EP4405581A1 - Dispositif et procédé de récupération active des vapeurs de carburant d'un réservoir d'un véhicule à combustion interne - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé de récupération active des vapeurs de carburant d'un réservoir d'un véhicule à combustion interneInfo
- Publication number
- EP4405581A1 EP4405581A1 EP22793125.0A EP22793125A EP4405581A1 EP 4405581 A1 EP4405581 A1 EP 4405581A1 EP 22793125 A EP22793125 A EP 22793125A EP 4405581 A1 EP4405581 A1 EP 4405581A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- purge pump
- purge
- closing
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
- B60K15/03504—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
- B60K15/03519—Valve arrangements in the vent line
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/003—Adding fuel vapours, e.g. drawn from engine fuel reservoir
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
- B60K15/03504—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems
- B60K2015/03514—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems with vapor recovery means
Definitions
- TITLE Device and method for the active recovery of fuel vapors from a tank of an internal combustion vehicle
- the invention relates, in general, to internal combustion and/or hybrid vehicle engines.
- the invention relates to devices for recovering fuel vapours, generally gasoline, in order to prevent their emission into the atmosphere.
- a fuel vapor recovery device equipped with an activated carbon trap placed between the fuel tank and its venting to atmospheric pressure.
- This trap stores the fuel vapours, and needs to be purged to avoid saturation of the carbons, this purge being done by suction through the trap with the addition of filtered air to the engine air intake.
- the present invention therefore aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a device for recovering gasoline vapors and a process for recovering these gasoline vapors.
- the object of the invention is therefore a method for recovering gasoline vapors from a fuel tank of an internal combustion vehicle and for conveying the gasoline vapors to an inlet line of air from the combustion engine of the vehicle via a purge pump having a plurality of possible flow rates and a solenoid valve controlling the opening and/or closing of a recirculation circuit for the air laden with vapors of gasoline from downstream of the purge pump to upstream of the purge pump, the opening and closing of the recirculation circuit corresponding respectively to the closing and opening of a main circuit leading from the solenoid valve to the engine air intake line, the process alternating the following steps:
- the invention thus proposes a device for active purging of fuel vapors making it possible to recover fuel vapors efficiently with short purge periods while consuming little energy.
- the invention also relates to a device for recovering gasoline vapors from a fuel tank of an internal combustion vehicle and for conveying the gasoline vapors to an intake line.
- air from the combustion engine of the vehicle successively comprising an activated carbon trap, a purge pump and a solenoid valve controlling the opening and/or closing of a circuit for recirculating the air laden with gasoline vapors from the downstream of the purge pump to upstream of the purge pump, the opening and closing of the recirculation circuit corresponding respectively to the closing and opening of the main circuit leading from the solenoid valve to the line air intake, the purge pump having a plurality of possible flow rates, the device being able to implement the method according to the invention.
- the device comprises a computer for controlling the engine and/or the solenoid valve and/or the purge pump.
- This computer implements the method according to the invention.
- the purge pump is a low inertia closed impeller centrifugal pump.
- the solenoid valve has a relatively low resistance to air pressure drop.
- the device comprises pipes optimized for air pressure drops.
- the invention also has as object and an internal combustion vehicle equipped with a device according to the invention.
- the purge pump is at zero flow only when the vehicle is at a complete stop, the ignition not having been switched on.
- FIG 1 illustrates a fuel vapor recovery device according to the state of the art
- FIG 2 illustrates a fuel vapor recovery device according to the invention
- FIG 3 illustrates a process for recovering fuel vapors according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 a fuel supply system 1 comprising a fuel vapor recovery device 2 according to the state of the art.
- the fuel supply system 1 is mounted on a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine 3.
- This engine can be an engine of a land, sea or aeronautical motor vehicle.
- the fuel is stored in a fuel tank 4.
- the engine 3 includes an inlet fed by an intake line 5, itself connected to a first air filter 6.
- the fuel supply system 1 comprises a fuel supply circuit 7 and the fuel vapor recovery device 2, the supply circuit and the recovery device connecting the fuel tank 4 and the intake line 5.
- the fuel can be a liquid fuel, usually gasoline, or in other cases ethanol or a mixture of the two, depending on the engine 3 used.
- gasoline is transferred from tank 4 to intake line 5 of engine 3 via fuel supply circuit 7.
- the fuel emits fuel vapors within the tank 4. These vapors are recovered and enter the recovery device 2, being mixed with filtered air coming from a second air filter 8.
- the fuel vapor recovery device 2 successively comprises an activated carbon trap 9, a purge pump 10 and a solenoid valve 11.
- the activated carbon trap 9 is also called “canister” according to its name in English or gasoline vapor trap.
- the fuel vapors from the tank 4 are sucked in, mixed with filtered air and stored in the activated carbon trap 9.
- the trap 9 thus prevents the tank from being under overpressure on the one hand, and the fuel vapors escape into the atmosphere on the other hand.
- the fuel vapors stored in the activated carbon trap 9 must be purged therefrom to avoid saturation of the carbons. This purge is done by suction through the trap 9 with the addition of filtered air from the second air filter 8.
- the purge pump 10 is an active pump which directs the flow of air laden with fuel vapors to the intake line 5 of the engine 3 Alternatively, it is possible in the state of the art to do without the pump and use the vacuum from the air intake of engine 3.
- a solenoid valve 11 controls the opening of the circuit 12 positioned between the solenoid valve 11 and the intake line 5, and thus connecting the pump 10 to the intake line 5 of the engine 3.
- This solenoid valve 11 is thus capable of opening or close access to the intake line 5 of the engine 3 for the air laden with fuel vapors sucked in by the pump 10.
- the purge pump 10, the solenoid valve 11 and the inlet 3a of the motor 3 are controlled by a computer 13.
- the computer 13 thus makes it possible to manage the purge phases and the controlled combustion of the volatile compounds, gasoline or ethanol, in the combustion chamber of the engine 3.
- the computer 13 receives the degree of saturation of the trap 9 from one or more sensors observing the trap 9, determines when it is time to purge the trap, and sets performs the purge by activating the pump 10 and by opening via the solenoid valve 11 the access 12 to the intake line 5 and to the engine 3.
- FIG. 2 describes a fuel supply system 1 for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion or hybrid engine, comprising a fuel vapor recovery device 2 according to the invention.
- the same elements are here designated by the same reference signs in the two figures 1 and 2.
- the engine 3 the tank 4, the first air filter 6 and the second air filter 8, the activated carbon trap 9, the purge pump 10, the solenoid valve 11, the computer 13, as well as the conduits such as the intake line 5, the circuit 12 and the fuel supply circuit 7.
- the fuel vapor recovery device 2 comprises a recirculation duct 14 for the air laden with fuel vapors from downstream to upstream of the pump 10. This recirculation duct 14 is controlled by the solenoid valve 11.
- the solenoid valve 11 makes it possible to open and close the recirculation conduit 14, in addition to making it possible to open and close the circuit leading from the pump 10 to the intake line 5.
- the solenoid valve 11 is used to perform the two functions of opening and closing the conduits 12 and 14 respectively, which improves the compactness of the device 2.
- the closing of the recirculation conduit 14 by the solenoid valve 11 and the opening of the circuit connecting the pump 10 and the intake line 5 are simultaneous.
- the opening of the recirculation conduit 14 by the solenoid valve 11 and the closing of the circuit connecting the pump 10 and the intake line 5 are simultaneous.
- the purge pump 10 is a low inertia closed impeller centrifugal pump.
- the solenoid valve 11 preferably has less resistance to the aeraulic pressure drop when it is open, so as to pass as much air as possible.
- the solenoid valve 1 can have an optimized valve, adapted passage sections, etc.
- the pipes of the device 2 are likewise optimized to reduce the aeraulic pressure drops, for example with larger diameters and shorter circuits, and the connections are chosen so as to disturb the flow of gas as little as possible. All these components are thus of low power, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the device 2.
- the pump 10 due to its low power rating, requires several seconds after it has started to reach its maximum flow rate, which contradicts the duration of the purge phases which can only last a few seconds.
- the pump 10 is designed with several possible flow rates, in particular at least a relatively low but non-zero first flow rate, corresponding to a speed of the order of ten thousand revolutions per minute, and a relatively high second flow rate, corresponding to a speed between thirty thousand and fifty thousand revolutions per minute.
- the pump 10 is started at its relatively low flow rate as soon as the vehicle ignition is switched on, and operates continuously at at least this minimum flow rate.
- the pump 10 is therefore never completely stopped, including during the phases without purging, its relatively low flow rate allowing the pump to flow efficiently by reaching its nominal speed immediately upon opening by the solenoid valve 11 of the circuit leading to the intake line 5.
- the latency times due to the low power of the pump 10 therefore do not impact the quality of the purge or the energy savings.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the steps of a process for recovering the fuel vapors from the tank 4 and for conveying these fuel vapors to the intake line 5 of the engine 3, via the recovery device fuel vapors 2.
- the pump 10 When the ignition is switched on the vehicle, the pump 10 is switched on by the computer 13 and brought to its relatively low speed, of the order of ten thousand revolutions per minute. This low speed corresponds to a low flow rate, which is not sufficient to purge trap 9.
- the pump 10 remains at this low speed, and the solenoid valve maintains the circuit driving the pump 10 to the intake line 5 of the closed engine 3, and opens the recirculation duct 14.
- the air present is trapped by the solenoid valve 11 can thus circulate in the recirculation duct 14 connecting the solenoid valve to the inlet of the pump 10. In this way, the flow circulates without pressure rise in this short loop, limiting its friction and its rise in temperature.
- This step 14 is maintained as long as a need to purge the fuel vapors from the trap 9 is not identified during the operation of the engine 3. Indeed, during this step 14, the trap 9 recovers and stores the fuel vapors tank 4 and is gradually loaded until saturation.
- a saturation of the trap 9 is detected by the computer 13, or at least the saturation of the trap 9 exceeds a predetermined threshold to trigger the purge of the trap 9.
- the computer 13 detects a need to purge the trap 9, it commands the solenoid valve 11 to open the circuit 12 leading from the downstream of the pump 10 to the engine intake line 3, thus closing the recirculation conduit 14.
- the computer 13 also opens the inlet 3 a of the engine 3.
- the computer 13 commands the purge pump to increase its speed corresponding to the relatively low flow rate up to the speed of thirty to fifty thousand revolutions per minute corresponding to the relatively high flow rate.
- the fact of having a pump 10 constantly running at low speed avoids emitting a strong pressure wave towards the engine by restarting it regularly. This also makes it possible to gain in efficiency in order to achieve a high flow rate allowing effective purging more quickly, by making the pump 10 gain in reactivity.
- the flow corresponding to the relatively high speed of the pump 10 is applied in the device 2 between the trap 9 and the air intake line 5 of the motor 3.
- the flow in the recirculation conduit 14 is zero.
- the trap 9 is thus purged of its fuel vapors by suction with the addition of filtered air coming from the second air filter 8, and the air laden with fuel vapors is routed through the device 2 to the intake line 5 via circuit 12 then to input 3a of motor 3.
- the computer 13 When the computer 13 decides not to purge any more, either because the trap 9 is empty, or because a sufficient quantity of fuel vapors has already been purged, the computer 13 commands the solenoid valve 11 to close the conduit 12 leading to the intake line 5 and to open the recirculation duct 14. The air flow in the device 2 is then redirected into the recirculation duct 14 without undergoing any increase in pressure or temperature, thus returning at step 14.
- the pump 10 can therefore reduce its speed slowly over its inertia to the relatively low speed of ten thousand revolutions per minute corresponding to the relatively low flow rate.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109986A FR3127258B1 (fr) | 2021-09-22 | 2021-09-22 | Dispositif et procédé de récupération active des vapeurs de carburant d’un réservoir d’un véhicule à combustion interne |
| PCT/EP2022/075987 WO2023046639A1 (fr) | 2021-09-22 | 2022-09-19 | Dispositif et procédé de récupération active des vapeurs de carburant d'un réservoir d'un véhicule à combustion interne |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4405581A1 true EP4405581A1 (fr) | 2024-07-31 |
Family
ID=78820313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22793125.0A Pending EP4405581A1 (fr) | 2021-09-22 | 2022-09-19 | Dispositif et procédé de récupération active des vapeurs de carburant d'un réservoir d'un véhicule à combustion interne |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4405581A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3127258B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023046639A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6599284B2 (ja) * | 2016-05-30 | 2019-10-30 | 愛三工業株式会社 | 蒸発燃料処理装置 |
| JP2019002314A (ja) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-10 | 愛三工業株式会社 | 蒸発燃料処理装置 |
| JP7142554B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-09-27 | 愛三工業株式会社 | 蒸発燃料処理装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-22 FR FR2109986A patent/FR3127258B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-19 WO PCT/EP2022/075987 patent/WO2023046639A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-19 EP EP22793125.0A patent/EP4405581A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3127258B1 (fr) | 2026-02-06 |
| WO2023046639A1 (fr) | 2023-03-30 |
| FR3127258A1 (fr) | 2023-03-24 |
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