EP4435371A1 - Assembly of the barrel and breech of a firearm and a firearm with this assembly - Google Patents

Assembly of the barrel and breech of a firearm and a firearm with this assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4435371A1
EP4435371A1 EP23218238.6A EP23218238A EP4435371A1 EP 4435371 A1 EP4435371 A1 EP 4435371A1 EP 23218238 A EP23218238 A EP 23218238A EP 4435371 A1 EP4435371 A1 EP 4435371A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
breech
breech block
rear part
locking geometry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23218238.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan Leimer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4435371A1 publication Critical patent/EP4435371A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/04—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with pivoting breech-block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/60—Breech mechanisms for guns having two or more barrels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/72—Operating handles or levers; Mounting thereof in breech-blocks or bolts

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention relates to weapons, in particular small arms, e.g. rifles and pistols with a vertically sliding breech block.
  • a typical structure of a rifle with a vertically sliding breech block with a lever mechanism comprises a barrel and a breech housing connected to the barrel.
  • the breech block is then movably placed in the breech housing, serving to close the space of the barrel during firing and to open the space of the barrel for inserting or removing the cartridge.
  • the forces acting on the breech block during firing are then transferred to the breech housing, which must be able to reliably resist these forces.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is that the breech housing must be made of a firm material, typically e.g. steel, and must be sufficiently robust, which increases its weight and consequently the weight of the whole weapon.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an assembly of a barrel and breech with a lockable straight sliding breech block for a single- or multiple-barrel weapon to facilitate handling of the weapon in comparison to weapons with the sliding breech block lockable to the barrel known in the state of the art, while still maintaining the advantages of these closest solutions of the state of the art.
  • the main problem was therefore to solve how to minimize the width of the breech and thus also the breech housing and consequently the whole weapon, at the same time to minimize the weight of the weapon and at the same time to allow sufficient lateral access to the cartridge chamber to ensure easy insertion and removal of the cartridge from and into the cartridge chamber, while maintaining the advantages of the close state of the art with locking the sliding breech block to the barrel, i.e.
  • the sliding breech block means a straight slide but not a rotational movement of the breech block.
  • the assembly comprises a barrel with an insertion opening for inserting a cartridge and a breech comprising a breech housing and a breech block movably housed in the breech housing such that the breech allows the opening to be closed and opened by sliding the breech block within the breech housing in a straight direction, and in the closed position the breech block is lockable to the rear part of the barrel, wherein the rear part of the barrel comprises an upper part of the rear part located above a plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis of the barrel or reference axis, and a lower part of the rear part located below a plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis of the barrel or reference axis.
  • the assembly of a barrel and a breech of a firearm comprises at least two locking means at two different height levels, upper and lower, each comprising at least two complementary geometries that fit together in shape and size.
  • These locking means are implemented as follows.
  • the rear part of the barrel comprises an extension of the rear part of the barrel located on the upper part of the rear part of the barrel and an upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel located on the extension of the rear part of the barrel. Further, the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel is located on the lower part of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the breech block includes an upper locking geometry of the block and a lower locking geometry of the block, wherein the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel is complementary to the upper locking geometry of the block and the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel is complementary to the lower locking geometry of the block.
  • the cartridge can be inserted into the weapon separately or in a cartridge case that has a bottom.
  • the cartridge chamber also has a bottom, which is open in the open position of the breech block and closed in the closed position by the part of the breech block adjacent to the insertion opening at the end of the cartridge chamber. During firing, the opposing forces generated against the direction of firing act on these bottoms and the forces are absorbed into the following parts of the weapon.
  • the breech block of the invention can be positioned between an upper closed position and a lower open position, wherein when the breech block is in the closed position, the mutually complementary locking geometries of the rear part of the barrel and the breech block are located in a mutually locked position in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel and opposite to the direction of firing, i.e. in such a locked position that the force from the firing acting on the bottom of the cartridge chamber or even on the bottom of the cartridge case is absorbed by the breech block and the rear part of the barrel and mutual displacement of the breech block from the insertion opening is prevented.
  • This assembly allows for implementation in a firearm that is overall narrower and lighter, as such a weapon is then free of lateral broadenings for the implementation of locking mechanisms, in addition, this weapon has much lower requirements for the firmness of the breech housing, which can therefore be made of, for example, aluminum or other lightweight materials, as the locking prevents the destruction of this breech housing.
  • the weapon maintains easy access to the cartridge chamber.
  • the barrel has normally a front part of the barrel with at least one bore and a rear part of the barrel, where the rear part of the barrel includes at least one insertion opening closable and openable by the breech block for insertion of a cartridge and at least one cartridge chamber connected to the opening.
  • Multiple-barrel weapons have multiple bores, where each bore is connected to a cartridge chamber with its own insertion opening.
  • the weapon is oriented as indicated in fig. 1 , i.e. the cartridge leaves the weapon by its front part during firing, the weapon is held mainly by the rear part and the trigger is located on the weapon at the rear bottom, where below fig. 1 , closer to the lower part of the indicated weapon, there is a caption for fig. 1.
  • Fig. 1 indicates the cross orientation of the weapon with the introduction of attributes indicating position, i.e. front, rear, upper, and lower, as well as horizontal and vertical directions or planes.
  • the longitudinal axis of the barrel which is identical to the longitudinal axis of the cartridge chamber, is used in this description mainly in the sense of a reference axis for determining the upper and lower parts on the barrel, or on the rear part of the barrel, and possibly on the breech block, and also for defining the vertical direction of slide perpendicular to it, or this reference axis may define a horizontal plane passing through it.
  • the reference axis is only one axis, which is the identical to the axis of the cartridge chamber, where a single cartridge chamber is both the uppermost and the lowermost cartridge chamber.
  • the axis of either axis of the cartridge chambers may be chosen as the reference axis for determining what is the upper and lower part, since the longitudinal axes of both cartridge chambers are at the same height level. If the multiple-barrel weapon has bores and cartridge chambers at multiple height level, then the longitudinal axis of the barrel or reference axis for determining the upper parts is chosen to be one of the axes of any of the highest located cartridge chambers, and the parts above this reference axis then have the attribute upper, i.e. the upper part of the rear part of the barrel, the upper part of the breech block.
  • the lower parts are those located at the height level below the reference axis, which, however, for the purposes of determining the lower parts is any of the longitudinal axes of the lowest located cartridge chambers, and those parts that are below it have the attribute lower, i.e. lower part of the rear part of the barrel, lower part of the breech block.
  • the breech block in the breech housing is sliding straight in a direction deviated from the vertical direction by 0° to 20°, more preferably by 0° to 10°, even more preferably by 0° to 4°, but most preferably vertically, i.e. with zero deviation from the vertical direction.
  • the above extension on the upper part of the rear part of the barrel may be a horizontal projection extending from the upper part of the rear part of the barrel from the plane of the insertion opening, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the barrel or reference axis, and which passes through the insertion opening, wherein the projection is oriented against the direction of firing parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel or reference axis.
  • the breech block comprises an upper part of the breech block and a lower part of the breech block, wherein the upper locking geometry of the block is formed on the upper part of the breech block and the lower locking geometry of the block is formed on the lower part of the breech block.
  • the upper part of the breech block may be defined as the part of the breech block located above the plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis of the barrel, or reference axis, in the position where the breech block is in the closed position
  • the lower part of the breech block may be the part of the breech block located below the plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis, or reference axis, of the barrel, all of which is relative to the position where the breech block is in the closed position.
  • the upper locking means may have two upper locking geometries of the rear part of the barrel that may complementarily fit into one or two upper locking geometries of the breech barrel, or conversely, multiple upper locking geometries of the breech barrel may fit into one or more upper locking geometries of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the lower locking means may have two upper locking geometries of the rear part of the barrel that may complementarily fit into one or two upper locking geometries of the breech barrel, or conversely, multiple upper locking geometries of the breech barrel may fit into one or more upper locking geometries of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the locking means are of the type of a mechanical socket and a mechanical plug that fits into it in shape and size.
  • one locking geometry from each pair of the above-mentioned complementary locking geometries includes a projection, which is of the plug type, and the other locking geometry from this pair is of the socket type, i.e. includes a recess or an opening or depression or notch or cutout, so that the complementary geometries in the given pair fit together when they are connected.
  • the plug type can be implemented on the breech block and the socket type on the rear part of the barrel or vice versa, both in the case of the upper locking means and the lower locking means.
  • the projection may be, for example, a peg, tooth, cog, tooth, protrusion, or other similar geometries.
  • the assembly of a barrel and a breech of a firearm may also be implemented such that the plug of at least one locking means includes at least two projections fitting into a common socket or into multiple sockets of the same locking means, e.g. into lateral recesses.
  • the upper locking geometry of the breech block may comprise, for example, a projection that fits in shape and size into a recess in the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the lower locking geometry of the breech block may comprise an opening, and the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel may comprise a projection fitting into the opening.
  • the upper locking geometry of the breech block is a socket that comprises a depression
  • the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel is a plug that comprises a protrusion
  • the lower locking geometry of the breech block is a plug that comprises a protrusion
  • the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel is a socket that comprises a depression
  • the upper locking geometry of the breech block comprises a functional area of the upper locking geometry of the breech block.
  • the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel may then comprise a functional area of the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the lower locking geometry of the breech block may comprise a functional area of the lower locking geometry of the breech block, and the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel may comprise a functional area of the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the breech block can be positioned in a closed, thus locked, position in which the functional area of the upper locking geometry of the breech block engages with the functional area of the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel and the functional area of the lower locking geometry of the breech block engages with the functional area of the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the functional areas which are adjacent to each other during locking have function of mutual stops to prevent the breech block from being thrown away from the bottom of the cartridge chamber, or the insertion opening, during firing to prevent the insertion opening from opening during firing and the breech block from striking the breech housing and the forces generated during firing from acting significantly on the breech housing.
  • the breech housing may preferably be made of steel, lightweight composite, or lightweight alloy, especially of a material lighter than steel, for example aluminum or titanium alloy, etc.
  • the above basic and improved embodiments may be implemented on an assembly of a barrel and a breech for a single-barrel firearm, where the barrel includes one bore and one cartridge chamber and one insertion opening.
  • they may be implemented for double-barrel weapons, where the barrel includes a left bore and a left cartridge chamber connected to it with a left insertion opening, and a right bore and a right cartridge chamber with a right insertion opening connected to it arranged adjacent thereto at the same height level; or the barrel may include an upper bore and an upper cartridge chamber connected to it with an upper insertion opening and a lower bore and a lower cartridge chamber connected to it with a lower insertion opening arranged below them.
  • the invention is also suitable for more than double-barrel weapons.
  • Multiple-barrel weapons with barrels arranged in at least two height levels include at least one uppermost bore and at least one uppermost cartridge chamber connected to it terminating in an insertion opening, and at the same time at least one lowermost bore and at least one lowermost cartridge chamber connected to it by a different, its own insertion opening.
  • the solution of the invention is of great benefit, because there the broadenings to the side of the weapon with embodiments known from the state of the art are completely unsuitable.
  • Another object of the invention is a firearm that includes the assembly of a barrel and a breech of the above basic embodiment or any preferred embodiment.
  • the firearm can be a small arm, e.g. a rifle, or a pistol.
  • the weapon can be e.g. single-shot or multiple-shot.
  • the weapon can be single-barrel or multiple-barrel, for example double-barrel.
  • the invention relates to a structure and mechanism of a breech 1 of a firearm in cooperation with a rear part 2 of a barrel.
  • the firearm can be, for example, a small arm, e.g. a rifle, or a pistol.
  • the weapon can be e.g. single-shot or multiple-shot.
  • the weapon can be single-barrel or multiple-barrel, for example double-barrel.
  • fig. 1 a longitudinal section of a part of the weapon with an exemplary embodiment of the breech 1 of the invention is shown.
  • front, rear, lower, upper let us define the basic position of the weapon as the position where the weapon has its trigger, as shown in fig. 1 , located at the bottom at the lower margin of the weapon and also closer to the rear margin of the weapon, the cartridge 8 leaves the barrel 3 through the front of the weapon during firing.
  • the reference axis 18, which at the same time passes through the longitudinal axes of the cartridge chamber 7 , bore 6, barrel 3, is oriented horizontally, wherein the components of the weapon that are located above the height level of the horizontal axis, as indicated in fig. 1 , are designated as upper.
  • the top of the weapon is at the margin of the weapon where the top piece 5 is located.
  • the horizontal plane can be intersected by the reference axis 18 .
  • the vertical direction is the direction perpendicular to the reference axis 18 .
  • the vertical plane can be intersected by the area of the insertion opening 9, i.e. at the same time perpendicular to the reference axis.
  • the assembly of the barrel 3 and the breech 1 of the firearm comprised a breech housing 10, the barrel 3 housed longitudinally in and attached to the breech housing 10 , and a straight sliding breech block 11 .
  • the barrel 3 had the front part 4 of the barrel, distant from the breech 1 in the direction of firing and the rear part 2 of the barrel close to the breech 1 .
  • the barrel 3 was in one variant of this basic embodiment made of one piece, i.e. the rear part 2 of the barrel formed one compact piece with the front part 4 of the barrel, in other variants the barrel 3 was made of multiple pieces, for example, the rear part 2 of the barrel had one or multiple separately made components, for example, the top piece 5, which was connected to the rest of the barrel 3 removably or non-removably.
  • the barrel 3 further included a bore 6 of the barrel, and in the rear part 2 of the barrel a cartridge chamber 7 connected to the bore 6 intended for inserting a cartridge 8 through a rear or insertion opening 9 implemented at the rear end of the cartridge chamber 7 .
  • the bottom of the barrel 3 is also located in the place of the insertion opening 9 if closed by the breech block 11 .
  • the axis of the cartridge chamber 7 passes through the center of the cartridge chamber 7 , or through the individual centers of the circumferential circles of the cavity of the cartridge chamber 7 , and at the same time, in the case of a single-barrel weapon, this axis becomes the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel or, in other words, the reference axis 18 for the purpose of defining other parts of the assembly of the barrel 3 and the breech 1 of the firearm.
  • this reference axis 18 passes through the bottom of the barrel 3, through the insertion opening 9, and longitudinally through the center of the cavity of the bore 6 of the barrel.
  • the cartridge chamber 7 was intended to store the cartridge 8 in the weapon and comprised the rear insertion opening 9 through which the cartridge 8 was inserted into the cartridge chamber 7. Like the cartridge chamber 7, the insertion opening 9 was implemented on the rear part 2 of the barrel.
  • the rear part 2 of the barrel was a component of the barrel 3, i.e., it was brought out directly on the barrel 3 , it was formed by milling, but it can also be formed e.g. by forging, forming, chip machining, etc.
  • the rear part 2 of the barrel was made of steel. However, it can also be made of another material, e.g. metal, e.g. titanium or other metal alloy with sufficient firmness.
  • the individual components of the barrel 3, the front part 4 of the barrel, the individual components of the rear part 2 of the barrel, and optionally also the top piece 5 were made of the same material, but they may also be made of different materials or multiple types of materials.
  • the breech 1 comprised the breech housing 10 and breech block 11.
  • the breech housing 10 was firmly connected to the barrel 3 , the barrel 3 was partially housed in the breech housing 10 but could be firmly connected thereto in any other way without being partially housed in this breech housing 10.
  • This firm connection can be removable or non-removable.
  • the breech block 11 was slidingly housed in the breech housing 10.
  • the sliding housing can be implemented in multiple ways, for example, in one variant the breech housing 10 comprised areas complementary to the areas on the breech block 11. These areas served as sliding guide areas during movement of the breech block 11 within the breech 1 , e.g. in a lateral direction to the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel, for example in a straight, at least approximately vertical direction, i.e.
  • the sliding direction of movement of the breech block 11 was vertical.
  • this sliding housing it was possible to open and close the insertion opening 9 by moving the breech block 11 within the mechanism of the breech 1, or the breech housing 10, between the open position, where the breech block 11 was inserted downward, and the closed position, where the breech block 11 was extended upward, wherein the breech block 11 in the open position allowed the insertion of the cartridge 8 into the cartridge chamber 7, and in the closed position the breech block 11 closed the insertion opening 9 of the cartridge chamber 7 to form the bottom thereof.
  • the breech block 11 moving vertically or substantially vertically with, for example, a deviation from the vertical direction of ⁇ 20°, i.e.
  • FIG. 4b shows an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of only the breech block 11 and the rear part 2 of the barrel with the breech block 11 in the closed position.
  • fig. 7a shows an embodiment of the invention of the second exemplary embodiment on a double-barrel weapon having an assembly of two bores 6 arranged side by side.
  • FIG. 4a shows an isometric view of an exemplary embodiment of only the breech block 11 and the rear part 2 of the barrel, wherein the breech block 11 is in the open position.
  • fig. 7b shows the second exemplary embodiment of the invention on a double-barrel weapon having an assembly of two bores 6 arranged side by side in the second exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 3a illustrates the breech 1 with the breech block 11 in the closed position.
  • Fig. 3b illustrates the breech 1 with the breech block 11 in the open position. As can be seen in this case, space is provided for removing or inserting the cartridge 8 into the cartridge chamber 7.
  • the breech housing 10 in this exemplary embodiment was made of aluminum and thus was approximately three times lighter than the commonly used steel breech housings 10, which was made possible by the use of the assembly of the barrel 3 and the breech 1 of the firearm of the invention, which reduces the demands on the firmness of the breech housing 10, resulting in a lower weight of the weapon which is easier to handle, reduces fatigue and demands on the shooter, and thus also increases the probability of hitting the target and the accuracy of aiming at the target, especially when used for extended periods of time. A side effect is also easier, more economical transport of lightweight weapons.
  • the mechanism of the breech 1 would work even if it were made of steel or other metal, but its greatest advantage lies in the possibility of implementing it using materials lighter than steel, for example, lighter metals or also a light alloy, e.g. an aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or composite, or other material of sufficient firmness, and thus enabling a reduction in the weight of the weapon compared to a weapon with a breech of the state of the art.
  • a light alloy, composite, or other lightweight material of sufficient firmness can be used in the making of the breech housing 10 thanks to the arrangement of the locking means and the mechanism of the breech 1 of the invention as described below.
  • the breech 1 may further include other pieces, such as e.g. a trigger mechanism or a firing pin mechanism, wherein a part of the firing pin mechanism may for example pass through the breech block 11.
  • the breech block 11 included two locking means:
  • the complementary locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 fit together in shape and size, it was possible to connect them in the closed position and thus ensure the locking of the breech block 11 to the rear part 2 of the barrel such that the force from the firing acting on the bottom of the cartridge chamber 7 was absorbed by the breech block 11 and the rear part 2 of the barrel, thus preventing the mutual displacement of the breech block 11 from the rear insertion opening 9.
  • the locking prevented the sliding breech block 11 from being thrown away from the insertion opening 9 against the direction of firing and thus also the sliding breech block 11 from striking the breech housing 10 by the forces generated during firing.
  • the complementary locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 could also be unlocked for the purpose of inserting the cartridge 8 and thus disengaged to open the insertion opening 9 into the cartridge chamber 7 for inserting the cartridge 8.
  • the vertical direction of the slide of the breech block 11 in connection with the locking means so arranged is most preferable because of the possibility of a narrow implementation of the weapon, which facilitates handling of the weapon.
  • These locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 complementary in shape and size allow the breech block 11 to be locked against the rear part 2 of the barrel to prevent it from being thrown away from the insertion opening 9 against the direction of firing, or in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel, i.e., the reference axis 18.
  • the locking may occur in at least one mutual position of the breech block 11 relative to the rear part 2 of the barrel if the breech block 11 is in the closed position.
  • the locking of the complementary locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 ensures that any force generated during firing by the cartridge case of the cartridge 8 acting on the breech block 11 is transferred to at least one complementary locking geometry 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel and is therefore not transferred by the breech block 11 further to the breech housing 10.
  • the destructive forces acting on the breech housing 10 during firing are reduced or eliminated, and the breech housing 10 can thus be made of lighter materials than in the prior art where, for example, steel is commonly used.
  • the insertion opening 9 is opened, thereby allowing access to the cartridge chamber 7.
  • the movement of the breech block 11 to the open position may most preferably be a vertical downward movement of the breech block 11 within the mechanism of the breech 1 .
  • the mutually complementary locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 are connected and locked.
  • the block 11 of the breech 1 in the closed position serves to close the rear insertion opening 9 and thereby to prevent access to the cartridge chamber 7 .
  • the weapon can be fired with the breech 1 or breech block 11 in the closed position.
  • the mutually complementary locking geometries 12 , 14 and 13, 15 engage at least with their functional areas 501, 601 and 502, 602 and the mutually locked, i.e. engaged, complementary locking geometries 12, 14 and 13, 15 are able to absorb all the force from the firing acting on the bottom of the cartridge case during firing.
  • FIG. 6a and 6b An exemplary embodiment of the breech block 11 as implemented with two locking geometries 12, 13 is shown in fig. 6a and 6b , from which it can be seen that the first, so-called upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block is located spatially higher than the second, so-called lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block.
  • the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block was at least partially on the upper part 16 of the breech block, wherein the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block was at least partially on the lower part 17 of the breech block.
  • the upper part 16 of the breech block was defined as the part of the breech block 11 located above the plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel, i.e.
  • the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block was also located above the level of the insertion opening 9 in the closed position and the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block below the level of the insertion opening 9 in the position.
  • the rear part 2 of the barrel comprised two locking geometries 14 , 15 complementary thereto located on the rear part 2 of the barrel at corresponding height levels and positions, such that they were spatially separated from each other, as shown in figs. 5a and 5b.
  • Fig. 5a is an isometric illustration of the rear part 2 of the barrel from the lower front side
  • fig. 5b is a longitudinal section of the rear part 2 of the barrel.
  • the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel was located spatially higher, e.g. near the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel, than the lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel, which was located near the lower part 20 of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel was a part of the upper part 2 of the barrel located above the plane horizontally intersected by the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel, i.e. the reference axis 18, and the lower part 20 of the rear part of the barrel was a part of the rear part 2 of the barrel located below this plane.
  • the locking geometries 12 , 13 of the breech block in this exemplary embodiment included functional areas 601 and 602 that engage with the functional areas 501 and 502 of the locking geometries 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel when the breech block 11 is moved to the closed position.
  • the functional areas 501, 601 and 502, 602 thus have the function of stops which stop against each other in the locked position in the opposite direction and thus prevent the breech block 11 from being thrown away from the insertion opening 9 during firing.
  • the functional area 601 of the upper locking geometry of the breech block engages with the functional area 501 of the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel and the functional area 602 of the lower locking geometry of the breech block engages with the functional area 502 of the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the mutual engagement of these functional areas 501, 601 and 502, 602 in the closed position of the breech block 11 means that the functional areas 501, 601 and 502, 602 come into close contact with each other, press against each other and thus ensure the transfer of the force from the firing acting on the bottom of the cartridge case from the breech block 11 to the rear part 2 of the barrel, thereby eliminating the forces exerted by the breech block 11 on the breech housing 10.
  • the rear part 2 of the barrel included the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel located on the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel in a rearward direction, i.e., opposite the direction of firing, parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel.
  • the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel was in the shape of a horizontal projection projecting from the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel from the plane 206 of the insertion opening, which is perpendicular to the axis 18 of the barrel, i.e., to the reference axis 18 , and which at the same time passes through the insertion opening 9, such that the contour of the insertion opening 9 belongs to this plane 206 of the insertion opening, wherein the projection was oriented against the direction of firing parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the barrel, i.e. the reference axis 18.
  • This example is clearly visible e.g. in fig. 2 .
  • This extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel extended horizontally above the space in the mechanism of the breech 1 intended for the breech block 11 and in which the breech block 11 can move.
  • the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel e.g. in the form of a projection, may be brought out completely on the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel and its entire volume may be located above the plane 207 passing horizontally through the highest point of the insertion opening 9, that is, it may be located completely above the height level of the insertion opening 9.
  • This arrangement may allow the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel to be located on the extension 204, and consequently allow the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block and the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel to be locked by vertical movement of the breech block 11 while still allowing easy access for insertion of the cartridge 8 into the cartridge chamber 7 through the insertion opening 9 from the lateral side.
  • the mutually complementary locking geometries 12 , 14 and 13, 15 may operate on the principle of a mechanical socket, which may take the form of a hole, recess, opening, depression, cutout, notch, etc., and a mechanical plug fitting therein, which may take the form of some projection, which may be, for example, a peg, cog, tooth, protrusion, or other similar geometries.
  • the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel was located on the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel, here e.g. on the lower side of the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel. If the breech block 11 is in the open position, then the lower side of the extension 204 of the rear part 2 of the barrel and the upper side of the upper part 16 of the breech block define a space 205 for access to the insertion opening.
  • the vertical movement of the breech block 11 from the open to the closed position allowed for locking of the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block and the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel, e.g. by inserting the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block into the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel in one variant where the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel included in various variants of this embodiment an opening, a depression, a cutout, or e.g.
  • the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block was a projection, or it allowed the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block to be slid onto the upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel in the opposite variant, where the upper locking geometry 14 of the breech block included a projection and the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block included in various variants of this embodiment an opening, a depression, a cutout, or e.g. a notch.
  • the two reversely implemented variants are both possible and implemented on the lower pair of the mutually complementary geometries 13 , 15 , i.e. the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block and the lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel.
  • FIG. 2 A longitudinal section of an exemplary embodiment of the assembly of the barrel 3 and the breech 1 of the firearm of the invention with the breech 1 and breech block 11 in the open position is illustrated in fig. 2 .
  • the insertion opening 9 is accessible through the space 205 for access to the insertion opening and allows access into the cartridge chamber 7. It is not possible to fire the weapon in the open position, unlike in the closed position of the breech 1 .
  • the locking complementary geometries 12 , 14 and 13, 15 are unlocked in this illustration. Specifically, the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block is in the unlocked position relative to its complementary upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel in fig. 2 , and the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block is in the unlocked position relative to its complementary lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the movement of the breech block 11 between the closed and the open position may be provided e.g. by a lever mechanism comprising e.g. a lever 201 and two pins 202 , 203.
  • the end pin 202 of the lever located at one end of the lever may provide rotational connection of the lever 201 with the breech housing 10, and the center pin 203 of the lever may be in connection to the breech block 11 .
  • the lever 201 may rotate around the end pin 202 of the lever.
  • the movement of the lever 201 may be transferred to the breech block 11 by the center pin 203 of the lever, which is located more toward the center of the lever 201 relative to the end pin 203 of the lever and is in connection to the breech block 11 .
  • upper part 16 of the breech block and the upper part 19 of the rear part of the barrel was the part of the breech block 11 and the part of the rear part 2 of the barrel located above the plane intersected by the longitudinal axis of the uppermost cartridge chamber 7 , and this was related to the position where the breech block 11 is in the closed position.
  • the lower part 17 of the breech block and the lower part 20 of the rear part of the barrel were, in this definition, the part of the breech block 11 and the part of the rear part 2 of the barrel located below the plane intersected by the longitudinal axis of the lowermost cartridge chamber 7 , again related to the position where the breech block 11 is in the closed position.
  • the breech block 11 may include more than two locking geometries 12, 13.
  • one of the implemented examples of an embodiment of the breech block 11 is shown including two upper locking geometries 12 of the breech block and one lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block.
  • the breech block 11 may comprise also multiple upper locking geometries 12 of the breech block and likewise multiple lower locking geometries 13 of the breech block.
  • the upper locking geometries 12 of the breech block may be located at a single horizontal level in the case of a greater number of them, as in the example in fig. 9 , or they may be located at different horizontal levels, which similarly applies also for the lower locking geometries 13 of the breech block. In case there is more than one lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block on the breech block 11, these may be located at the same horizontal level or at different horizontal levels.
  • each individual locking geometry of the breech block 11 had one locking geometry of the rear part 2 of the barrel complementary to it.
  • Another example where more than one locking geometry of the breech block had in common a single complementary locking geometry of the rear part 2 of the barrel is shown in figs. 8 and 9 , where the two upper locking geometries 12 of the breech block shown in fig. 9 have one common complementary geometry 14 on the rear part 2 of the barrel shown in fig. 8 .
  • more than one locking geometry of the rear part 2 of the barrel had one complementary locking geometry on the breech block 11.
  • the locking geometry 12 , 13 of the breech block may be a compact component of the breech block 11 or may be firmly connected to the breech block 11.
  • the breech block 11 and the locking geometry 12 , 13 of the breech block may be made of e.g. a metal, e.g. steel, titanium, or other alloy of sufficient firmness. In the basic exemplary embodiment, for example, they were made of steel.
  • the locking geometry 12, 13 of the breech block which was a compact component of the breech block 11, was made by machining in the example, but can also be formed on the breech block 11 by milling, drilling, chip machining, forming, etc., or, in the case that it is firmly connected to the breech block 11, the connection may include e.g. a thread, a peg, a wedge, a pin, a screw, a click, a geometric connection, a weld, a glue, a solder, a rivet, or a pressed connection, and may be made of the same or different material than the breech block 11.
  • the locking geometry 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel may be a compact component of the rear part 2 of the barrel or some of the components of the rear part 2 of the barrel, or may be firmly connected to the rear part 2 of the barrel.
  • the rear part 2 of the barrel and the locking geometry 14, 15 of the rear part of the barrel were made of steel, but they can be made of a different metal, e.g. titanium, or other alloy with sufficient firmness.
  • the locking geometry 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel was a compact component of the rear part 2 of the barrel and was made by machining, but it can also be formed on the rear part 2 of the barrel by another method, e.g.
  • connection may include e.g. a thread, a peg, a wedge, a pin, a screw, a click, a geometric connection, a weld, a glue, a solder, a rivet, or a pressed connection and may be made of the same or different material than the rear part 2 of the barrel.
  • the upper locking geometry 12 of the breech block included e.g. a projection and the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block included e.g. an opening, a cutout, a depression, or a notch
  • the complementary upper locking geometry 14 of the rear part of the barrel included e.g. an opening, a cutout, or a notch
  • the lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel included e.g. a projection.
  • a further example of an embodiment of the breech block 11 and the rear part 2 of the barrel is shown, which differs from the previous exemplary embodiments in having a different lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block and a lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel complementary to it.
  • the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block in this example comprised a projection with two lateral projections 1001 and two functional areas 602 of the lower locking geometry 13 of the breech block, as shown in fig. 10a .
  • a rear part 2 of the barrel is illustrated with the lower locking geometry 15 of the rear part of the barrel, which comprises two laterally spatially separated projections 1002 including two functional areas 502 of the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.
  • the principle of locking the breech block 11 to the rear part 2 of the barrel remains similar in this exemplary embodiment as in the previous exemplary embodiments.
  • the relative position of the rear part 2 of the barrel and the breech block 11 in the open position is shown in fig. 10c , and in the closed position in fig. 10d .
  • the breech block 11 By moving the breech block 11 to the closed position within the breech housing 10, e.g. by moving it vertically upward perpendicular to the axis 18 of the barrel, i.e. the reference axis 18, the mutually complementary locking geometries 12 , 13 of the breech block and the locking geometries 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel are brought into a mutually locked position similar to the previous examples.
  • the mutually complementary locking geometries 12, 13 of the breech block and the locking geometries 14 , 15 of the rear part of the barrel engage with each other by at least their functional areas 501 , 502 , 601 , 602 .
  • the functional area 601 of the upper locking geometry of the breech block engages with the functional area 501 of the upper locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel and the functional areas 602 of the lower locking geometry of the breech block engage with the functional areas 502 of the lower locking geometry of the rear part of the barrel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP23218238.6A 2023-02-28 2023-12-19 Assembly of the barrel and breech of a firearm and a firearm with this assembly Pending EP4435371A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ2023-79A CZ202379A3 (cs) 2023-02-28 2023-02-28 Sestava závěru a hlavně střelné zbraně a střelná zbraň s touto sestavou

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EP4435371A1 true EP4435371A1 (en) 2024-09-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23218238.6A Pending EP4435371A1 (en) 2023-02-28 2023-12-19 Assembly of the barrel and breech of a firearm and a firearm with this assembly

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CZ (1) CZ202379A3 (cs)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE445589A (fr) * 1940-05-08 1942-06-30 Matthias Nickels Arme à feu portative à canons superposés et à fermeture par bloc vertical.
US4879827A (en) 1988-02-05 1989-11-14 Roger Gentry Single shot falling block action rifle
EP2053336B1 (en) 2007-10-22 2010-08-04 Ardesa S.A. Single-shot rifle
DE102012108976A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Daniel Dentler Blockbüchse als Jagd- oder Sportwaffe
US20160341500A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 L&O Hunting Group GmbH Slide for a rifle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3656400A (en) * 1970-03-18 1972-04-18 Oberlikon Buehrle Holding Ag Automatic gun breech mechanism having latches to hold the breech block open

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE445589A (fr) * 1940-05-08 1942-06-30 Matthias Nickels Arme à feu portative à canons superposés et à fermeture par bloc vertical.
US4879827A (en) 1988-02-05 1989-11-14 Roger Gentry Single shot falling block action rifle
EP2053336B1 (en) 2007-10-22 2010-08-04 Ardesa S.A. Single-shot rifle
DE102012108976A1 (de) 2012-09-24 2014-03-27 Daniel Dentler Blockbüchse als Jagd- oder Sportwaffe
US20160341500A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 L&O Hunting Group GmbH Slide for a rifle

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Publication number Publication date
CZ310058B6 (cs) 2024-06-26
CZ202379A3 (cs) 2024-06-26

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