EP4487059A1 - Zufuhreinrichtung, brennersystem und verfahren - Google Patents
Zufuhreinrichtung, brennersystem und verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4487059A1 EP4487059A1 EP23709616.9A EP23709616A EP4487059A1 EP 4487059 A1 EP4487059 A1 EP 4487059A1 EP 23709616 A EP23709616 A EP 23709616A EP 4487059 A1 EP4487059 A1 EP 4487059A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- nozzle
- feed
- injector element
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/283—Attaching or cooling of fuel injecting means including supports for fuel injectors, stems, or lances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
- F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
- F23D11/107—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet at least one of both being subjected to a swirling motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details
- F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
- F23D11/383—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor with swirl means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/286—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply having fuel-air premixing devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/11101—Pulverising gas flow impinging on fuel from pre-filming surface, e.g. lip atomizers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/03282—High speed injection of air and/or fuel inducing internal recirculation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a feed device, in particular for use in a gas turbine, for the swirl-free feed of oxidizer and fuel into a combustion chamber, comprising a feed nozzle with a nozzle channel bounded by a nozzle wall and aligned along a longitudinal axis L, in particular cylindrical, which is located in an outlet opening on the combustion chamber side to adjoin the combustion chamber, and an injector element for adding the fuel into the nozzle channel.
- the invention also relates to a burner system with a feed device and a method for the swirl-free feed of oxidizer and fuel into a combustion chamber.
- Such burner systems with at least one such supply device are also known as recirculation-stabilized jet flame burners for non-twisted high-speed combustion, or also FLOX® burner systems.
- a burner system can be found, for example, in EP 1 918 641 A2.
- the combustion zone in the combustion chamber is stabilized during operation by a large-scale, combustion-chamber-internal recirculation of exhaust gas, which forms due to the introduction of oxidizer/fuel jets with a sufficiently high axial momentum into the combustion chamber.
- the recirculation brings the burnt, hot exhaust gas back to the jet root near the supply nozzles and mixes it with the incoming fresh gases.
- the recirculation zone In a known ring-shaped arrangement of the feed nozzles, the recirculation zone generally occurs essentially radially inside the nozzle ring.
- EP 0 769 655 A2 shows an airblast atomizer nozzle for operating a burner operated with liquid fuels.
- the nozzle has a liquid fuel tube in an air supply line, around which a partition is arranged.
- Two air ducts arranged concentrically to one another are formed by means of the intermediate wall, an inner air duct and an outer air duct. The airflow through the air passages is atomizing air. A main combustion air is added further downstream in the duct.
- US 4 261 517 A discloses a fuel nozzle for introducing atomized fuel.
- EP 0 660 038 A2 shows a fuel supply device for introducing a liquid fuel, the combustion air being wired by means of swirl generators.
- US Pat. No. 8,590,812 B2 shows a fuel feed nozzle for feeding liquid and gaseous fuels into a combustion chamber.
- the fuel can interact with the inner wall of the nozzle in burner systems of this type, so that enriched fuel on the inner wall of the nozzle reaches the combustion chamber as a ligament or in the form of large, poorly atomized droplets.
- This has an immediate negative impact on burner system stability, operating envelope and emissions.
- the object of the invention is to provide a supply device of the type mentioned at the outset for the stable operation of a burner system mentioned at the outset, as well as a corresponding burner system and method for the supply.
- the supply device provides that the injector element is designed for the addition of liquid fuel and that a film-laying device, in particular a cylindrical one, surrounding the injector element (completely radially) is arranged radially between the injector element and the nozzle wall, with the nozzle wall and the radial outside an outer channel (for flow through with an external current) is formed in the film laying device.
- a film-laying device in particular a cylindrical one, surrounding the injector element (completely radially) is arranged radially between the injector element and the nozzle wall, with the nozzle wall and the radial outside an outer channel (for flow through with an external current) is formed in the film laying device.
- the film-laying device is in particular designed in the manner of a sleeve and/or in particular with open axial ends for the oxidant to flow through.
- the cross section of the nozzle wall is constant over its length, for example.
- the outer channel and/or the inner channel have in particular an annular gap with a gap height that is essentially constant in a respective cross section (at a constant axial position and/or at least largely over its axial length).
- Switche free refers to the delivery of fuel and oxidizer into the combustion chamber. When fuel is added to the oxidizer flow within the feed nozzle, there may be a swirl flow.
- the fuel may, for example, be a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, e.g. B. a kerosene and / or (heating) oil, and / or act as a pure liquid hydrocarbon present.
- the feed device and/or the burner system is/are also suitable for operation with fuels in other aggregates individual states can be combined, e.g. B. with gaseous or supercritical fuels, preferably in combination with a / a trained (separate) injector element and / or feed device.
- Advantageous atomization of the fuel can be achieved by the film-laying device using the high momentum of the oxidizer flow within the feed nozzle.
- the combination of film laying device and injector element makes it possible to use the high flow impulse of the process air (the oxidizer flow) available in a FLOX® burner system in the feed nozzle for atomization by means of the film laying device (especially at the atomization edge).
- unwanted liquid interaction which is unfavorable for the burner system, is avoided on the inner wall of the feed nozzle.
- the feed device is particularly suitable for very short overall lengths and feed nozzles and is also suitable for direct injection into the combustion chamber (atomization edge at the outflow opening).
- An inner channel (for flow through with an inner stream) is preferably formed radially inside the film-laying device, in particular between the radial inner side of the film-laying device and the injector element.
- the film laying device preferably has at least over a large part of its axial length (more than 50%, preferably over the entire axial length). essentially (e.g. apart from a functionally favorable shape at the edges) constant external dimensions, in particular a constant internal diameter diameter and/or outside diameter. In particular, the entire film laying device runs parallel to the nozzle wall.
- the film-applying device has an atomizing edge at its downstream axial end, with the wall of the film-applying device in particular tapering towards the atomizing edge in order to obtain a sharp-edged configuration of the atomizing edge.
- the atomization edge is preferably oriented in the axial direction, without a radial directional component, without forming a constriction, in order to avoid additional pressure losses or disturbances in the flow guidance.
- the wall of the film laying device also tapers towards an upstream edge.
- the injector element is preferably elongate (i.e. with a greater axial than radial extension) and/or protrudes into the feed nozzle.
- the injector element has an at least essentially cylindrical and/or (e.g. apart from the downstream area, at the injection point) constant cross-section, at least within the feed nozzle and/or the film-applying device.
- the feed nozzle, the film laying device and the injector element are preferably arranged coaxially to one another with respect to the longitudinal axis.
- the injector element is arranged in particular centrally on the longitudinal axis. In operation, a symmetrical flow control can be achieved together with advantageous combustion properties (stability, low emissions).
- the injection point of the fuel is preferably arranged on the injector device at the downstream end of the injector device and/or centrally, on the longitudinal axis (of the feed device or the feed nozzle). At the injection point, the fuel emerges from the injector element, in particular via a single, central outlet opening or via several outlet openings on the injector relement, into the feed nozzle (inside the film laying device). Undesirable wetting of the injector device is thus advantageously avoided.
- the oxidizer flows (internal flow and external flow) and the axial directional component of the fuel (droplet) flow preferably point in the same axial direction, in the direction of the combustion chamber. There is no countercurrent introduction of the fuel into the oxidizer flow.
- the injection point of the injector device is arranged axially between the atomization edge and an upstream edge of the film-laying device.
- the upstream edge and the atomizing edge define the length of the film applicator, which is, for example, between one and five times the diameter of the film applicator.
- the inner channel is formed in the form of an annular channel between the upstream edge and the injection point.
- the injector element for adding a fuel cone is designed with an opening angle ⁇ (in the axial-radial direction) between 40° and 120°, in particular between 60° and 100°.
- the fuel is preferably introduced into the feed nozzle with a twist, as a result of which the fuel cone is formed starting from the injection point.
- the distance between the injection point and the atomization edge is preferably designed in such a way that (at least) part of the fuel impinges on the inside of the film-laying device, forming a fuel film (another part of the fuel, which is preferably atomized at the injection point, follows the internal flow directly into the feed nozzle).
- the aim is for the axial extent of the fuel film to be as short as possible.
- the distance between the injection point and the atomization edge is therefore designed in particular taking into account the opening angle a of the fuel cone for film formation.
- the injector element is preferably designed as a pressure swirl injector, with a swirl generator being arranged in the injector element for imparting a swirl during fuel injection.
- the relative fuel pressure pressure difference between the injector element and the combustion chamber) when it is introduced into the injector element is between 1 bar and 100 bar, for example.
- the swirl generator has in particular a swirl chamber, in which fuel through several, z. B.
- the (in particular circular) flow cross-section tapers towards the outlet opening, in particular conically, to a narrowest cross-section, and widens downstream of the narrowest cross-section steadily, in particular in a trumpet-like manner, to a larger cross-section (e.g. with 1, 2- to 3- multiple diameter) at the transition to the feed nozzle (outlet edge). Due to the particularly trumpet-like widening, the defined opening angle of the fuel cone can be maintained even with comparatively low mass flows due to the Coanda effect.
- a continuous, sharp outlet edge is formed at the outlet opening of the injector element at the transition to the feed nozzle.
- an angle between the wall surfaces converging at the exit edge is less than 90°.
- the distance between the injection point and the film-layer atomization edge is preferably designed in such a way that at least part of the fuel impinges on the inside of the film-layer device during operation, forming a (atomizable) fuel film.
- the distance between the injection point and the atomization edge depends in particular on the formation of the fuel film.
- the length of the fuel film should be e.g. B. be at least 1-2 mm.
- the shearing layer atomizes the film of fuel into fine droplets, which are carried further downstream with the oxidizer flow in the direction of the outlet opening.
- the outer channel and the inner channel are designed to be coordinated with one another in such a way that, during operation, a total oxidant stream flowing through the nozzle channel is divided into an outer stream and an inner stream, with the velocity of the outer stream being greater than the velocity of the inner stream, e.g. B. by a factor of between 1.3 and 7, preferably between 2 and 5.
- the external flow and the internal flow preferably flow in parallel to one another.
- the external flow is used for atomization at the downstream end of the film-laying device and protects the nozzle wall from wetting the fuel.
- the atomization into fuel droplets at the atomization edge takes place in particular due to the high shearing speeds of the external flow.
- the inner flow interacts with the fuel downstream of the injection point. Downstream of the atomization edge, the fuel droplets follow the oxidizer flow.
- an advantageous speed ratio (or a range of advantageous speed ratios, e.g. depending on the operating point)
- three design factors in particular are taken into account: firstly, shearing between the external flow and the internal flow can be achieved, secondly, wetting of the nozzle wall with fuel downstream of the atomization edge by a high external impulse by means of the external flow can be avoided, and thirdly, a sufficiently high speed of the internal flow can be provided in order to advance the fuel film within the film-laying device to the atomization edge.
- the design is carried out in particular using computer-aided flow simulation (CFD) and / or experimentally, with z.
- CFD computer-aided flow simulation
- B the ratio of the flow cross sections of the outer channel and the inner channel can be varied.
- the maximum flow momentum for atomization at the atomization edge can be used if the feed nozzle at and/or downstream of the film laying device, in particular at and/or downstream of the atomization edge, does not have a reduction in the flow cross section.
- An advantageous fastening of the film-laying device and/or the injector element can be achieved if the film-laying device is fastened to the nozzle wall by means of several, in particular three, fastening elements which center the injector element in particular on the radial inside of the film-laying device.
- the fasteners are preferably streamlined, z. B. wing-like, formed and / or arranged symmetrically to each other about the longitudinal axis and / or at the same axial position.
- the fastening elements are preferably arranged (as far as possible, but while maintaining mechanical stability) upstream of the injection point.
- Another type of attachment is also conceivable, provided that it affects the flow as little as possible and/or ensures an axisymmetric alignment of the film application device and the longitudinal axis of the injector element.
- the feed nozzle for adding oxidizer and liquid fuel to the combustion chamber is preferably designed with a high axial momentum, with an average flow velocity at the outlet opening of between 40 m/s and 160 m/s, in particular between 80 m/s and 140 m/s.
- the main direction of flow points in particular at least for the most part, or exclusively, in the axial direction. In this way, a large-scale recirculation flow inside the combustion chamber is induced during operation to stabilize the combustion.
- the interpretation refers z. B. on one or more design point / s.
- a compact design of a burner system can be achieved if the supply device is designed for operation at a thermal output of 1 kW to 50 kW, for example between 10 kW and 20 kW (with regard to atmospheric pressure and/or air ratios between e.g. 0.8 and 2. 1 ) is designed. By means of higher pressure, the thermal output can be scaled accordingly with a comparable size.
- the injector element is designed in particular for operation with a corresponding or low fuel mass flow (eg 0.1 to 1 g/s, in particular 0.2 to 0.8 g/s).
- the diameter of the nozzle channel can, for. b. be between 7 mm and 13 mm.
- the outer diameter of the injector element can, for. B. be between 20% and 70% of the diameter of the nozzle channel.
- the outer diameter of the film laying device can, for. B. be between 50% and 85% of the diameter of the nozzle channel, wherein the inner diameter to form the inner channel is larger than the outer diameter of the injector element.
- a plurality of feed devices are preferably used in a burner system, for example in a matrix and/or ring arrangement.
- the feed device can also be used advantageously in applications with high power requirements, in which the focus is on the compact design of a burner system, for example in aviation.
- a particularly compact design of the feed device can be achieved if the atomization edge, for direct injection, is arranged close (eg to a distance corresponding to a nozzle diameter or less) or at the axial height of the outlet opening.
- FIG. 1 shows a burner system according to the invention with a plurality of feed devices and a combustion chamber in a simplified schematic representation
- FIG. 2A,B shows a longitudinal section (FIG. 2A) and a cross-section A-A (FIG. 2B) of a supply device according to the invention for the untwisted addition of liquid fuel to a burner system, and
- FIG. 3 A,B,C an exemplary injector element for use in the supply device according to FIG. 2 A, B in a perspective view from the side (FIG. 3A) and in longitudinal section (FIG. 3B, C).
- the burner system 4 has a combustion chamber 3 and an end plate 6 which is arranged on the upstream side of the combustion chamber 3 and via which the feed devices 1 open into the combustion chamber 3 .
- a large number of feed devices 1 can be present, the z. B. are arranged like a matrix and/or like a ring on the end plate 6 .
- the feed devices 1 are used to introduce liquid fuel 27 and oxidizer 38 from a distributor side 2 (not shown here) into the combustion chamber 3 via the end plate 6.
- the combustion chamber 3 extends axially along a central longitudinal axis M of the burner system 4 and z. B. radially rotationally symmetrical about the same.
- the feed devices 1 extend along longitudinal axes L, which are aligned parallel to the central longitudinal axis M of the burner system 4 .
- the fuel 27 can be, for example, a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, e.g. B. a kerosene and / or (heating) oil, and / or act as a pure liquid hydrocarbon present.
- the burner system 4 is designed in particular for operation with air ratios between 0.8 and 2.1.
- the burner system 4 is designed as a recirculation-stabilized jet flame burner for non-twisted high-speed combustion.
- unburned fuel 27 and oxidizer 38 are introduced into combustion chamber 3 without twisting with such a high axial momentum that a large recirculation zone 5 is formed in combustion chamber 3 to stabilize a combustion zone.
- An average flow speed at the outlet opening(s) 12 is between 40 m/s and 160 m/s, for example.
- Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B show the internal structure of the feed device 1 in a sectional view (Fig. 2A: longitudinal section, Fig. 2B: cross section A-A).
- the feed device 1 has a feed nozzle 10 with an in particular cylindrical nozzle channel 14 with a constant cross section, for example, which is bounded by a nozzle wall 16 and aligned along the longitudinal axis L.
- the nozzle channel 14 opens into a circular outlet opening 12 on the combustion chamber side, which is adjacent to the combustion chamber 3 in the installed state.
- the feed device 1 comprises an injector element 24.
- the injector element 24 is arranged in the nozzle channel 14 coaxially to the feed nozzle 10 on the longitudinal axis L.
- An injection point 26 at which the fuel 27 entering the nozzle channel 14 during operation is arranged centrally on the longitudinal axis L at the downstream end of the injector element 24 for the most symmetrical introduction of fuel 27 possible.
- the injector element 24 is designed, for example, as a pressure-swirl injector, with the liquid fuel 27 having a high relative fuel pressure, of z. B. up to 100 bar, is introduced into the injector element 24 and is wired by means of a swirl generator 46 located within the injector element 24 before introduction into the nozzle channel 14 .
- Other configurations of the injector element 24 for introducing liquid fuel 27 are possible, in particular if an advantageous, uniform film formation can be achieved on the film laying device 18, for example using a “jet-in-crossflow” configuration.
- Fig. 3A, Fig. 3B and Fig. 3C show the injector element 24 in an exemplary embodiment in a perspective view from the side (Fig. 3A) and in longitudinal section (Fig. 3B and Fig. 3C), with an outlet opening 48 in Fig. 3C is shown in a detail C.
- the injector element 24 has an essentially cylindrical outer circumference.
- the swirl generator 46 with a cylindrical swirl chamber 47 and, for example, three inlet openings 45 arranged symmetrically to one another for the swirl chamber 47 is arranged inside the injector element 24 . Downstream of the swirl generator 46 , the injector element 24 has the outlet opening 48 with a circumferentially sharp outlet edge 52 adjoining the feed nozzle 10 .
- the swirl generator 46 is held by a securing element 44 .
- a compression spring 42 for vibration decoupling of the swirl generator 46 is arranged upstream of the securing element 44 .
- Fig. 3C shows in more detail, downstream of the swirl generator 46 the in particular circular flow cross-section tapers towards the outlet opening 48 initially conically to a narrowest cross-section 50, and widens downstream of the narrowest cross-section 50 steadily, in particular like a trumpet, to a larger one (e.g a 1.2 to 4 times) cross-section at the exit card 52 . Due to the particularly trumpet-like widening, the defined opening angle of the fuel cone can be maintained even with comparatively low mass flows.
- the sharp trailing edge 52 is obtained in particular in that the angle between the converging wall surfaces at the trailing edge 52 is less than 90°. In this way, a first atomization of the fuel at the trailing edge 52 can be achieved.
- the high pressure is used to generate fuel droplets on the injector element 24 which, due to the swirl in a fuel cone 28 emanating from the injection point 26 , enter the nozzle channel 14 .
- An opening angle a of the fuel cone 28 can be between 60° and 100°, for example.
- the feed device 1 has a film laying device 18 arranged radially between the injector element 24 and the nozzle wall 16 .
- the film laying device 18 is sleeve-like, in particular cylindrical, and/or completely surrounds the injector element 24 radially.
- An outer channel 30 is formed between the nozzle wall 16 and the radial outside of the film laying device 18, in which an outer stream 32 of the oxidizer 38 flows during operation.
- An inner channel 24 is formed radially inside the film-laying device 18, between the radial inside of the film-laying device 18 and the injector element 24, in which an inner stream 36 of the oxidizer 38 flows during operation.
- the inner channel 24 extends from an upstream edge 22 to the injection point 26 of the injector element 24.
- the film laying device 18 is arranged coaxially with the feed nozzle 10 and the injector element 24 for a symmetrical flow guidance (cf. FIG. 2B).
- the film laying device 18 is arranged in particular by means of several symmetrically arranged, z. B.
- the fastening elements 40 are preferably arranged as far upstream as possible on the film laying device 18 in order to influence the flow at the injection point 26 and downstream thereof as little as possible.
- the fastening elements 40 can advantageously protrude radially on the inside of the film laying device 18 in such a way that they also center the injector element 24 .
- the film laying device 18 has an atomizing edge 20 at its downstream end.
- the wall of the film laying device 18 tapers towards the atomization edge 20 in order to obtain the sharpest possible formation for fine droplet atomization.
- the film laying device 18 has an edge 22 at its upstream end.
- the edge 22 is shaped in a streamlined manner, for example in FIG. 2A with a tapered wall of the film laying device 18 in order to generate the lowest possible pressure loss and/or the lowest possible secondary flow (in particular turbulence).
- the film applicator 18 is positioned axially within the feed nozzle 10 such that the injection point 26 is between the atomizing edge 20 and the upstream edge 22 of the film applicator 18 .
- the axial length of the film laying device 18 between the atomizing edge 20 and the edge 22 depends on different parameters. On the one hand, inlet effects within the inner stream 36 should have at least largely subsided by the point of injection 26 .
- the distance between the injection point 26 and the atomization edge 20 is preferably designed in such a way that at least part of the fuel 27 forms a fuel film on the inside of the film laying device 18 strikes. The distance is therefore designed taking into account the opening angle ⁇ of the fuel cone 28 in particular. At the same time, the distance for a compact design of the feed device 1 should be kept as small as possible.
- the distance between the atomization edge 20 and the outlet opening 12 of the feed nozzle 10 can be varied depending on the combustion pattern to be achieved, between z. B. 0 mm (axial position of the atomization edge 20 on the outlet opening 12, corresponding to "direct injection") and z. B. up to ten times the diameter of the nozzle channel 16.
- a particularly compact design of the feed device can be achieved by means of an arrangement as far downstream as possible.
- the combustion process e.g. B. the flame length can be influenced.
- the radial spacing of the nozzle wall 16, the film laying device 18 and the injector element 24 is based on an advantageous flow design.
- the outer channel 30 and the inner channel 34 are designed in relation to one another in such a way that during operation the entire oxidizer stream flowing through the nozzle channel 14 is divided according to an advantageous ratio (“air split”). It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the speed of the external flow 32 z. B. by a factor between 1, 3 and 7 is greater than the speed of the inner flow 36.
- a high shear rate between the outer flow 32 and the inner flow 36 for advantageous atomization at the atomization edge 20 a high external momentum by the outer flow 32 downstream of the atomization edge 20 in order to avoid wetting the nozzle wall 16 with fuel, and a sufficiently high velocity of the inner flow 36 to propel the fuel film within the film-laying device 18 to the atomization edge 20.
- the design is carried out in particular using computer-aided flow simulation (CFD) and/or experimentally.
- oxidizer 38 flows into feed nozzle 10 from manifold side 2 .
- the entire oxidizer flow is divided into the outer flow 32 flowing through the outer channel 30 and the inner flow 36 flowing through the inner channel 34 at a lower speed.
- the fuel 27 is introduced into the injector element 24 at a high relative fuel pressure (eg between 1 and 100 bar).
- the fuel 27 flows through the inlet openings 45 into the swirl chamber 47.
- the fuel e.g. B. by means of (optionally available) guide body, set in rotation with an axial and a tangential speed component and thus flows to the outlet opening of the injector element 24.
- the injection point 26 is located at the outlet opening 48 of the injector element 24.
- the swirl flow causes the radial flow downstream of the injection point 26
- fuel 27 is atomized at the trailing edge 52 and in the fuel cone 28 with the opening angle a between 60° and 100°, e.g. B. 90 °, added.
- a portion of the fuel 27 strikes the inside of the film applicator 18 a few millimeters (e.g. between 2 mm and 10 mm) upstream of the atomizing edge 20, thereby forming a fuel film (film of fuel 27) on the inside of the film applicator 18.
- the other part of the atomized fuel 27 follows the inner flow 36 without coming into contact with the film laying device 18.
- the inner flow 36 drives the fuel film up to the atomization edge 20 .
- the inner flow 36 and the outer flow 32 meet at the atomization edge 20, with a shearing layer forming due to the speed difference.
- the oxidizer flow is utilized by utilizing the high momentum and the fuel film is broken down into fine droplets by means of the shearing layer. fen atomized, which are further carried downstream in the direction of the outlet opening 12 with the oxidant flow.
- the comparatively high impulse of the external flow 32 has the effect that the fuel droplets do not wet the nozzle wall 16, but rather are carried into the combustion chamber 3 as completely as possible with the oxidant flow. Combustion of the oxidizer-fuel mixture takes place in the combustion chamber 3 .
- the first atomization contributes in particular to the formation of a uniform Fuel film on the inner periphery of the film laying device 18 at.
- a single feeder may be designed to operate at a thermal power of e.g. B. be designed between 5 kW and 30 kW (scaling up or down possible).
- a thermal power e.g. B. be designed between 5 kW and 30 kW (scaling up or down possible).
- both applications with comparatively moderate power density and/or moderate energy requirements e.g. in decentralized energy conversion
- applications with a high required power and / or power density z. B. Aerospace applications.
- a burner system designed according to the concept of the recirculation-stabilized jet flame burner for non-swirled high-speed combustion can also be operated stably, reliably and with low emissions using the above-mentioned advantageous measures (individually or in combination) for the design of a single supply device 1, even with liquid fuels with a comparatively short flame length. whereby a compact burner system can be provided.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022105076.9A DE102022105076A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 | 2022-03-03 | Zufuhreinrichtung, Brennersystem und Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2023/055324 WO2023166126A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 | 2023-03-02 | Zufuhreinrichtung, brennersystem und verfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4487059A1 true EP4487059A1 (de) | 2025-01-08 |
Family
ID=85511181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23709616.9A Pending EP4487059A1 (de) | 2022-03-03 | 2023-03-02 | Zufuhreinrichtung, brennersystem und verfahren |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4487059A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022105076A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023166126A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4261517A (en) | 1979-11-23 | 1981-04-14 | General Electric Company | Atomizing air metering nozzle |
| GB9326367D0 (en) | 1993-12-23 | 1994-02-23 | Rolls Royce Plc | Fuel injection apparatus |
| DE4424597B4 (de) * | 1994-07-13 | 2006-03-23 | Alstom | Verbrennungsvorrichtung |
| DE19539246A1 (de) | 1995-10-21 | 1997-04-24 | Asea Brown Boveri | Airblast-Zerstäuberdüse |
| JP4065947B2 (ja) * | 2003-08-05 | 2008-03-26 | 独立行政法人 宇宙航空研究開発機構 | ガスタービン燃焼器用燃料・空気プレミキサー |
| DE102006051286A1 (de) | 2006-10-26 | 2008-04-30 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Brennervorrichtung |
| DE102009037828A1 (de) | 2008-11-11 | 2010-05-20 | Wurz, Dieter, Prof. Dr. | Zweistoffdüse, Bündeldüse und Verfahren zum Zerstäuben von Fluiden |
| DE102011116317A1 (de) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Magervormischbrenner eines Fluggasturbinentriebwerks |
| US9441836B2 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2016-09-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel-air pre-mixer with prefilmer |
| DE102012217263B4 (de) * | 2012-09-25 | 2023-02-02 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Drallbrenner und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Drallbrenners |
-
2022
- 2022-03-03 DE DE102022105076.9A patent/DE102022105076A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-03-02 WO PCT/EP2023/055324 patent/WO2023166126A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-03-02 EP EP23709616.9A patent/EP4487059A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023166126A1 (de) | 2023-09-07 |
| DE102022105076A1 (de) | 2023-09-07 |
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