EP4500080B1 - Brennerverfahren für eine eisenbrennstoff-verbrennungsanordnung - Google Patents

Brennerverfahren für eine eisenbrennstoff-verbrennungsanordnung

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Publication number
EP4500080B1
EP4500080B1 EP23715272.3A EP23715272A EP4500080B1 EP 4500080 B1 EP4500080 B1 EP 4500080B1 EP 23715272 A EP23715272 A EP 23715272A EP 4500080 B1 EP4500080 B1 EP 4500080B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
iron fuel
iron
burner
air
fuel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP23715272.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4500080C0 (de
EP4500080A1 (de
Inventor
Jeroen Gabriël Franciscus HOUTAPPELS
Marco Anton Frederik DERKSEN
Marcus Wilhelmus Petrus VERHAGEN
Vincent Jacobus Theodorus SEIJGER
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Renewable Iron Fuel Technology BV
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Renewable Iron Fuel Technology BV
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Publication of EP4500080A1 publication Critical patent/EP4500080A1/de
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Publication of EP4500080B1 publication Critical patent/EP4500080B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/22—Fuel feeders specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using solid fuels; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23B2900/00003—Combustion devices specially adapted for burning metal fuels, e.g. Al or Mg
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/06—Combustion apparatus using pulverized fuel
    • F23C2700/063—Arrangements for igniting, flame-guiding, air supply in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/06—Combustion apparatus using pulverized fuel
    • F23C2700/066—Other special arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner process for iron fuel combustion.
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • CO 2 carbon-neutral fuel
  • CO 2 or other greenhouse gasses are used as feedstock.
  • Iron fuel is a very promising fuel in which energy is stored in the iron powder when and where needed.
  • iron powder is flammable and has the property that when the iron powder is burned, a lot of energy is released in the form of heat, without CO 2 -emissions and lower NO x -emission than alternative fuels. This heat can then be converted into hot water, steam or electricity for use in any kind of application or industry.
  • Another important property of iron powder is that only rust remains during combustion, while no CO 2 is released during the combustion of the iron powder. The rust, as a product, can be collected and converted back into the iron powder in a sustainable manner, which makes it a fully circular process.
  • iron fuel is CO 2 free, circular and easy, safe, and cheap to store and transport makes it an ideal clean and sustainable alternative for fossil fuels to meet the demand for energy in various industries but also in all kinds of other applications.
  • US2009223467A1 discloses an engine for the combustion of a fuel/air dispersion, wherein the fuel is made of iron powder.
  • the invention relates to a burner process for iron fuel combustion, comprising the steps of:
  • the present disclosure relates to a burner process for iron fuel combustion.
  • the inventors have found that the known burner processes which are suitable for example for burning coal, coal-like material, waste and biomass are not suitable or less suitable for burning iron fuels.
  • specific process design requirements are applicable which are different from these known burner processes.
  • Burning iron fuel has different chemical and physical properties when compared to conventional fuels. Another difference is that iron fuel is intended to be used as a burnable clean energy medium in which the iron powder can be used in a circular manner, meaning that the waste product of the iron fuel after burning, i.e. the rust or iron oxide powder, is to be collected and should be suitable to be converted back into iron powder.
  • the properties of iron fuel are very different from other fuel types like diesel, coal or coal-like materials.
  • the parameters for traditional burning processes do not suffice and are not able to meet the requirements for such burner process in terms of i) fuel supply, ii) stable, continuous combustion, iii) general performance of iron fuel combustion arrangements and iv) for the purpose of reusing residual iron oxide powder.
  • Iron powder has many advantages, amongst which, that it is cheap, abundant, easy to transport and has a high energy density. Moreover, the storage and transport have little requirements, whereas other high energy density fuels such as hydrogen for example require extreme compression and/or cooling for efficient transport and storage. Iron fuel also has little tendency to lose energy during long periods of storage.
  • Recovering rust for converting it back into iron power is not the only requirement for an iron burning process to be considered successful, as the iron to iron oxide conversion should be maximized as well in order for the process to be considered sufficiently efficient.
  • the iron fuel should be in suspension, i.e. the iron is to be provided as an iron fuel suspension medium comprising iron fuel, i.e. iron powder and oxygen (preferably in a medium containing oxygen and possibly other gasses) in a solid density of between 2 and 15 kg/Nm 3 and more preferably between 4 to 8 kg/Nm 3 .
  • the iron fuel suspension medium is preferably transported as a uniform distribution throughout the cross-section of the pipe or duct, meaning the suspension is homogeneously transported.
  • the skilled person will acknowledges that a fully uniform distribution of the iron fuel powder is ideal, but that in practice it will deviate from this to a limited extent due to, among other things, the pathway of the medium towards/into the burner arrangement.
  • uniform distribution or homogeneous transport is to be interpreted as one or multiple homogeneous distributions of the iron fuel (particles) within the suspension medium.
  • uniform distribution with respect to particle sizes present in the iron fuel particle size distribution, and most preferably, homogeneous distribution in respect of both the particle mass and the particle size within the medium.
  • the suspension medium Upon introduction of the suspension medium into the burner arrangement, it is subjected with a specific impulse that enhances the dispersion of the powder in the widening burner geometry and enables for proper mixing of the suspension medium with the additional air from the air inlet means.
  • the air inlet means thus provide a further supply of air into the burner arrangement, in addition to the air already comprised in the suspension medium prior to the introduction of the suspension medium into the burner arrangement which serves the purpose of providing oxygen for combustion.
  • the air inlet means introduce air into the burner arrangement in which the air mixes with the suspension medium.
  • the burner arrangement may comprise of one or a plurality of air inlet means which may be disposed in parallel, in series, or in any other applicable configuration. This lowers the solid density of the suspension medium towards the required oxygen-to-fuel equivalence ratio.
  • the medium is suitable for combustion which is defined as combustible medium, such that in the final step of the process the combustible medium can be ignited and a stable and efficient burning process is obtained.
  • ignition is to be understood as either self-ignition of the medium in the right conditions, e.g. oxygen-to-fuel ratio, iron fuel solid density, mixture temperature, velocity, etc., but ignition may also be understood as an active step of direct ignition of the medium through ignition means or indirect igniting as for example pre-heating means to increase the temperature of the medium to such a degree that it ignites. Also, ignition may be interpreted as both pre-heating and actively igniting the medium through ignition means.
  • the suspension medium By mixing the suspension medium with an oxygen containing gas to increase the oxygen level in the medium to the aforementioned ratio the iron particles concentration is lowered throughout the cross-section of the burner and the suspension density is thus lowered.
  • mixing the suspension medium with too much oxygen would increase the oxygen levels to such a degree that the iron fuel could burn too fast and/or at too high temperatures, resulting in peak temperatures, which in turn create undesirable nanoparticles which are difficult to separate and difficult to convert back into iron fuel, and further creates emission problems due to unrecoverable particles.
  • the medium is subjected to air from the air inlet means according to a specific angular momentum ratio between 3 and 12 and more preferably between 3.8 and 8.9.
  • the overall angular momentum ratio is of more importance and is high, and higher when compared to conventional burner processes, amongst others due to the density and heating value of the iron fuel, resulting in the density and required velocity of the suspension medium. This results in sufficient degree of mixing and the defined oxygen-to-fuel fuel ratio.
  • the inventors found that subjecting the suspension medium to a high impulse could result in particle slagging, agglomeration and attrition which has a negative effect on the burner process and on the separation (and further conversion into iron fuel) of the rust particles and results in mass losses due to sticking to the burner wall surface which is undesirable as it has a negative effect operability of the burner and on the amount of iron oxide mass can be reused reuse of iron oxide. If the impulse would be too low, i.e.
  • a 1 MW burner may have an iron fuel flow of approximately 500 kg/h.
  • a suspension density of 6 kg/Nm3 and a suspension velocity of 40 m/s this requires a suspension inlet with a diameter of approximately 27.2 mm.
  • the area-weighted mean radius of this inlet is 9.62 mm in this case.
  • the cross-sectional diameter of the burner arrangement in the first and second inlet stage then equals 67.7 and 91.8 mm respectively.
  • the radial distance from the center of the suspension flow to the mean of the center of the air inlets then equals approximately 39.9 mm.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ both equal 90° the angular momentum of the suspension flow and air flow then equal 6.52E-2 and 4.98E-1 kg*m ⁇ 2/s respectively, this leads to an overall angular momentum ratio of approximately 7.64. It is expressed that this example is merely one example of a burner process according to the present disclosure, and other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention.
  • the temperature of at least part of the combustible medium obtained in step (e) has a minimum temperature equal to the ignition temperature of the iron fuel.
  • the flame stability is obtained when the combustible medium has a temperature equal to the ignition temperature of the iron fuel.
  • the temperature of the iron fuel suspension medium in step (b) is at least approximately equal to the ambient air temperature of the burner arrangement and more preferably has a temperature of between ambient air temperature of the burner arrangement and maximum temperature lower than the ignition temperature of the iron fuel. With ambient air temperature also the outside temperature is meant.
  • the upon step (c) and (d) the process further comprises heating with heating means, for heating said at least part of said combustible medium to a temperature of at least the ignition temperature of the iron fuel.
  • said air of said air inlet means are providing at a temperature of between 0 and 400 °C.
  • said air of said air inlet means are providing at a temperature which is at least approximately equal to the ambient air temperature of the burner arrangement and more preferably between ambient air temperature of the burner arrangement and 400 °C.
  • the iron fuel suspension medium may be introduced at increased temperature, e.g. by heating the suspension medium in but more preferably prior to the introduction thereof in the burner, or by heating the air of the air inlet means, preferably prior to introduction into the burner.
  • heating means e.g. by heating the suspension medium in but more preferably prior to the introduction thereof in the burner, or by heating the air of the air inlet means, preferably prior to introduction into the burner.
  • heating means e.g. by heating the suspension medium in but more preferably prior to the introduction thereof in the burner, or by heating the air of the air inlet means, preferably prior to introduction into the burner.
  • the temperature in the burner may also be increased by heating through heating means, recirculation, a pilot flame, hot spiral or one of several types of electrical heating means.
  • said air inlet means are arranged for directing said air from said air inlet means in a tangential manner, and/or at an angle, with respect to said iron fuel suspension medium, into said iron fuel burner arrangement.
  • a swirl of iron fuel suspension medium is created.
  • said air inlet means are arranged for directing said air from said air inlet means in a coaxial manner, with respect to said iron fuel suspension medium, into said iron fuel burner arrangement.
  • the iron fuel suspension medium has a homogeneous distribution of iron fuel particles in said medium.
  • the iron fuel particles in said iron fuel suspension medium are homogeneous with respect to their particles sizes.
  • the impulse is achieved by introduction of air through the air inlet means. These direct the air either tangentially, at an angle or coaxially with respect to the inlet of the suspension medium.
  • These inlet ports of the air inlet means may be positioned tangentially in the circumference wall of the burner arrangement and may have 2, 3, 4, 5 or more air inlet ports.
  • the air inlet ports of the air inlet means may be positioned in a tangential or coaxial manner in such a configuration that the (mixed) suspension medium starts to swirl, which improves the mixing and the homogeneity of the iron fuel in the medium.
  • said iron fuel suspension medium has an oxygen concentration of 6-22 vol.%.
  • said air from said air inlets has an oxygen concentration of 6-22 vol.%.
  • the air from the air inlet means add to a stable and efficient burning process and the concentration may be applicable to the suspension medium upon introduction into the burner arrangement, but also to the air of the air inlet means.
  • said iron fuel burner arrangement has a widening geometry for promoting said spreading the flow radially outward of said iron fuel suspension medium with said air from said air inlet means.
  • said iron fuel suspension medium is introduced into said iron fuel burner arrangement at an angle and/or with a swirl.
  • the suspension medium achieves a swirl pattern, it not only improves burning properties and mixing of air, but may also prevent or reduce deposition on the walls of the burner arrangement when the swirl is not too strong.
  • the suspension medium can be introduced into the burner arrangement in such a manner to increase this swirl effect by introducing it at an angle or as swirl.
  • Fig. 1 the four basic and minimal steps are shown in an illustrative manner of a burner process of iron fuel combustion.
  • Combustion - or burning - of iron fuel is different from the combustion of conventional fuels.
  • Known burning processes suitable for example burning coal, coal-like material, biomass and waste, are not suitable or less suitable for burning iron fuels.
  • Burning iron fuel requires specific process design concepts which are different from these known burner processes. Due to the different chemical and physical properties of iron fuel as compared to conventional fuels, the conventional burner processes do not suffice.
  • Iron just like some other metals, can be burned to generate heat.
  • the iron powder used for such purpose has a particular and preferred particle size or grain size which may lie in the range between 1 and 250 micrometer, and more preferably, between 20 and 150 micrometer.
  • the iron fuel is burned in oxygen containing gas, such as air.
  • oxygen containing gas such as air
  • the heat may further be used in a boiler or other means to transport the heat to desired locations, or to convert it into rotational energy, e.g. to generate electricity.
  • a burner process for iron fuel combustion is shown which meets these requirements and overcomes such challenges.
  • the burner process comprises of several steps and at least the following:
  • the iron fuel suspension medium is provided.
  • the medium may comprise several components but at least comprises iron fuel (iron powder) and oxygen, possibly in a medium completely comprised of oxygen but more likely, containing oxygen and other components.
  • the iron fuel and oxygen are provided in a suspension solid density of between 2 and 15 kg/Nm 3 and preferably between 4 and 8 kg/Nm 3 .
  • the iron fuel suspension medium with such properties is introduced, in the next step B, into the iron fuel burner arrangement.
  • the speed at which the suspension medium is introduced is at least above 5.5 m/s to assure the particles remain suspended in the airflow, and does not exceed 55 m/s as that would introduce further difficulties in respect of flame stability and especially mixing of the air by the air inlet means.
  • the iron fuel suspension medium does not yet meet the requirements which are considered sufficient for combustion of the fuel. Therefore, the suspension medium is subjected to an air flow at step C.
  • the flow is provided by air inlet means which may comprise of one means, or several means and may have one or several (preferably evenly distributed) air inlet ports which introduce the air into the burner arrangement.
  • the air flow mixes with the iron fuel suspension medium to obtain a medium which meets combustion requirements and as such is defined as a combustible medium.
  • the mixing is the result of the air inlet means to introduce the air and direct the air to the suspension medium with a certain impulse creating an angular momentum in the flow.
  • the overall angular momentum ratio is between 3 and 12 to ensure the suspension moves sufficiently radially outward (creates angle ⁇ in Fig. 2 ), but also such that the radially outward movement of the suspension flow does not become too large such that extreme wear of burner components occurs.
  • this ratio is between 3.8 and 8.9.
  • the upper limit poses a risk of wear of particles and potential agglomeration and formation of stalagmites / stalactites in the burner arrangement and downstream components.
  • the medium may be ignited. In this way heat is generated, with an iron oxide containing medium as residue, from which the iron oxide can be separated, recovered and regenerated back into iron fuel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung, umfassend die Schritte:
    (a) Bereitstellen eines Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmediums, das Eisenbrennstoff und Sauerstoff in einer Suspensionsfeststoffdichte von zwischen 2 und 15 kg/Nm3 und bevorzugter zwischen 4 und 8 kg/Nm3 umfasst;
    (b) Einführen des Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmediums in eine Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung mit einer Geschwindigkeit von zwischen 5,5 und 55 m/s und bevorzugter zwischen 20 und 40 m/s;
    (c) Einführen von Luft aus Lufteinlassmitteln in die Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung, wobei die Luft aus den Lufteinlassmitteln mit einem Gesamtdrehimpulsverhältnis zwischen der Luft und dem Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium von zwischen 3 und 12 und bevorzugter zwischen 3,8 und 8,9 eingeführt wird;
    (d) Mischen des Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmediums, indem es so mit der Luft beaufschlagt wird, dass ein Gesamt-Sauerstoff-Brennstoff-Äquivalenzverhältnis zwischen 1,0 und 2,5 und bevorzugter zwischen 1,2 und 1,8 erhalten wird, um ein brennbares Medium in der Brenneranordnung zu erhalten;
    (e) Zünden des brennbaren Mediums, um ein brennendes Eisenbrennstoffenthaltendes Medium bereitzustellen.
  2. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Temperatur wenigstens eines Teils des bei Schritt (e) erhaltenen brennbaren Mediums eine Mindesttemperatur aufweist, die gleich der Zündtemperatur des Eisenbrennstoffs ist.
  3. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Temperatur des Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmediums bei Schritt (b) wenigstens näherungsweise gleich der Umgebungslufttemperatur der Brenneranordnung ist und bevorzugter eine Temperatur zwischen der Umgebungslufttemperatur der Brenneranordnung und der höchsten Temperatur, die niedriger als die Zündtemperatur des Eisenbrennstoffs ist, aufweist.
  4. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, wobei bei Schritt (c), (d) und (e) das Verfahren ferner Erhitzen mit Heizmitteln umfasst, um wenigstens einen Teil des brennbaren Mediums auf eine Mindesttemperatur zu erhitzen, die wenigstens gleich der Zündtemperatur des Eisenbrennstoffs ist.
  5. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der Ansprüche 2-4, wobei die Luft der Lufteinlassmittel eine Temperatur bereitstellt, die wenigstens näherungsweise gleich der Umgebungslufttemperatur der Brenneranordnung ist und bevorzugter zwischen der Umgebungslufttemperatur der Brenneranordnung und 400 °C liegt.
  6. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Lufteinlassmittel angeordnet sind, um die Luft von den Lufteinlassmitteln auf eine tangentiale Weise und/oder in einem Winkel bezogen auf das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium in die Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung zu leiten.
  7. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium unter einem Winkel und/oder mit einem Drall in die Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung eingebracht wird.
  8. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Lufteinlassmittel angeordnet sind, um die Luft auf eine koaxiale Weise und/oder in einem Winkel bezogen auf das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium in die Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung zu leiten.
  9. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium im Querschnitt eine homogene Verteilung von Eisenbrennstoffpartikeln in dem Medium aufweist.
  10. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Eisenbrennstoffpartikel hinsichtlich ihrer Partikelgrößen in dem Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium im Querschnitt homogen verteilt sind.
  11. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium eine Sauerstoffkonzentration von 6-22 Vol.-% aufweist.
  12. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1-10, wobei das Eisenbrennstoff-Suspensionsmedium eine angereicherte Sauerstoffkonzentration, die wenigstens höher als die Umgebungs-Sauerstoffkonzentrationen ist, zur Eisenbrennstoff-Zündverstärkung aufweist.
  13. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Luft aus den Lufteinlässen eine Sauerstoffkonzentration von 6-22 Vol.-% aufweist.
  14. Brennerverfahren zur Eisenbrennstoffverbrennung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Eisenbrennstoff-Brenneranordnung eine sich aufweitende Geometrie aufweist, die bei Nennbelastung eine näherungsweise konstante mittlere axiale Geschwindigkeit der Strömungen im Querschnitt über die Länge der Brenneranordnung bereitstellt, die bei Schritt (c) und/oder (d) erreicht wird.
EP23715272.3A 2022-03-28 2023-03-28 Brennerverfahren für eine eisenbrennstoff-verbrennungsanordnung Active EP4500080B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2031419A NL2031419B1 (en) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Burner process for iron fuel combustion arrangement
PCT/NL2023/050156 WO2023191619A1 (en) 2022-03-28 2023-03-28 Burner process for iron fuel combustion arrangement

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EP4500080A1 EP4500080A1 (de) 2025-02-05
EP4500080C0 EP4500080C0 (de) 2025-11-26
EP4500080B1 true EP4500080B1 (de) 2025-11-26

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US (1) US20250189121A1 (de)
EP (1) EP4500080B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2025509984A (de)
CN (1) CN118871713A (de)
AU (1) AU2023243581A1 (de)
CA (1) CA3253484A1 (de)
ES (1) ES3056627T3 (de)
NL (1) NL2031419B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2023191619A1 (de)

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WO2025259107A1 (en) 2024-06-10 2025-12-18 Renewable Iron Fuel Technology B.V. A method for the production of iron oxide

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WO2023028697A1 (en) * 2021-09-01 2023-03-09 The Royal Institution For The Advancement Of Learning / Mcgill University System for self-sustaining combustion of iron particles and method thereof
WO2023080789A1 (en) * 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 Renewable Iron Fuel Technology B.V. Iron fuel combustion arrangement

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AU2007322069B8 (en) * 2006-11-17 2014-06-05 Summerhill Biomass Systems, Inc. Powdered fuels, dispersions thereof, and combustion devices related thereto
CN111895389A (zh) * 2020-07-24 2020-11-06 西北工业大学 一种金属粉末稳定燃烧组织装置与方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023028697A1 (en) * 2021-09-01 2023-03-09 The Royal Institution For The Advancement Of Learning / Mcgill University System for self-sustaining combustion of iron particles and method thereof
WO2023080789A1 (en) * 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 Renewable Iron Fuel Technology B.V. Iron fuel combustion arrangement

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US20250189121A1 (en) 2025-06-12
CA3253484A1 (en) 2023-10-05
EP4500080C0 (de) 2025-11-26
JP2025509984A (ja) 2025-04-11
CN118871713A (zh) 2024-10-29
EP4500080A1 (de) 2025-02-05
ES3056627T3 (en) 2026-02-23
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