EP4394073A1 - Non-oriented silicon steel for new energy drive motor, and production method therefor - Google Patents
Non-oriented silicon steel for new energy drive motor, and production method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- EP4394073A1 EP4394073A1 EP22884900.6A EP22884900A EP4394073A1 EP 4394073 A1 EP4394073 A1 EP 4394073A1 EP 22884900 A EP22884900 A EP 22884900A EP 4394073 A1 EP4394073 A1 EP 4394073A1
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- silicon steel
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
Definitions
- the driving motor of new energy vehicle has high rotational speed, and with the development of technology, the rotational speed of the driving motor of new energy vehicles is still increasing, requiring that the non-oriented silicon steel used should have high strength in addition to good magnetic performances.
- the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm, a yield strength of ⁇ 460 Mpa, a tensile strength of ⁇ 550 Mpa, an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.5 W/kg, and a magnetic induction strength B 5000 of ⁇ 1.67T.
- the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 17.5 W/kg; a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.0 W/kg; or a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.5 W/kg.
- the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is 50 ⁇ m-80 ⁇ m.
- the production method includes, sequentially, steel smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, acid washing, single stand cold rolling, annealing, cooling, coating, and finishing, to produce the non-oriented silicon steel.
- a continuously casted billet obtained after the continuous casting procedure is heated to 1080°C-1110°C for 160 min-180 min, followed by rough rolling, finish rolling, and cooling sequentially, to obtain a hot-rolled coiled plate.
- the rolling start temperature is 950 ⁇ 20°C
- the rolling end temperature is 840 ⁇ 20°C
- the total rolling reduction rate is 94-95%.
- the coiling temperature is 620 ⁇ 20°C.
- the total rolling reduction rate is 85 ⁇ 3%, and the rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%.
- the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm.
- the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm-40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm.
- the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 35 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.00 mm.
- the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 37.5 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.15 mm.
- the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 40mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.30 mm.
- the steel plate after the acid washing procedure is directly rolled without preheating.
- the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm, a yield strength of ⁇ 460 Mpa, a tensile strength of ⁇ 550 Mpa, an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.5 W/kg, and a magnetic induction strength B 5000 of ⁇ 1.67T.
- the non-oriented silicon steel is specifically a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.5 W/kg; a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 18.0 W/kg; or a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm and an iron loss P 1.0/400 of ⁇ 17.5W/kg.
- molten iron is refined into molten steel in the steel smelting process, and the molten steel obtained in the steel smelting process is made into a continuously casted billet by a continuous casting machine in the continuous casting procedure.
- the chemical composition of molten steel obtained in the steel smelting procedure and the chemical composition of the continuously casted billet obtained in the continuous casting procedure are consistent with the chemical composition of the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained by the production method.
- partial recrystallization that is, the recrystallization is not completely completed or complete recrystallization does not occur
- the area proportion of non-recrystallized structure and the recrystallized grain size in the obtained steel plate are accurately controlled.
- the area proportion of the non-recrystallized structure is about 5%-20%
- the recrystallized grain size is ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
- the pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the prior art are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the low-cost single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating.
- the fining of the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is realized, to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel having excellent magnetic performances and high strength; and the problem of crack and fracture in cold rolling is avoided and the pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the existing production process are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating, and the low difficulty, low cost, stability and continuity of the production are ensured.
- the energy consumption during production can be greatly reduced.
- the normalizing temperature is low and the holding time is short, which can also reduce the thickness of the iron oxide scale on the surface of the steel plate before the acid washing process, thus improving the acid washing efficiency and improving the surface quality and yield of the final non-oriented silicon steel.
- the steel plate after the acid washing procedure is directly rolled without preheating.
- the steel plate is generally preheated before cold rolling.
- rolling can be performed directly without preheating, thereby saving the production cost.
- the cold rolling energy storage in the single stand cold rolling procedure of non-oriented silicon steel having various thickness is basically the same, and the subsequent annealing process can be performed at the same annealing temperature for the same holding time, so as to achieve the effect of continuous production of non-oriented silicon steel with various thicknesses on the same production line without frequent operation changes.
- the rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%.
- 5-pass rolling is carried out, in which the rolling reduction rate of the 1st-4th passes is ⁇ 30%, and the rolling reduction rate of the 5th pass is optionally less than 30%.
- the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm.
- the continuously casted billet after the continuous casting procedure has a thickness of 220 mm.
- the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm-40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm. It can be understood that in the single stand cold rolling procedure, the hot rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm is further rolled into a finished non-oriented silicon steel product with a target thickness.
- the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm.
- the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 37.5mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.15 mm.
- the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.30 mm.
- the normalizing is carried out under pure and dry N 2 atmosphere, and the production speed is constant. That is to say, the roll speed is constant when normalizing is performed on the head middle, and tail of the steel plate.
- the annealing is carried out under a mixed atmosphere of H 2 +N 2 , and the production speed is constant. That is to say, the roll speed is constant when annealing is performed on the head middle, and tail of the steel plate.
- an embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects.
- Examples 1 to 6 respectively provide a non-oriented silicon steel, having a chemical composition as shown in Table 1, in percentages by weight. Moreover, the non-oriented silicon steel of each example is a steel plate with a thickness as shown in Table 1. [Table 1] Chemical composition in percentages by weight (%) Thickness (mm) C S Si Mn P Sn Nb V Ti Cr Ni Cu Al N Example 1 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.35 Example 2 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.30 Example 3 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.25 Example 4 0.0018 0.0014 3.11 0.59 0.011 0.036 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.78 0.0031 0.35 Example 5
- Non-oriented silicon steel of Examples 1-6 are sampled and tested.
- the tests include the following: (1) Metallographic test: The measured recrystallized grain sizes are shown in Table 2. (2) Mechanical performance test: The measured yield strength and tensile strength are shown in Table 2 respectively. (3) Magnetic performance test: the measured iron loss P 1.0/400 and magnetic induction intensity B 5000 are shown in Table 2 respectively.
- the thickness of the intermediate billet obtained by rough rolling, the rolling start temperature and rolling end temperature during the finish rolling process, the total rolling reduction rate, the thickness of the hot-rolled plate and the coiling temperature during coiling are shown in Table 3.
- Example 1 1095 165 40 955 848 94.25 2.30 625
- Example 2 1105 166 37.5 950 836 94.26 2.15 620
- Example 3 1089 164 35 953 828 94.29 2.00 618
- the hot-rolled plate obtained in step 2 is normal
- Constant-speed production is employed during the normalizing process.
- the normalizing temperature, and holding time are shown in Table 4.
- metallographic test is performed on the steel plate of each example.
- the area proportion of non-recrystallized structure and the recrystallized grain size measured are shown in Table 4.
- the area proportion of non-recrystallized structure is the proportion of the area of non-recrystallized structure to the total area of the sampled section of the steel plate.
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Abstract
The present application discloses a non-oriented silicon steel for a driving motor of a new energy vehicle and a production method thereof. The silicon steel is produced sequentially by steel smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, acid washing, single stand cold rolling without pre-heating, annealing, cooling, coating, and finishing. During steel smelting, no Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, and Ti are added. The silicon steel comprises the following chemical ingredients: Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, C≤0.0025%, with the balance being iron, wherein Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200.In the present application, the strength is improved while the magnetic performance is ensured, to solve the problem in the prior art that the magnetic performance and strength cannot be pursued at the same time, thus meeting the requirements for use in driving motors of new energy vehicles.
Description
- The present application relates to the technical field of steel material preparation technologies, and particularly to a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles and a production method thereof.
- Non-oriented silicon steel is an iron core material for motors and generator rotors working in rotating magnetic fields, which requires good magnetic performances, including low iron loss and high magnetic induction intensity. The improvement of magnetic performances is always a core research subject of non-oriented silicon steel by skilled technicians in the art. Generally, in terms of the chemical composition, the addition of a series of alloying elements such as Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti and others is strictly restricted, to avoid the deterioration of the magnetic performances of non-oriented silicon steel due to the high content of these alloying elements.
- With the rapid development of new energy vehicles in recent years, higher performance requirements are put forward for non-oriented silicon steel for use in driving motors. Particularly, compared with other conventional motors, the driving motor of new energy vehicle has high rotational speed, and with the development of technology, the rotational speed of the driving motor of new energy vehicles is still increasing, requiring that the non-oriented silicon steel used should have high strength in addition to good magnetic performances.
- However, in the prior art, the improvement of the strength of steel generally requires increased contents of a series of alloying elements such as Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti and others added in the chemical composition, to achieve the purpose of improving the strength of steel. Combined with the above, it can be seen that the increase of these alloying elements will deteriorate the magnetic performances of non-oriented silicon steel.
- It can be seen that the design directions of chemical composition are contradictory in aspects of the magnetic performance and strength of non-oriented silicon steel. Therefore, how to ensure the magnetic performances and strength of non-oriented silicon steel at the same time is an important problem for non-oriented silicon steel for use in the driving motor of new energy vehicles.
- An object of the present application is to provide a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles and a production method thereof. In the present application, the strength is improved while the magnetic performance is ensured, to solve the problem in the prior art that the magnetic performance and strength cannot be pursued at the same time.
- To achieve the above object of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles, which has a chemical composition including, in percentages by weight, Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, Cu≤0.03%, Cr≤0.03%, Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%, C≤0.0025%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, and C+S+N≤0.007%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200.
- Further, the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is 50 µm-80 µm.
- Further, the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm, a yield strength of ≥ 460 Mpa, a tensile strength of ≥ 550 Mpa, an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg, and a magnetic induction strength B5000 of ≥ 1.67T.
- Further, the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 17.5 W/kg; a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.0 W/kg; or a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg.
- To achieve the above object of the present application, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles. The non-oriented silicon steel has a chemical composition including, in percentages by weight, Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, Cu<0.03%, Cr≤0.03%,Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%,C≤0.0025%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, and C+S+N≤0.007%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200.
- The recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is 50 µm-80 µm.
- The production method includes, sequentially, steel smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, acid washing, single stand cold rolling, annealing, cooling, coating, and finishing, to produce the non-oriented silicon steel.
- In the hot rolling procedure, a continuously casted billet obtained after the continuous casting procedure is heated to 1080°C-1110°C for 160 min-180 min, followed by rough rolling, finish rolling, and cooling sequentially, to obtain a hot-rolled coiled plate. During the finish rolling, the rolling start temperature is 950±20°C, the rolling end temperature is 840±20°C, and the total rolling reduction rate is 94-95%. During the coiling, the coiling temperature is 620±20°C.
- In the normalizing procedure, the normalizing temperature is 840°C-860°C for 180s-200s.
- In the annealing procedure, the annealing temperature is 960°C-980°C for 40 s - 45 s.
- Preferably, in the single stand cold rolling procedure, multi-pass rolling is carried out, the total rolling reduction rate is 85±3%, and the rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%.
- Preferably, the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm. In the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm-40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm.
- Preferably, the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 35 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.00 mm. Alternatively, the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 37.5 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.15 mm. Alternatively, the obtained non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 40mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.30 mm.
- Preferably, in the single stand cold rolling procedure, the steel plate after the acid washing procedure is directly rolled without preheating.
- Compared with related art, the present application has the following beneficial effects.
- (1) In terms of the chemical composition, no alloying materials of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti are added, which, in combination with the content design of elements of Si, Al, Mn, Sn, improves the magnetic performances of the non-oriented silicon steel and ensures that the non-oriented silicon steel has lower iron loss and higher magnetic induction intensity. Meanwhile, on the basis of the chemical composition, by controlling the grain size between 50 µm and 80 µm, the fine grain strengthening of the steel plate is realized, to ensure that the non-oriented silicon steel has high strength. In this way, the comprehensive optimization of the magnetic performances and strength of the non-oriented silicon steel can be realized with low cost and low production difficulty, so that the non-oriented silicon steel can meet the requirements for use in driving motors of new energy vehicles.
- (2) Further, on the basis of the chemical composition design, by controlling a series of processes including the hot rolling procedure, the normalizing procedure, the single stand cold rolling procedure, and the annealing procedure, the fining of the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is realized, to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel having excellent magnetic performances and high strength; the problem of crack and fracture in cold rolling is avoided and the pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the existing production process are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating, and the low difficulty, low cost, stability and continuity of the production are ensured. Moreover, by the lower temperature control of the heating temperature, the rolling start temperature and the normalizing temperature, the energy consumption during production can be greatly reduced. In addition, the normalizing temperature is low and the holding time is short, which can also reduce the thickness of the iron oxide scale on the surface of the steel plate before the acid washing process, thus improving the acid washing efficiency and improving the surface quality and yield of the final non-oriented silicon steel.
- Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the present application will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a non-oriented silicon steel. The non-oriented silicon steel has a chemical composition including, in percentages by weight, Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, Cu≤0.03%, Cr≤0.03%,Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%,C≤0.0025%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, and C+S+N≤0.007%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200.
- The functions and effects of each element in the chemical composition are described as follows.
- C, S, N, Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti, and P: The elevated contents of these elements will deteriorate the magnetic performances of the non-oriented silicon steel, including increased iron loss, and decreased magnetic induction intensity. In the present application, the upper limit of the content of these elements is appropriately reduced provided that the difficulty and cost of steel smelting are not increased, where C≤0.0025%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, C+S+N≤0.007%, Cu≤0.03%, Cr≤0.03%,Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%,and P≤0.015%.
- Si and Al: Si is a solid solution strengthening element, and the elevated content will increase the strength of the steel plate, and also increase the resistivity and reduce the iron loss of the steel plate. In the present application, the Si content (in percentages by weight) is controlled to 2.95%-3.15%. The elevated content of Al will increase the resistivity and reduce the iron loss of the steel plate, but it will also reduce the magnetic induction intensity. In the present application, the Al content (in percentages by weight) is controlled to 0.75% - 0.95%. Moreover, Al and N tend to form a coarse AlN precipitate, which reduces the iron loss of the steel plate. In the present application, the Al content (in percentages by weight) and the N content (in percentages by weight) further meet Al/N≥200.As a result, the adverse effect of N element on the magnetic performances of the steel plate can be fully converted into a beneficial effect, and the difficulty of controlling N element in steel smelting is reduced. In addition, the elevated contents of Si and Al will also lead to the difficulty in cold rolling. To avoid the increase of the production cost caused by the increase of the production difficulty, the Si content (in percentages by weight) and the Al content (in percentages by weight) further meet Si+2Al:4.6%-4.9%.
- Mn: The addition of an appropriate amount of Mn is beneficial to the improvement of the magnetic performances of the steel plate. Moreover, Mn can inhibit the hot brittleness caused by S, and tends to form a coarse MnS precipitate with S, thus reducing the iron loss of the steel plate. In the present application, the Mn content (in percentages by weight) and the S content (in percentages by weight) further meet Mn/ S≥380. As a result, the adverse effect of S element on the magnetic performances of the steel plate can be fully converted into a beneficial effect, and the difficulty and cost of controlling S element in steel smelting are reduced.
- Sn: Sn is a grain boundary segregating element, which can improve the magnetic performances. The Sn content (in percentages by weight) in the present application is 0.03%-0.04%.
- As mentioned above, in terms of the chemical composition in this embodiment, while low alloying cost, low production difficulty, and low production cost are ensured, no alloying elements of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti are added, which, in combination with the content design of the elements of Si, Al, Mn, Sn, improves the magnetic performances of the non-oriented silicon steel and ensures that the non-oriented silicon steel has lower iron loss and higher magnetic induction intensity.
- Moreover, in this embodiment, the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is 50 µm-80 µm. In this way, while the non-oriented silicon steel is ensured to have low iron loss and high magnetic induction intensity by the above chemical composition, by controlling the grain size between 50 µm and 80 µm, the fine grain strengthening of the steel plate is realized, to ensure that the non-oriented silicon steel has high strength. Therefore, the comprehensive optimization of the magnetic performances and strength of the non-oriented silicon steel can be realized with low cost and low production difficulty, so that the non-oriented silicon steel can meet the requirements for use in driving motors of new energy vehicles.
- Particularly, the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm, a yield strength of ≥ 460 Mpa, a tensile strength of ≥ 550 Mpa, an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg, and a magnetic induction strength B5000 of ≥ 1.67T.
- Further, the non-oriented silicon steel is specifically a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg; a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.0 W/kg; or a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 17.5W/kg.
- Further, an embodiment of the present application further provides a preferred method for producing the non-oriented silicon steel. The production method includes, sequentially, steel smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, acid washing, single stand cold rolling, annealing, cooling, coating, and finishing to produce the non-oriented silicon steel. That is, the non-oriented silicon steel can be produced by the preferred production method. The production method of this embodiment not only can successfully produce the non-oriented silicon steel with excellent magnetic performances and high strength, but also has the advantages of low production difficulty, low production cost and the like, thus ensuring the stable production of non-oriented silicon steel.
- Particularly, molten iron is refined into molten steel in the steel smelting process, and the molten steel obtained in the steel smelting process is made into a continuously casted billet by a continuous casting machine in the continuous casting procedure. It can be understood that the chemical composition of molten steel obtained in the steel smelting procedure and the chemical composition of the continuously casted billet obtained in the continuous casting procedure are consistent with the chemical composition of the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained by the production method. That is, in percentages by weight, including Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, Cu<0.03%, Cr≤0.03%,Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%,C≤0.0025%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, and C+S+N≤0.007%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, where Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200.
- In this embodiment, in the hot rolling procedure, a continuously casted billet obtained after the continuous casting procedure is heated to 1080°C-1110°C for 160 min-180 min, followed by rough rolling, finish rolling, and cooling sequentially, to obtain a hot-rolled coiled plate. During the finish rolling, the rolling start temperature is 950±20°C, the rolling end temperature is 840±20°C, and the total rolling reduction is 94-95%. During the coiling, the coiling temperature is 620±20°C. In the normalizing procedure, the normalizing temperature is 840°C-860°C for 180s-200s. In the annealing procedure, the annealing temperature is 960°C-980°C for 40 s - 45 s.
- Accordingly, in the production method of this embodiment by controlling the lower heating temperature in the hot rolling procedure, the solid solution of coarse precipitates such as MnS and AlN in the continuously casted billet is avoided, so as to ensure the control of precipitates in the subsequent rough rolling and finish rolling processes, thus laying a foundation for the magnetic performances of the finally obtained non-oriented silicon steel. By controlling the rolling start temperature and rolling end temperature during the finish rolling process, the total rolling reduction rate and the coiling temperature during the coiling procedure, in combination with the design of Si+2Al:4.6%-4.9% in the chemical composition, the structure of the hot-rolled coiled plate is stable and the stored energy is consistent, This ensures the recrystallization temperature of the hot-rolled coiled plate to remain stable in the subsequent normalizing procedure, so as to create conditions for accurate control of the recrystallization degree in the subsequent normalizing procedure. On the basis of the hot rolling procedure, through the design of the normalizing temperature and the holding time in the normalizing process, partial recrystallization (that is, the recrystallization is not completely completed or complete recrystallization does not occur) occurs in the normalizing process, so that the area proportion of non-recrystallized structure and the recrystallized grain size in the obtained steel plate are accurately controlled. Specifically, the area proportion of the non-recrystallized structure is about 5%-20%, and the recrystallized grain size is ≤ 50 µm. This can create conditions for controlling the recrystallized grain size in the annealing procedure and avoid crack propagation in the subsequent cold rolling due to the presence of a large number of grain boundaries between the non-recrystallized structures and the recrystallized grains, so as to reduce the rolling difficulty of the cold rolling procedure and ensure the stable production of the cold rolling procedure. The pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the prior art are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the low-cost single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating. Moreover, on the basis of the normalizing procedure, complete recrystallization occurs in the annealing procedure through the design of the annealing temperature and the holding time, while the recrystallized grains do not grow obviously, thus ensuring that the recrystallized grains in the final non-oriented silicon steel product are small in size.
- Therefore, in the production method of this embodiment, on the basis of the chemical composition design, by controlling a series of processes including the hot rolling procedure, the normalizing procedure, the single stand cold rolling procedure, and the annealing procedure, the fining of the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is realized, to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel having excellent magnetic performances and high strength; and the problem of crack and fracture in cold rolling is avoided and the pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the existing production process are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating, and the low difficulty, low cost, stability and continuity of the production are ensured. Moreover, by the lower temperature control of the heating temperature, the rolling start temperature and the normalizing temperature, the energy consumption during production can be greatly reduced. In addition, the normalizing temperature is low and the holding time is short, which can also reduce the thickness of the iron oxide scale on the surface of the steel plate before the acid washing process, thus improving the acid washing efficiency and improving the surface quality and yield of the final non-oriented silicon steel.
- Further preferably, based on the chemical composition required by the final molten steel, no alloying materials of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, and Ti are added in the steel smelting procedure. This reduces the cost of the alloying materials.
- Further preferably, in the single stand cold rolling procedure, the steel plate after the acid washing procedure is directly rolled without preheating. In the prior art, the steel plate is generally preheated before cold rolling. However, in this embodiment, on the basis of the normalizing procedure, rolling can be performed directly without preheating, thereby saving the production cost.
- In the single stand cold rolling procedure, multi-pass rolling is carried out, and the total rolling reduction rate is 85±3%. As a result, the cold rolling energy storage in the single stand cold rolling procedure of non-oriented silicon steel having various thickness is basically the same, and the subsequent annealing process can be performed at the same annealing temperature for the same holding time, so as to achieve the effect of continuous production of non-oriented silicon steel with various thicknesses on the same production line without frequent operation changes.
- Moreover, in the single stand cold rolling procedure, multi-pass rolling is carried out, the rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%. For example 5-pass rolling is carried out, in which the rolling reduction rate of the 1st-4th passes is ≥30%, and the rolling reduction rate of the 5th pass is optionally less than 30%. In this way, the cold-rolling breakage occurring in the single stand cold rolling procedure is effectively avoided, the rolling passes are reduced, and the final non-oriented silicon steel is ensured to have a good plate shape.
- As described above, the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the continuously casted billet after the continuous casting procedure has a thickness of 220 mm. In the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm-40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm. It can be understood that in the single stand cold rolling procedure, the hot rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm is further rolled into a finished non-oriented silicon steel product with a target thickness.
- For example, the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm. For example, the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 37.5mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.15 mm. For example, the non-oriented silicon steel finally obtained through the production method is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm. Then, in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.30 mm. Definitely, these are merely preferred embodiments, and specific implementation of the present application is not limited thereto.
- Preferably, in the normalizing procedure, the normalizing is carried out under pure and dry N2 atmosphere, and the production speed is constant. That is to say, the roll speed is constant when normalizing is performed on the head middle, and tail of the steel plate.
- Furthermore, in the annealing procedure, the annealing is carried out under a mixed atmosphere of H2+N2, and the production speed is constant. That is to say, the roll speed is constant when annealing is performed on the head middle, and tail of the steel plate.
- In addition, in the production method, the acid washing procedure, the cooling procedure, the coating procedure and the finish rolling procedure are implemented by feasible techniques disclosed in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
- In summary, compared with related art, an embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects.
- (1) In terms of the chemical composition, no alloying elements of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti are added, which, in combination with the content design of the elements of Si, Al, Mn, Sn, improves the magnetic performances of the non-oriented silicon steel and ensures that the non-oriented silicon steel has lower iron loss and higher magnetic induction intensity. Meanwhile, on the basis of the chemical composition, by controlling the grain size between 50 µm and 80 µm, the fine grain strengthening of the steel plate is realized, to ensure that the non-oriented silicon steel has high strength. In this way, the comprehensive optimization of the magnetic performances and strength of the non-oriented silicon steel can be realized with low cost and low production difficulty, so that the non-oriented silicon steel can meet the requirements for use in driving motors of new energy vehicles.
- (2) Further, on the basis of the chemical composition design, by controlling a series of processes including the hot rolling procedure, the normalizing procedure, the single stand cold rolling procedure, and the annealing procedure, the fining of the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is realized, to obtain a non-oriented silicon steel having excellent magnetic performances and high strength; the problem of crack and fracture in cold rolling is avoided and the pre-rolling heating and the secondary cold rolling in the existing production process are omitted, so that the final rolling can be implemented by the single stand cold rolling procedure without preheating, and the low difficulty, low cost, stability and continuity of the production are ensured. Moreover, by the lower temperature control of the heating temperature, the rolling start temperature and the normalizing temperature, the energy consumption during production can be greatly reduced. In addition, the normalizing temperature is low and the holding time is short, which can also reduce the thickness of the iron oxide scale on the surface of the steel plate before the acid washing process, thus improving the acid washing efficiency and improving the surface quality and yield of the final non-oriented silicon steel.
- The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific illustrations of feasible embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Equivalent embodiments or changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present application, which are all embraced in the protection scope of the present application.
- The technical solution of the present disclosure will be further described with reference to 6 examples of the present application below. Definitely, these embodiments are only some, rather than all of the variable embodiments included in the present application.
- Examples 1 to 6 respectively provide a non-oriented silicon steel, having a chemical composition as shown in Table 1, in percentages by weight. Moreover, the non-oriented silicon steel of each example is a steel plate with a thickness as shown in Table 1.
[Table 1] Chemical composition in percentages by weight (%) Thickness (mm) C S Si Mn P Sn Nb V Ti Cr Ni Cu Al N Example 1 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.35 Example 2 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.30 Example 3 0.0015 0.0011 3.05 0.65 0.012 0.034 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.88 0.0018 0.25 Example 4 0.0018 0.0014 3.11 0.59 0.011 0.036 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.78 0.0031 0.35 Example 5 0.0018 0.0014 3.11 0.59 0.011 0.036 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.78 0.0031 0.30 Example 6 0.0018 0.0014 3.11 0.59 0.011 0.036 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.78 0.0031 0.25 - Non-oriented silicon steel of Examples 1-6 are sampled and tested. The tests include the following: (1) Metallographic test: The measured recrystallized grain sizes are shown in Table 2. (2) Mechanical performance test: The measured yield strength and tensile strength are shown in Table 2 respectively. (3) Magnetic performance test: the measured iron loss P1.0/400 and magnetic induction intensity B5000 are shown in Table 2 respectively.
[Table 2] Recrystallized grain size (µm) Yield strength (MPa) Tensile strength (MPa) Iron loss P1.0/400 (W/kg) Magnetic induction intensity B5000 (T) Example 1 62 483 595 18.1 1.681 Example 2 65 485 584 16.8 1.677 Example 3 58 505 596 15.7 1.673 Example 4 65 478 579 17.9 1.683 Example 5 71 486 586 16.6 1.678 Example 6 68 482 582 15.6 1.673 - The production method of non-oriented silicon steel in Examples 1 to 6 are as follows:
(1) Molten iron is refined into molten steel with a chemical composition shown in Table 1, and no alloying materials of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, and Ti are added during steel smelting. Then the refined molten steel is formed into a continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm by a continuous casting process, where the chemical composition of the continuously casted billet is also shown in Table 1.
(2) The continuously casted billet in step 1 is heated in a heating furnace, where the heating temperature and holding time are shown in Table 3. Then, rough rolling, finish rolling, and cooling are performed sequentially, to obtain a hot-rolled coiled plate. The thickness of the intermediate billet obtained by rough rolling, the rolling start temperature and rolling end temperature during the finish rolling process, the total rolling reduction rate, the thickness of the hot-rolled plate and the coiling temperature during coiling are shown in Table 3.[Table 3] Heating temperature (°C) Holding time (min) Thickness of intermediate billet (mm) Finish rolling start temperature (°C) Rolling end temperature (°C) Total rolling reduction rate (%) Thickness of hot-rolled plate (mm) Coiling temperature (°C) Example 1 1095 165 40 955 848 94.25 2.30 625 Example 2 1105 166 37.5 950 836 94.26 2.15 620 Example 3 1089 164 35 953 828 94.29 2.00 618 Example 4 1094 173 40 945 845 94.25 2.30 632 Example 5 1105 176 37.5 948 839 94.26 2.15 628 Example 6 1100 175 35 939 830 94.29 2.00 615
(3) The hot-rolled plate obtained in step 2 is normalized under pure and dry N2 atmosphere. Constant-speed production is employed during the normalizing process. The normalizing temperature, and holding time are shown in Table 4.
After the normalizing, metallographic test is performed on the steel plate of each example. The area proportion of non-recrystallized structure and the recrystallized grain size measured are shown in Table 4. The area proportion of non-recrystallized structure is the proportion of the area of non-recrystallized structure to the total area of the sampled section of the steel plate.[Table 4] Normalizing temperature (°C) Normalizing time (s) Area proportion of non-recrystallized structure Recrystallized grain size (µm) Example 1 852 192 10 40 Example 2 848 192 10 42 Example 3 853 192 10 45 Example 4 856 192 15 45 Example 5 850 192 15 43 Example 6 852 192 15 40
(4) The steel plate obtained in step 3 is washed with an acid, and after the acid washing, single stand cold rolling is carried out directly without preheating. During the single stand cold rolling, 5 passes of rolling are carried out, and the total rolling reduction rate is 85±3%. The rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%. The thickness of the obtained steel plate is shown in Table 1, and the rolling reduction procedures of each pass are shown in Table 5.[Table 5] 1 2 3 4 5 Examples 1 and 4 Thickness at inlet (mm) 2.300 1.510 1.020 0.673 0.444 Thickness at outlet (mm) 1.510 1.020 0.673 0.444 0.350 Rolling reduction rate (%) 34.2 32.5 34.0 34.0 21.2 Examples 2 and 5 Thickness at inlet (mm) 2.150 1.410 0.900 0.576 0.380 Thickness at outlet (mm) 1.410 0.900 0.576 0.380 0.300 Rolling reduction rate (%) 34.4 36.2 36.0 34.0 21.1 Examples 3 and 6 Thickness at inlet (mm) 2.000 1.300 0.850 0.540 0.350 Thickness at outlet (mm) 1.300 0.850 0.540 0.350 0.250 Rolling reduction rate (%) 35.0 34.6 36.5 35.2 28.5
(5) The steel plate obtained in step 4 is annealed under a mixed atmosphere of H2+N2. Constant-speed production is employed during the annealing process. The annealing temperature, and holding time are shown in Table 6. After the annealing, the steel plate is subjected to cooling, coating, and finishing sequentially, the non-oriented silicon steel of each example is obtained.[Table 6] Annealing temperature (°C) Annealing holding time (s) Example 1 970 43 Example 2 972 43 Example 3 975 43 Example 4 968 43 Example 5 972 43 Example 6 965 43 - It can be seen from the above Examples 1-6 that the non-oriented silicon steel according to one of the embodiments of the present application not only has excellent magnetic performances, but also has high strength, low alloying cost, low production difficulty, and low production cost, and can meet the requirement for use in the driving motor of new energy vehicles.
Claims (12)
- A method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles, comprising: steel smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, acid washing, single stand cold rolling without pre-heating, annealing, cooling, coating, and finishing sequentially, to produce a non-oriented silicon steel with an arbitrary thickness in the range of 0.25 mm-0.35 mm, whereinin the continuous casting procedure, the continuously casted billet obtained has a chemical composition including, in percentages by weight, Si: 2.95%-3.15%, Al: 0.75%-0.95%, Si+2Al: 4.6%-4.9%, Mn: 0.5%-0.7%, Sn: 0.03%-0.04%, Cu≤0.03%, Cr≤0.03%,Ni≤0.03%, Cr+Ni+Cu≤0.07%, Nb≤0.004%, V≤0.004%, Ti≤0.004%, Nb+V+Ti≤0.008%,C≤0.0025%, P≤0.015%, S≤0.0015%, N≤0.004%, C+S+N≤0.007%, Mn/S≥380, and Al/N≥200, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet obtained after the continuous casting procedure is subjected to heating, rough rolling, finish rolling, and cooling sequentially, to obtain a hot-rolled coiled plate; during the finish rolling, the rolling start temperature is 950±20°C, the rolling end temperature is 840±20°C, and the total rolling reduction rate is 94-95%; during the coiling, the coiling temperature is 620±20°C; andin the normalizing procedure, the area proportion of the non-recrystallized structure is 5%-20%.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet obtained after the continuous casting procedure is heated to 1080°C-1110°C for 160 min-180 min.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein in the normalizing procedure, the normalizing temperature is 840°C-860°C for 180 s-200 s.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein in the annealing procedure, the annealing temperature is 960°C-980°C for 40 s - 45 s.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein in the single stand cold rolling procedure, multi-pass rolling is carried out, the total rolling reduction rate is 85±3%, and the rolling reduction rates of other passes except the last pass are not less than 30%.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein in the hot rolling procedure, the continuously casted billet with a thickness of 220 mm is rough rolled into an intermediate billet with a thickness of 35 mm-40 mm, and then finish rolled into a hot-rolled plate with a thickness of 2.00 mm-2.30 mm.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 6, wherein the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 35mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.00mm; or the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 37.5 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.15 mm; or the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm, the intermediate billet has a thickness of 40 mm, and the hot-rolled plate has a thickness of 2.30 mm.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 1, wherein no alloying materials of Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti are added in the steel smelting procedure.
- A non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles, produced by the production method of claim 1.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 9, wherein the recrystallized grain size of the non-oriented silicon steel is 50 µm-80 µm.
- The method for producing a non-oriented silicon steel for driving motors of new energy vehicles of claim 9, wherein the non-oriented silicon steel has a yield strength of ≥ 460 Mpa, a tensile strength of ≥ 550 Mpa, an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg, and a magnetic induction strength B5000 of ≥ 1.67T.
- The non-oriented silicon steel of claim 11, wherein the non-oriented silicon steel is a steel plate with a thickness of 0.25 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 17.5W/kg; a steel plate with a thickness of 0.30 mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.0W/kg; or a steel plate with a thickness of 0.35mm and an iron loss P1.0/400 of ≤ 18.5 W/kg.
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CN114369761B (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2022-11-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Thin non-oriented silicon steel and preparation method thereof |
CN114453430A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-10 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Control method for preventing high magnetic induction oriented silicon steel cold rolling strip breakage |
CN117626111A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-03-01 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Non-oriented electrical steel for electric vehicle driving motor and manufacturing method thereof |
CN115198198B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-23 | 张家港扬子江冷轧板有限公司 | Non-oriented silicon steel for high-speed motor and preparation method thereof |
CN115341083B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2024-07-23 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Non-oriented silicon steel for high-frequency motor and production method thereof |
CN115369225B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-03-08 | 张家港扬子江冷轧板有限公司 | Non-oriented silicon steel for new energy driving motor and production method and application thereof |
CN115198199A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-10-18 | 张家港扬子江冷轧板有限公司 | Production method of high-strength non-oriented silicon steel, high-strength non-oriented silicon steel and application |
CN117305717B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-03-05 | 张家港扬子江冷轧板有限公司 | Preparation method of non-oriented silicon steel |
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CN102676916B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-03-30 | 首钢总公司 | A kind of preparation method of high magnetic strength frequency-changeable compressor non orientating silicon steel |
CN103849810A (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Non-oriented silicon steel and manufacture method thereof |
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CN107587039B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | The driving motor for electric automobile non-orientation silicon steel and production method of excellent magnetic |
CN109252102B (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2020-07-14 | 东北大学 | Method for improving magnetic property of low-silicon non-oriented silicon steel |
CN111206192B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-11-23 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-magnetic-induction cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel strip for electric automobile driving motor and manufacturing method thereof |
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