EP4380849A1 - Unterseeboot mit einem drucklager zur einkopplung der vortriebskräfte aus der antriebswelle in den druckkörper - Google Patents
Unterseeboot mit einem drucklager zur einkopplung der vortriebskräfte aus der antriebswelle in den druckkörperInfo
- Publication number
- EP4380849A1 EP4380849A1 EP22758472.9A EP22758472A EP4380849A1 EP 4380849 A1 EP4380849 A1 EP 4380849A1 EP 22758472 A EP22758472 A EP 22758472A EP 4380849 A1 EP4380849 A1 EP 4380849A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thrust bearing
- submarine
- shaft
- pressure hull
- tension rods
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/08—Propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/13—Hulls built to withstand hydrostatic pressure when fully submerged, e.g. submarine hulls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/32—Other parts
- B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/32—Other parts
- B63H23/34—Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts; Attachment of propellers on shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
- B63H23/32—Other parts
- B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
- B63H2023/325—Thrust bearings, i.e. axial bearings for propeller shafts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a submarine with a thrust bearing which absorbs the propulsive forces generated by the propeller from the shaft and directs them to the pressure hull.
- Thrust bearings are also known as thrust bearings, thrust bearings or thrust bearings.
- a thrust bearing is not only used to guide a shaft, but is also used to absorb forces that are particularly directed along the shaft axis. In particular, it means that there can usually be small amounts of force occurring transverse to the axis of the shaft, but most of the force (> 90%, often > 99%) running along the axis of the shaft. This force vector ultimately ensures the propulsion of the submarine.
- a wave is usually guided out of the pressure hull in the middle.
- the propeller generates propulsion.
- the force should not be transmitted to the engine and via the engine to the submarine, which is why a thrust bearing is arranged inside the pressure hull, which absorbs the forces from the shaft and redirects them to the ship's structure.
- Thrust bearings are now usually firmly connected to the ground on which they stand. The forces are thus absorbed by the structures of the submarine and primarily dissipated downwards into the hull.
- the object of the invention is to provide a low-wear and operationally reliable thrust bearing. This problem is solved by the submarine with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments result from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.
- the submarine according to the invention has a pressure hull and a propulsion system.
- the propulsion system includes a motor, a shaft and a propeller.
- the motor located inside the pressure hull, drives the shaft on which the propeller sits.
- the propulsion is generated by the rotation of the propeller.
- the shaft is guided through the pressure hull.
- This seal is therefore not usually designed to absorb forces from the shaft which are generated by the propulsion and then to direct these forces into the pressure hull.
- the shaft is guided through a thrust bearing inside the pressure hull.
- the thrust bearing is designed to dissipate the propulsive force generated by the propeller onto the submarine.
- the thrust bearing can also have other functionalities.
- the shaft does not have to be designed in one piece from the motor to the propeller. Rather, the shaft, as also shown later in the figures, can have, for example, a first flange connection between the thrust bearing and the motor. Likewise, as also shown later in the figures, the shaft can have, for example, a second flange connection between the thrust bearing and the propeller, in particular between the thrust bearing and the seal in the thrust body.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the bottom end of the thrust body. Through this connection, the propulsion forces and the gravity of the thrust bearing can be transferred to the end floor.
- the thrust bearing is directly, ie directly, and only connected to the end floor.
- a further connection to other ship structures is intentionally omitted. It is no longer connected to the bottom of the submarine or a deck. This means that the thrust bearing is no longer simply supported by gravity from below, as it was before, but is attached to the end floor, so to speak, at the side.
- the effect of this is that the deformations of the cylinder jacket of the pressure hull have no direct influence on the position of the thrust bearing in relation to the shaft.
- the end floor is the end of the pressure hull facing the propeller.
- the end floor is usually domed and concave when viewed from the inside. Even if the end base is deformed, this is usually symmetrical to the central axis, so that the direct connection between the end base and the thrust bearing means that there is no tilting of the thrust bearing relative to the shaft. This significantly reduces wear.
- the end floor is hemispherical.
- the end floor can also be implemented in the form of a dished end, as described in DIN 28011, for example.
- a dished end has two different radii of curvature, a large radius in the central area and a radius that is 10 times smaller in the edge area.
- the end floor can be designed, for example, as a basket arch floor according to DIN 28013 or as an elliptically shaped end floor. All of these soils exhibit rotational symmetry, which means that water pressure deformations occur symmetrically.
- the shaft of the propeller preferably runs along the central axis of the pressure hull.
- the thrust bearing is preferably also located on the central axis.
- the central axis is the axis around which the pressure body is constructed in a rotationally symmetrical manner.
- the central axis in the sense of the invention is to be understood from the point of view of the end floor.
- the central axis is the axis of rotational symmetry around which the end base is constructed in a rotationally symmetrical manner.
- the shaft lies on the central axis, which is the axis of rotational symmetry of the end floor.
- Another effect is that the entire construction can be made much smaller and lighter, since the driving forces are not deflected, but directly along the direction of force action in the end floor of the pressure hull and thus via the end floor in the entire pressure hull and thus in the entire Ship structure can be initiated.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via at least four tension rods.
- the tension rods have to support the thrust bearing when at rest, the forces that occur are primarily directed in the direction of the shaft when driving, so that a high load occurs as a train and can thus be introduced directly and efficiently into the pressure hull than via a connection to the thrust bearing the deck or bottom of the submarine.
- Tension rod in the sense of the connection is a connection which is designed in particular to absorb tensile and compressive forces.
- Tension rods can be designed in particular as rods or tubes. Of course, the tension rods do not have to be round, but can also have an angular cross-section or, for example, be designed as a double T-beam.
- the tension rods can be designed or connected in such a way that they are designed in particular to absorb the tensile and compressive forces free of moments.
- the pull rod can be connected to the end floor in a fixed or rotatable manner.
- the pull rod can also be designed as an eye rod, for example.
- the thrust bearing may be connected to the end base via a cone, a cone segment, or via two or more cone segments.
- the embodiment with tension rods is discussed below.
- the embodiments described below can be implemented analogously with a cone or cone segments.
- Tension rods and cone segments can also be combined.
- the tension rods are rotatably connected to the thrust bearing.
- the tie rods are rotatably attached to the thrust bearing via pins.
- the pins are advantageously arranged laterally on the thrust bearing, so that there is a movement of the thrust bearing within the vertical center plane.
- the shaft also lies within the vertical center plane.
- the vertical median plane is thus the plane which, when the submarine is in the normal position, runs perpendicularly through the center of the submarine and thus also through the center of the waves.
- the tension rods are arranged on a circular path of the end floor.
- the circular path has its center on the central axis of the pressure hull.
- the force is thus coupled rotationally symmetrically into the end floor. Due to the arrangement on a circular path, all connection points are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner. Due to the rotationally symmetrical shape of the end floor, all deformations of the end floor are also to be expected to be rotationally symmetrical. As a result, a deformation of the end cap leads at most to a longitudinal displacement of the thrust bearing along the shaft axis. A tilting between the shaft and the thrust bearing, in particular the bearing shells of the thrust bearing, and thus an increase in wear does not occur.
- the tension rods are arranged symmetrically to the vertical center plane.
- At least two tension rods are arranged on the horizontal center plane.
- the thrust bearing has two opposite pins on the longitudinal side, with the tension rods being fastened to the pins in each case. As a result, the thrust bearing can be mounted so that it can rotate about the transverse axis of the boat.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via a first tie rod which is arranged in the vertical center plane and runs downwards from the thrust bearing at an angle of, for example, 45°. Furthermore, the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via a second tie rod, which is arranged in the vertical center plane and runs upwards from the thrust bearing at an angle of, for example, 45°. Furthermore, the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via two additional tension rods, which are arranged horizontally and also run at a 45° angle. The angles are given in relation to the shaft axis. Thus, all tension rods are attached to the end floor on a circular path. At rest, the first tie rod is subjected to a compressive load and the second tie rod is subjected to a tensile load due to gravity. During propulsion, a tensile force is added to all tension rods due to the propulsion.
- the thrust bearing has two laterally arranged rotatable attachment points for tension rods, which are designed, for example, in the form of round pins.
- the thrust bearing On both trunnions of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a first tie rod, which is arranged parallel to the vertical center plane and runs downwards from the trunnion at an angle of, for example, 45°.
- the thrust bearing on both journals of the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a second tie rod, which is arranged parallel to the vertical center plane and runs, for example, 45° upwards.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via two additional tension rods, which are also fastened to the pins. These tension rods are arranged horizontally and also run at a 45° angle. Thus, all tension rods are attached to the end floor on a circular path.
- the thrust bearing has two laterally arranged rotatable attachment points for tension rods, which for example in the form of round pins.
- the thrust bearing On both trunnions of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a first tie rod, which is arranged parallel to the vertical center plane and runs downwards from the trunnion at an angle of, for example, 45°.
- the thrust bearing On both journals of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a second tension rod, which is arranged parallel to the shaft.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via two additional tension rods, which are also fastened to the pins. These tension rods are arranged horizontally and also run at a 45° angle.
- the tie rods arranged parallel to the shaft can absorb the tractive force generated by the propulsion of the propeller particularly well, without force being diverted.
- the thrust bearing has two laterally arranged rotatable attachment points for tension rods, which are designed, for example, in the form of round pins.
- the thrust bearing On both trunnions of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a first tie rod, which is arranged parallel to the vertical center plane and runs downwards from the trunnion at an angle of, for example, 45°.
- the thrust bearing On both journals of the thrust bearing, the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via a second tension rod, which is arranged parallel to the vertical center plane and runs upwards, for example, at an angle of 45°.
- the thrust bearing is connected to the end floor via two additional tension rods, which are also fastened to the pins. These tension rods are arranged horizontally and also run at a 45° angle.
- the thrust bearing on each of the two journals of the thrust bearing is connected to the end base via a further tension rod, which is arranged parallel to the shaft.
- the tension rods are designed in at least three parts.
- the tie bar has a front tie bar portion and a rear tie bar portion.
- the front tie rod part and the rear tie rod part are connected to one another via at least one length adjustment device.
- this device can be a threaded sleeve which engages a thread on the front pull rod part and the rear pull rod part and changes the length by rotation, including the both threads are preferably in opposite directions.
- the thrust bearing can easily be adapted and aligned to the individual submarine, ie, for example, variations in the dimensions of the end floor or the shaft can be compensated for during installation.
- changes that occur during operation can also be recognized and corrected.
- Spatial relationships in this text always refer to a normal position of the pressure hull, i.e. a horizontal alignment of the central axis of the pressure hull, i.e. the normal position in calm seas when surfaced without sailing.
- the thrust bearing 10 has a pin 70 on each of the two sides.
- the thrust bearing 10 has a pin 70 on each of the two sides.
- All six tension rods 20 are connected to the end base 30, with the connection points between the tension rods 20 and the end base 30 lying on a circular path and thus all being equidistant from the axis of rotation of the shaft.
- the tension rods 20 each have a threaded sleeve 60 . By turning the threaded sleeve 60, the length of the respective tension rod 20 can be changed.
- the end floor 30 has a pressure hull bushing 40 through which the shaft is guided from the inside of the pressure hull to the outside.
- the pressure hull bushing 40 is sealed against the diving pressure, but allows the shaft to rotate freely.
- the shaft On the other side of the thrust bearing 10, the shaft has a coupling flange 50 to be connected to the motor via another section of the shaft.
- a coupling element that is elastic in the axial and radial directions is first arranged on the coupling flange. This protects the traction motor. Because of the thrust bearing 10, the propulsive force of the propeller no longer acts on the coupling flange 50 and thus no longer on the motor.
- FIG. 2 a second alternative exemplary arrangement of a thrust bearing 10 in a submarine is shown.
- the difference from the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the two tension rods 20 directed upwards in FIG. 1 run parallel to the shaft in the exemplary embodiment shown here. As a result, these two parallel tension rods can conduct the traction forces from the propulsion through the propeller to the end floor without force deflection.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021208362.5A DE102021208362A1 (de) | 2021-08-02 | 2021-08-02 | Unterseeboot mit einem Drucklager zur Einkopplung der Vortriebskräfte aus der Antriebswelle in den Druckkörper |
| PCT/EP2022/071336 WO2023012055A1 (de) | 2021-08-02 | 2022-07-29 | Unterseeboot mit einem drucklager zur einkopplung der vortriebskräfte aus der antriebswelle in den druckkörper |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4380849A1 true EP4380849A1 (de) | 2024-06-12 |
| EP4380849B1 EP4380849B1 (de) | 2026-05-06 |
Family
ID=83059233
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22758472.9A Active EP4380849B1 (de) | 2021-08-02 | 2022-07-29 | Unterseeboot mit einem drucklager zur einkopplung der vortriebskräfte aus der antriebswelle in den druckkörper |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4380849B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021208362A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023012055A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3073816B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-11-29 | Naval Group | Vehicule sous-marin comprenant une chaine de propulsion et procede associe |
| CN110329482B (zh) * | 2019-04-30 | 2022-03-18 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | 外置式潜器轴系装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-08-02 DE DE102021208362.5A patent/DE102021208362A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 EP EP22758472.9A patent/EP4380849B1/de active Active
- 2022-07-29 WO PCT/EP2022/071336 patent/WO2023012055A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021208362A1 (de) | 2023-02-02 |
| EP4380849B1 (de) | 2026-05-06 |
| WO2023012055A1 (de) | 2023-02-09 |
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