EP4382410A1 - Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire - Google Patents

Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4382410A1
EP4382410A1 EP22211633.7A EP22211633A EP4382410A1 EP 4382410 A1 EP4382410 A1 EP 4382410A1 EP 22211633 A EP22211633 A EP 22211633A EP 4382410 A1 EP4382410 A1 EP 4382410A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wingsail
flap
main
rotation
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22211633.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jonas ALVÁN
Annika EDSTRÖM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfawall Oceanbird AB
Original Assignee
Alfawall Oceanbird AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfawall Oceanbird AB filed Critical Alfawall Oceanbird AB
Priority to EP22211633.7A priority Critical patent/EP4382410A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2023/083560 priority patent/WO2024120931A1/fr
Publication of EP4382410A1 publication Critical patent/EP4382410A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
    • B63H9/0621—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels
    • B63H9/0635—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels the panels being pivotable about vertical axes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails

Definitions

  • Sails have been known for a long time as means of propulsion of ships.
  • flexible sails have been mounted on masts to harness the power of wind and propel the ship.
  • the modern merchant vessels commonly use fossil fuels and combustion engines to propel the vessel.
  • Use of wind propulsion has been suggested to reduce the overall consumption of fossil fuels.
  • rigid sails can be used.
  • the amount of power being generated is related to many interlinked factors, but wing area and other geometric aerodynamic characteristics are primary performance indicators.
  • a possible geometric setup can be achieved by combining a main wing with a flap that can generate a large propulsive force given the wing size, compared to a wing without a flap.
  • the present invention relates to a wingsail structure for a wind-assisted propulsion arrangement of a marine vessel and comprises a wingsail frame, which is rotatably connected via a first longitudinal axis of rotation to the foundation.
  • the wingsail frame comprises:
  • the flap is arranged rotatable around a second longitudinal axis of rotation to bring the flap to an inclined position in respect of the main wingsail.
  • the second axis of rotation is located in a cross-sectional view within an area defined by the sidewalls of the flap and outside the periphery of the supporting frame of the flap.
  • the second axis of rotation may be located between the flap supporting frame and the trailing edge of the flap in a cross-sectional view. In this way, the flap may be folded to proximity of the main wingsail.
  • the third axis of rotation may be connected to the at least one coupling member, thus leading into a more compact and robust construction. Further, the third axis of rotation may be located between the supporting frame of the main wingsail and the trailing edge of the main wingsail in a cross-sectional view. This provides for further flexibility of the structure during folding of the flap towards the main wingsail.
  • the main wingsail may have a main wingsail centerline and the flap may have a flap centerline, which centerlines extend in a cross-sectional view between the respective leading edges and trailing edges.
  • the main wingsail and the flap may have a symmetrical shape in respect of the respective centerline.
  • the leading edge may have a different shape compared to the trailing edge, as is common in airfoil shapes.
  • the second axis of rotation may coincide with the flap centerline in a cross-sectional view. In this way forces affecting the flap during the rotation can be equally divided.
  • the third axis of rotation may be located along the main wingsail centerline in a cross-sectional view. In this way forces affecting the main wingsail during the rotation of the flap can be equally divided.
  • the flap may be configured to be inclined:
  • the inclination and folding of the flap can be used to decrease the area of the wingsail frame, thereby providing a controllable reefing of the wingsail frame or structure.
  • the at least one coupling member may be a lower coupling member, and thereby be close to the foundation.
  • the wingsail frame may further comprise an upper coupling member.
  • the upper coupling member may have a similar construction, although mirror-imaged as the lower coupling member, whereby a further more robust construction for the wingsail frame may be provided.
  • Each of the main wingsail and flap supporting frames may have a hollow structure and is located inside the respective main wingsail and the flap. Each of them may be further connected to an inner surface of the side wall of the respective main wingsail and the flap. Thereby, robust support for the main wingsail and the flap is provided.
  • the wingsail structure may further comprise a tilting arrangement configured to bring the wingsail frame from a standing position to a tilted position in respect of the foundation.
  • the wingsail frame may thus be stored in the tilted position when no propulsive forces are provided.
  • a complete reefing of the structure is possible.
  • the wingsail provides substantially no propulsive forces, which may be required for example when the vessel is in harbor or in case of heavy wind.
  • the wingsail frame may comprise at least one intermediate coupling member located along the longitudinal extension of the main wingsail and the flap between the upper and lower ends of the respective main wingsail and flap.
  • the intermediate coupling member connects the main wingsail and flap.
  • the invention also relates to a wind-assisted propulsion arrangement comprising at least one wingsail structure as described above.
  • the invention relates to a marine vessel comprising the wind-assisted propulsion arrangement.
  • a wingsail is generally defined as a rigid or semi-rigid structure having an airfoil shape.
  • the wingsail may be similar to an aircraft wing, and which can be fixed vertically on a marine vessel to provide propulsive force from the action of the wind.
  • a double wingsail configuration herein referred to as a wingsail frame, comprising a main wingsail and a flap.
  • the wingsail structure comprises the wingsail frame and a foundation.
  • One or more wingsail structures can be used in a marine, or maritime vessel used as a means of transportation on water.
  • the main wingsail and the flap have walls of a rigid or semi-rigid material and have an aerofoil shape. Both the main wingsail and the flap have sidewalls, a leading edge and a trailing edge and a top end and a bottom end.
  • rigid material is meant a material, which may be a composition of several materials, that is not foldable
  • “Semi-rigid” material is a material which is partly rigid and has some degree of flexibility
  • aerofoil shape is in this application meant a wing profile having an aerodynamic shape when looked in a transverse section in the fore-to-aft direction, i.e. from a leading edge to a trailing edge direction.
  • the aerodynamic aerofoil shape is advantageous, since it lets the air to pass over wingsail more easily.
  • the shape may be asymmetric in said direction, but it can involve symmetric sections, or the shape may be a symmetric aerofoil.
  • the aerofoil shape may be for example defined according to NACA standardized series, but the shape is not limited thereto.
  • the flap can be rotated along at least one vertical rotation axis in respect of the main wingsail to provide a camber providing propulsive force.
  • a flap which is rotatable in respect of the main wingsail it is possible to adjust the amount of generated power by adjusting a camber formed by the main wingsail and a flap.
  • the wingsail area needs to be reduced, which is also called reefing.
  • the flap can be folded towards the main wingsail. In this way a projected area of a wingsail frame can be reduced.
  • the space required by the wingsail frame is reduced on board a vessel.
  • the generated forces are reduced. In this way, a minimum power configuration can be obtained in desired conditions, which may be important for vessel safety, structural integrity, and operability.
  • the wingsail frame can be tilted horizontally towards the deck to a tilted position. To provide the tilted position the wingsail frame is thus tilted from a vertical standing position towards a horizontal position.
  • tilted position is meant a position in which the wingsail frame is inclined towards a horizontal position and/or can lean towards a deck of the vessel or towards a support on the deck.
  • the wingsail frame can be stowed in this position and the position is herein also referred to as a stowage position.
  • the wingsail frame In the tilted position and when the main wingsail and the flap are in a folded position, space can be saved on the deck of the vessel compared to the main wingsail and the flap not in a folded position.
  • the wingsail frame In the tilted position, the wingsail frame may be positioned in a horizontal or vertical tilted position. This is also illustrated in the appended drawings.
  • the wingsail and the flap are brought from a first unfolded standing position, in which the wingsail and flap provide propulsive forces to the vessel or in which the main wingsail and the flap are aligned and in a neutral position, to a second folded standing position.
  • folded standing position is meant that the main wingsail and/or the flap are rotated in respect of one or multiple vertical axis/axes towards one another.
  • the vertical axis is essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wingsail frame in the standing position.
  • the main wingsail and the flap are in an overlapping position when looking in a transversal plane, i.e. directly in front of the wing structure.
  • the wingsail frame is then tilted in respect of a transversal or horizontal rotation axis, which is perpendicular to the vertical rotation axis, and is tilted towards the deck of the vessel.
  • the folding can be obtained by for example rotating the flap to overlap the main wingsail.
  • the wingsail frame may be stowed in a neutral, non-propulsive, position.
  • a transversal extension of the wingsail frame is reduced compared to when the wingsail frame is in a propulsive standing position.
  • the wingsail frames are typically, but not necessarily, folded in an upright position before the wingsail frame is tilted. Further advantage is that the lifting force from wind will be reduced which can be useful in strong winds to reduce the stress on the components.
  • the wingsail can be tilted down on the deck and stored either in a flat horizontally lying position or in a vertical upright position.
  • the reference sign 110 applies for the main wingsail 110 in connection with all wingsail frames 101 in Fig. 1 , although only one is depicted with 110.
  • a marine vessel 1 comprising a wind-assisted propulsion arrangement 10 with three wingsail structures 100 is shown.
  • Each of the wingsail structures 100 comprises a wingsail frame 101, schematically shown by a rectangle with dotted lines in connection with one wingsail frame in Fig. 1 .
  • the wingsail frame comprises a main wingsail 110 and a flap 120 and at least one coupling member, which may be the lower coupling member 140 and/or the upper coupling member 130. Both the main wingsail 110 and a flap 120 are rigid or semi-rigid.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a schematical and partially cut side view of the wingsail structure 100 comprising a foundation 20 and the wingsail frame 101.
  • the wingsail frame 101 further comprises an upper coupling member 130 (see Fig. 1 ) and a lower coupling member 140, which are configured to rotatably connect the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 in respect to each other. At least one coupling member is needed for the main wingsail 110 and/or the flap 120 to be rotated around one or more vertical axis/axis so that the flap can be rotated towards the main wingsail.
  • the wingsail frame 101 can be connected to the foundation 20 for example via a shaft 22.
  • the center of the shaft 22 may define a first vertical axis of rotation 111 ( Fig. 6 ), around which the whole wingsail frame 101 can rotate in respect to the foundation 20.
  • the main wingsail is suitably attached to the shaft in a non-rotatable manner. Instead, the shaft is arranged to the foundation in a rotatable manner, and when the shaft rotates, the whole wingsail frame rotates, thereby providing a suitable angle for the wingsail frame against the wind.
  • both the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 have an aerofoil shape and comprise rigid or semi-rigid sidewalls.
  • the main wingsail has a leading edge 117, a trailing edge 118 ( Fig. 6 ), a top end 116 and a bottom end 115 ( Fig. 1 and 5 ), and the side walls 211 and 212 extend therebetween.
  • the flap 120 has a leading edge 127 and a trailing edge 128 and a top end 126 and a bottom end 125 ( Fig. 1 and 5 ), and the side walls 221 and 222 extend therebetween ( Fig. 6 ).
  • the aerofoil shape has generally a tapering shape from the leading edge towards the trailing edge.
  • the side walls 211, 221 and 212, 222 of the respective main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 extend in the longitudinal direction L between the respective top ends 116, 126 and bottom ends 115, 125.
  • the side walls 211 and 212 of the main wingsail and 221 and 222 of the flap shown in Fig. 6 are connected or integrated to form the aerofoil shape of the respective main wingsail and the flap with the respective leading edge 117 and 127 and the respective trailing edge 118 and 128.
  • the sidewalls may be formed of modules attached to each other permanently or detachably.
  • the main wingsail and flap profiles can be designed in different modular elements which can be combined to achieve different size of the sails.
  • the modules may together form the integrated main wingsail or flap with the aerofoil shape.
  • the main wingsail and the flap may comprise any suitable material, such as a moldable polymeric material, glass fiber material, carbon fiber material and/or a composite material, but is not limited thereto.
  • the wingsail frame 101 further comprises at least one coupling member 140, which in the illustrated example of Fig. 5 is a lower coupling member placed in association with the bottom end 115 of the main wingsail 110 and the bottom end 125 of the flap 120.
  • the wingsail frame may additionally or alternatively comprise an upper coupling member 130 associated with the top end 116 of the main wingsail 110 and the top end 126 of the flap 120.
  • the coupling members 130, 140 may have a similar construction both on the top and the bottom, or the construction may be different from each other and/or mirror-imaged.
  • the coupling members 130, 140 are configured to connect the main wingsail 110 and the aft flap 120.
  • the wingsail structure 100 further comprises the foundation 20, which is arranged to be fixed to a body or deck 3 of the vessel 1.
  • the foundation 20 is associated with the wingsail frame 101 such that it supports the frame when the wingsail frame is in an upright, vertical standing position, either in a propulsive or neutral position (I) or in the folded position (II).
  • Fig. 2 illustrates that the foundation comprises or is connected to means to tilt 300 the wingsail frame 101 to a tilted position, in which the wingsail frame may be lying in a horizontal or vertical position (IIIa; IIIb), as shown in Fig. 3 and 4 , respectively.
  • the wingsail frame In the first unfolded standing position (I) illustrated in Fig. 1 , the wingsail frame is shown in a propulsive position.
  • the propulsive force provided by the main wingsail and the flap can be varied by altering the camber C, i.e. the convexity of the curve the main wingsail and the flap form from the leading edge of the main wingsail to the trailing edge of the flap.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates in a view from above the main wingsail and the flap in a substantially neutral position, in which the flap centerline (FCL) is aligned with the main wingsail centerline (MCL).
  • Fig. 7a illustrates an example of a propulsive position in which the main wingsail and the flap form a camber (C), illustrated by a curve C, to provide a propulsive position, when the wingsail frame is in a standing position (I).
  • C camber
  • the wingsail structures 100 are shown in the second, folded standing position (II).
  • the longitudinal axis L of the wingsail structure which is shown only in connection with one structure 100, is essentially parallel with a general vertical axis V, which is perpendicular to a horizontal axis H of the vessel 1.
  • the horizontal axis H can extend substantially in the same direction as the deck 3.
  • the wingsail structure also has an extension in a depth direction D, which is perpendicular to the plane formed by the two-dimensional longitudinal L and transversal T directions. The extension in the depth direction may increase when the flap is folded towards the main wingsail.
  • a space saving, tilted stowage horizontal position IIIa ( Fig. 3 ) or vertical position IIIb ( Fig. 4 ) can be obtained for the wingsail frame 101, when the flap 120 is first folded towards the main wingsail 110, and the wingsail frame 101 is brought to a second folded standing position (II) as illustrated in Fig. 2 .
  • the wingsail frame can then be tilted to the tilted position, which may be a substantially horizontal position IIIa in respect to the deck 3 of the vessel 1 and in which the wingsail frame 101 lies towards the deck, as shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the wingsail frame can be tilted to the tilted position, which may be a substantially vertical position IIIb in respect to the deck 3 of the vessel 1 and in which the wingsail frame 101 lies towards the deck in a vertical position as shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the wingsail frame 101 is tilted around a transversal rotation axis RT, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L and thus essentially horizontal.
  • the arrow RT illustrates the direction of the tilting in respect of the deck 3 and is shown in Fig 2 .
  • the longitudinal axis L of the wingsail frame is thus essentially parallel with the horizontal axis H, or is nearly parallel.
  • the tilting can be obtained by a schematically shown hydraulically operated tilting arrangement 300 connected to the foundation 20 shown in Fig. 2 .
  • each of the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 comprises a longitudinally, along the length of the respective main wingsail 110 and aft flap 120, extending respective supporting frame 310, 320, as best shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the main wingsail supporting frame 310 is arranged inside the sidewalls of the main wingsail 110 and a flap supporting frame 320 is arranged inside the sidewalls of the flap 120.
  • Each of the supporting frames 310, 320 has a hollow structure and can be connected to an inner surface of the side wall 211, 212, 221, 222 of the respective main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 as shown in Fig. 6 .
  • the purpose of the frame structure is to provide support for the wingsail and thereby provide a robust construction.
  • the frame structure may be provided in modules or as a one-piece construction.
  • the wingsail frame is arranged in a neutral unfolded standing position (I).
  • the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 are arranged successively after each other and are positioned in the same direction.
  • the main wingsail 110 has a main cross-sectional centerline MCL and the aft flap 120 has a flap cross-sectional centerline FCL, which centerlines extend between the respective leading and trailing edges.
  • the flap centerline (FCL) is aligned with the main wingsail centerline (MCL).
  • the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 may have a common cross-sectional centerline CL, which coincides with the main cross-sectional centerline MCL and the flap centerline FCL.
  • Fig. 7a-7c To provide propulsive forces, the main wingsail and the flap are arranged to form a camber C having a convex arc-shape, as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the whole wingsail frame 101 can be rotated around the first vertical rotation axis 111 to adjust the position of the wingsail frame 101 against the wind.
  • the flap 120 is rotated in respect of a second vertical rotation axis 112 and/or a third axis of rotation 113 to bring the flap and the flap centerline FCL to an inclined position in respect of the main wingsail centerline MCL.
  • the second axis of rotation 112 is arranged outside the supporting frame 320 of the flap 120, but inside the sidewalls 221 and 222 of the flap 120.
  • the second rotation axis 112 is connected to the lower coupling member 140.
  • the second rotation axis 112 may additionally or alternatively be connected to the upper coupling member 130 in a corresponding way.
  • the second axis of rotation 112 is further connected to the supporting frame 320 of the flap 120 via a connecting member 1121 as shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the flap can thus be rotated towards the main wingsail 120 to a second, folded position (II) shown in Fig. 7b .
  • the flap can be further arranged rotatable around a third axis of rotation 113 to bring the flap and the flap centerline (FCL) thereof to an inclined, folded and/or parallel position in respect of the main wingsail 110.
  • the third axis of rotation 113 may be in a cross-sectional view within the area defined by the sidewalls 211, 212 of the main wingsail 110 as shown in Fig. 7a-7c .
  • the third axis of rotation 113 may be connected to the lower coupling member 140.
  • the side wall 221 on the right-hand side of the flap 120 (in respect of the leading edge) is folded towards the side wall 211 of the main wingsail 110.
  • the flap 120 could be alternatively folded in the opposite direction so that the side wall 222 of the flap 120 is folded towards the sidewall 212 of the main wingsail 110.
  • the flap 120 faces the main wingsail 110 in an opposite direction, i.e. the leading edge 127 of the flap faces substantially opposite direction compared to the leading edge 117 of the main wingsail 110.
  • Fig. 7c shows a further variant of folding obtained by the third axis of rotation 113 which can be provided in the lower coupling member 140 as shown in Fig. 5 and/or upper coupling member 130.
  • the flap 120 is rotated in respect of the third rotation axis 113 in a counter-clockwise or clockwise direction so that the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120 are positioned parallelly or nearly parallelly.
  • the centerlines MCL and FCL are parallel or nearly parallel and the side wall 222 of the flap 120 on the left-hand side, seen in respect of the leading edge of the flap 120, faces towards the side wall 211 on the right-hand side of the main wingsail 110, seen in respect of the leading edge 117 of the main wingsail 110.
  • the trailing edges 118 and 128 of the main wingsail 110 and the flap 120, respectively, are brought into proximity of each other.
  • the flap 120 faces the main wingsail 110 in the same direction.
  • the main wingsail, the flap and the upper and lower coupling means may comprise suitable arrangement configured to provide the rotating movement in respect of the rotation axes, and may comprise e.g. shafts, bearings e.g. roller bearings and drive means.
  • the first, second and third vertical axes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the wingsail frame, when the wingsail frame is in a standing propulsive position (I) or standing folded position (II).
  • the rotation of the wingsail frame, main wingsail and/or the flap can be controlled by incorporating e.g. hydraulically or electrically controllable means to each rotation axis.
  • a control unit can then be connected to the drive arrangement to regulate the rotation of the wingsail frame, main wingsail and/or the flap.
  • the degree of rotation of the wingsail frame, main wingsail and/or the flap is adapted to prevailing surrounding conditions.
  • the rotating arrangement and each of the vertical rotation axes for the main wingsail and flap can be arranged with stop means so that the degree of rotation is angularly limited to a certain degree.
  • stop means By limiting the rotation degree, uncontrolled rotation of the parts of the wingsail frame can be avoided, for example in case of change in the prevailing wind/weather conditions.
  • the foundation is separated from the shaft 22 due to illustration means.
  • the foundation 20 and the shaft 22 may be connected to each other also when tilted, for example via the tilting arrangement 300 shown in Fig. 2 .
  • other connecting means or additional rotation means could be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
EP22211633.7A 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire Pending EP4382410A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22211633.7A EP4382410A1 (fr) 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire
PCT/EP2023/083560 WO2024120931A1 (fr) 2022-12-06 2023-11-29 Structure de voile pour propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22211633.7A EP4382410A1 (fr) 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4382410A1 true EP4382410A1 (fr) 2024-06-12

Family

ID=84420972

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22211633.7A Pending EP4382410A1 (fr) 2022-12-06 2022-12-06 Structure d'aile pour la propulsion assistée par le vent d'un navire

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4382410A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024120931A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2088308A (en) * 1980-11-21 1982-06-09 Wainwright Barry Aerofoil sail
JPS57194187A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-29 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Sail apparatus of scooter
WO2014001824A1 (fr) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Windship Technology Limited Voile à profil aérodynamique
WO2017003512A1 (fr) * 2015-06-25 2017-01-05 Ocean Aero, Inc. Bateau submersible qui présente des ensembles aileron et quille rétractables
US10906620B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2021-02-02 Ayro Ship with sail propulsion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2088308A (en) * 1980-11-21 1982-06-09 Wainwright Barry Aerofoil sail
JPS57194187A (en) * 1981-05-26 1982-11-29 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Sail apparatus of scooter
WO2014001824A1 (fr) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Windship Technology Limited Voile à profil aérodynamique
WO2017003512A1 (fr) * 2015-06-25 2017-01-05 Ocean Aero, Inc. Bateau submersible qui présente des ensembles aileron et quille rétractables
US10906620B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2021-02-02 Ayro Ship with sail propulsion

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Publication number Publication date
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