EP4463881A1 - Contacteur de puissance comprenant un actionneur pyrotechnique - Google Patents
Contacteur de puissance comprenant un actionneur pyrotechniqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4463881A1 EP4463881A1 EP23703258.6A EP23703258A EP4463881A1 EP 4463881 A1 EP4463881 A1 EP 4463881A1 EP 23703258 A EP23703258 A EP 23703258A EP 4463881 A1 EP4463881 A1 EP 4463881A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- contactor
- power
- pyrotechnic actuator
- fixed part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
- H01H2003/268—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor using a linear motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
- H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
- H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
- H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of electrical protection devices, such as electromechanical contactors and electrical contactors, and more particularly to the opening trigger of these protective devices.
- Power contactors are electrical protection devices generally made up of a fixed part and a moving part which may or may not be in contact with the fixed part.
- the motor of the contactor is supplied, which will make it possible to apply a force to the mobile part, and thus allow the circulation of an electric current between the mobile part and the fixed part.
- a processing means detects currents above a predetermined threshold to open the contactor before it levitates.
- the measurement acquisition, processing and action times are not always compatible with the current dynamics which can be extremely fast depending on the impedance of the source or of the short-circuit.
- the contactor can include a disjunction element but this complicates the structure of the contactor.
- - Contactor opening can be triggered by a fast actuation means, for example of the pyro-switch type, but the current actuation and detection system can also be too slow depending on certain current dynamics.
- the invention relates to a power contactor comprising:
- a movable part adapted to come into contact with the fixed part and to move between an open position and a closed position of the contactor, the movable part comprising at least one power contact;
- auxiliary contact and a pyrotechnic actuator an auxiliary contact and a pyrotechnic actuator
- the auxiliary contact and the pyrotechnic actuator being placed in parallel with the power contact
- the pyrotechnic actuator being configured to be triggered during levitation of the contactor so as to cause the contactor to pass in the open position
- a motor configured to actuate the moving part and bring it into contact with the fixed part
- the power contact and the auxiliary contact are desynchronized so that when the contactor is closed, the power contact comes into contact with the fixed part before the auxiliary contact and when the contactor opens, the auxiliary contact opens before the power contact.
- the presence of the pyrotechnic actuator makes it possible to quickly open, for example in less than 2 milliseconds, the power contact in the event of levitation of the contactor.
- the contactor of the invention With a high voltage source, for example a source delivering a voltage of 800 V.
- the contactor also comprises a transient voltage suppression diode in parallel with the pyrotechnic actuator.
- transient voltage suppression diode also called transil diode or transzorb diode, is used to limit the voltage at the terminals of the pyrotechnic actuator and to protect it in cases where the voltage would increase too quickly at the terminals of the power contact.
- the pyrotechnic actuator comprises an igniter and a piston, the igniter being configured to trigger the pyrotechnic actuator by melting and release the piston to open the contactor.
- Another object of the invention is a method of closing a power contactor in the open position according to the invention, comprising bringing the power contact into contact with the fixed part then bringing the auxiliary contact into contact with the fixed part.
- Another object of the invention is a method for opening a power contactor in the closed position according to the invention, comprising opening the contact between the auxiliary contact and the fixed part, then opening the contact between the power contact and the fixed part.
- the closing method of the invention when the power contact is closed, the current flows in this contact and not in the pyrotechnic actuator.
- the voltage in the branch comprising the power contact is equal to the voltage drop of the power contact (of the order of a hundred millivolts).
- the auxiliary contact closes, a small part of the current flows in the pyrotechnic actuator, because the voltage is imposed by the parallel branch comprising the power contact. This current is therefore not sufficient to trigger the pyrotechnic actuator.
- the auxiliary contact opens first to be able to isolate the pyrotechnic actuator, then the power contact opens and electric arcs are created.
- the voltage gradually rises in the two branches parallel to the voltage of the electrical source connected to the contactor, but the voltage at the terminals of the pyrotechnic actuator remains low.
- the contactor When the contactor is closed, that is, the power and auxiliary contacts are closed, and the electric current is too large, it is possible that the contactor levitates, that is, the contact of power rises. Electric arcs can occur and arc voltage occurs.
- the current in the branch comprising the pyrotechnic actuator increases and triggers the pyrotechnic actuator which will open the power contact.
- Figure IA shows, schematically and partially, a power contactor in the open position according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. IB represents, schematically and partially, a power contactor between an open position and a closed position according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. IC represents, schematically and partially, a power contactor in the closed position according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 1D shows, schematically and partially, a power contactor in the open position according to one embodiment.
- Figure 2 shows, schematically and partially, a power contactor in the open position following the triggering of the pyrotechnic actuator according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a method of closing a power contactor according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 Figure 4 schematically shows a method of opening a power contactor according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Figures IA, IB, IC, 1D and 2 represent, schematically and partially, a power contactor 100 in different positions: in the open position, during nominal operation of the contactor, in figures IA and 1D, in closed position in figure IC, between an open and closed position in figure IB and in the open position in figure 2 following triggering of the actuator pyrotechnic 130.
- the objects are designated by the same reference numeral.
- the power contactor 100 comprises a fixed part 108 and a mobile part 109 adapted to come into contact with the fixed part and to move between an open position and a closed position of the contactor 100.
- the mobile part of the contactor 100 comprises a moving power contact 110, an auxiliary contact 120.
- the contactor 100 also comprises a pyrotechnic actuator 130 comprising an igniter.
- the auxiliary contact 120 and the pyrotechnic actuator 130, and more particularly the auxiliary contact 120 and the igniter (i.e. the trigger) of the pyrotechnic actuator 130 are placed in parallel with the mobile power contact 110.
- the moving part can also include a resistor 140 placed in series between the auxiliary contact 120 and the pyrotechnic actuator 130.
- the pyrotechnic actuator 130 is configured to be triggered during a levitation of the contactor 100, that is to say during the formation of electric arcs between the mobile part and the fixed part and the lifting of the mobile part when the electric current flowing through the contactor 100 is too high, so as to directly strike the entire moving part 109 or the moving power contact 110 alone to open the contactor 100.
- the pyrotechnic actuator 130 can be configured to trigger at currents greater than or equal to 10 A.
- the contactor 100 also comprises a motor 170, shown in FIG. 1D, configured to actuate the mobile part and bring it into contact with the fixed part.
- the motor is for example a linear displacement mechanical motor.
- An electrical load 160 can be connected to the contactor 100
- the contactor 100 can be placed between a voltage source 150 and a load 160.
- the voltage source 150 can be a high voltage source which, for example, delivers a voltage of 800 V.
- the fixed part and the movable part are not in contact and no electric current flows between the two.
- the auxiliary contacts 120 and power 110 are open and no electric current can flow between the source 150 and the load 160.
- the voltage AU in the two branches (the one comprising the power contact 110 and the one comprising the auxiliary contact 120 and the pyrotechnic actuator 130) of contactor 100 is equal to that of voltage source 150.
- the power 110 and auxiliary 120 contacts do not close at the same time. More particularly, the power contact 110 comes into contact with the fixed part of the contactor 100 before the auxiliary contact 120 when the contactor 100 is closed. Similarly, when the contactor 100 is opened, the power 110 and auxiliary contacts 120 do not open at the same time. More particularly, the auxiliary contact 120 opens before the power contact 110. In other words, the power 110 and auxiliary 120 contacts are desynchronized. This state of the contactor 100, between opening and closing, is illustrated in FIG. IB.
- the desynchronization of the power contact 110 and the auxiliary contact 120 is for example achieved by placing these contacts at different distances from the fixed part 108.
- the power contact In the open position of the contactor, the power contact is for example placed at a distance dl of the fixed part and the auxiliary contact is placed at a distance d2 from the fixed part, the distance d2 being greater than the distance d1.
- the voltage in the branch comprising the power contact 110 is equal to the voltage drop of the power contact 110, that is to say of the order of a hundred millivolts. Then the auxiliary contact 120 closes and the voltage in the branch comprising the pyrotechnic actuator 130 is also around one hundred millivolts.
- the value of resistor 140 is chosen so that the current flowing in pyrotechnic actuator 130 remains lower than the trigger threshold current of the pyrotechnic actuator 130. For example, the resistor 140 is 2 Ohms.
- the auxiliary contact 120 opens first and makes it possible to isolate the igniter from the pyrotechnic actuator 130. Then the power contact 110 opens, electric arcs are created on this contact 110 and the voltage gradually rises in the two branches of the contactor 100 until it reaches the voltage of the voltage source 150. Thus the voltage at the terminals of the pyrotechnic actuator 130 and the current passing through it are impaired thanks to the opening preliminary auxiliary contact 120.
- the igniter of the pyrotechnic actuator 130 is never subjected to the voltage of the voltage source 150, and it is thus protected and does not risk catching fire or triggering. wrongly.
- the power contact 110 can lift and cause the contactor 100 to levitate. This creates electric arcs and an arc voltage appears.
- the voltage in the two parallel branches of the contactor 100 increases, as well as the current flowing in the igniter of the pyrotechnic actuator 130. This has the effect of triggering the pyrotechnic actuator 130 which will open or prevent the closing of the power contact 110.
- the triggering of the opening of the contactor 100 in the event of levitation, is thus faster than the prior art, since it does not require any means of measuring current or voltage.
- the triggering of the opening has for example a gain in speed of one millisecond compared to the prior art.
- the pyrotechnic actuator 130 comprises an igniter 132 and a piston 131.
- the igniter 132 melts and triggers the pyrotechnic actuator 130 by releasing the piston 131.
- the piston 131 prevents the power contact 110 from closing, as illustrated in FIG. 2. This prevents the power contact 110 from falling on the fixed part and welding it to the fixed part following the levitation of contactor 100. Thus, damage to contactor 100 is avoided.
- Contactor 100 may also include a transient voltage suppression diode (also called transil diode or transzorb diode), placed in parallel with pyrotechnic actuator 130 and resistor 140. This diode makes it possible to limit the voltage to protect the igniter 132 and resistor 140, especially if the voltage increases too quickly across power contact 110.
- the contactor 100 has been described with a single power contact 110 and a single auxiliary contact 120, but it may include two or more power contacts which will always be out of sync with the auxiliary contact 120.
- the contact auxiliary 120 is always connected to the same pyrotechnic actuator 130 and the pyrotechnic actuator 130 actuates the various power contacts in a synchronized manner.
- FIG. 3 schematically represents a method 300 for closing a power contactor according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the contactor is initially in the open position 310, therefore the fixed and mobile contacts are not in contact and no electric current flows between these two parts.
- the motor is powered so as to apply a pressure force on the movable part of the contactor, and the power contact is first brought into contact with the fixed part (step 301) , then the auxiliary contact is brought into contact with the fixed part (step 302).
- FIG. 4 schematically represents a method 400 for opening a power contactor according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the contactor is initially in the closed position 410, therefore the fixed and mobile parts are in contact and an electric current flows between these two parts.
- the power supply to the motor is cut off and the auxiliary contact opens first (step 401). So it is no longer in contact with the fixed part of the contactor, then the power contact opens (step 402).
Landscapes
- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2200226A FR3131797B1 (fr) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Contacteur de puissance comprenant un actionneur pyrotechnique |
| PCT/FR2023/050005 WO2023135380A1 (fr) | 2022-01-12 | 2023-01-02 | Contacteur de puissance comprenant un actionneur pyrotechnique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4463881A1 true EP4463881A1 (fr) | 2024-11-20 |
| EP4463881B1 EP4463881B1 (fr) | 2025-08-13 |
Family
ID=80787001
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23703258.6A Active EP4463881B1 (fr) | 2022-01-12 | 2023-01-02 | Contacteur de puissance comprenant un actionneur pyrotechnique |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12249471B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4463881B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118525347B (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3131797B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023135380A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4168480A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-09-18 | Torr Laboratories, Inc. | Relay assembly |
| JP4535206B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-09-01 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | スイッチ装置 |
| CN105529568B (zh) * | 2014-09-29 | 2018-09-25 | 观致汽车有限公司 | 用于车辆电路的电连接装置及系统 |
| FR3051282B1 (fr) * | 2016-05-16 | 2021-05-21 | Herakles | Dispositif de coupure destine a etre relie a un circuit electrique |
| EP3264435B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-27 | 2019-04-24 | ABB Schweiz AG | Interrupteur ou disjoncteur moyenne tension |
| US10622176B2 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-04-14 | Key Safety Systems, Inc. | High voltage electric line cutter device |
| FR3073664B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-12-06 | Arianegroup Sas | Dispositif de coupure pyrotechnique |
| JP7441605B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-02 | 2024-03-01 | ギガバック リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | パイロテクニック式切断機能一体型接触器装置 |
| DE102018206056B3 (de) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-07-11 | Audi Ag | Schaltschütz |
| DE102018109824B3 (de) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-09-26 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Hochvoltschalter, Hochvoltbordnetz in einem Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Hochvoltschalters |
| US11443910B2 (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-09-13 | Gigavac, Llc | Contact levitation triggering mechanisms for use with switching devices incorporating pyrotechnic features |
-
2022
- 2022-01-12 FR FR2200226A patent/FR3131797B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-01-02 EP EP23703258.6A patent/EP4463881B1/fr active Active
- 2023-01-02 WO PCT/FR2023/050005 patent/WO2023135380A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-01-02 CN CN202380016783.XA patent/CN118525347B/zh active Active
- 2023-01-02 US US18/726,247 patent/US12249471B1/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023135380A1 (fr) | 2023-07-20 |
| FR3131797A1 (fr) | 2023-07-14 |
| US20250069831A1 (en) | 2025-02-27 |
| CN118525347A (zh) | 2024-08-20 |
| EP4463881B1 (fr) | 2025-08-13 |
| US12249471B1 (en) | 2025-03-11 |
| CN118525347B (zh) | 2025-03-21 |
| FR3131797B1 (fr) | 2024-01-05 |
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