EP4387456A1 - Verwendung eines extrakts eines pflanzenteils zur stimulierung der abwehr von pflanzen gegen viren sowie zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren - Google Patents

Verwendung eines extrakts eines pflanzenteils zur stimulierung der abwehr von pflanzen gegen viren sowie zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren

Info

Publication number
EP4387456A1
EP4387456A1 EP22808971.0A EP22808971A EP4387456A1 EP 4387456 A1 EP4387456 A1 EP 4387456A1 EP 22808971 A EP22808971 A EP 22808971A EP 4387456 A1 EP4387456 A1 EP 4387456A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plants
virus
extract
viruses
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22808971.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christelle MARTINEZ-BARBREAU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elicir
Original Assignee
Elicir
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR2110751A external-priority patent/FR3127863A1/fr
Application filed by Elicir filed Critical Elicir
Publication of EP4387456A1 publication Critical patent/EP4387456A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
    • A01N47/46—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides containing —N=C=S groups
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a use of an extract of particular plants to stimulate the defenses of plants or trees against viruses, and to a composition and associated methods.
  • the present invention thus aims to reduce the effects of a virus attack.
  • plants there are pre-existing defensive means before attack by a potential pathogen or pest.
  • plants have morphological barriers.
  • it can be thick cuticles covered with hydrophobic substances (wax, cutin, suberin, etc.) preventing pathogens from entering or developing.
  • hydrophobic substances wax, cutin, suberin, etc.
  • We can observe the presence of thorns on the surfaces of the leaves and stems having a repellent power against animals (in particular herbivorous mammals), or the closure of the stomata in the leaves and the lenticels of the stems to prevent the penetration of fungal spores, bacteria, etc.
  • Plants also produce biologically active secondary metabolites and inert precursors to protect against pests. These "secondary metabolites" are not necessary for essential biological activity, such as growth and reproduction, but help the plant to adapt to its environment, which transform into active molecules during attack by a pest, an agent pathogen or after injury.
  • the plant In response to attack by a pathogen, the plant also deploys induced metabolic changes in the plant which very often cause either late and discreet defense or active and rapidly induced resistance.
  • Late defense is often linked to receptors present in the plant membrane or cell, capable of recognizing molecular signals associated with microbes or pathogens.
  • fragments of cell walls, chitin or peptide motifs from the flagellum of bacteria (exogenous elicitor), proteins (endogenous elicitor) are among the motifs, which, once perceived by the plant, can initiate a basic immune response.
  • PAMP-Triggered Immunity or “PTI”) in order to limit the invasion and delay the advance of the pathogen.
  • R genes have been isolated from various plant species (e.g. tomato, flax, rice, tobacco, Arabidospsis, sugar beet). Despite the significant diversity of the parasites to which they confer resistance (fungi, bacteria, viruses or even nematodes), their comparison reveals a strong homology of sequences as well as the conservation of structural motifs:
  • LRR domains correspond to the repetition of a motif of variable size comprising leucines. They would be involved in the mechanisms of protein-protein and protein-polysaccharide interactions
  • NBS Nucleotide Binding Site
  • NB domain associated with the LRR domain (NBS-LRR)
  • This domain composed in particular of various conserved kinase-type motifs, corresponds to a site for binding and hydrolysis of the nucleotide triphosphates ATP and GTP. It presents analogies with animal proteins potentially involved in the phenomena of apoptotic cell death, in particular APAF-1 identified in humans and CED-4 identified in Caenorhabditis elegans. All of these areas are grouped under the terminology NB-ARC (Van der Biezen and Jones, 1998).
  • TIR Toll Interleukin Receptor
  • CC Choll Interleukin Receptor
  • LZ Leucine-Zipper
  • Serine/Threonine kinase domain is present alone (for example product of the Pto gene) or, associated with an LRR domain (for example, product of the Xa21 gene). It would be involved in phosphorylation reactions during signaling cascades.
  • G proteins G proteins, ion fluxes, in particular of Ca2 + , H + , K + and Cl', activated forms of oxygen (or ROS for "Reactive Oxygen Species") and a whole cascade of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of proteins such as MAPKs ("Mitogen-ActivatedProtein-Kinase").
  • this signal surge results phenotypically in the rapid death of cells infected by the pathogenic agent and the formation of localized necrotic lesions around the site of parasite penetration.
  • This genetically determined reaction is called a hypersensitivity reaction (or “HR”) or apoptosis (programmed cell death).
  • the defense responses are intense and particularly localized at the level of the ring of cells surrounding the HR zone. These responses include the synthesis of a broad spectrum of anti-microbial compounds such as "PR" proteins (Pathogenesis Related Protein), certain secondary metabolites with antibiotic properties, for example phytoalexins, as well as the accumulation of molecules involved in signaling pathways, including ROS and various hormones including salicylic acid.
  • PR Local Growth Factor
  • SAR Strethelial growth factor
  • SAR keeps the plant in a dormant state that enables it to resist not only the original aggressor, but also a wide range of other pests that may intervene later.
  • a phytovirus, or plant virus is a virus attacking plant organisms. These viruses have the particularity of penetrating the plant cell of their host in order to divert the mechanisms of the cell to their advantage and allow them to reproduce.
  • viruses infecting plants those whose genome consists of one or more single-stranded RNA molecules of messenger ("positive") polarity are the most important both in number (85 to 90% of known viruses) than by their economic impact. Although showing various morphologies, these viruses possess a very simple structure, the non-enveloped particles being made up of a single or a few (2 or 3) types of capsid protein (CP) subunits.
  • CP capsid protein
  • RNA viruses For example, plants use RNA interference, or RNAi, to defend themselves against many viruses.
  • RNA viruses pass through a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stage which is recognized by the plant as a warning signal and allows the initiation of its defense system which can lead to the elimination of the virus.
  • dsRNA double-stranded RNA
  • an effective antiviral RNAi response relies primarily on the activity of the DICER-LIKE4 ("DCL4") protein to produce the bulk of antiviral "interfering" RNAs from dsRNA ( siRNA).
  • DCL4 DICER-LIKE4
  • siRNA dsRNA
  • AGONAUTE protein ARGONAUTE protein
  • viral populations have a very high evolutionary potential. This rapid evolution leads to the appearance of viral variants capable of circumventing and adapting very quickly to the genetic resistance of plants.
  • Viruses can only survive in a living plant. They are destroyed as soon as the plant dies. They also require external agents to spread from one plant to another.
  • the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.
  • the present invention relates to an elicitor composition according to claim 1.
  • the action of this composition bypasses viral resistance. Bypassing a resistance results temporally in the emergence and spread of a virulent variant at the level of the cell, then of the plant, and finally at the level of the entire plot.
  • the virulence of a pathogen refers to the qualitative component of pathogenicity, i.e. the ability or not to infect a genotype carrying a given resistance. Evolutionary forces will be strongly involved in the appearance of virulent variants, which do not naturally preexist in an agroecosystem.
  • the genetic variations will therefore be linked to the variations/mutations of the AVR genes:
  • the first stage corresponds to the appearance at the cellular level of a virulent variant capable of infecting a plant possessing a resistance gene in the case of an interaction of type gene for gene. This means that it accumulates the necessary mutations in its avirulence factor to become virulent.
  • composition which is the subject of the invention, preferably in its form extracted from a rocket plant, and particularly from Eruca Sativa and from Diplotaxis tenuifolia, acts very early after its spraying, demonstrating that this composition mimics the relationship gene for gene. For example, thirty minutes after being sprayed, the preferential composition triggers a series of metabolic events which show that the defense mechanisms triggered resemble those described in a gene for gene relationship:
  • ROS reactive oxygen species
  • composition object of the invention is therefore capable of acting independently of the structure of the products of Resistance and Avirulence genes, making it possible to overcome any mutation of the virus.
  • composition which is the subject of the invention acts effectively against viruses , by acting in very early times by simulating a gene for gene interaction, which allows the plant to overcome all the weaknesses of a plant vis-à-vis a virus (too rapid appearance of variants, replication of the viruses, etc).
  • compositions that is the subject of the invention has the capacity to trigger all the defense mechanisms appearing “after” a “gene for gene” recognition phenomenon, both for viruses and for other pathogens, in particular bacteria and fungi.
  • the effectiveness of the present invention reduces the effects of viruses on plants, plants, or trees, so as to allow the plant, in particular a tree, to continue to grow correctly despite this attack, by overcoming the consequences of this attack, it that is, allowing the plant or tree to grow despite the virus, reducing or eliminating the impact of the virus.
  • the plant extract can also, in certain uses, allow the plant to eradicate certain viruses. This use can be curative or preventive.
  • the reduction of the effects of the viruses on the plants or trees attacked by these viruses comprises, in certain cases, the total or partial reduction of the symptoms.
  • plants and trees have, when their defense system is functional (in particular thanks to the stimulation obtained by the implementation of the invention), the capacity to defeat a virus.
  • the use of the composition that is the subject of the present invention aims to stimulate what plants already know how to do, but which they do not do in cases of “sensitivity”, because they do not recognize their aggressor. The decline of the pathology thus appears in certain examples of the description.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants: Arugula, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, broccoli, plants of the Allium genera (garlic, onion, shallot , leeks and chives), common cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, kale, mustard, wasabi, watercress, horseradish, white cabbage, field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including bok choy cabbage, Chinese cabbage and turnip, kohlrabi, collard greens, red cabbage, Chinese broccoli, broccoli rave, rapeseed, radish, Siberian wallflower, wallflower, Indian watercress, garlic grass, pilu tree, papaya tree, including its fruit.
  • Arugula including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, broccoli, plants of the Allium genera (garlic, onion, shallot , leeks and chives), common cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts,
  • An eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention may comprise a total raw extract obtained by grinding and extracting the plant, in a fraction enriched in active compound(s) of such a total extract, or in one or more compounds ( s) active(s) in mixture.
  • Such a composition advantageously makes it possible, in an effective amount in a composition, to combat the symptoms of the attack of a plant or of a tree mentioned above by a virus mentioned above.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants: Arugula, including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, broccoli, common cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts , kale, mustard, watercress, white cabbage, field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including bok choy, Chinese cabbage and turnip, kohlrabi, collard greens, red cabbage, Chinese broccoli, broccoli rabe, radish , and Siberian wallflower.
  • Arugula including Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, broccoli, common cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts , kale, mustard, watercress, white cabbage, field cabbage (Brassica rapa), including bok choy, Chinese cabbage and turnip, kohlrabi, collard greens, red cabbage, Chinese broccoli, broccoli rabe, radish , and Siberian wallflower.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one of the following plants:
  • the extract is obtained from at least one of the plants of the species Brassica oleracea.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant not containing Methyl-isothiocyanate and/or Propenyl isothiocyanate.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant containing at least one butyl-isothiocyanate.
  • the inventor found that these isothiocyanates have favorable effects on plant growth while reducing the effects of viruses.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant containing 1,3-thiazepane-2-thione.
  • This compound which, due to its structure, is not an isothiocyanate has favorable effects on plant growth while reducing the effects of viruses.
  • extracts have at least one active substance which reduces the effects of viruses, the presence of their vector of diffusion and/or their colonization by insects.
  • the extract of at least one plant part is an extract obtained from a ground material of said plants, and: - said extract of at least one plant part comprises at least leaves of said plants, preferably essentially leaves and flowers, and
  • the method for obtaining said liquid extract comprises the following steps: a) a step of grinding said plants; b) filtration of the ground material obtained; and c) recovering the liquid extract obtained after filtration.
  • the term “essentially comprises” is intended here to denote by comprising at least 75%, preferably at least 95%, of leaves and flowers of said plants by weight, for example dry, relative to the total weight of the plant, before mixing with the solvent aqueous.
  • the extract is obtained by a method comprising, in addition, a step of nebulizing the liquid extract and passing the nebulized liquid extract through a stream of hot air.
  • the present invention relates to a process for reducing the effects of viruses on plants, including trees, comprising a step of applying the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention.
  • the method is applied to reducing the effects of an attack by one of the following viruses:
  • BBTV Banana Bunchy Top Virus
  • JNO or BYDV Barley yellow dwarf virus
  • SCMV Sugarcane mosaic virus
  • MNN Maize lethal necrosis disease viruses
  • TSWV Tomato spotted wilt virus
  • Tomato mosaic virus Tomato mosaic virus, ToMV
  • the method is applied to reducing the effects of an attack of at least one of the beet yellows viruses.
  • the method is applied to reducing the effects of attack by at least one of the cucumber mosaic viruses.
  • the application of the eliciting composition is a foliar application to the plants.
  • the invention relates to a use of the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention to reduce, on plants, including trees, the effects of an attack by one of the viruses listed above.
  • the application to the plant or tree is by foliar spraying, ground irrigation, drip, use in hydroponics, seed treatment and/or seed coating.
  • the application to the plant or the tree is done with a dilution in water of the composition between 2 g/L and 2000 g/L expressed in grams of plants on which the extraction per liter of product applied.
  • the application to the plant or the tree is done with a dilution in water of the composition between 5 g/L and 200 g/L expressed in grams of plants on which the extraction per liter of product applied.
  • said extract of at least one part of plants is a liquid extract of said plants.
  • application to the plant or tree is by foliar spray, soil drench, soil irrigation, drip, hydroponic cultivation, seed treatment and/or seed coating.
  • At least one active principle is obtained from leaves of said plants.
  • At least one active principle is obtained from flowers of said plants.
  • At least one active principle is obtained by grinding at least a part of said plants.
  • At least one active principle is obtained by aqueous extraction.
  • At least one active principle is obtained, by oil extraction, by solvent extraction, or by extraction of cakes or pastes.
  • the composition is formulated as a powder, soluble powder, wettable powder, granules, dispersible granules, or wettable or slow-release granules, to be diluted in water at the time of use.
  • the composition is formulated as a liquid, liquid soluble concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, or ready to use.
  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of a composition which is the subject of the invention, which comprises a step of grinding at least a part of said plants, to provide a ground material, and a filtering step to extracting solid parts from said ground material and obtaining a liquid.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the physical simulation of gene for gene interaction, a composition capable of being extracted by aqueous extraction from a plant given in the claimed lists, in particular from an arugula plant, and particularly of the Eruca Sativa or Diplotaxis type or of plants genetically modified to produce this composition.
  • the process and the composition that is the subject of the invention perform an action on the plant within hours, or even in less than one hour, after the gene-for-gene interaction with the virus or its variant, thus avoiding the problem of mutations , and providing a response immediately strengthening the resistance of treated plants against viruses, bacteria, fungi and other pathogens.
  • composition which is the subject of the invention acts effectively against viruses, by acting in very early times by simulating a gene for gene interaction, which allows the plant to overcome all the weaknesses of a plant vis-à-vis a virus (too rapid appearance of variants, replication of the virus, etc.) and, more generally, of a pathogen.
  • FIG. 1 represents, in the form of a flowchart, steps of an embodiment of a process for producing and using a ground material, which is a preferred example of production of the composition which is the subject of the invention
  • Figure 2 represents dates of evaluations of beet treatments
  • Figure 3 represents numbers of Myzus persicae insects
  • Figure 4 shows incidences of the pest Myzus persicae
  • Figure 5 represents numbers of Aphis fabae insects
  • Figure 6 represents incidences of the pest Aphis fabae
  • Figure 7 shows assessments of areas infected with jaundice
  • Figure 8 shows a photograph of the untreated modality (control).
  • Figure 9 represents a photograph of the modality treated with the product PP1,
  • Figure 10 represents a photograph of the modality treated with the product PP1.
  • FIG. 11 represents a descriptive table of the processing methods of the first demonstration.
  • the eliciting composition stimulating the defenses of plants or trees reducing the effects of an attack of a virus comprises an extract of at least a part of at least one of the following plants: Rockets, including genera Eruca sativa, Diplotaxis, Erucastrum and Bunias, Cakile, plants of the genera Allium, mustard (Sinapis alba, Brassica nigra, Sinapis arvensis, Brassica juncea), wasabi (Eutrema japonicum), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), watercress (Nasturtium officinale), plants of Brassica species rapa, Brassica ruvo, Brassica napus, Raphanus sativus, Barbarea verna, Erysimum allionii, Erysimum cheiri, Tropaeolum majus L, Alliaria petiolata, Salvadora persica, Carica papaya and Brassica oleracea.
  • Rockets including genera Eruca
  • viruses on which the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention have been successfully tested are described below:
  • Beets are the first reservoir of jaundice viruses. It is therefore important to remove all crop residues (digging lines, trailing beets) because leaf regrowth can become sources of infection. It is also important to manage weeds well, in the plots and at the edges of the fields, because a certain number of species are hosts to vector aphids and sometimes also to jaundice viruses.
  • imidacloprid will no longer be approved from 31/7/2022, but some countries have kept it or granted exemptions, when ANSES in France withdrew all marketing authorizations for agricultural purposes.
  • Two other NNIs were withdrawn at the end of 2019 (thiamethoxam, clothianidin). Only thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were used in our territory as a coating for beet seeds.
  • the fully biosourced elicitor composition that is the subject of the invention is capable of significantly reducing, or even eliminating, the effects caused by serious plant viral diseases and up to then incurable. Toxicity testing of this composition has shown that it is non-toxic. A trial has been set up with the company Ephydia (registered trademark, BPE approved company for good environmental practices) against the beet yellows virus, the results of which are presented below.
  • Ephydia registered trademark, BPE approved company for good environmental practices
  • Beta vulgaris is a species of plants in the family of
  • Amaranthaceae It is cultivated around the world for sugar production, and in an ancillary way to make ethanol or baker's yeast from molasses made from white sugar manufacturing residues.
  • Planting rate 100,000 plants / ha
  • Planting method seedlings
  • Active substance Flonicamid 500 g/kg Function: Insecticide
  • Pre-harvest time 60 days
  • Myzus persicae green peach aphid
  • Aphis fabae black bean aphid
  • each set of four vertical bars represents, from left to right, the untreated control, the treatment with the composition that is the subject of the invention, the combination of this composition and the Teppeki and the Teppeki alone.
  • Figure 3 Number of Myzus persicae insects.
  • Figure 4 Incidence of the pest - Myzus persicae.
  • the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae is the main vector of beet yellows. It has very good capacities for transmitting moderate jaundice viruses (BChV and BMYV) as well as severe jaundice (BYV).
  • BChV and BMYV moderate jaundice viruses
  • BYV severe jaundice
  • results illustrated in FIG. 3 show that the PP1 treatment makes it possible to statistically reduce the number of aphids vectors of jaundice (except for the notation 31 DA-A, associated letter “a”) in comparison with the untreated modality. All treated modalities are statistically identical up to 14 DA-A and 41 DA-A notation (associated letters "b") and different from 21 DA-A to 35 DA-A of the modality treated with Teppeki in large overdose .
  • results illustrated in FIG. 4 show that the PP1 treatment allows a reduction in the incidence compared to the control except for the notations 10 DA-A, 21 DA-A and 31 DA-A.
  • results show that PP1 has an effect on the presence of the beet yellows vector - Myzus persicae. Aphid presence values are directly correlated with the appearance of jaundice symptoms. Therefore, the results obtained show that PP1 allows the reduction of symptoms.
  • the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae, is a secondary vector of BYV (severe jaundice), but does not transmit BChV or BMYV (moderate jaundice virus). Jaundice is never transmitted to the offspring of infected aphids.
  • Figure 7 represents an evaluation of the area infected by jaundice according to the treatments.
  • the risk period begins as soon as the first aphids appear in the plots at the earliest at the end of April at the beginning of May, i.e. from the two-leaf stage until the ground cover at the end of June.
  • the latency period is generally two to four weeks but would be shorter for severe jaundice (one to two weeks) than for moderate jaundice (four to six weeks).
  • PP1 could prove to be much more effective than the Teppeki reference product under normal application conditions. PP1 thus makes it possible to reduce the presence of vector aphids but also to limit the appearance of symptoms.
  • Figure 8 Photograph of the untreated modality - plot 401
  • Figure 9 Photograph of the modality treated with the product PP1 - plot 101
  • Figure 10 Photograph of the modality treated with the product PP1 - plot 403 Conclusions of the first demonstration.
  • PP1 would prove to be a solution to the problem of jaundice and a replacement solution for neonicotinoids.
  • the PP1 product is able to significantly reduce the incidence of beet yellows virus.
  • This test is carried out in an area known for its contamination by the cucumber mosaic virus.
  • a trial is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of PP1 against cucumber mosaic.
  • Treatments six treatments were carried out at a rate of 14 days.
  • Chlorotic spots (more or less marked mosaic) appear on the young leaves; these can warp, wrinkle, or even dry out in severe cases. In the plots, circular disease foci are observed, which gradually spread. An early attack causes complete dieback of young plants. Affected plants have reduced growth and an altered habit.
  • a plant infected with this virus remains a carrier of the virus until it dies.
  • the incidence represents the percentage of contaminated leaves or fruits.
  • the severity represents the percentage of surface covered by the symptoms of the disease.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention significantly reduces both the incidence and the severity of the effects of the viruses and significantly increases the quantity of beets harvested.
  • An extract of broccoli leaves is produced according to the protocol illustrated in FIG. 1, in liquid form, without concentration. This test is carried out in an area known for its contamination by the cucumber mosaic virus (presence of the vector). No biocontrol solution is known to date to eradicate the disease. In this context, a trial is carried out to evaluate the efficacy of PP2 against the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV).
  • Chlorotic (mosaic) spots appear on young leaves, which may become distorted, puckered, or even dry out in severe cases.
  • An early attack causes complete dieback of young plants.
  • Affected plants have reduced growth and an altered habit.
  • a plant infected with this virus remains a carrier of the virus until it dies.
  • Treatments six treatments were carried out at a rate of 14 days.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality. Analyzes were performed according to Newman and Keuls. The different letters express significantly different results at the 5% level. The results show the efficacy of PP2 against cucumber mosaic virus. Indeed, the notations on leaves and on fruits show that the treated plants have significantly fewer symptoms than the control plants.
  • This test is carried out in an area known for its contamination by the cucumber mosaic virus (presence of the vector).
  • Cucumber variety TYRIA, organic plants, not tolerant to mosaic virus.
  • Treatments six treatments were carried out at a rate of 14 days.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • Table 11 Incidence and severity on cucumbers (Fruits) - July 20, 2020 The severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Arugula extract (“PP1”) on the tomato spotted wilt virus (“Tomato spotted wilt virus”, TSWV).
  • Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is widely distributed throughout the world in temperate and subtropical zones where it has been on the rise since the early 1980s. Emerging in France since 1987, it has a wide range of potential hosts. It is transmitted by at least nine species of thrips.
  • Tomato spotted wilt virus can take on various appearances on tomato foliage, such as leaf deformities with apical curvature of the apex, vegetation blockage, more or less contrasting mosaic, chlorotic spots and lesions becoming necrotic, more or less marked chlorosis and bronze coloration of the leaf blade or veins, accompanied by rings, small dark lesions becoming necrotic also visible on petioles and stem , anthocyaninization of the lamina.
  • Fruits are also affected. They can be "tanned” and present large arabesques and more or less concentric chlorotic rings. Dry necrotic alterations, cracks are sometimes visible. Early contamination leads to a reduction in the number and size of fruits; if they are late, the fruits grow normally but are badly colored and more or less deformed.
  • a test is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the eliciting composition which is the subject of the invention against the tomato TSWV virus.
  • the extracts of rocket leaves are obtained according to the protocol illustrated in FIG. 1 in their non-concentrated liquid form (extracts called “PP1”).
  • the experiment takes place in a 250m 2 rigid greenhouse equipped with openings and side vents.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) is present on all continents. It is frequently found on tomato and pepper. It is serious both in open field cultivation and under cover. While its incidence has decreased significantly with the spread of resistant tomato varieties, the recent marketing of new susceptible varieties has shown how much ToMV is always ready to attack susceptible plant material.
  • the symptoms caused by the presence of this virus are very varied and are quite comparable. A slowdown in plant growth can be observed, as well as coloring anomalies that can appear on the leaflets and leaves. Other symptoms can also be expressed on the leaves, such as thinning of the veins, mottling, a mosaic of green or yellow patches with the leaf blade wrinkling and contracting.
  • the extracts of rocket leaves are obtained according to the protocol illustrated in FIG. 1 in their non-concentrated liquid form (extracts called “PP1” below).
  • the experiment takes place in a greenhouse, above-ground cultivation.
  • Analysis method Analysis of variance with a risk threshold of 5%. Ratings with the same letters are not significantly different.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • ZYMV Zika virus
  • ZYMV is a non-persistent potyvirus transmitted by aphids. It is one of the best examples of viruses emerging in plants. Isolated for the first time in Italy and then in France in the 1970s, it spread throughout the world in a few years, sometimes causing epidemics of exceptional gravity. This recent and rapid dissemination in various types of cultivation (intensive, extensive, under shelter, open field) and very varied ecosystems (temperate, tropical, Sahelian, island) is attested by the fact that ZYMV causes very strong symptoms. ZYMV is now reported on cucurbits in virtually all of their production areas worldwide. However, its frequency can vary greatly depending on the region. Regularly encountered in tropical or subtropical regions, its epidemics are more irregular in temperate countries such as France.
  • ZYMV Zika virus
  • the experiment takes place in open fields.
  • Treatments Foliar spray - Six applications of PP1, at a rate of 14 days. Analysis method: Analysis of variance with a risk threshold of 5%. Ratings with the same letters are not significantly different.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • the severity and incidence were measured on 20 fruits sampled at random, for each modality.
  • Rose mosaic is a viral disease that affects roses (Rosa sp.). It is caused by several viruses of the llarvirus and Nepovirus genera which occur separately or more often in combination, which has led some authors to speak of the “rose mosaic viral complex”. In some cultivars, these viruses can cause flower variegation. Other infected cultivars may remain symptomless.
  • the disease is not lethal to roses, but infection has the effect of reducing plant vigor and weakening them, making them more vulnerable to transplant stress or winter injury.
  • This disease causes various symptoms on the leaves: ringspots, chlorotic lines, watermarks, mottling of the leaves, as well as yellow mosaic patterns.
  • Clues of the disease are: bright yellow zigzag patterns on the leaves, arranged symmetrically to the midrib; yellow to cream stains may be diffuse and marbling; localized browning may be reminiscent of leaf desiccation.
  • the radish extracts are obtained according to the protocol illustrated in FIG. 1 in their non-concentrated liquid form (extracts called “PP4” below).
  • the experiment takes place in a heated greenhouse.
  • Analysis method Analysis of variance with a risk threshold of 5%. Ratings with the same letters are not significantly different.
  • Severity and incidence were measured on 20 randomly sampled leaves for each modality.
  • CEI composition that is the subject of the present invention
  • the composition is extracted from leaves, stems, flowers, seeds and/or roots , according to a mode preferential extraction, with or without added water, according to the method described with reference to Figure 1.
  • the composition is preferably diluted in the spray tanks (tanks) to be sprayed at the foliar level (or other application methods described in the description of the uses)
  • the CEI composition obtained under these extraction conditions, has no direct antimicrobial activity.
  • the leaves, stems, seeds, roots and/or flowers are subject to an extraction of compounds, by a known technique, for example by pressing, by ultrasound, and/or by the use of solvents, in particular oily or aqueous.
  • plant parts are ground up and heavily diluted in water.
  • plant parts are ground without adding water.
  • the filtered ground material is then formulated in the form of a powder, by nebulization in an ascending stream of hot dry air, preferably at a temperature below 60°C.
  • the extract in liquid form is sterilized by passage at high temperature for a very short time, according to known techniques.
  • the eliciting composition that is the subject of the invention is in particular used, by application, to stimulate the defenses of plants or trees and reduce the effects of viruses, in particular the beet yellows virus and the cucumber mosaic virus.
  • CEI acts by stimulating the defenses of the plants, and by allowing the treated plants to defend themselves against these viruses.
  • CEI can be defined as an elicitor, given that the molecules possessing the property of inducing within the plant a cascade of defense reactions against pathogenic agents are called elicitors.
  • the demonstration of the eliciting activity of defense mechanisms is also demonstrated at several levels:
  • CEI has the particularity of stimulating the defenses of plants, and allowing them to react effectively, even in the case of invasive viruses, which are difficult to fight.
  • the method for manufacturing and using the composition that is the subject of the present invention comprises a step 105 of extracting an extract from said plants.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant not containing Methyl-isothiocyanate and/or Propenyl isothiocyanate.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant containing at least one butyl-isothiocyanate.
  • the inventor has observed that these isothiocyanates have favorable effects on plant growth while reducing the effects of viruses.
  • the extract is obtained from at least one plant containing 1,3-thiazepane-2-thione. The inventor has observed that this compound which, due to its structure, is not an isothiocyanate has favorable effects on the growth of the plant while reducing the effects of viruses.
  • this extraction is performed according to the following procedure:
  • the leaves, roots, stems, seeds and/or flowers of said plants are finely ground with running water, for fifteen minutes, in a suitable mixer device, in order to obtain a homogeneous ground material;
  • the ground material is filtered to separate the debris from the organs used and to obtain a green liquid without residue (the filtrate), which is the basis of the composition that is the subject of the invention or constitutes it.
  • At least one of the active principles of the ground material is obtained by oil extraction.
  • at least one of the active principles of the ground material is obtained by solvent extraction by mechanical extraction or by microwaves, or by extraction of cakes or pastes.
  • at least one of the active principles is obtained by mechanical extraction or microwave extraction.
  • the extraction step 105 includes a step of compressing the leaves, roots, stems, seeds or flowers of said plants and collecting the extracted liquid, by simple gravity or by centrifugation.
  • a simple centrifugation is implemented during the extraction step 105, to extract the liquid from the parts of said plants used.
  • the inventor has discovered that the use of this composition has a significant effect on the trees and plants mentioned above infected by the viruses mentioned above.
  • the inventor has also discovered that the eliciting composition that is the subject of the invention has biostimulating effects on the growth of the treated plants without constituting, at the doses used, a fertilizer or nourishing the treated plants.
  • the liquid composition obtained at the end of step 105 can be formulated to make it easier to use.
  • it can be used in the form of powder, soluble powder, wettable powder, granules, dispersible granules, or wettable or slow-release granules, to be diluted in water at the time of use, liquid, liquid soluble concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension concentrate, or ready to use, depending on the formulation chosen and the intended use or infused on a substrate dispersed in the soil of the culture.
  • the formulations are made from the product of the extraction step 105 according to techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • Active moieties can potentially be purified, by any means, to facilitate formulation. Different extraction steps can be added to improve its quality.
  • the composition that is the subject of the invention can be diluted in water, depending on the dose required, at the time of its use.
  • volatile extracts are removed from the extract obtained. For example, this extract is transformed into a powder, for example by nebulization and passage of the nebulized extract in a flow of hot air, preferably ascending.
  • the biostimulant is applied in any form whatsoever (liquid formulation, powder, soluble powder, granules, dispersible granules, slow-dispersing granules, and all formulations) according to the uses and the formulation envisaged.
  • the use of the biostimulant object of the invention is preferably carried out by foliar application or foliar spraying.
  • Other modes of use of the biostimulant that is the subject of the invention are soil watering, soil irrigation, drip, hydroponic crops, or else in seed treatment and/or seed coating.
  • the leaves and flowers of said plants represent at least 75%, preferably at least 95%, of the parts of said plants on which the extraction is carried out, percentage by dry weight, relative to the total weight of these plants.
  • composition that is the subject of the invention can be used for a single application or at a rate of between one day and one hundred and twenty days, or continuously, or according to the key stages of plant development, or in accordance with good agricultural and the scheduled treatment schedule for each plant species.
  • the composition of the present invention can be mixed with other products (phytosanitary products, crop supports and fertilizing materials, fertilizers, fertilizers, biocides, or any other product intended for agriculture).
  • Application doses and application rates are adapted to plant uses and models.
  • the application doses are included, for example, between 0.001 g/L and 2000 g/L of extracted plants, preferably between 2 g/L and 2000 g/L of extracted plants and, more preferably, between 5 g/ L and 200 g/L of plants extracted, expressed in grams of plants on which the extraction was carried out per liter of product applied.
  • the doses per liter or per hectare can be adapted to the types of plants infected, the level of infection and the level of symptoms caused by the virus.
  • the doses and the rates of treatment with the composition that is the subject of the invention will also be adapted to the strategy of preventive or curative action against these viruses.
  • the plants from which the extracts used in the present invention are taken they are preferably freshly picked.
  • the plants or the parts of interest are suitably dried, in a manner known to those skilled in the art.
  • the crushing can be carried out with two crushers which are used with different blade speeds.
  • the first ground product obtained in 10 min of grinding is then poured into the second grinder having a faster blade speed.
  • the ground material is homogeneous, with no visible residue of parts of leaves, stems or flowers.
  • the amount of water added during the grinding is between 0 and 200 mL of water, preferably between 20 and 150 mL of water, and, even more preferably, between 50 and 120 mL of water, at room temperature per 100 g of leaves, stem, root, flower or seed.
  • the inventor has observed that the filtrate obtained can be kept for at least six days in a container at room temperature, without losing its activity in stimulating the defenses of plants and trees.
  • the extract of at least part of said plants can thus be a liquid extract obtained from a ground material of said plants, and:
  • said extract of at least one plant part comprises at least leaves of said plants, preferably essentially leaves, and
  • the method for obtaining said liquid extract comprises the following steps: a) a step of grinding said plants in an aqueous medium; b) filtration of the ground material obtained; and c) recovering the liquid extract obtained after filtration.
  • a drying temperature is used, and, in embodiments, coatings of the particles with other natural molecules (preferably very hydrophilic ) which allow a very good dissolution in water.
  • the formulations are conventional formulations in agriculture, in particular for phytosanitary products, intended to be transported and stored in the form of powder, etc... and to be, just before application, diluted in water.
  • the present invention relates to the use of an eliciting composition comprising a plant extract obtained as described above to stimulate the defenses of plants or trees and reduce the effects of viruses on these plants.
  • the eliciting composition that is the subject of the invention also comprises at least one of the following substances, obtained by synthesis or by extraction from plants, in particular the plants mentioned above:

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
EP22808971.0A 2021-10-11 2022-10-11 Verwendung eines extrakts eines pflanzenteils zur stimulierung der abwehr von pflanzen gegen viren sowie zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren Pending EP4387456A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2110751A FR3127863A1 (fr) 2021-08-09 2021-10-11 Utilisation d’un extrait de partie de plante pour stimuler les défenses de plantes contre les virus, composition et procédés associés
PCT/EP2022/078282 WO2023062025A1 (fr) 2021-10-11 2022-10-11 Utilisation d'un extrait de partie de plante pour stimuler les défenses de plantes contre les virus, composition et procédés associés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4387456A1 true EP4387456A1 (de) 2024-06-26

Family

ID=84360514

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22808971.0A Pending EP4387456A1 (de) 2021-10-11 2022-10-11 Verwendung eines extrakts eines pflanzenteils zur stimulierung der abwehr von pflanzen gegen viren sowie zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4387456A1 (de)
AU (1) AU2022362673A1 (de)
CA (1) CA3234149A1 (de)
MX (1) MX2024004381A (de)
WO (1) WO2023062025A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6242018B1 (en) * 1997-04-11 2001-06-05 Johns Hopkins School Of Medicine Cancer Chemoprotective food products
GB0812012D0 (en) * 2008-07-01 2008-08-06 Plant Bioscience Ltd Use
WO2018234690A1 (fr) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-27 Martinez Barbreau Christelle Utilisation d'un extrait de partie de plante de roquette pour stimuler les défenses de plantes et d'arbres et composition et procédé associés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2022362673A1 (en) 2024-04-11
MX2024004381A (es) 2024-04-26
CA3234149A1 (fr) 2023-04-20
WO2023062025A1 (fr) 2023-04-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2018234690A1 (fr) Utilisation d'un extrait de partie de plante de roquette pour stimuler les défenses de plantes et d'arbres et composition et procédé associés
Balikai et al. Global scenario of insect and non-insect pests of jujube and their management options
Caswell et al. Nematode parasites of pineapple
KR100852398B1 (ko) 식물 추출물을 포함하는 식물 유해동물 방제용 조성물 및이를 이용한 식물유해동물 방제방법
Meenu et al. Diseases of ginger
Koshy et al. Nematode parasites of spices, condiments and medicinal plants.
Olaniran et al. Control of foliage pests of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) using plant extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and Azardiractha indica in Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Bhan et al. Weed management in India
Mouna et al. Insecticidal effect of two aqueous extracts from the leaves of Salvia officinalis and Eucalyptus camaldulensis against Aphis fabae
Reddy Diseases of horticultural crops: nematode problems and their management
Sipes et al. Nematode parasites of pineapple.
Hajji-Hedfi et al. Biological control of Meloidogyne javanica on tomato with Dazitol® and soil solarization
EP4387456A1 (de) Verwendung eines extrakts eines pflanzenteils zur stimulierung der abwehr von pflanzen gegen viren sowie zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren
Ghosh Population dynamics of different species of flea beetle infesting lady's finger (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) and their sustainable management.
Chakraborti Development and evaluation of a non-chemical pest management system for bitter gourd with emphasis on fruit fly
Abiodun et al. Bioefficacy of Petiveria alliacea and Annona squamosa against Podagrica species of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn)
WO2023062033A1 (fr) Utilisation de 1,3-thiazépane-2-thione pour stimuler les défenses de plantes contre les agents pathogènes, composition et procédés associés
EP3621440B1 (de) Verwendung eines extrakts eines teils einer rucolapflanze zur stimulierung der abwehrkräfte von pflanzen und bäumen und zugehörige zusammensetzung und verfahren
Wubshet et al. Bacterial diseases seriously infecting major horticultural crops in Ethiopia and their management
Shukla et al. Studies on the effect of chemicals nematicidal against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola development
Srivastava et al. Management of Sugarcane white fly, Aleurolobus barodensis Mask. for better sugar recovery in arid Rajasthan
HU226041B1 (en) Process for producing of bio-paprika and products comprising thereof
EP3282850B1 (de) Resistenz gegen heterodera carotae und verwendungsverfahren
FR2721174A1 (fr) Extrait de rehmannia glutinosa, composition protectrice contre le paraquat et procédé de traitement.
PERVEZ et al. Management of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infesting turmeric (Curcuma longa) under coconut (Cocos nucifera) cropping system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20240322

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR