Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
  • C04B41/5024—Silicates
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
  • B65D25/14—Linings or internal coatings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
  • C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
  • C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
  • C04B41/4515—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application application under vacuum or reduced pressure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
  • C04B41/4535—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied as a solution, emulsion, dispersion or suspension
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
  • C04B41/455—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application the coating or impregnating process including a chemical conversion or reaction
  • C04B41/4556—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application the coating or impregnating process including a chemical conversion or reaction coating or impregnating with a product reacting with the substrate, e.g. generating a metal coating by surface reduction of a ceramic substrate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
  • C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
  • C04B41/5031—Alumina
  • C04B41/5032—Aluminates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
  • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
  • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
  • C04B41/87—Ceramics
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
  • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
  • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions

Definitions

• Container made of a coated ceramic matrix composite
• the present invention relates to a container made of a ceramic matrix composite, or CMC, the surface of the inner walls of which is covered at least partially, preferably for more than 80%, with a coating comprising at least one layer comprising an oxide crystallized material comprising at least the elements Li and Al, and to the use of said container for the manufacture of an oxide powder comprising lithium, in particular an oxide of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals.
• lithium-ion batteries comprise a part, generally the cathode, of an oxide comprising lithium, in particular an oxide of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals, in particular LiFePO4 (or LPF), LiMn 2 O4 ( or LMO), or a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (or Li-NMC).
• an oxide comprising lithium in particular an oxide of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals, in particular LiFePO4 (or LPF), LiMn 2 O4 ( or LMO), or a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (or Li-NMC).
• the cathode is generally manufactured by shaping a powder of said oxide of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals.
• An object of the invention is to meet, at least partially, this need.
• this object is achieved by means of a container made of a ceramic matrix composite, or CMC, the surface of the interior walls of said container being covered at least partially, preferably for more than 80%, and more preferably on all of said inner walls, a coating comprising at least one layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al, or a precursor of said crystallized oxide.
• CMC ceramic matrix composite
• said crystallized oxide also comprises the element Si;
• said crystallized oxide is chosen from LiAlO 2 , LiAlSi 2 O 6 , Li 3 AlSiO 5 , LiAlSi 4 Oio, LiAlSiC and mixtures thereof; in particular LiAISi 2 O 6 , Li 3 AISiO 5 , LiAISi 4 Oio, LiAISiO 4 and mixtures thereof;
• the ceramic fibers of the ceramic matrix composite are chosen from fibers comprising more than 95% by mass, and preferably consist essentially, of oxides, carbides, nitrides, carbon and mixtures thereof;
• the ceramic fibers of the ceramic matrix composite are chosen from the fibers:
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides, preferably consisting essentially of oxides, and having a chemical analysis such that SiO 2 > 70%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides, preferably consisting essentially of oxides, and having a chemical analysis such that 45% ⁇ SiO 2 ⁇ 80%, and iron oxide, expressed in the form Fe 2 O 3 in an amount such that 1% ⁇ Fe 2 O 3 ⁇ 20% and 5% ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 25%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides, preferably consisting essentially of oxides, and having a chemical analysis such that Al 2 O 3 > 65%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• the ceramic fibers of the ceramic matrix composite are chosen from fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of alumina, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of silica, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of mullite, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of mullite and corundum, fibers composed for more than 90% by mass of basalt, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of glass, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of silicon carbide, fibers composed for more than 95% by mass of carbon, and mixtures thereof;
• the matrix of the ceramic matrix composite is chosen from a matrix comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides, carbides, nitrides, sialons and their mixtures and in particular of a matrix consisting essentially of oxides, carbides, nitrides, sialons and mixtures thereof;
• the matrix of the ceramic matrix composite is chosen from a matrix
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides and presenting a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O3+ZrO2+HfO2+MgO > 70% in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides and presenting a chemical analysis such as Al 2 O 3 +ZrO2+HfO2 > 70% in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• oxides comprising more than 95% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such that SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 70% in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• the coating comprises at least one layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li, Al and Si; the coating consists for more than 15% by weight of one or more crystallized oxides comprising at least the elements Li and Al; the coating contains a precursor of at least one crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al, preferably chosen from a lithiated bayerite, Li 4 SiC>4 and mixtures thereof; the coating has the following chemical composition, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides:
• SiC>2 ⁇ 5%, or 10% ⁇ SiC>2 ⁇ 80%; the coating consists of more than 90% by mass of oxides; the coating has a thickness greater than 50 ⁇ m and/or less than 2000 ⁇ m;
• the surface of the interior walls is covered for more than 99% of said coating;
• the container has a bottom and at least one side.
• the invention also relates to the use of said container for the manufacture of an oxide powder comprising lithium, in particular an oxide of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals.
• Ceramic Matrix Composite we conventionally mean a product composed of ceramic fibers rigidly bonded together by a ceramic matrix.
• ceramic we mean a product that is neither metallic nor organic.
• oxide glass and a material comprising or consisting of carbon are considered to be ceramic products.
• coating is meant one or more layers of material(s) of a different nature from the CMC support. At least one of said layers, in particular the layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al, may be the result, in particular after raising the temperature, of the reaction of the CMC support and of a deposit on the surface of said CMC.
• precursor of a crystallized oxide is meant one or more materials which will lead after heat treatment, preferably in air, to a temperature above 400° C., in particular during the first use of the container according to invention, optionally in combination with one or more CMC elements, said crystallized oxide.
• a "fiber” is a filament whose length is greater than 5 times its equivalent diameter.
• the "equivalent diameter" of a fiber is the diameter of a disk with the same area as its cross-section at mid-length.
• a “single thread” is an assembly of fibers which, in cross-section, comprises more than 10 and preferably less than 500,000 fibers, and whose length is greater than 5 times the diameter.
• An “assembled thread” is an assembly of threads.
• SiAION is an oxynitride compound of at least the elements Si, Al and N, in particular of a compound respecting one of the following formulas:
• - x is greater than or equal to 0, greater than 0.05, greater than 0.1 or greater than 0.2, and less than or equal to 1, less than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.4,
• - y is greater than or equal to 0, or greater than 0.1, greater than 0.3 or greater than 0.5, and less than or equal to 1, u is greater than 0, greater than 0.1 or greater than 0.2, and less than or equal to 1 or less than or equal to 0.7,
• - v is greater than 0, greater than 0.1, greater than 0.2 or greater than 0.5, or greater than 0.7, and less than or equal to 1, x+y > 0, x, y, u and v being stoichiometric indices and normalized with respect to the one which is the highest, made equal to 1;
• Me x Sii2-(m+n)Al(m+n)O n Ni6-n with 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, Me a cation chosen from lanthanide cations, Fe, Y, Ca, Li and their mixtures, 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 12, 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 12 and 0 ⁇ n+m ⁇ 12, generally called "a'-SiAION" or "SiAION-a'"
• oxide contents are mass percentages based on the oxides.
• a mass content of an oxide of a metallic element refers to the total content of this element expressed in the form of the most stable oxide, according to the usual industry convention.
• HfO 2 is not chemically dissociable from ZrO 2 .
• HfO 2 is not added voluntarily.
• HfO 2 therefore only designates the inevitable impurities of hafnium oxide, this oxide always being naturally present in the sources of zirconia at mass contents generally less than 5%, generally less than 2%.
• the total content of zirconium oxide and traces of hafnium oxide can be designated either by “ZrO 2 ” or by “ZrO 2 + HfO 2 ”. The sum of oxide contents does not imply the presence of all these oxides.
• a CMC is conventionally a product composed of ceramic fibers rigidly bonded together by a ceramic matrix.
• the ceramic fibers are chosen from fibers comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99% , preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides, carbides, nitrides, carbon and mixtures thereof.
• the ceramic fibers, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled threads are chosen from the fibers:
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 > 90%, or even SiO 2 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 > 45%, preferably SiO 2 > 50% and SiO 2 ⁇ 80%, and iron oxide, expressed in the form Fe 2 O 3 in an amount such that 1% ⁇ Fe 2 O 3 ⁇ 20% and 5% ⁇ AI 2 O 3 ⁇ 25%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• the ceramic fibres are chosen from composite fibers for more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably substantially 100% by mass of alumina, the fibers composed for more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably substantially 100% by mass of silica, preferably composed for more than 95% , preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably substantially 100% by mass of amorphous silica, the fibers composed for more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, of preferably substantially 100% by mass of mullite, the fibers composed for more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably substantially 100% by mass of mullite and corundum, the fibers composed for more of 90%, preferably for more than 95%, preferably for more than 98%, preferably for more than 99%, preferably substantially 100% by mass of basalt, the fibers composed for more of 90%, preferably for more than 95%, preferably for more
• the matrix of the CMC is chosen from a matrix comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides, carbides, nitrides, sialons and mixtures thereof.
• the matrix of the CMC is chosen from a matrix:
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 90%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 90% preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• the matrix comprises more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, preferably more than 70%, preferably more than 80% by mass of SiC
• the complement to SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION in said matrix comprises silicon metallic, preferably said complement consists for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, preferably for more than 90% by mass, of metallic silicon.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and have a chemical analysis such that SiO 2 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 > 90%, even SiO 2 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix:
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 90%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 90% preferably Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 95%, preferably Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 98 %, or even Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 90% preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, of preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and have a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 > 45%, preferably SiO 2 > 50% and SiO 2 ⁇ 80%, and iron oxide, expressed as forms Fe 2 O 3 in an amount such that 1% ⁇ Fe 2 O 3 ⁇ 20% and 5% ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 25%, in percentage by mass based on the oxides, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix :
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 90%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 90% preferably Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 95%, preferably Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 98 %, or even Al 2 O 3 +ZrO 2 +HfO 2 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 90% preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and have a chemical analysis such that AI 2 O 3 > 65%, preferably AI 2 O 3 > 70%, or even AI 2 O 3 > 80 %, even AI 2 O 3 > 90%, even AI 2 O 3 > 95%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix: - comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O3+ZrO2+HfO2+MgO >70%, preferably SiO2+Al 2 O 3 +ZrO2+HfO2+MgO >80%
• oxides comprising more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and having a chemical analysis such as SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 90%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 90% preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >95%, preferably SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO >98%, or even SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +MgO > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides,
• the complement to SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION comprises metallic silicon, preferably said complement consists for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, preferably for more than 90% by mass, of metallic silicon.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of silicon carbide, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99% by mass of SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION.
• the complement to SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION in said matrix comprises metallic silicon, preferably said complement consists for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, preferably for more than 90% by mass, of metallic silicon.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of carbon, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99% by mass of SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION.
• the complement to SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION in said matrix comprises metallic silicon, preferably said complement consists for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, preferably for more than 90% by mass, of metallic silicon.
• the CMC is such that the fibers of said CMC, optionally assembled in the form of single and/or assembled yarns, comprise more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides and have a chemical analysis such that SiO 2 > 70%, preferably SiO 2 > 80%, preferably SiO 2 > 90%, even SiO 2 > 99%, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides, and the matrix of said CMC is chosen from a matrix comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 97%, preferably more than 98% , preferably more than 99% by mass of SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION.
• the complement to SiC+Si 3 N 4 +SiAION in said matrix comprises metallic silicon, preferably said complement consists for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, preferably for more than 90% by mass, of metallic silicon.
• the CMC includes one or more of the following optional features:
• the CMC is sintered.
• the sintering can take place during the first use (in other words in situ);
• the CMC has an open porosity, measured by imbibition, according to the principle of Archimedes' thrust, greater than 15%, preferably greater than 20%, preferably greater than 25%, preferably greater than 30% and preferably less than 45%, preferably less than 40%;
• the CMC comprises more than 30%, preferably more than 40%, preferably more than 50%, preferably more than 60% and/or less than 70% by volume of fibres, optionally assembled in the form of single yarns and/or or assembled;
• the fibers are grouped together in the form of threads, a thread typically comprising several hundred to several thousand fibers;
• the fibers preferably the yarns, have a length greater than 50 mm, or even greater than 100 mm;
• the fibres are arranged in the form of a fabric (presenting weft threads and warp threads), a sheet (nonwoven), a knit ( single mesh or reinforced with unidirectional fibers and/or threads), a braid or in the form of an object whose fibers and/or threads are affixed to each other (filament winding or ESF ("Engineered Specialty Fabrics") " in English).
• a fabric presents weft threads and warp threads
• a sheet nonwoven
• a knit single mesh or reinforced with unidirectional fibers and/or threads
• a braid or in the form of an object whose fibers and/or threads are affixed to each other filament winding or ESF ("Engineered Specialty Fabrics") " in English).
• the manufacturing process may in particular comprise the following steps;
• the fabrics or sheets can be stacked so that the yarns of the different fabrics or sheets have substantially all the same direction, or different directions, for example at 45°, depending in particular on the desired mechanical properties.
• the coating comprises at least one layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al.
• Said oxide can also optionally and preferentially comprise Si.
• said crystallized oxide has a melting point higher than the maximum temperature reached during the manufacture of the lithiated powder, in particular the lithiated transition metal oxide powder.
• said crystallized oxide is chosen from LiAlO 2 , LiAlSi 2 O 6 , Li 3 AlSiO 5 , LiAlSi 4 Oio, LiAlSiC and mixtures thereof, preferably from LiAlO 2 , Li 3 AlSiO 5 , LiAlSi 2 O 6 and mixtures thereof. More preferably, said crystallized oxide is chosen from Li 3 AISiO 5 , LiAISi 2 O 6 and mixtures thereof.
• the inventors have demonstrated that the desired resistance to degradation can be obtained for small quantities of said crystallized oxide in the coating, in particular in an interval of 15% to 25% by weight, in particular in the case of use of a precursor said crystallized oxide not comprising Al (Al coming in this case from CMC).
• the coating comprises at least two layers, at least one of said layers comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al, for example a layer comprising Li 4 SiO 4 , preferably consisting essentially of Li 4 SiO 4 , and a layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li, Si and Al, preferably the crystallized compound Li 3 AISiO 5 .
• said layer comprising the compound comprising at least the elements Li, Si and Al (preferably a crystallized Li 3 AISiO 5 compound) is located between said layer comprising a crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al (preferably a layer of Li 4 SiO 4 ) and the CMC.
• the coating consists for more than 15%, preferably for more than 20%, preferably for more than 25%, by mass of one or more crystallized oxides comprising at least the elements Li and Al and possibly If.
• the coating consists for more than 30%, preferably for more than 40%, preferably for more than 50%, preferably for more than 60%, preferably for more than 70%, preferably for more than 80%, more preferably for more than 90%, preferably for more than 95%, or even preferably for more than 98%, by mass of one or more crystallized oxides comprising at least the elements Li and Al and optionally Si.
• the coating consists essentially of one or more crystallized oxides comprising at least the elements Li and Al and optionally Si.
• the coating contains a precursor of at least one crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al and optionally Si.
• said at least one crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al and possibly Si will be formed later by raising the temperature, for example during the first use
• At least a part of the Al and/or at least a part of Si of the crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al and optionally Si comes from the CMC, in particular by reaction with Li by rise in temperature, for example during the first use.
• the coating has the following chemical composition, in percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides:
• Li 2 O > 0.5%, preferably > 1%, preferably > 2%, preferably > 3%, and preferably ⁇ 30%, preferably ⁇ 25%, and/or
• - SiO 2 in one embodiment ⁇ 5%. In one embodiment, >10%, preferably >15%, preferably >20%, preferably >25%, preferably >30%, and preferably ⁇ 80%, preferably ⁇ 75%, preferably ⁇ 70%, and
• SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +Li 2 O > 50%, preferably > 60%, preferably > 70%, even > 80%, even
• the coating consists for more than 90%, preferably for more than 95%, preferably for more than 98%, preferably for more than 99%, preferably for more than 99.5% by mass of oxides.
• the coating consists essentially of oxides.
• the thickness of said coating is preferably greater than 50 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 100 ⁇ m (micrometers), preferably greater than 200 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 300 ⁇ m, even greater than 400 ⁇ m, even greater than 500 ⁇ m, even greater than 600 ⁇ m and/or preferably less than 2000 ⁇ m, preferably less than 1500 ⁇ m, preferably less than 1000 ⁇ m, preferably less than 800 ⁇ m.
• the surface of the covered inner walls comprises the bottom of the container and the part of the sides in contact with said bottom.
• the coating extends over the lower part of the sides of the container, the container being considered in its operating position, said part being that in contact with the powders during use of said container.
• the surface of the interior walls of the container is covered for more than 85%, preferably for more than 90%, preferably for more than 95%, preferably for more than 96%, preferably for more than 98%, preferably for more than 99%, of said coating.
• the coating extends over substantially the entire surface of the interior walls of the container.
• At least part, preferably the entire surface of the outer wall of the bottom of the container is covered with the coating.
• more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99% of the total surface of the walls of the container is covered with the coating.
• the coating has undergone a heat treatment before its use, the maximum temperature reached during said heat treatment preferably being higher at 900°C, preferably above 950°C and below the degradation temperature of CMC.
• the maximum temperature reached during said heat treatment is preferably less than 1000°C.
• the maximum temperature reached during said heat treatment is preferably less than 1300°C.
• the holding time at said maximum temperature is greater than 5 hours, preferably greater than 8 hours and less than 20 hours, preferably less than 15 hours.
• Said heat treatment can also make it possible to obtain at least one crystallized oxide comprising at least the elements Li and Al present in the coating, in particular from a precursor of said oxide and/or when at least a part of Al comes from CMC .
• the coating can be applied to at least part of the surface of the interior walls of the container according to any technique known to those skilled in the art, in particular by application with a brush, by spraying, in particular wet spraying, by vacuum impregnation.
• precursors of said oxide are applied to at least part of the surfaces of the walls of the container and then transformed into said oxide, for example using a heat treatment.
• the precursors of said oxide are chosen from:
• the container can have any shape.
• the perimeter of said container according to the invention can be chosen from a polygon, in particular a rectangle and a square, a circle or an ellipse.
• the container according to the invention comprises a bottom and at least one side, the bottom and the at least one side preferably having an average thickness of less than 20 mm, preferably still less than 15 mm, or even less than 10 mm, and/or preferably greater than 2 mm, preferably greater than 4 mm, more preferably greater than 5 mm.
• the bottom of said container has a greater thickness than that of its side, preferably 10% greater, preferably 20% greater, preferably 30% greater.
• the bottom and the side of said container have a thickness difference of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%.
• the bottom of said container has a thickness substantially identical to that of its side.
• the thickness of the walls is not constant.
• the thickness of the sides is greater on the container bottom side.
• the part of the sides located in contact with the bottom of the container has a thickness 10% greater than the thickness of the part of the sides located opposite the bottom of the container.
• the container according to the invention has a length, that is to say a greater length of less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, or/or preferably greater than 100 mm, of preferably greater than 200 mm, and a width, that is to say the smallest dimension measured perpendicular to the length, less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, or/or preferably greater than 100 mm, preferably greater than 200 mm.
• the container can be compartmentalized into at least two parts, said at least two parts being able to be separated by a space allowing the circulation of gases during the heat treatment aimed at synthesizing the powders comprising lithium oxide, in particular an oxide of one or more lithiated transition metals.
• the angle between the bottom of the container and said at least one side is equal to 90°. In one embodiment said angle is greater than 90° and less than 100°.
• the container according to the invention has a diameter of less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, or/or preferably greater than 100 mm, preferably greater than 200 mm.
• the container according to the invention has a volume greater than 0.1 liter, preferably greater than 1 liter, preferably greater than 2 liters, preferably greater than 3 liters and/or preferably less than 25 liters, of preferably less than 20 liters, preferably less than 15 liters.
• the CMC bottom and sides of the container according to the invention form a monolithic assembly.
• said bottom and sides are one and the same piece, the connection between the bottom and the sides comprising a radius, preferably greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm, preferably greater than 20 mm.
• the container is an assembly of different parts in CMC, for example plates in a CMC, the connection between said different parts being able in particular to be made using a tenon-mortise type assembly, and/ or suspension assembly, and/or embedding (using in particular notches or grooves), and/or metal or ceramic plugs, and/or metal or ceramic screws and/or metal or ceramic rivets, and /or metal or ceramic keys.
• the resistance to degradation during the synthesis of oxide powders of a metal or of several lithiated transition metals is evaluated by the following method:
• a tile, coated or not according to the examples is cut so as to obtain a slice of the central zone of said tile, and said slice is coated with resin and mirror polished. Then, said polished slice is observed using an optical microscope, in order to measure the average thickness E o of the tile of the example, before testing for resistance to degradation, said average thickness E o being the arithmetic mean thicknesses measured on 5 different observed zones.
• a tile, coated or not according to the examples is cut so as to obtain a slice of the central zone of said tile, and said slice is coated with resin and mirror polished. Then, said polished slice is observed using an optical microscope, in order to measure the average thickness Ei corresponding to the thickness of visually unmodified material in the tile of the example, said average thickness Ei being the average arithmetic of the thicknesses measured on 5 different observed zones.
• the degradation resistance of the example is defined by E0-E1.
• the tile used in example 1 outside the invention is a plate of the material Alundum® AH 199, marketed by the company Saint-Gobain Performance Ceramics and Refractories, having the following dimensions: 50 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 11 mm 3 .
• Tiles used in Example 2 outside the invention and in Example 3 according to the invention are tiles of sintered CMC HT-C Typ SM, marketed by the company Inovaceram with dimensions of 50x50x4.5 mm 3
• Suspension making it possible to obtain the coating of the coated tiles of examples 1 and 3
• Lithium hydroxide is introduced into water in a concentration equal to 0.3 mol/l, then the whole is kept under stirring until the lithium hydroxide dissolves.
• colloidal silica Ludox AS40 marketed by the company Sigma Aldrich is added with stirring in a proportion such that the molar ratio of lithium hydroxide to SiO 2 is equal to 4.
• a coating is obtained on the Alundum® AH 199 tile and on the sintered CMC tile using the following process.
• FIG. 1 attached is a photograph obtained under an optical microscope during observation of the thickness after sawing of the tile coated with example 3 before carrying out the degradation resistance test.
• Two layers present on the surface of the CMC tile (1) can be distinguished: a layer (2) of Li 4 SiO 4 and a layer (3) comprising the crystallized compound Li 3 AISiO 5 .
• Table 1 summarizes the result of the degradation resistance test, the examples being representative of a container used for the synthesis of an oxide powder of one or more lithiated transition metals. [Table 1 ]
• Example 3 The presence of the crystallized oxide LigAISiOs in the coating of Example 3 is demonstrated by X-ray diffraction carried out on a polished surface of a wafer of this example before testing for resistance to degradation.
• example 1 outside the invention, has a chipped coating, which does not adhere to the support plate of Alundum® AH199. It was therefore not possible to perform the degradation resistance test.
• example 3 according to the invention presents a homogeneous coating without surface cracks.
• a comparison of Examples 1 outside the invention and Example 3 according to the invention illustrates the need to choose a CMC as support material for the coating.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
• Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
• Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=80735462

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2021
  • 2021-12-23 FR FR2114401A patent/FR3131297B1/fr active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-12-23 EP EP22854156.1A patent/EP4452903A1/fr active Pending
  • 2022-12-23 CA CA3240130A patent/CA3240130A1/fr active Pending
  • 2022-12-23 JP JP2024537968A patent/JP2024545700A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-12-23 WO PCT/FR2022/052493 patent/WO2023118765A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2022-12-23 KR KR1020247020808A patent/KR20240123341A/ko active Pending
  • 2022-12-23 US US18/721,576 patent/US20250084008A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-12-23 CN CN202280085332.7A patent/CN118510738A/zh active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events