EP4378371B1 - Filterschaltvorrichtung für einen endoskopischen kamerakopf, kamerakopf und nachrüstsatz zum nachrüsten eines kamerakopfes und/oder eines endoskops - Google Patents

Filterschaltvorrichtung für einen endoskopischen kamerakopf, kamerakopf und nachrüstsatz zum nachrüsten eines kamerakopfes und/oder eines endoskops

Info

Publication number
EP4378371B1
EP4378371B1 EP23209980.4A EP23209980A EP4378371B1 EP 4378371 B1 EP4378371 B1 EP 4378371B1 EP 23209980 A EP23209980 A EP 23209980A EP 4378371 B1 EP4378371 B1 EP 4378371B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
optical
camera head
switching device
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP23209980.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4378371A1 (de
Inventor
Bernhard Glöggler
Uwe Martin
Thomas Hinding
Deborah Rüger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Storz SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Karl Storz SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Storz SE and Co KG filed Critical Karl Storz SE and Co KG
Publication of EP4378371A1 publication Critical patent/EP4378371A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4378371B1 publication Critical patent/EP4378371B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00163—Optical arrangements
    • A61B1/00186—Optical arrangements with imaging filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
    • G02B23/2484—Arrangements in relation to a camera or imaging device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00105—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
    • A61B1/042—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by a proximal camera, e.g. a CCD camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2423—Optical details of the distal end
    • G02B23/243—Objectives for endoscopes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2407—Optical details
    • G02B23/2453—Optical details of the proximal end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476—Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/007—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light
    • G02B26/008—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light in the form of devices for effecting sequential colour changes, e.g. colour wheels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/006—Filter holders

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a filter switching device for an endoscopic camera head with at least three optical filters comprising an outer surface, with an optical path and a rotating element, wherein, by means of the rotating element, each optical filter is moveable into and out of the optical path. Furthermore, the invention concerns a camera head for an endoscope and a retrofit kit for retrofitting a camera head and/or an endoscope.
  • observation instruments such as endoscopes are used to observe and examine an internal cavity of a human or animal body or of industrial objects, such as a piping.
  • a camera head including an image sensor can be used together with the endoscope.
  • the subject scene is exposed to an excitation radiation, which causes a fluorophore, which has been previously applied to, or already exists in, a tissue or object, to emit light of a particular wavelength different from, and usually longer than, the wavelength of the excitation radiation.
  • the emission light is generally far dimmer than other sources, including the excitation fluorescence light or imaging white light, it is necessary to filter out unwanted wavelength bands such that, to the best practical extent, only the desired spectrum reaches the image sensor of the camera head when operating in a fluorescence mode. Therefore, a suitable filter has to be introduced into the observation optical path, for which different filter switching devices are known.
  • EP 1 372 460 B1 discloses a device for positioning at least one optical component inside an endoscopic system comprising a housing through which an optical axis extends and in which at least one component, such as a filter for a specific spectral range, is arranged on a carrier that is pivotable about its pivot axis, and therewith the component can be moved into and back out of the beam path along the optical axis, wherein the smallest incident of an inside wall of the housing from the pivot axis is smaller than the greatest distance of the pivot axis to an outer edge of the at least one component.
  • a component such as a filter for a specific spectral range
  • the housing is rigidly connected with a housing of the optical head of the endoscope.
  • the emission filter is usually arranged in the endoscope head.
  • a rigid endoscope is known, wherein, inside the endoscope head, two optical emission filters are integrated. These emission filters can be manually swiveled in and out of the optical path. It is disadvantageous that, in this endoscopic head, only two optical filters can be used. Further, there is a certain risk that the operator, during use, will neglect to switch the correct emission filter into position, resulting in the desired fluorescence mode not functioning as anticipated, as such operator error is not recognized automatically.
  • filter switching devices in form of a rotating filter wheel are known in the state of the art.
  • DE 103 12 644 A1 discloses a rotatable filter wheel which comprises a plurality of filter receptacles distributed over its outer circumference, into which different disc-shaped filters can be inserted.
  • By rotating the filter wheel one of the inserted optical filters can be arranged in the beam path of an examination device. Due to the arrangement of the filters at the outer circumference, the major part of the filter wheel has to be arranged beside the optical path and therewith this filter wheel requires a particularly large, lateral installation space.
  • US 2014/0051925 A1 describes a filter switching device for a fluorescence endoscopic television camera system with a frame comprising a first filter and a second filter disposed in a vertical direction and permanent magnets as well as a rotating ring rotatably disposed outside the frame likewise comprising permanent magnets, so that, by rotating the ring, one filter of this two-mode filtering arrangement is moved into position along an optical path.
  • the number of filters is limited to two options, and, due to the vertical arrangement of the filters atop of each other, a large filter installation space is necessary.
  • DE 10 2020 100 676 B3 discloses a filter changing device for an optical observation instrument with two beam paths for stereoscopic observation comprising three filter wheels which are arranged one behind the other along a common axis and are rotatable about this common axis and relative to one another.
  • the second filter wheel arranged in the middle is driven and each respective driver pin engages in a respective slot or notch of the first filter wheel and the third filter wheel, wherein each slot or notch is shaped as a quarter circle. Due to the sequential arrangement of the filter wheels along the optical path and therewith in three planes as well as the necessary drive at the outer circumference of the second filter wheel, this filter changing device is space consuming both in the longitudinal and vertical directions.
  • DE 101 57 075 A1 discloses a device for positioning at least one optical component, for example a filter for a specific spectral wavelength range, within an endoscopic system with a housing, through which the optical axis of the endoscopic system runs and in which the at least one optical component is arranged.
  • each optical component can swivel into and out of the beam path about each a pivot axis running essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the housing.
  • a shorter distance of an inner wall of the housing from the pivot axis is smaller than a largest distance of the pivot axis to an outer edge of the at least one optical component.
  • each pivotable carrier By arranging the pivot axis of each pivotable carrier closer to the inner wall of the housing, the number of carriers for holding filters that are as different as possible is limited by the spatially far-reaching pivoting movement within the limited space of the housing.
  • the housing is firmly connected to a housing of the optical head of the endoscope.
  • Another disadvantage is that due to the spatially closer arrangement of the pivot axis on the inner wall of the housing, a large number of movable individual parts are required in order to introduce several filters into the beam path. This results in increased costs and assembly effort. This also increases the risk of wear, inaccuracies in the respective pivoting movement and consequently malfunctions.
  • JP 2011 141 403 A discloses a lens barrel with an optical filter switching mechanism, that comprises, from the eyepiece side to a subject side along an optical axis, a switching lever, which is connected via transmission gears with a subsequent rotating disc, followed by a fixed base member fixed in its position to the lens barrel and a holding member holding four filters in a square arrangement.
  • the fixed based member comprises a cam groove with an angular, open U-shape around an opening for passing light, wherein the holding member via its cam pin is conducted through the cam groove of the fixed base member and is fixed in the rotating disc.
  • the fixed base member comprises a rotation restricting portion on its peripheral edge, which interacts with one of the four round corners of the square formed holding member.
  • EP 3 203 296 B1 describes a centrosymmetric changer for optical elements, which is mounted in an optical path of a telescope in front of an image capture device or eyepiece.
  • the centrosymmetric changer comprises four holder-levers, which each are rotatable around its axis of rotation for the movement of the optical elements into the optical axis.
  • the centrosymmetric changer comprises a rotatable disc having a cam-groove, wherein each holder-lever guiding pin is engaged in the cam-groove.
  • An outer maximum diameter of the cam-groove resembles a parking position of the holder-levers and an inner minimal diameter of the cam-groove resembles a working position of the respective holder-lever.
  • US 2005/004435 A1 concerns a device for positioning at least one optical component inside an endoscopic system, wherein inside a housing of the device optical components are arranged each at an end of a carrier which are mounted pivotably around a pivot axis on the housing.
  • the pivoting of each a carrier is driven individually by at least one drive element preferably designed as a magnetically acting element.
  • Two optical components can be arranged at axially different positions and therefore both can be pivoted simultaneously into the beam path within the housing of the device.
  • the objective of the present invention is to improve the known state of the art.
  • a filter switching device for an endoscopic camera head with at least three optical filters comprising an outer surface, with an optical path and a rotating element, wherein the rotating element is drivable by hand or a motor, and, by means of the rotating element each optical filter is moveable into and out of the optical path, and the filter switching device comprises a groove with a non-circular trajectory, wherein the groove is arranged in a base plate and the groove is formed as a continuous loop, so that the at least three optical filters are moveable by means of the non-circular trajectory of the groove and the rotating element, wherein an alignment element is arranged in the groove for ensuring a proper position of one optical filter in the optical path and the at least three optical filters each comprise an encompassing unit at the outer surface, wherein the rotating element comprises at least one contact surface, and the at least one contact surface of the rotating element is configured to contact at least the encompassing unit of one optical filter and/or two or more optical filters and in case of rotating the rotating element, by this moves each optical filter further along the non-
  • a compact, space-saving filter switching device is provided that is arrangeable within an endoscopic camera head or between the proximal end of an endoscope and the distal end of a camera head. It is especially advantageous that the compact filter switching device comprises at least three or even more optical filters and provides a self-actuating movement of the filters within the switching device by means of the non-circular trajectory of the groove and the rotating element. Consequently, the filter switching device is applicable in different fluorescence imaging modes with a large variety of fluorophores as well as in multi-spectral imaging.
  • the filter switching device comprising a groove with a non-circular trajectory used for the movement of the optical filters into and out of the optical path.
  • the inventive filter switching device uses an explicitly non-circular trajectory for arranging three or more filters in a space-saving, compact design providing their sequential movement into and out of the optical path by rotating the rotating element.
  • the groove with a non-circular trajectory and the rotating element the three or more filters are moved within a single plane.
  • the desired number of filters, as well as their arrangement to each other, can be easily adjusted by the specific form of the groove with the non-circular trajectory for providing the desired observation modes.
  • a “filter switching device” is in particular a device that moves one filter, out of three or more filters, into and out of an optical path.
  • the filter switching device is in particular manually or automatically activated by rotating the rotating element such that, in combination with the non-circular trajectory of the groove of the filter switching device, affects the respective movement of one optical filter or two or more optical filters for switching one filter into or out of the optical path.
  • the filter switching device preferably comprises at least three optical filters and/or allows, when selected, one free passage through the optical path.
  • the free passage may be achieved with an unobstructed path or with a non-filtering window.
  • the non-filtering window may simply be an empty region within a frame, or it may be any non-filtering optical element, such as a glass disc.
  • the non-filtering window may also comprise an anti-reflection coating.
  • An “optical filter” is in particular a device that selects the incident radiation and/or rays to be passed therethrough (or rejected from passing therethrough) based on specific criteria, such as the wavelength, the polarization state and/or the incident angle or direction.
  • the optical filter may also condition the passed illumination, such as converting circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.
  • an optical filter can block a specific spectral wavelength band.
  • the optical filter can be a spectral absorption notch filter and/or a band-stop filter.
  • the optical filter can also be an edge filter or an interference filter.
  • the interference filter comprises in particular a coating which affects a blocking or transmission of the respective light.
  • the optical filter is in particular used as an observation and/or detection filter, fluorescence observation filter or excitation filter.
  • a fluorescence observation filter (also called fluorescence filter) is in particular an optical polychroic interference filter for separating emitted fluorescence light from the applied excitation light.
  • the fluorescence filter blocks the specific fluorescence excitation radiation and lets the fluorescence emission radiation through along the optical path.
  • the fluorescence filter completely blocks the excitation light while it transmits the fluorescence emission light, which usually has a longer wavelength.
  • the optical filter comprises in particular glass and/or a crystalline material.
  • another optical element can be arranged instead in the filter switching device, such as a lens, an aperture, a polarizer or a similar optical element.
  • the groove is arranged in a base plate.
  • the encompassing unit is a frame or a receptacle of a swivel arm each encompassing and/or holding one optical filter.
  • a "ground plate” is in particular a component of the filter switching device on which the swivel arms are pivotally mounted.
  • the ground plate is in particular free of the groove.
  • the ground plate can comprise a recess or a cavity in which the swivel arms are arranged and movable.
  • each swivel arm is rotatable around its individual pivot point fixed to the ground plate and therewith around the axis of rotation, the swivel arms are moveable individually by means of the non-circular trajectory of the groove in the control plate by rotating the control plate.
  • each swivel arm For operating each swivel arm individually and specifically by the control plate, each swivel arm comprises a guidance element, wherein the guidance element is at least partially arranged in the groove, so that, by rotating the control plate, the guidance element is moved at least partially along the non-circular trajectory, affecting a movement of at least one swivel arm by which the respective optical filter, held by the swivel arm, is swiveled in or out of the optical path.
  • each swivel arm interacts, via the guidance element, with the groove inside the control plate, each swivel arm performs an individual swiveling movement during rotation of the control plate due to the non-circular trajectory. Consequently, during rotation of the control plate, all swivel arms carry out different, consecutive movements according to the form of the non-circular trajectory.
  • the "guidance element” is in particular an element that can be at least partially inserted into the groove and is rigidly or releasably connected to the swivel arm.
  • the guidance element of each swivel arm is preferably arranged closer to the receptacle of the swivel arm than to the pivot point of the swivel arm.
  • the exact positioning of the guidance element at each swivel arm depends on the form of the non-circular trajectory of the groove.
  • each guidance element of the swivel arms Due to the subsequent movement of each guidance element of the swivel arms at least partially along the non-circular trajectory of the groove, the respective swivel arm is moved between a start position, at the maximal distance from the aperture of the optical path, and an end position, in which the respective optical filter is located in the optical path.
  • the aperture for the optical path is arranged in the middle of the control plate.
  • the guidance element for example, can be a pin or a bolt.
  • the arrangement of the guidance element "at least partially in the groove” means that the length of the guidance element arranged in the groove does not have to extend through the entire groove depth and therefore the opening of the groove substantially orthogonal to the disc-surface of the control plate.
  • the guidance element can be connected to the swivel arm by a connecting element or a ball bearing.
  • the guidance element can be connected to the swivel arm releasably.
  • a connecting element can be, for example, a screw.
  • the guidance element and the connecting element may be a single element, for example, a threaded post.
  • a connecting element can be any element that allows a releasable connection between the guidance element and the respective swivel arm. Therefore, the connecting element can be an element that provides a form-fitting connection and/or a force-fit connection, such as a tongue and groove connection or a clamping connection.
  • the guidance element can also be supported on the swivel arm by a ball bearing, whereby the mechanical wear caused by moving the guidance element within the groove is reduced.
  • the filter switching device can comprise a motor for driving the rotating element and/or the control plate.
  • the electrical and/or full automatically driving of the rotating element and/or the control plate can be applied instead of, or additionally to, a manual driving.
  • a "motor” is in particular a machine preferably converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.
  • a motor can be, for example, an AC motor and/or an electric stepper motor with a gear.
  • the motor in particular acts directly or indirectly on the rotating element and/or the control plate for affecting the rotation of the rotating element and/or the control plate.
  • the rotating element comprises at least one contact surface, so that, when rotating the rotating element, the at least one contact surface of the rotating element contacts at least the encompassing unit of one optical filter and/or two or more optical filters and moves each optical filter further along the non-circular trajectory in the groove.
  • each optical filter in its respective encompassing unit is moved subsequently to following positions along the non-circular trajectory in the groove.
  • the positions of the optical filters are shifted further along the rotational direction, and further, the optical filters move along the predefined non-circular trajectory of the groove until the selected optical filter is located in the optical path.
  • this position with an aperture of the optical path is arranged between the rotating element and the alignment element.
  • At least one optical filter can be a spectral absorption notch filter.
  • the kind of spectral absorption notch filter can be selected in dependence on the application and/or the desired observation mode.
  • the spectral absorption notch filter can be a PDD observation filter which blocks light with a wavelength of ⁇ 430 nm.
  • the filter switching device can comprise an empty encompassing unit or an intermediate swiveled position for passing light therethrough, along the optical path without optical filtering.
  • a compact minimal filter switching device for at least three applications with three different optical filters, as well as an empty position for white light. Overall, four positions are provided by this minimal filter switching device, with three optical filters.
  • the filter switching device can comprise more than three optical filters.
  • the number of encompassing units and therewith optical filters is only restricted by the diameter of the encompassing unit and the length of the groove.
  • Theoretically, as many encompassing units and therewith optical filters can be arranged in series in direct contact to each other along the non-circular trajectory in the groove as long as the encompassing units are moveable within the groove, and the diameter of the filter apertures is adequate to pass a desired amount of light along the optical path therethrough.
  • swivel arm for example, three swivel arms can each hold an optical filter and, for white light, a swivel arm with an empty receptacle without an optical filter is used.
  • all four swivel arms each hold an optical filter, and consequently four or more intermediate positions where there is no filter along the optical path, can be used for transmitting unfiltered light.
  • the filter switching device can comprise black anodized material and/or plastic material.
  • the filter frames and swivel arms preferably comprise black anodized material and/or a plastic material.
  • the problem is solved by a camera head for an endoscope, wherein the camera head comprises an image sensor, an aperture or window for receiving image light along an optical path, and a lens group for focusing the image light on the image sensor, wherein the camera head comprises at least one filter switching device as described above.
  • a camera head in which a compact, space-saving filter switching device is arranged.
  • the camera head can be releasably connected with different kinds of endoscopes.
  • the camera head comprises two or more filter switching devices in series to a common optical path.
  • the camera head For detecting the currently applied filter configuration and for adjusting it if a different observation mode is desired, the camera head comprises a detection unit for detecting an identification of a respective optical filter in the optical path.
  • image processing and/or a physical identification can be used to detect the respective filter within the optical path.
  • some typical camera parameters can be employed, such as performing a white balance by sun light, analysis of exposure and/or red-green-blue ratio.
  • the nature of the optical filter inserted in the optical path may be determined.
  • Another example involves, in case of a notch or blocking-band filter, observation of the lack of a certain wavelength band in the received signal by which it is possible to identify the optical filter inserted into the optical path.
  • the camera head can comprise a control unit for adjusting a respective optical filter to be along the optical path when an associated optical mode is selected.
  • the problem is solved by a retrofit kit for retrofitting a camera head and/or an endoscope, wherein the retrofit kit comprises at least one filter switching device, wherein the filter switching device is configured as a connector between the endoscope and the camera head, so that the filter switching device is arrangeable between a proximal end of the endoscope and a distal end of the camera head.
  • a retrofit kit (sometimes referred to as an "adapter") is provided with at least one filter switching device which can serve simultaneously as a connector between an already existing endoscope and an existing camera head as well as enabling different observation modes.
  • the retrofit kit can also include two or more filter switching devices which can be arranged in series between the endoscope and the camera head or one filter switching device can be replaced by another filter switching device for enabling different applications and observation filtering options.
  • a filter switcher 101 comprises a filter switcher housing 103.
  • a base plate 111 is arranged and a cavity 105 is located inside the base plate 111.
  • an alignment element 113 is located, such that, by the form of the cavity 105 and of the alignment element 113, a non-circular trajectory is provided along the cavity 105.
  • the non-circular trajectory has a heart-like shape without the lower tip of a heart-shape, and therewith defines a movement direction 119 along this trajectory.
  • a first fluorescence filter 121, a second fluorescence filter 122, a third fluorescence filter 123, a fourth fluorescence filter 124, a fifth fluorescence filter 125, a sixth fluorescence filter 126 and a non-filtering window 127 are located in series along the non-circular trajectory.
  • the respective fluorescence filters 121, 122, 123, 124, 125 and 126 and the non-filtering window 127 are each encompassed by a frame 115, wherein directly adjacent frames 115 of the respective filters 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 and the non-filtering window 127 are in direct contact with each other ( Figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the filter switcher 101 comprises a cogwheel 107 with five contact surfaces 110, wherein three contact surfaces 110 are simultaneously reaching into the cavity 105 when one filter is located along the optical axis.
  • the cogwheel 107 is rotatable around its pivot point 109 clockwise in a rotating direction 117 as well as counter-clockwise.
  • An optical path 129 is arranged in the middle of the base plate 111 between the alignment element 113 and the cogwheel 107.
  • the first fluorescence filter 121 is arranged in an aperture position of the optical path 129.
  • the cogwheel 107 is turned manually in the rotating direction 117. Due to the form of the cogwheel 107 and its contact surfaces 110, by turning the cogwheel 107, the respective contact surface 110 presses against the outer surface of the frame 115 of the second fluorescence filter 122 as well as the respective contact surface 110 on the outer surface of the first fluorescence filter 121 and the respective contact surface 110 on the outer surface of the non-filtering window 127, whereby the non-filtering window 127, the first fluorescence filter 121 and the second fluorescence filter 122 are moved further in the movement direction 119 along the non-circular trajectory.
  • the respective following other fluorescence filters 123, 124, 125 and 126 are likewise moved further in the movement direction 119 along this trajectory due to the direct contact of adjacent frames 115 and the form of the cavity 105.
  • the user of the filter switcher 101 rotates the cogwheel 107 until the desired fluorescence filter 122, 123, 124, 125, 126 or the non-filtering window 127 is moved into the optical path 129 to achieve the desired observation mode.
  • a filter switcher 201 comprises a filter switcher housing 203, wherein, in the filter switcher housing 203, a ground plate 141 is arranged. On the ground plate 141, a first swivel arm 231, a second swivel arm 232, a third swivel arm 233 and a fourth swivel arm 234 are arranged in an essentially rectangular recess 243 surrounded by four side walls 245. Each swivel arm 231, 232, 233 and 234 comprises a rotational axis 241 ( Figure 3 ).
  • each swivel arm 231, 232, 233 and 234 comprises a receptacle 235.
  • an aperture 247 for an optical path 129 is located ( Figures 4 and 5 ).
  • the first swivel arm 231 comprises in its receptacle 235 a first fluorescence filter 121 swiveled into the optical path 129.
  • the second swivel arm 232 comprises in its receptacle 235 a second fluorescence filter 122 and is located in a starting position adjacent to the respective sidewall 245 of the recess 243.
  • the third swivel arm 233 comprises in its receptacle 235 a third fluorescence filter 123 and the fourth swivel arm 234 holds in its receptacle 235 a fourth fluorescence filter 234, wherein the third swivel arm 233 and the fourth swivel arm 234 are likewise in a starting position arranged at the respective sidewall 245 of the recess 243.
  • each swivel arm 231, 232, 233 and 234 comprises each a pin 237 which is connected to the swivel arm each by a screw 239.
  • Each pin 237 of the swivel arms 231, 232, 233, 234 is inserted in a groove 205 of a control plate 211 of the filter switcher 201.
  • the groove 205 has a non-circular trajectory in a heart-like shape (see Figures 4 and 5 ).
  • the appropriate position of the first fluorescence filter 121 of the first swivel arm 231 at the aperture 247 of the optical path 129 is aligned by a minimal distance section 133 of an inner part of the control plate 211 between the groove 205 and the circumference of the aperture 247 (see detail in Figure 4 ).
  • the control plate 211 is moved counter-clockwise in a rotation direction 117, by which the first swivel arm 231 is moved by the rotation of the control plate 211 and therewith by the affected movement of the respective pin 237 from nearest the aperture 247 to its starting position arranged nearest the sidewall 245 of the recess 243.
  • the second fluorescence filter 122 within the second swivel arm 232 is swiveled into the path of the aperture 247 around the optical path 129, wherein the minimal distance section 133 is then arranged between the groove 205 and the swiveled-in outer circumference of the second fluorescence filter 122 as well as the aperture 247.
  • the third swivel arm 233 and the fourth swivel arm 234 remain in the starting positions.
  • the user further turns the control plate 211 in the counter-clockwise rotation direction 117 only partially, such that an unobstructed passage along the optical path 129 is achieved.
  • the first swivel arm 231 is positioned such that first fluorescence filter 121 is positioned along the optical path 129 and within the path of the aperture 247.
  • the first swivel arm 231 is swiveled away from the aperture 247 towards the outside, while simultaneously the second swivel arm 232 is swiveled only partly in the direction of the aperture 247 in the optical path 129, so that, for unfiltered light observation, in this defined intermediate position, the aperture 247 is without any filter.
  • the first swivel arm 231 is now fully returned to its starting position, and the second swivel arm 232 is positioned such that the second fluorescence filter 122 is positioned along the optical path 129 and within the path of the aperture 247.
  • the alternative filter switching devices 101, 201 are arrangeable in a proximal head of an endoscope, in a camera head and/or in between the proximal end of an endoscope and a distal end of a camera head.
  • Figure 7 shows an example of an endoscopic system 300 with an endoscope 361 comprising a shaft 363 and a camera head 351 with a window 353 for receiving image light, a lens group 355 for focusing the image light on an image sensor 357.
  • the endoscope 361 comprises at its proximal end a first connector 371 that is releasably connectable to a first filter switcher 301.
  • the first filter switcher 301 comprises at its proximal end a second connector 373, which is, again releasably connectable to a second filter switcher 401, wherein the second filter switcher 401 comprises at its proximal end a third connector 375 which is releasably connectable to the camera head 351.
  • the first filter switcher 301 and the second filter switcher 401 are arranged in series between the endoscope 361 and the camera head 351 along the optical axis 129.
  • the first filter switcher 301 and the second filter switcher 401 are designed as described above for the filter switchers 101, 201 (for clarity of display, in Figure 7 , only the first fluorescence filter 121 is shown in the optical path 129 inside the first filter switcher 301 and a third fluorescence filter 123 is shown in the second filter switcher 401).
  • a more versatile fluorescence imaging system is provided.
  • filter switchers 101, 201, 301, 401 are provided in a compact space-saving design, which can be arranged flexibly within an endoscope head, a camera head and/or between the endoscope and the camera head.

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Claims (10)

  1. Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) für einen endoskopischen Kamerakopf mit mindestens drei optischen Filtern (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126), umfassend eine Außenoberfläche, mit einem optischen Pfad (129) und einem rotierenden Element (107), wobei das rotierende Element (107) manuell oder motorisch antreibbar ist, und, mittels des rotierenden Elements (107), jeder optische Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) in den optischen Pfad (129) hinein und aus diesem heraus bewegbar ist, und die Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) eine Nut (105) mit einer nicht kreisförmigen Bahn umfasst, wobei die Nut (105) in einer Grundplatte (111) angeordnet ist und die Nut (105) als eine kontinuierliche Schleife ausgebildet ist, sodass die mindestens drei optischen Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) mittels der nicht kreisförmigen Bahn der Nut (105, 205) und des rotierenden Elements (107) bewegbar sind, wobei ein Ausrichtungselement (113) in der Nut (105) angeordnet ist, um eine ordnungsgemäße Position eines optischen Filters (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) in dem optischen Pfad (129) sicherzustellen, und die mindestens drei optischen Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) jeweils eine Umschließungseinheit (115, 235) an der Außenoberfläche umfassen, und das rotierende Element (107) mindestens eine Kontaktoberfläche (110) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Kontaktoberfläche (110) des rotierenden Elements (107) konfiguriert ist, um mindestens die Umschließungseinheit (115) eines optischen Filters und/oder zwei oder mehrere optische Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) zu berühren, und in einem Fall des Rotierens des rotierenden Elements (107) dadurch jeden optischen Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) weiter entlang der nicht kreisförmigen Bahn in der Nut (105) bewegt.
  2. Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umschließungseinheit ein Rahmen (115) ist, der jeweils einen optischen Filter (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) umschließt und/oder hält.
  3. Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) den Motor zum Antreiben des rotierenden Elements (107, 211) umfasst.
  4. Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das rotierende Element ein Zahnrad und/oder ein rotierbarer Drücker ist.
  5. Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausrichtungselement (113) ein Begrenzungselement in der Nut ist.
  6. Kamerakopf (351) für ein Endoskop (361), wobei der Kamerakopf (351) einen Bildsensor (357), eine Blende oder ein Fenster (353) zum Empfangen von Bildlicht entlang eines optischen Pfads (129) und eine Linsengruppe (355) zum Fokussieren des Bildlichts auf den Bildsensor (357) umfasst,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kamerakopf (351) mindestens eine Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst.
  7. Kamerakopf (351) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kamerakopf (351) zwei oder mehr Filterschaltvorrichtungen (101, 301, 401) in Reihe zu einem gemeinsamen optischen Pfad (129) umfasst.
  8. Kamerakopf (351) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kamerakopf (351) eine Erkennungseinheit zum Erkennen einer Identifikation eines jeweiligen optischen Filters (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) in dem optischen Pfad (129) durch Bildverarbeitung und/oder eine physikalische Identifikation umfasst.
  9. Kamerakopf (351) nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kamerakopf (351) eine Steuereinheit zum Einstellen einer Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des rotierenden Elements (107) und eines jeweiligen optischen Filters (121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126) umfasst, der sich entlang des optischen Pfads (129) befindet, wenn ein zugehöriger optischer Modus ausgewählt ist.
  10. Nachrüstsatz zum Nachrüsten eines Kamerakopfes (351) und/oder eines Endoskops (361), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nachrüstsatz mindestens eine Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 umfasst, wobei die Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) als ein Verbindungsstück zwischen dem Endoskop (361) und dem Kamerakopf (351) konfiguriert ist, sodass die Filterschaltvorrichtung (101, 301, 401) zwischen einem proximalen Ende des Endoskops (361) und einem distalen Ende des Kamerakopfs (351) angeordnet werden kann.
EP23209980.4A 2022-11-29 2023-11-15 Filterschaltvorrichtung für einen endoskopischen kamerakopf, kamerakopf und nachrüstsatz zum nachrüsten eines kamerakopfes und/oder eines endoskops Active EP4378371B1 (de)

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US20240176127A1 (en) 2024-05-30

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