EP4433639B1 - Verfahren zum schneiden eines dreidimensionalen gewebes mit zwei durch streben miteinander verbundenen stoffbahnen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum schneiden eines dreidimensionalen gewebes mit zwei durch streben miteinander verbundenen stoffbahnen

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Publication number
EP4433639B1
EP4433639B1 EP22817212.8A EP22817212A EP4433639B1 EP 4433639 B1 EP4433639 B1 EP 4433639B1 EP 22817212 A EP22817212 A EP 22817212A EP 4433639 B1 EP4433639 B1 EP 4433639B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ply
cutting
sole
stays
referred
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP22817212.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4433639A1 (de
Inventor
Clément NAGODE
Thomas SIMONELLI
Magaly BROUSSEAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
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Publication of EP4433639A1 publication Critical patent/EP4433639A1/de
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Publication of EP4433639B1 publication Critical patent/EP4433639B1/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
    • D06H7/02—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials transversely
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
    • D06H7/14—Cutting fabrics by cutting the weft or warp threads while making special provision to avoid cutting warp or weft threads, respectively, adjacent to the cut

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fabric cutting.
  • Such a three-dimensional fabric can be used in particular for the manufacture of pneumatic tires for vehicle wheels, or in various other applications.
  • the objects assigned to the invention therefore aim to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a new cutting process which guarantees a precise, reliable and efficient cut of a three-dimensional fabric.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to position the cutting tool reproducibly between two rows of stays, to progressively move the three-dimensional fabric from a loose or even flattened configuration to a fully open configuration, simply by the relative movement of the penetration tip with respect to the three-dimensional fabric along the direction of introduction, which will make it possible to tension the stays to align said stays all substantially perpendicular to the lower and upper layers, and to maintain said stays under tension, before the passage of the cutting blade and until after the passage of the cutting blade, so that the trajectory of the cutting blade never crosses the path of a stay, and that the cutting operation therefore preserves the integrity of said stays.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates, according to a perspective view, a three-dimensional piece of fabric according to the invention, in a fully open configuration.
  • FIG 2 is a side view of the three-dimensional fabric of the figure 1 , in a projection plane containing the stacking direction and the chain direction.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate, respectively according to a perspective view and a front projection view in a plane normal to the direction of introduction, a cutting tool according to the invention, designed to make a cut of the upper layer only.
  • THE figures 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D are perspective views of the successive phases of a cross-sectional operation of three-dimensional tissue figures 1 and 2 by the tool of Figures 3A and 3B , according to an introduction direction which is transverse, here perpendicular, to the warp direction, and therefore parallel to the weft direction.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate, respectively according to a perspective view and a front projection view in a plane normal to the direction of insertion, a variant of the cutting tool figures 3A, 3B which has a bulge to widen the bearing surface of the upper sole, in the part forming the stabilizing spacer.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate, respectively according to a perspective view and a front projection view in a plane normal to the direction of insertion, another variant of the cutting tool figures 3A, 3B whose section gradually widens from the lower sole to the upper sole so that the upper sole is wider than the lower sole in the part forming the stabilizing brace.
  • FIG 7 illustrates, according to a perspective view, a variant of three-dimensional fabric which presents, in its width, empty spaces of stays called “longitudinal corridors" which allow the insertion of cutting tools to make a longitudinal cut, according to an introduction direction which is this time parallel to the warp direction.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate, respectively, according to a side view in a plane containing the insertion direction and the stacking direction, and according to a front projection view in a plane normal to the insertion direction, a variant of a cutting tool according to the invention that allows for a simultaneous cut of the lower and upper layers, more particularly a longitudinal cut along an insertion direction parallel to the warp direction, for example when said cutting tool is inserted into a longitudinal channel of the three-dimensional fabric of the figure 7 .
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B illustrate, respectively from a side view in a plane containing the insertion direction and the stacking direction, and from a top projection view in a plane normal to the stacking direction, a variant of the cutting tool Figures 8A and 8B whose soles have a flattened shape, and therefore a low height footprint, to facilitate the passage of the penetration tip between the roots of the stays, as close as possible to the lower and upper layers of the three-dimensional fabric.
  • the present invention relates to a method for cutting a fabric 1 called "three-dimensional fabric" 1.
  • the lower 2 and upper 3 layers are preferably each made of a woven textile, in which the warp yarns are oriented along the warp direction DX and the weft yarns are oriented along the weft direction DY.
  • the stays 4, which keep the lower layer 2 and the upper layer 3 attached to each other, are made of a flexible but substantially inextensible material, in order to allow the three-dimensional fabric 1 to adopt alternately a flattened configuration, in which the upper layer 3 is close to the lower layer 2, and the stays 4 sandwiched and lying between said layers 2, 3, and an open configuration, in which the stays are deployed and tensioned to accompany the upper layer 3 which moves away from the lower layer 2 in the stacking direction DZ until it reaches the maximum separation distance H5_max planned, at which said stays 4 stop the separation of the layers 2, 3 and oppose any further mutual separation of said lower layer 2 and upper layer 3 in the stacking direction DZ.
  • the 4 stays can be made of polyamide, polyester, elastane, aramid, or a mixture of these materials.
  • the length of the stays 4, and consequently the maximum spacing distance H5_max may be between 40 mm and 70 mm, more preferably between 45 mm and 65 mm, or even between 55 mm and 65 mm.
  • the lower layer 2 and the upper layer 3 overlap exactly, in projection in a plane normal to the stacking direction DZ, and for this purpose both have the same length along the warp direction DX on the one hand, and the same width along the weft direction DY on the other.
  • the process first comprises an opening step (a), which corresponds, for example, to Figures 4A and 4B , during which a cutting tool 10 is introduced into the connection space 5, between two neighboring stays 4, and in a direction called "introduction direction" D10 which is perpendicular to the stacking direction DZ, said cutting tool 10 comprising a first base 11, called “lower base” 11, intended to slide in contact with the face of the lower layer 2 which is oriented towards the connection space 5 and a second base 12, called “upper base” 12, intended to slide in contact with the face of the upper layer 3 which is oriented towards the connection space 5.
  • a opening step
  • the opening step (a) thus includes a spreading phase, during which the cutting tool 10 spreads the layers 2, 3 in order to put the stays 4 under tension, then a stabilization phase during which the spacer 14 keeps the layers 2, 3 spread apart and the stays 4 under tension.
  • the lower 11 and upper 12 flanges preferably form flat and parallel surfaces, normal to the stacking direction DZ.
  • Said flanges 11, 12 are therefore capable of maintaining, at least locally, the layers 2, 3 parallel to each other, at a distance from each other which is equal to the maximum spacing distance H5_max, and each of said layers 2, 3 substantially in a plane normal to the stacking direction DZ.
  • views 4A and 4B intentionally show the three-dimensional fabric 1 in a fully open configuration, whereas, in practice, the said three-dimensional fabric 1 is, until it has been pushed aside by the penetration point 13 and until it is effectively supported and stretched by the cutting tool 10, in a loose state, the stays 4 being more or less sagging.
  • the opening effect provided by the insertion of the cutting tool 10 between the lower 2 and upper 3 layers allows said layers 2, 3 to exert a pull on the stays 4, and thus to straighten and put the stays 4 into tension, according to the longitudinal extension direction of said stays 4, and then to maintain said stays 4 in tension as long as the stabilizing spacer 14 prevents said lower 2 and upper 3 layers from coming together under the tensile force exerted on said layers 2, 3, in reaction, by the stays 4.
  • the three-dimensional fabric 1 is thus advantageously opened by wedge effect, thanks to the penetration point 13 which bears on the lower layer 2, by means of the lower sole 11, to separate the upper layer 3 from the lower layer 2, against which the upper sole 12 simultaneously bears to push back said upper layer 3.
  • the three-dimensional fabric 1 is stabilized in a fully open configuration, which is stiffened by the stabilizing spacer 14 included in the cutting tool 10.
  • the three-dimensional fabric 1 being thus stretched in the stacking direction DZ and stiffened, and the stays 4 being consequently clear of the path of the cutting tool 10 and ordered, here substantially aligned in rows with respect to each other, it is possible to easily cut the targeted layer(s) 2, 3, without risking accidentally cutting a stay 4.
  • the method therefore comprises, after the opening step (a), a cutting step (b), during which at least one of the lower 2 and upper 3 layers is cut, without cutting any stays 4, by means of a cutting blade 15 which is associated with the corresponding sole 11, 12, at the level of the stabilizing spacer 14, as illustrated for example in the figure 4C .
  • the cutting blade 15 may have any suitable shape.
  • said cutting blade 15 may have a concave, sickle-shaped, curved shape, as is particularly visible on the Figures 3A , 5A , 6A , 8A And 9A .
  • said cutting blade 15 can be fixed directly onto the relevant sole 11, 12.
  • the stacking direction DZ will preferably be vertical, so that layers 2 and 3 will form horizontal surfaces when subjected to the cutting action, which will itself be carried out along an introduction direction D10 horizontal.
  • the lower layer 2 will then preferably be positioned below the upper layer 3, that is to say at a lower altitude than that of the upper layer 3.
  • the penetration tip 13 of the cutting tool 10 has, in projection in a plane normal to the stacking direction DZ, a first bevel 16 allowing the cutting tool 10 to make its way between two neighboring stays 4, and, in projection in a plane containing the introduction direction D10 and the stacking direction DZ, a second bevel 17 which allows the penetration tip 13 to separate the lower 2 and upper 3 layers from each other until reaching the fully open configuration.
  • the same penetration point 13 thus ensures the clearance of the passage for the cutting tool 10 in both directions transverse to the penetration direction D10, namely in the width of the cutting tool 10 thanks to the first bevel 16, and in the height of the cutting tool 10 thanks to the second bevel 17.
  • the bevels 16, 17 can, without going out of the scope of the invention, form straight ramps, and therefore appear in projection as straight segments arranged in broken lines, or they can form curved ramps, which follow curved lines.
  • the first and second bevels 16, 17 can meet and coexist at the front end of the sole(s) 11, 12 under consideration, to form a point, for example a polyhedral point as is the case on the Figures 3A , 5A, 6A , or a rounded point, as is the case on the Figures 9A and 9B .
  • the penetration point 13 advantageously forms a bow which precedes the stabilizing spacer 14 to separate the layers 2, 3 and the shrouds 4.
  • the variation in the height H13 of the penetration tip induced by the second bevel 17 will preferably represent at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, or even at least 30%, and possibly up to 100% (case of the Figures 3A , 5A, 6A ) of the height H14 of the stabilizing spacer 14, and therefore of the maximum spacing distance H5_max.
  • the progressive increase in height provided by the penetration tip 13 will be sufficient to allow the penetration tip 13 to engage a tissue three-dimensional 1 not stretched then to bring said three-dimensional fabric 1, and more particularly the stays 4, into tension along the stacking direction DZ.
  • the variation in height of the penetration tip induced by the second bevel 17 is equal to the height footprint H12 of the upper sole 12, since said second bevel 17 is here supported exclusively by said upper sole 12.
  • the variation in height of the penetration tip induced by the second bevel is equal to the sum of the respective height footprints H11, H12 of the lower footing 11 and the upper footing 12, since the second bevel 17 is distributed between these two footings 11, 12.
  • relatively flat base plates 11, 12 can be used for this purpose, i.e., having a small height H11, H12 along the stacking direction DZ, as illustrated in the Figures 9A and 9B .
  • Such relatively flat soles 11, 12 will be particularly suitable for engaging said soles 11, 12 as close as possible to the "roots" of the stays 4, that is to say, as close as possible to the point where said stays 4 emerge from the lower layer 2, respectively upper layer 3, in the connection space 5, according to the stacking direction DZ.
  • This can be advantageous for engaging the cutting tool 10 between two rows of stays 4 which are of considerable length and which, when not yet tensioned, tend to be disordered and intertwine in the central portion of the connection space 5.
  • the three-dimensional fabric 1 comprises a plurality of continuous reinforcing yarns 20 which are oriented along the warp direction DX and arranged side by side, parallel to each other, according to a predetermined repetition pitch P20 in the weft direction DY.
  • each reinforcing wire 20 then forms, along the DX warp direction, and as illustrated on the figure 2 , a crenellated undulation which includes a succession of periods which each include a first segment 21 called "upper segment” 21, where the reinforcing wire 20 is interlaced with the upper layer 3, then a second segment 22 forming a stay 4 called “descending" which connects said upper segment 21, and therefore the upper layer 3, to the lower layer 2, then a third segment 23 called "lower segment” 23, where the reinforcing wire 20 is interlaced with the lower layer 2, then a fourth segment 24 forming a stay 4 called "ascending" which connects said lower segment 23, and therefore the lower layer 2, to the upper layer 3.
  • a crenellated undulation which includes a succession of periods which each include a first segment 21 called "upper segment” 21, where the reinforcing wire 20 is interlaced with the upper layer 3, then a second segment 22 forming a stay 4 called “descending" which connects said upper segment 21, and therefore the upper layer 3, to the lower layer 2,
  • the fourth segment 24 forming the ascending stay 4 connects the lower segment 23 of the period concerned to the first segment, namely the upper segment 21, of the following period, etc.
  • the segments 21, 22, 23, 24, and therefore more particularly the corresponding stays 4, of the different reinforcing wires 20 which follow one another along the weft direction DY are aligned in rows according to said weft direction DY, so as to delimit within the bond space 5, between each row of stays 4, transverse corridors 25 empty of stays and oriented according to said weft direction DY.
  • the introduction direction D10 is transverse to the warp direction DX, and more preferably perpendicular to the warp direction DX and therefore parallel to the weft direction DY.
  • the penetration tip 13 of the cutting tool 10 is then engaged in the so-called "transverse corridor" 25, which is comprised between, on the one hand, a row of descending stays 4, 22 distributed along the weft direction DY and corresponding to the plurality of reinforcing wires 20, and, on the other hand, the immediately following row of ascending stays 4, 24, as can be seen on the figure 4B .
  • the lower sole 11 is without a cutting blade 15 and is arranged to slide on the row of lower segments 23 which are integrated into the lower layer 2 above the transverse channel 25, without cutting said lower segments 23, while the upper sole 12 is provided with a cutting blade 15 which cuts the upper layer 3, in the space between two successive rows of upper segments 21, and consequently without cutting the reinforcing wires 20, as can be seen on the Figures 4C and 4D .
  • the lower sole 11 is used here to retain the lower layer 2, and the lower segments 23 of the reinforcing wires 20, which form the floor of the transverse corridor 25, against the tensile stress exerted in the stacking direction DZ by the tensioning of the stays 4 and by the cutting operation, while the upper sole 12 tensions the upper layer 3 and cuts the latter in an interval where said upper layer 3 is devoid of reinforcing wires 20, and which here corresponds to the ceiling of the transverse corridor 25.
  • the lower sole 11 will rest, according to the stacking direction DZ, on the lower layer 2, and therefore on the corresponding lower segments 23, while the lower layer 2 and the lower segments 23 will themselves rest on an underlying rigid support, such as an anvil or table.
  • the lower layer 2, and more generally the three-dimensional fabric 1, will thus be guided in a particularly precise and fluid, between the lower sole 11 and the underlying support, during the cutting operation.
  • making cuts in only one of the two layers 2, 3 allows the three-dimensional fabric 1 to remain in one piece, thanks to the intact, uncut layer 2, while increasing the ability of said three-dimensional fabric 1 to conform to fit a curved surface, since the cutting lines LC3 allow the different portions of the cut layer 3 to move freely away from each other in order to accommodate an increase in length induced by the curvature of said surface.
  • the width W12 of the upper sole 12, considered perpendicular to the feed direction D10 is greater than the width W11 of the lower sole 11, as can be seen in the Figures 5B and 6B .
  • Such an arrangement allows us to take into account the fact that the stays 4 are generally not, even when under tension in the fully open configuration, strictly perpendicular to the layers 2, 3, particularly due to the transitions between segments 21, 23 integrated into said layers 2, 3 and segments 22, 24 emerging from the stays 4, so that said segments 21, 22, 23, 24 of the same reinforcing wire 20 do not exactly form a rectangular crenellation, but rather follow, along the warp direction DX, a trapezoidal crenellation, the shorter bases of which correspond to the segments 21, 23 integrated into the layers 2, 3, and the longer bases correspond to the gaps, empty of reinforcing wires 20, which separate, within the same layer 2, 3, and along the same reinforcing wire 20, two segments successive of the same nature integrated into said layer 2, 3 (i.e. two successive upper segments 21 of the same reinforcing wire 20, or respectively two successive lower segments 23 of the same reinforcing wire).
  • the increased width W12 of the upper sole 12 maximizes the bearing surface of the laying tool 10, which supports the upper sheet 3 during the cutting operation, at the level of the larger base of the trapezoid, that is, in the example given here, between two successive upper segments 21, at the level of the corridor ceiling transverse 25. This stabilizes the upper layer 3 even more effectively during the cutting operation.
  • the additional width W12 of the upper sole 12 can be achieved by any suitable modification, for example by providing a local bulge or an added piece 26 as an additional thickness of the cutting tool 10 in the area of the stabilizing spacer 14, as illustrated in the Figures 5A and 5B , or alternatively by providing a cutting tool 10 whose cross-section is, in the area of the stabilizing spacer 14, flared so as to widen continuously, according to a predetermined opening angle A14, between the lower flange 11 and the upper flange 12, as can be seen on the figure 6B .
  • the introduction direction D10 is, this time, parallel to the chain direction DX.
  • the penetration tip 13 of the cutting tool 10 is then engaged in the space called "longitudinal corridor" 27 which is contained between two immediately adjacent parallel reinforcing wires 20.
  • the lower sole 11 and the upper sole 12 are each provided with a cutting blade 15, as illustrated in the Figures 8A, 8B And 9A , in order to simultaneously cut the lower layer 2 and the upper layer 3 along the warp direction DX, between the two reinforcing wires 20, as schematically represented by the cutting lines LC2, LC3 which appear as dotted lines on the figure 7 .
  • the cutting lines LC2, LC3 may, if necessary, be located approximately in the center of the longitudinal corridor 27 along the weft direction DY.
  • the cutting lines LC2, LC3 will be located at a distance of between 2 mm and 4 mm from the last stay 4 belonging to the three-dimensional fabric strip 1 that is to be retained, so that the cut can be made as close as possible to the stay 4 while preserving some intact warp threads between said stay 4 and the cutting line LC2, LC3, and therefore between said stay 4 and edge of the strip thus cut, so as to prevent said stay 4, which is closest to said edge of the strip, from detaching from said strip during the implementation of said strip.
  • an enlarged longitudinal corridor 27 can be provided by locally increasing the distance separating, in the weft direction DY, the immediately adjacent reinforcing wires 20 that laterally delimit said longitudinal corridor 27, relative to the distance separating the other reinforcing wires 20 from each other. That is to say, at the reinforcing wire 20 placement iteration corresponding to the longitudinal corridor 27, the spacing P20 between the reinforcing wires 20 can be locally increased compared to the "normal" spacing P20 used outside the longitudinal corridor 27, as can be seen on the figure 7 .
  • An enlarged longitudinal corridor 27 will indeed facilitate the introduction and progression of the cutting tool 10 relative to the three-dimensional fabric 1, and will considerably limit the risks of snagging a stay 4 or cutting a stay 4 by a sole 11, 12. It will also allow the use of relatively wide soles 11, 12, which will offer a large bearing surface to the layers 2, 3, and will thus ensure a particularly stable holding of the layers 2, 3, especially during the cutting operation.
  • a suitable cutting tool 10 in particular a cutting tool 10 whose soles 11, 12 have a low height footprint H11, H12 as described above, it will be possible to cut the three-dimensional fabric 1 along a "narrow" longitudinal corridor 27, that is to say, whose width corresponds for example to the "normal" distribution pitch P20, constant, of the stays 4 according to the weft direction DY.
  • two cutting tools 10 are simultaneously engaged in two distinct parallel longitudinal channels 27, so that the simultaneous cutting operation of the lower 2 and upper 3 layers in each of the two longitudinal channels 27 allows the three-dimensional tissue 1 to be subdivided into a central band 28, contained between the two longitudinal channels 27, and two lateral bands 29, 30, as shown in the figure 7 .
  • Such a process which simultaneously involves four soles 11, 12 and four corresponding cutting blades 15, makes it possible in particular to produce a central band 28 of suitable width, for example adapted to the dimensions of the pneumatic tire which said central band 28 will equip, and to eliminate the edges corresponding to the lateral bands 29, 30, in order to produce a precise, clean and burr-free delimitation of the central band 28.
  • Such a process can in particular be implemented downstream of a manufacturing station where a three-dimensional fabric 1 is produced continuously over very long lengths, exceeding one hundred meters or even one thousand meters, in order to carry out a longitudinal cut, and therefore an adaptation in width of the three-dimensional fabric 1, on the fly, as said three-dimensional fabric comes out, in its raw state, from the manufacturing station.
  • FIG. 8A and 8B An example of a cutting tool 10 particularly suited to longitudinal cutting is shown schematically on the Figures 8A and 8B .
  • the lower sole 11 and the upper sole 12 each have a ski shape with a curved tip 31, and are joined in a mirror image by their respective tips 31 to form the penetration tip 13.
  • spatulas 31 arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry normal to the stacking direction DZ can in particular allow, if the height H11, H12 of said spatulas, and therefore of the soles, is sufficiently large, to place the top of the penetration tip 13 substantially at mid-height of the bond space 5, and allows the two layers 2, 3 to distribute and flow in a substantially symmetrical and homogeneous way along the cutting tool 10, each on a different side of the plane of symmetry, which avoids cutting irregularities between the lower layer 2 and the upper layer 3.
  • the cutting tool 10 will preferably be mounted at a height and in a fixed position, so that the lower 2 and upper 3 sheets which pass in contact with the soles 11, 12 are floating, that is to say that they are not pressed by the cutting tool 10 against any support such as a table or an anvil, and that their trajectory is not constrained by such a support which would be placed opposite the soles 11, 12.
  • the said sheets 2, 3 therefore circulate freely on each of the opposite faces of said cutting tool 10, such as these faces are materialized by a sole 11, 12.
  • the spatulas 31 can advantageously form the double bevel 16, 17 mentioned above. Furthermore, the curved profile of the spatulas 31 will facilitate the smooth insertion and progression of the penetration tip 3, and more generally of the cutting tool 10, within the three-dimensional tissue 1.
  • the variant of the embodiment illustrated on the Figures 9A and 9B presents a cutting tool 10 whose soles 11, 12 have "quasi-flat" spatulas 31 and which therefore advantageously have a low height footprint H11, H12.
  • Such a variant will be particularly suitable for cutting a three-dimensional fabric 1 whose stays have a large length, typically on the order of 55 mm to 65 mm, and whose longitudinal channels 27 have a small width (considered at the root of the stays 4 formed by two neighboring reinforcing wires 20), typically between 15 mm and 25 mm, in particular on the order of 20 mm.
  • the implementation of relatively narrow longitudinal corridors 27 will maximize the useful width of the central band 28, and thus reduce the drops represented by the lateral bands 29, 30.
  • the cutting movement is generated by moving the three-dimensional tissue 1, along the introduction direction D10, relative to the cutting tool 10 which is held fixed.
  • Such an option makes it possible in particular to manage a continuous flow of three-dimensional fabric 1, in the case of a longitudinal cut.
  • the three-dimensional fabric 1, and more particularly the central band 28 and the lateral bands 29, 30 derived from it, can be pulled by motorized reels located downstream of the cutting tool 10 and on which the said strips 28, 29, 30 are wound, as they are cut.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Schneiden eines als "dreidimensionales Gewebe" (1) bezeichneten Gewebes, das entlang einer als "Stapelrichtung" (DZ) bezeichneten Richtung übereinanderliegend umfasst: i) eine als "untere Lage" (2) bezeichnete erste Lage (2) des Gewebes, die sich in der Länge entlang einer als "Kettrichtung" (DX) bezeichneten ersten Richtung, die senkrecht zu der Stapelrichtung (DZ) verläuft, und in der Breite entlang einer als "Schussrichtung" (DY) bezeichneten Richtung, die senkrecht zu der Kettrichtung (DX) und zu der Stapelrichtung (DZ) verläuft, erstreckt, ii) eine als "obere Lage" (3) bezeichnete zweite Lage (3) des Gewebes, die verschieden von der unteren Lage (2) ist und die sich parallel zu der unteren Lage erstreckt, und iii) ein Netz aus als "Streben" (4) bezeichneten Fäden, die in dem als "Verbindungsraum" (5) bezeichneten Raum angeordnet sind, der zwischen der unteren Lage (2) und der oberen Lage (3) liegt, und jeweils die untere Lage (2) mit der oberen Lage (3) verbinden, um es der oberen Lage (3) und der unteren Lage (2) zu ermöglichen, sich auf Distanz voneinander entlang der Stapelrichtung (DZ), begrenzt auf eine maximale Beabstandungsdistanz (H5_max), die durch die Länge der Streben (4) bestimmt wird, zu beabstanden, wobei sie aneinander gebunden bleiben, wobei das Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es umfasst:
    - einen Schritt (a) des Öffnens, während dessen ein Schneidwerkzeug (10) in den Verbindungsraum (5), zwischen zwei benachbarten Streben (4), und entlang einer als "Einführungsrichtung" (D10) bezeichneten Richtung, die senkrecht zu der Stapelrichtung (DZ) verläuft, eingeführt wird, wobei das Schneidwerkzeug (10) eine als "untere Sohle" (11) bezeichnete erste Sohle (11) umfasst, die dazu bestimmt ist, in Kontakt mit der Seite der unteren Lage (2) zu gleiten, die zu der Seite des Verbindungsraums (5) ausgerichtet ist, sowie eine als "obere" Sohle" (12) bezeichnete zweite Sohle (12), die dazu bestimmt ist, in Kontakt mit der Seite der oberen Lage (3) zu gleiten, die zu der Seite des Verbindungsraums (5) ausgerichtet ist, wobei die untere (11) und obere (12) Sohle in ihrer Gesamtheit hintereinander entlang der Einführungsrichtung (D10) bilden: zunächst i) eine Eindringspitze (13), entlang von welcher die Höhe (H13), die die untere Sohle (11) von der oberen Sohle (12) trennt, entlang der Stapelrichtung (DZ) betrachtet, progressiv zunimmt, so dass die Eindringspitze (13) im Zuge des Vordringens des Schneidwerkzeugs (10) in der Einführungsrichtung (D10) die obere Lage (3) und die untere Lage (2) entlang der Stapelrichtung (DZ) progressiv voneinander beabstanden kann, bis die untere (2) und obere (3) Lage in einer als "vollständig geöffnete Konfiguration" bezeichneten Konfiguration positioniert sind, die der von den Streben (4) zugelassenen maximalen Beabstandungsdistanz (H5_max) entspricht; dann ii) einen Stabilisierungssteg (14), dessen Höhe (H14) der von den Streben (4) zugelassenen maximalen Beabstandungsdistanz (H5_max) entspricht, um das dreidimensionale Gewebe (1) in der vollständig geöffneten Konfiguration zu halten,
    - einen Schritt (b) des Schneidens, während dessen mindestens eine der unteren (2) und oberen (3) Lagen, ohne Streben (4) zu schneiden, mittels einer Schneidklinge (15), die der entsprechenden Sohle (11, 12) zugeordnet ist, an der Stabilisierungsstrebe (14) geschnitten wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Eindringspitze (13) des Schneidwerkzeugs (10) in der Projektion in einer zu der Stapelrichtung (DZ) normalen Ebene eine erste Schräge (16) aufweist, die es dem Schneidwerkzeug (10) ermöglicht, sich einen Weg zwischen zwei benachbarten Streben (4) zu bahnen, und in der Projektion in einer die Einführungsrichtung (D10) und die Stapelrichtung (DZ) enthaltenden Ebene eine zweite Schräge (17), die es der Eindringspitze (13) ermöglicht, die untere (2) und obere (3) Lage voneinander zu beabstanden, bis die vollständig geöffnete Konfiguration erreicht ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dreidimensionale Gewebe (1) eine Vielzahl von endlosen Verstärkungsfäden (20) umfasst, die entlang der Kettrichtung (DX) ausgerichtet und gemäß einer vorbestimmten Wiederholschrittweite (P20) in der Schussrichtung (DY) nebeneinander parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Verstärkungsfaden (20) entlang der Kettrichtung (DX) eine zinnenförmige Wellung bildet, die eine Abfolge von Perioden umfasst, die jeweils ein als "oberes Segment" bezeichnetes erstes Segment (21) beinhalten, wo der Verstärkungsfaden (20) mit der oberen Lage (3) verflochten ist, dann ein eine als "absteigend" bezeichnete Strebe (4) bildendes zweites Segment (22), welches das obere Segment (21) und somit die obere Lage (3) mit der unteren Lage (2) verbindet, dann ein als "unteres Segment" bezeichnetes drittes Segment (23), wo der Verstärkungsfaden (20) mit der unteren Lage (2) verflochten ist, dann ein eine als "aufsteigend" bezeichnete Strebe (4) bildendes viertes Segment (24), welches das untere Segment (23) und somit die untere Lage (2) mit der oberen Lage (3) verbindet.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einführungsrichtung (D10) quer zu der Kettrichtung (DX) und noch bevorzugter senkrecht zu der Kettrichtung (DX) und somit parallel zu der Schussrichtung (DY) verläuft, dass die Eindringspitze (13) des Schneidwerkzeugs (10) in den als "Quergang" (25) bezeichneten Raum eingeführt wird, der zwischen einer Reihe aus absteigenden Streben (4, 22), die entlang der Schussrichtung (DY) verteilt sind und die der Vielzahl von Verstärkungsfäden (20) entsprechen, zum einen und der Reihe von unmittelbar folgenden aufsteigenden Streben (4, 24) zum anderen liegt, und dass die untere Sohle (11) keine Schneidklinge besitzt und so gestaltet ist, dass sie auf der Reihe aus unteren Segmenten (23), die direkt unter dem Quergang (25) in die untere Lage (2) integriert sind, gleitet, ohne die unteren Segmente (23) zu schneiden, während die obere Sohle (12) mit einer Schneidklinge (15) versehen ist, die die obere Lage (2) in dem Raum schneidet, der zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden Reihen von oberen Segmenten (21) liegt, und infolgedessen, ohne die Verstärkungsfäden (20) zu schneiden.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite (W12) der oberen Sohle (12), senkrecht zu der Einführungsrichtung (D10) betrachtet, größer als die Breite (W11) der unteren Sohle (11) ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einführungsrichtung (D10) parallel zu der Kettrichtung (DX) ist, dass die Eindringspitze (13) des Schneidwerkzeugs (10) in den als "Längsgang" (27) bezeichneten Raum eingeführt wird, der zwischen zwei unmittelbar benachbarten parallelen Verstärkungsfäden (20) liegt, und dass die untere Sohle (11) und die obere Sohle (12) jeweils mit einer Schneidklinge (15) versehen sind, um die untere Lage (2) und die obere Lage (3) gleichzeitig entlang der Kettrichtung (DX) zwischen den beiden Verstärkungsfäden (20) zu schneiden.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass gleichzeitig zwei Schneidwerkzeuge (10) in zwei verschiedene parallele Längsgänge (27) eingeführt werden, so dass der Vorgang des gleichzeitigen Schneidens der unteren (2) und oberen (3) Lagen in jedem der beiden Längsgänge (27) es ermöglicht, das dreidimensionale Gewebe (1) in einen mittleren Streifen (28), der zwischen den beiden Längsgängen (27) liegt, und zwei seitliche Streifen (29, 30) zu zerteilen.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Sohle (11) und die obere Sohle (12) jeweils eine Skiform aufweisen, die mit einer gebogenen Schaufel (31) versehen ist, und an ihren jeweiligen Schaufeln (31) spiegelbildlich aneinandergefügt sind, um die Eindringspitze (13) zu bilden.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schneidbewegung erzeugt wird, indem das dreidimensionale Gewebe (1) entlang der Einführungsrichtung (D10) relativ zu dem Schneidwerkzeug (10), das ortsfest gehalten wird, verlagert wird.
EP22817212.8A 2021-11-15 2022-11-10 Verfahren zum schneiden eines dreidimensionalen gewebes mit zwei durch streben miteinander verbundenen stoffbahnen Active EP4433639B1 (de)

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FR2112028A FR3129158B1 (fr) 2021-11-15 2021-11-15 Procédé de découpe d’un tissu tridimensionnel comprenant deux nappes de tissu reliées l’une a l’autre par des haubans
PCT/EP2022/081530 WO2023083987A1 (fr) 2021-11-15 2022-11-10 Procédé de découpe d'un tissu tridimensionnel comprenant deux nappes de tissu reliées l'une a l'autre par des haubans

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FR3002547B1 (fr) * 2013-02-22 2015-07-17 Aircelle Sa Procede de tissage d’un tissu double creneau dans le sens chaine et preforme utilisant un tel tissu.
CN111246993B (zh) * 2017-10-18 2021-12-24 米其林集团总公司 用于轮胎的包括三维纺织物或编织物以及固定元件的组件
WO2019122154A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Aran Biomedical Teoranta A self adhering surgical fabric and method of manufacturing same
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