block amide (PEBA).
- PEBA poly ether block amide
- Poly ether block amide are copolymers with amide units (Bal) and polyether units (Ba2), said amide unit (Bal) corresponding to an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from at least one amino acid or an pattern obtained from at least one lactam, or an X.Y pattern obtained from polycondensation:
- diamine being chosen from a linear or branched aliphatic diamine, and - at least one dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being an aliphatic diacid, said polyether units (Ba2) being in particular derived from at least one polyalkylene ether polyol, in particular a polyalkylene ether diol.
- the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide according to the invention is not a poly ether block amide (PEBA).
- the semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide according to the invention is not a PA12.
- a composition according to the invention must contain a quantity of phosphinate type flame retardant (b) sufficient to give said composition the desired fire resistance properties, and in particular a classification at risk level HL2, or even HL3, according to the standard EN 45545, and preferably a classification at HL2 risk level according to the EN 45545 standard.
- Said at least one phosphinate type flame retardant (b) may be present in a content of at least 10% by weight, for example at least 14% by weight, for example at least 15% by weight, for example at least 17% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- Too low a quantity of phosphinate type flame retardant (b) does not make it possible to achieve sufficient fire resistance properties, and in particular does not make it possible to achieve a classification at risk level HL2, or even HL3 according to the EN 45545 standard. , and in particular a classification at the HL2 risk level according to standard EN 45545.
- the phosphinate type flame retardant (b) must also not be present in too high proportions, at the risk of negatively impacting the mechanical properties.
- the phosphinate type flame retardant (b) is generally present in a content of at most 40% by weight, typically up to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- Too high a quantity of phosphinate type flame retardant (b) can have negative consequences on the mechanical properties, and in particular reduce the breaking strength and/or the impact resistance and/or the fatigue resistance.
- the phosphinate type flame retardant (b) is present in a content ranging from 10 to 30% by weight, for example from 10 to 25% by weight, for example from 14 to 25% by weight, for example from 14 to 22% by weight, for example from 17 to 22% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- said at least one phosphinate type flame retardant (b) may be present in a content ranging from 14 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the flame retardant is in particular a metal salt chosen from a metal salt of phosphinic acid, a metal salt of diphosphinic acid, a polymer containing at least one metal salt of phosphinic acid, a polymer containing at least one metal salt diphosphinic acid.
- the flame retardant can also be a mixture of the aforementioned flame retardants.
- the flame retardant agent can also be chosen from the metal salt of the phosphinic acid of the following formula (I) and the metal salt of the diphosphinic acid of the following formula (II):
- RI and R2 independently of each other, denote a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group, or an aryl group;
- R3 represents a linear or branched C1-C10 alkylene, C6-C10 arylene, C6-C10 alkylarylene, or C6-C10 arylalkylene group,
- M is an ion Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, K and/or a protonated amine base
- m denotes an integer of 1 to 4
- n designates an integer from 1 to 4
- x designates an integer from 1 to 4
- n and m being chosen so that the salt is neutral, that is to say that it is not a carrier of an electric charge.
- M represents a calcium, magnesium, aluminum or zinc ion.
- RI and R2 independently of each other, denote a methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl and/or phenyl group.
- R3 represents a methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, iso-propylene, n-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-octylene, n-dodecylene group; phenylene, naphthylene; methylphenylene, ethylphenylene, tert-butylphenylene, methylnaphthylene, ethylnaphthylene, tert-butylnaphthylene; phenylmethylene, phenylethylene, phenylpropylene, or phenylbutylene.
- the flame retardant may be a diethyl aluminum phosphinate (aluminum diethyl phosphinate).
- a diethyl aluminum phosphinate aluminum diethyl phosphinate
- a composition according to the invention must contain a quantity of functionalized polyolefin sufficient to give said composition the mechanical properties sought for the intended application, in particular good fatigue resistance.
- Said at least one functionalized polyolefin (c) is present from 5 to 20% by weight, in particular from 5 to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the functionalized polyolefin may be a polymer of alpha olefins having reactive units (the functionalities); such reactive units are acid, anhydride, or epoxy functions.
- the functionalities are acid, anhydride, or epoxy functions.
- non-functionalized polyolefins grafted or co- or ter polymerized with unsaturated epoxides such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate, or with carboxylic acids or the corresponding salts or esters such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate.
- (meth)acrylic this can be totally or partially neutralized by metals such as Zn, etc.) or by anhydrides of carboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride.
- a non-functionalized polyolefin is conventionally a homopolymer or copolymer of alpha olefins or diolefins, such as for example ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- alpha olefins or diolefins such as for example ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- HDPE linear low density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene, or linear low density polyethylene
- VLDPE very low density polyethylene, or very low density polyethylene
- metallocene polyethylene metallocene polyethylene
- ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene/propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene/propylene/diene (EPDM).
- EPR abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber
- EPDM ethylene/propylene/diene
- SEBS styrene/ethylene-butene/styrene block copolymers
- SBS styrene/butadiene/styrene
- SIS styrene/isoprene/styrene
- SEPS styrene/ethylene-propylene/styrene
- a functionalized polyolefin is for example a PE/EPR mixture, the weight ratio of which can vary widely, for example between 40/60 and 90/10, said mixture being co-grafted with an anhydride, in particular maleic anhydride, according to a grafting rate for example of 0.01 to 5% by weight.
- the functionalized polyolefin can be chosen from the following (co)polymers, grafted with maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate, in which the grafting rate is for example 0.01 to 5% by weight: - PE, PP, copolymers of ethylene with propylene, butene, hexene, or octene containing for example 35 to 80% by weight of ethylene;
- ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene/propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene/propylene/diene (EPDM).
- EPR abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber
- EPDM ethylene/propylene/diene
- SEBS styrene/ethylene-butene/styrene block copolymers
- SBS styrene/butadiene/styrene
- SIS styrene/isoprene/styrene
- SEPS styrene/ethylene-propylene/styrene
- EVA vinyl acetate copolymers
- alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers containing up to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth)acrylate;
- the functionalized polyolefin can also be chosen from ethylene/propylene copolymers with a majority of propylene grafted with maleic anhydride then condensed with monoamine polyamide (or a polyamide oligomer) (products described in EP-A-0342066).
- the functionalized polyolefin can also be a co- or ter polymer of at least the following units: (1) ethylene, (2) alkyl (meth)acrylate or vinyl ester of saturated carboxylic acid and (3) anhydride such as maleic anhydride or (meth)acrylic or epoxy acid such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate.
- ethylene preferably represents at least 60% by weight and where the ter monomer (the function) represents for example from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the copolymer:
- the (meth)acrylic acid can be salified with Zn or Li.
- alkyl (meth)acrylate designates C1 to C8 alkyl methacrylates and acrylates, and can be chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate. , isobutyl acrylate, ethyl-2-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate.
- the aforementioned functionalized polyolefins can also be crosslinked by any appropriate process or agent (diepoxy, diacid, peroxide, etc.); the term functionalized polyolefin also includes mixtures of the aforementioned polyolefins with a difunctional reagent such as diacid, dianhydride, diepoxy, etc. capable of reacting with these or mixtures of at least two functionalized polyolefins capable of reacting with each other.
- a difunctional reagent such as diacid, dianhydride, diepoxy, etc.
- copolymers mentioned above can be copolymerized in a statistical or block manner and have a linear or branched structure.
- MFI melt flow index
- the polyolefin is crosslinked.
- the functionalized polyolefin can be chosen from homopolymers and copolymers of polyethylene, in particular LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE (linear low density polyethylene, or linear low density polyethylene), VLDPE (very low density polyethylene, or polyethylene). very low density) and metallocene polyethylene, and in particular among VLDPE (very low density polyethylene).
- the functionalized polyolefin can be chosen from ethylene/alkyl (meth)acrylate/(meth)acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers; ethylene/vinyl acetate/maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers; ethylene/vinyl acetate or alkyl (meth)acrylate/(meth)acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers.
- Said at least one plasticizer (e) may be present from 2 to 8% by weight, in particular from 2 to 6% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the plasticizer may be a plasticizer commonly used in compositions based on polyamide(s).
- a plasticizer is used which has good thermal stability so that no fumes are formed during the stages of mixing the different polymers and transforming the composition obtained.
- this plasticizer can be chosen from: benzene sulfonamide derivatives such as n-butyl benzene sulfonamide (BBSA), the ortho and para isomers of ethyl toluene sulfonamide (ETSA), N-cyclohexyl toluene sulfonamide and N-(2-hydroxypropyl) benzene sulfonamide (HP-BSA), esters of hydroxybenzoic acids such as 2-ethyl hexyl para-hydroxybenzoate (EHPB) and 2-decyl hexyl para-hydroxybenzoate (HDPB), esters or ethers of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol such as oligoethyleneoxy-tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, and esters of citric acid or hydroxymalonic acid, such as oligoethyleneoxymalonate.
- BBSA n-butyl benzene sulfonamide
- a preferred plasticizer is n-butyl benzene sulfonamide (BBSA).
- plasticizer is N-(2-hydroxy-propyl) benzene sulfonamide (HP-BSA).
- HP-BSA N-(2-hydroxy-propyl) benzene sulfonamide
- Said at least one additive (f) may be present from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the at least one additive can be chosen from stabilizers, dyes, processing aids, surfactants, nucleating agents, pigments, brighteners, antioxidants, lubricants, waxes, flame retardant synergists, or a mixture thereof.
- the at least one additive is chosen from antioxidants, colored pigments and fireproofing synergists, in particular nitrogen synergists based on melamine.
- the stabilizer can be a UV stabilizer, an organic stabilizer or more generally a combination of organic stabilizers, such as a phenol type antioxidant (for example of the type of irganox® 245 or 1098 or 1010 of the company BASF), a phosphite type antioxidant (for example irgafos® 126 or Irgafos® 168 from the company BASF) and even possibly other stabilizers such as a HALS, which means Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer or light stabilizer of the type hindered amine (for example Tinuvin® 770 from the company BASF), an anti-UV (for example Tinuvin® 312 from the company BASF), a phosphorus-based stabilizer. It is also possible to use amine-type antioxidants such as Naugard® 445 from the Crompton company or even polyfunctional stabilizers such as Nylostab® S-EED from the Clariant company.
- organic stabilizers such as a phenol type antioxidant (for example of the
- This stabilizer can also be a mineral stabilizer, such as a copper-based stabilizer.
- a mineral stabilizer such as a copper-based stabilizer.
- copper halides and acetates mention may be made of copper halides and acetates. Incidentally, we can possibly consider other metals such as silver, but these are known to be less effective.
- copper-based compounds are typically associated with alkali metal halides, particularly potassium.
- synergist fireproofing agents are in particular as described in WO2005121234.
- the nitrogen synergists can be chosen from nitrogen synergists and phosphorus/nitrogen synergists.
- the nitrogen synergists preferably include benzoguanamine, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, Allantoin, glycoluril, melamine, melamine cyanurate, dicyandiamide, guanidine, carbodiimides.
- the nitrogen synergists preferably include melamine condensation products.
- the condensation products of melamine are melem, melam or melon, or compounds of this type with a higher condensation rate, or a mixture thereof, and, as for example, can be prepared by the process described in United States 5,985,960.
- the phosphorus/nitrogen synergists may include reaction products of melamine with phosphoric acid or with condensed phosphoric acids, or include reaction products of condensation products of melamine with phosphoric acid or condensed phosphoric acids, or include a mixture of the specified products.
- the additives are chosen from antioxidants, colored pigments and fireproofing synergists, in particular nitrogen synergists, in particular based on melamine.
- the flame-retardant composition comprises by weight:
- the flame-retardant composition comprises by weight:
- composition (e) from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being excluding PA12.
- the flame-retardant composition comprises by weight:
- composition from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being excluding PA12 and the sum of constituents (a) to (e) being equal to 100% by weight.
- said composition comprises by weight:
- composition from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being excluding PA12 and the sum of constituents (a) to (e) being equal to 100% by weight.
- said composition comprises by weight:
- composition from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being for example excluding PA12 and the sum of constituents (a) to ( e) being for example equal to 100% by weight.
- said composition comprises by weight:
- composition from 0 to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being for example excluding PA12 and the sum of constituents (a) to ( e) being for example equal to 100% by weight.
- said composition comprises by weight: (a) from 50 to 78.9% by weight, of at least one semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide having an inherent viscosity of 1.2 to 1.6, in particular 1.2 to 1.5, in particular of 1.3 to 1.5, in particular strictly less than 1.5, in particular ranging from 1.30 to 1.48, as determined according to standard ISO 307:2007 but using m-cresol instead of sulfuric acid, a temperature of 20°C and a concentration of 0.5% by mass,
- composition from 0.1 to 5% by weight of at least one additive, said composition being for example excluding PA12 and the sum of constituents (a) to (e) being for example equal to 100% by weight weight.
- the invention also covers said compositions in which the term “includes” is replaced by the term “consisting of”.
- the invention also covers compositions for which the sum of constituents (a) to (e) being equal to 100% by weight.
- said composition is free of melamine. It may in particular comprise less than 5% by weight of melamine, in particular less than 2% by weight of melamine, or even 0% by weight of melamine, relative to the total weight of said composition.
- melamine we mean both melamine and melamine cyanurate or a nitrogen compound based on melamine.
- the flame retardant cannot be melamine or melamine cyanurate or a nitrogen compound based on melamine.
- the presence or not of melamine depends on the processing temperature of the product and in the case of a high temperature, the melamine will be too sensitive to temperature.
- melamine as a flame retardant is not possible when using polymers as targeted according to the invention, namely semi-crystalline aliphatic polymers having an inherent viscosity of between 1.2 and 1.6, in particular from 1.2 to 1.5, in particular from 1.3 to 1.5, in particular strictly less than 1.5, as determined according to the ISO standard 307:2007 but using m-cresol instead of sulfuric acid, a temperature of 20°C and a concentration of 0.5% by weight.
- compositions having both the fire resistance properties and the mechanical properties sought according to the invention by using melamine as a flame retardant.
- compositions comprising a phosphinate type flame retardant (b) made it possible to obtain a compromise, in particular an optimum, improved between mechanical resistance and fire resistance.
- compositions of the invention may comprise less than 50% by weight, in particular less than 30% by weight, in particular less than 20% by weight, in particular less than 10% by weight, in particular less than 5% by weight of PEBA as defined previously.
- a composition of the invention may in particular comprise less than 1% by weight of PEBA, in particular less than 0.5% by weight of PEBA, or even 0% by weight of PEBA, relative to the total weight of said composition.
- compositions of the invention may comprise less than 40% by weight, in particular less than 30% by weight, in particular less than 20% by weight, in particular less than 10% by weight, in particular less than 5% by weight of reinforcing fibers as defined below.
- a composition of the invention may in particular comprise less than 1% by weight of reinforcing fibers, in particular less than 0.5% by weight of reinforcing fibers, or even 0% by weight of fibers. reinforcement, relative to the total weight of said composition.
- said composition is devoid of reinforcing fibers.
- said composition is free of melamine and PEBA.
- said composition is free of melamine and reinforcing fibers.
- said composition is free of PEBA and reinforcing fibers.
- compositions of the invention may comprise less than 50% by weight, in particular less than 30% by weight, in particular less than 20% by weight, in particular less than 10% by weight, in particular less than 7, 5% by weight, in particular less than 5% by weight of PA12 as defined above.
- a composition of the invention may in particular comprise less than 1% by weight of PA12, in particular less than 0.5% by weight of PA12, or even 0% by weight of PA12, relative to the total weight of said composition.
- said composition is intended for a railway application.
- Poly ether block amide are copolymers with amide units (Bal) and polyether units (Ba2), said amide unit (Bal) corresponding to an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from at least one amino acid or an pattern obtained from at least one lactam, or an X.Y pattern obtained from polycondensation:
- diamine being chosen from a linear or branched aliphatic diamine or an aromatic diamine or a mixture thereof, and
- dicarboxylic acid said diacid being chosen from an aliphatic diacid or an aromatic diacid
- polyether units (Ba2) being in particular derived from at least one polyalkylene ether polyol, in particular a polyalkylene ether diol.
- the reinforcing fibers may in particular be chosen from reinforcing fibers of mineral, organic or plant origin.
- fibers of mineral origin mention may be made of carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers or basalt-based fibers, silica fibers, or silicon carbide fibers for example.
- fibers of organic origin mention may be made of fibers based on thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer, such as semi-aromatic polyamide fibers, aramid fibers or polyolefin fibers for example.
- fibers of plant origin mention may be made of natural fibers based on flax, hemp, lignin, bamboo, silk in particular spider silk, sisal, and other cellulosic fibers, in particular viscose.
- said composition after implementation has a limiting oxygen level (LOI) > 28.
- the present invention relates to a tube, in particular partly corrugated, comprising at least one layer consisting of a composition as defined above.
- Said tube can be single-layer or multi-layer.
- a smooth tube is used in particular for the circulation of gas under pressure.
- a corrugated tube is used in particular to serve as a cable conduit.
- partially corrugated means that the pipe has a corrugated tubular shape along part of its length.
- the corrugated part can form a single portion or several portions of the structure, in which case two corrugated portions are separated by a smooth portion.
- the corrugated part(s) makes it possible to increase the deformation and extension capacity of the tubular structure, particularly in areas where small angles are necessary.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over at least 10% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 10 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 20 to 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 30 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 40 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 50 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 60 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 70 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of 80 to more than 90% of its length.
- the tubular structure is corrugated over a proportion of more than 90% of its length.
- the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the manufacture of flame-retardant articles for the railway, in particular for trains.
- said articles are intended for the interior or exterior of trains.
- said articles are obtained by extrusion.
- the article obtained by extrusion is a corrugated tube serving as a cable conduit or a smooth tube allowing the circulation of fluid under pressure, in particular gas under pressure, in particular compressed air.
- the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the protection of a part made entirely or partly of metal.
- the invention relates to this use to give the metal-based material, on which it is applied, electrical insulation and anti-corrosion properties.
- metal-based material means metal elements shaped in whole or in part from metal or even plastic or elastic materials comprising metal fibers.
- the use according to the invention aims to confer electrical insulation and anti-corrosion properties to a part comprising a part comprising metal, of which said part is coated with said composition.
- These elements can have very diverse shapes: cable, wire, tube, container, film or plate, preferably a tube.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing an article for the railway comprising a step of extruding a composition as defined above.
- compositions in Table 1 were prepared by melt blending the polymer granules with the flame retardants, polyolefins, plasticizers and additives. This mixture was carried out by compounding on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder with a diameter of 40 mm with a flat temperature profile (T°) at 250°C. The screw speed is 300 rpm and the flow rate is 70 kg/h.
- the polyamide(s), polyolefins and additives are introduced during the compounding process into the main hopper.
- the flame retardant is added to the molten polymer, in the middle of the screw via a side feeder.
- the plasticizer is also introduced into the molten polymer via a pump.
- compositions were then injected at a temperature of 250°C to obtain the samples to be tested.
- compositions (samples) of the invention and comparative ones were tested with a limiting oxygen index measurement carried out according to standard ISO 4589-2:2017 on test pieces measuring 80x10x4 mm.
- the density of smoke during combustion is measured according to standard ISO 5659-2:2017 on plates measuring 75x75x1 mm. The maximum opacity is noted during a 10 min combustion.
- the toxicity of the smoke is measured according to the NF X70-100-l:2006 standard on a 30g sample at a temperature of 600°C.
- the inherent viscosity (IV) was determined according to the ISO 307:2007 standard but using m-cresol instead of sulfuric acid, a temperature of 20°C and a concentration of 0.5% by weight.
- the impact resistance was determined according to ISO 179: leA: 2010 (Charpy impact) on bars measuring 80mm x 10mm x 4mm, notched, at a temperature of 23°C +/- 2°C under a relative humidity of 50 % +/- 10% and at -30°C +/-2°C under a relative humidity of 50% +/- 10% on dry samples.
- the tensile modulus, the stress at 50% deformation and at break and the elongation at break were measured at 23°C according to standard ISO 527-1: 2012 on a dry sample.
- the target properties are: modulus ⁇ 1200 MPa, elongation at break > 100%, stress at 50% deformation ⁇ 40 MPa, stress at break ⁇ 50 MPa.
- the machine used is INSTRON 5966 type.
- the speed of the crosshead is 1 mm/min for measuring the modulus and 50 mm/min for the stress at 50% deformation and at break and the elongation at break. .
- the test conditions are 23°C +/- 2°C, on dry samples.
- Fatigue resistance is measured by a Ross Flex test on 10 bars measuring 150 x 20 x 2 mm without notch. The measurement was carried out as follows:
- Orevac® IM800 VLDPE (very low density polyethylene) grafted maleic anhydride (SK functional polymer).
- Lotader® AX8900 copolymer of ethylene, methyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate (Et/MA/GMA - 68/24/8 by weight) (SK functional polymer).
- Renol® black AF 34132010-ZA black masterbatch marketed by Clariant.
- Anox® TL 91 antioxidant marketed by SI group.
- Exolit® OP1311 is a Clariant product (flame retardant based on diethyl aluminum phosphinate).
- Melapur MC25 is a BASF product (melamine cyanurate-based flame retardant)
- Fire resistance The EN 45545 standard sets different specifications depending on the category of materials. Polyamide tubes correspond to categories R22 and R23 whose fire requirements are as follows (Table 3):
- Hazard level Three risk level classifications (Hazard level) HL1, HL2 or HL3 can be achieved depending on their fire properties.
- CIT Conventional toxicity index.
- the examples show in particular the influence of the inherent viscosity as well as the influence of the range of plasticizer and other constituents on the mechanical criteria and in particular for fatigue resistance and cold shock.
- Corrugated tubes with an external diameter of 32 mm were extruded at 230° C. with the formulations of the examples according to the invention El to E6. These confirm the mechanical performance and fire resistance of these products.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2203980A FR3135085B1 (fr) | 2022-04-28 | 2022-04-28 | Compositions de polyamide ignifuge ductile et leur utilisation notamment pour application ferroviaire |
| PCT/FR2023/000061 WO2023209293A1 (fr) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Compositions de polyamide ignifuge ductile et leur utilisation notamment pour application ferroviaire |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP4514587A1 true EP4514587A1 (fr) | 2025-03-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23727396.6A Pending EP4514587A1 (fr) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Compositions de polyamide ignifuge ductile et leur utilisation notamment pour application ferroviaire |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250289955A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4514587A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025514944A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250004862A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119095713A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3249502A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3135085B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023209293A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2629090B1 (fr) | 1988-03-24 | 1990-11-23 | Atochem | Copolymere greffe a base d'alpha-mono-olefine, son procede de fabrication, son application a la fabrication d'alliages thermoplastiques, alliages thermoplastiques obtenus |
| EP1501314A4 (fr) | 2002-04-26 | 2010-03-17 | Nec Corp | Systeme de transfert d'images en mouvement, appareils de codage et de decodage d'images en mouvement, et programme de transfert d'images en mouvement |
| DE102005026265A1 (de) | 2005-06-08 | 2006-12-14 | Degussa Ag | Brandgeschützte Polyamidformmasse |
| WO2005121234A2 (fr) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-12-22 | Solvay Advanced Polymers, L.L.C. | Composition polymere ignifuge presentant une stabilite thermique accrue |
| FR2938845B1 (fr) * | 2008-11-25 | 2012-12-28 | Arkema France | Composition thermoplastique a base de polyamide et de polyolefine |
| US20150218346A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2015-08-06 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Plastic part for a railway vehicle |
| EP3127937B1 (fr) | 2015-08-06 | 2018-03-07 | Ems-Patent Ag | Masses de formage en polyamide 12 ignifuge pour applications ferroviaires |
| FR3049952B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-08 | 2018-03-30 | Arkema France | Composition a base de polyamide pour des tuyaux contenant du petrole ou du gaz |
-
2022
- 2022-04-28 FR FR2203980A patent/FR3135085B1/fr active Active
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2023
- 2023-04-28 JP JP2024562260A patent/JP2025514944A/ja active Pending
- 2023-04-28 US US18/860,687 patent/US20250289955A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-28 CA CA3249502A patent/CA3249502A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-04-28 CN CN202380036630.1A patent/CN119095713A/zh active Pending
- 2023-04-28 WO PCT/FR2023/000061 patent/WO2023209293A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-28 KR KR1020247039174A patent/KR20250004862A/ko active Pending
- 2023-04-28 EP EP23727396.6A patent/EP4514587A1/fr active Pending
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2023209293A1 (fr) | 2023-11-02 |
| JP2025514944A (ja) | 2025-05-13 |
| FR3135085B1 (fr) | 2026-01-16 |
| CA3249502A1 (fr) | 2023-11-02 |
| FR3135085A1 (fr) | 2023-11-03 |
| US20250289955A1 (en) | 2025-09-18 |
| KR20250004862A (ko) | 2025-01-08 |
| CN119095713A (zh) | 2024-12-06 |
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