EP4366546A1 - Procede hmt de l'amidon de pois - Google Patents
Procede hmt de l'amidon de poisInfo
- Publication number
- EP4366546A1 EP4366546A1 EP22754463.2A EP22754463A EP4366546A1 EP 4366546 A1 EP4366546 A1 EP 4366546A1 EP 22754463 A EP22754463 A EP 22754463A EP 4366546 A1 EP4366546 A1 EP 4366546A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- content
- weight
- sds
- pea starch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/12—Degraded, destructured or non-chemically modified starch, e.g. mechanically, enzymatically or by irradiation; Bleaching of starch
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/05—Mashed or comminuted pulses or legumes; Products made therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT OF FLOUR OR DOUGH FOR BAKING, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS
- A21D2/00—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking
- A21D2/08—Treatment of flour or dough by adding materials thereto before or during baking by adding organic substances
- A21D2/14—Organic oxygen compounds
- A21D2/18—Carbohydrates
- A21D2/186—Starches; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L11/30—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances
- A23L11/31—Removing undesirable substances, e.g. bitter substances by heating without chemical treatment, e.g. steam treatment, cooking
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/212—Starch; Modified starch; Starch derivatives, e.g. esters or ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/716—Glucans
- A61K31/718—Starch or degraded starch, e.g. amylose, amylopectin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/06—Drying; Forming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrothermal process for increasing the slowly digestible fraction content of pea starch. More specifically, this hydrothermal process is a moist heat treatment process, commonly called HMT treatment, after the English term Heat-Moisture Treatment.
- HMT treatment moist heat treatment process
- starch an energy reserve molecule characteristic of plants and the main component of starchy foods ( pasta, flour, potatoes).
- starch molecules dissociate into smaller glucan chains, themselves dissociated into simple glucoses which can be assimilated by the digestive system.
- Starch is mainly a mixture of two homopolymers, amylose and amylopectin, composed of D-glucose units, linked together by ⁇ (1-4) bonds and ⁇ (1- 6) which are at the origin of ramifications in the structure of the molecule.
- Amylose is slightly branched with short branches and has a molecular weight of between 10,000 and 1,000,000 Dalton. The molecule is made up of 100 to 10,000 molecules of glucose.
- Amylopectin is a branched molecule with long branches every 24 to 30 glucose units, via ⁇ (1-6) bonds. Its molecular weight ranges from 1,000,000 to 100,000,000 Dalton and its level of branching is around 5%. The total chain can count 10,000 to 100,000 glucose units.
- Starch is stored in reserve organs and tissues in a granular state, that is to say in the form of semi-crystalline granules.
- This semi-crystalline state is essentially due to amylopectin macromolecules.
- starch granules In the native state, starch granules have a crystallinity rate ranging from 15 to 45% by weight, which essentially depends on the botanical origin and the process used for their extraction.
- the rheological properties of the starch depend on the relative proportion of these two phases and on the swelling volume of the granules.
- the gelatinization range is variable depending on the botanical origin of the starch.
- Amylose-lipid complexes exhibit swelling delays because the association prevents the interaction of amylose with water molecules and temperatures above 90° C. are required to obtain total swelling of the granules (case lipid-complexed amyloma ⁇ s).
- the lowering of the temperature (by cooling) of the starch paste causes gelation or insolubilization of the macromolecules then there is crystallization of these macromolecules.
- This network is formed very quickly, in a few hours, and continues to develop until a few weeks later.
- the association of molecules with each other via hydrogen bridge bonds forming double helices displaces the associated water molecules in the network and causes significant syneresis.
- starch can be classified into three categories, depending on its digestibility: rapidly digestible, slowly digestible, or indigestible.
- Starch which is in a naturally granular/semi-crystalline form, can be converted into “rapidly digestible starch” (acronym Anglo-Saxon “RDS” for Rapid Digestible Starch) after exposure to heat, pressure and/or humidity during food processing.
- RDS Rapid Digestible Starch
- Slowly digestible starch (English acronym "SDS” for Slow Digestible Starch) takes longer to be degraded by digestive enzymes in comparison with RDS because it still has a crystalline structure, and because it is less accessible to digestive enzymes.
- RDS are nutritious carbohydrates because they will release their glucose into the blood much more quickly. Be careful, however, that the nutrient source does not contain too much, which can lead to metabolic syndromes.
- resistant starches As for the so-called resistant starches (Anglo-Saxon acronym "RS” for Resistant Starch), they are assimilable to indigestible fibers (such as corn bran, oat fibers, gums) by the enzymes intestinal.
- indigestible fibers such as corn bran, oat fibers, gums
- total starch is the sum of its three components RDS, SDS and RS.
- SDS have a slower digestion rate than the RDS.
- RS are a fraction of starch that resists enzymatic digestion in the small intestine. These will be fermented in the large intestine and can therefore be considered dietary fibre. The SDS and RS fractions are therefore sources of available glucose. [0047] SDS are found naturally in certain uncooked seeds of cereals such as wheat, rice, barley, rye, corn, in legumes such as peas, fava beans and lentils.
- the SDS content is mainly influenced by the gelatinization of the starch during the food process which will follow.
- This conversion can be minimized by controlling the cooking conditions to limit starch gelatinization.
- the original SDS content in the composition or the food product will depend on the way in which its preparation has been carried out.
- the SDS content of foods is conventionally determined using an in vitro method developed by H. N. ENGLYST and his collaborators (published in 1992 in YEur. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 46, pp. S33-S50).
- This method was developed to simulate the enzymatic digestion that occurs in the small intestine.
- a sample of product or starch is introduced into a tube, in the presence of digestive enzymes, and the release of glucose is measured during 120 minutes of reaction.
- the RDS fraction by measuring the rapidly available glucose (acronym “RAG”), in this case here measuring the glucose released between 0 and 20 minutes;
- the SDS fraction by measuring the slowly available glucose (English acronym “SAG”); in this case here measurement of the glucose released between 20 and 120 minutes;
- Carbohydrate-rich foods containing more than 50% by weight of available carbohydrates from starch, of which at least 40% by weight are SDS, are conventionally considered to be high-SDS foods.
- pea seeds are known for their high starch content (between 55 and 70% by weight of dry matter) and for their low glycemic index (RATNAYAKE et al. "Pea starch, composition, structure and properties - A review”, Starch/Starke, 2002, vol. 54, pp. 217-234).
- Native pea starches having an SDS content typically between 27 and 38% by weight according to ENGLYST, are therefore of interest for nutritional applications.
- Annealing is a term used in polymer science to describe the optimization of crystallization by heating a polymer to a temperature below its melting point, so that it leads to the growth of regions crystals, crystal perfection, and transition to more stable crystal structures.
- the HMT treatment is itself a heat treatment carried out on starch with limited humidity ( ⁇ 35%) at a high temperature (>100° C.) for a certain time.
- the gelatinization temperature of starch is higher than in excess water (Donovan, Biopolymers, 1979, vol. 18 pp. 263-275), and starch can therefore be heated to a temperature above 100°C without causing gelatinization.
- FIG. 1 shows the thermogram of sample 1C.
- FIG. 2 shows the thermogram of sample 1B.
- the invention relates to a method for preparing a legume starch, preferably pea starch, with a high content of slowly digestible fraction (SDS), moist heat treatment method (FIMT) characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- high content of slowly digestible fraction within the meaning of the present invention, is meant an increase in the SDS content of 5 to 25% by dry weight, preferably 10 to 20% by dry weight compared to the starch from which it is prepared.
- leg within the meaning of the present invention, is meant any plant belonging to the families Caesalpiniaceae, Mimosaceae or Papilionaceae and in particular any plant belonging to the family Papilionaceae such as, for example, peas, beans, broad bean, horse bean, lentil, alfalfa, clover or lupine.
- the legume is chosen from the group comprising peas, beans, broad beans and broad beans.
- peas are peas, the term “peas” being considered here in its broadest sense and including in particular:
- Said mutant varieties are in particular those called “r mutants”, “rb mutants”, “rug 3 mutants”, “rug 4 mutants”, “rug 5 mutants” and “lam mutants” as described in the article by HEYDLEY et al. entitled “Developing novel pea starches” Proceedings of the Symposium of the Industrial Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group of the Biochemical Society, 1996, pp. 77-87.
- legumes for example varieties of pea or fava bean
- plants are plants giving seeds containing at least 25%, preferably at least 40%, by weight of starch (dry/dry ).
- starch dry/dry
- legume starch any composition extracted, in any way whatsoever, from a legume and in particular from a papilionaceae, and whose starch content is greater than 40%, preferably greater than 50% and even more preferably greater than 75%, these percentages being expressed by dry weight relative to the dry weight of said composition.
- this starch content is greater than 90% (dry/dry). It may in particular be greater than 95% by weight, including greater than 98% by weight.
- “native” starch is meant a starch which has not undergone any chemical modification.
- the pea starches according to the invention or not are analyzed according to the operating conditions of in vitro digestion of the method of ENGLYST et al. entitled “Classification and measurement of nutritionally important starch fractions”, Eur. J. Clin. Nutri., 1992, vol. 46 (Supp. 2), p. S33-S50.
- the method consists in measuring the rapidly digestible (RDS), slowly digestible (SDS) and non-digestible (resistant) (RS) starch fractions contained in a food. These fractions are determined after enzymatic digestion with pancreatin, amyloglucosidase and invertase.
- the released glucose is measured by colorimetry, using a glucose oxidase kit Glucose GOD FS referenced 1 25009910923, marketed by the company DiaSys Distribution France Sari following the protocol of said kit. [0093] The details of the method used for measuring digestion according to
- ENGLYST is similar to that given by the applicant company in its patent application WO 2021/099747.
- the reagents used Anhydrous sodium acetate (ref: 71184, from SIGMA) - Benzoic acid (ref: 242381, from SIGMA)
- the acetate buffer (0.1 M) was prepared by dissolving 8.203 g of anhydrous sodium acetate in 250 ml of saturated benzoic acid solution, diluting it to 500 ml with RO water, adjusting the pH to 5.2 with 0.1 M acetic acid, again diluting it to 1000 ml with RO water and adding 4 ml of 1 M CaCh per liter of buffer.
- the enzymatic solution was freshly prepared before the experiments.
- Four 50 mL centrifuge tubes were prepared, each containing 2.5 g of porcine pancreatin (8 c USP, P7545, Sigma) and mixed with 20 mL of RO water.
- the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1500 x g.
- a "blank" control was prepared using 20 ml of acetate buffer and 50 mg of guar gum, without sample, while a standard contained 0.5 g of anhydrous glucose and 50 mg of guar gum in 20 ml of acetate buffer solution.
- the guar gum can be predissolved in the acetate buffer, for example, 750 mg of guar gum in 300 ml of acetate buffer. Samples, blank and standard were equilibrated at 37°C in a water bath with shaking for 15 minutes.
- the mixtures of alcoholic solutions were centrifuged at 1500 c g for three minutes.
- RSE ENGLYST method
- RSA AOAC 2002.02
- native pea starch typically has a content:
- the moist heat treatment (HMT) method according to the invention is based on precise hydrothermal control.
- the invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of a legume starch, preferably pea starch, with a high content of slowly digestible fraction (SDS), a hydrothermal treatment process characterized in that it includes the following steps:
- the first step of said process according to the invention consists in adjusting the water content of the native pea starch to a value of less than 35%, preferably between 20 and 30% by weight, even more preferably between 20 and 25% by weight.
- the second step of the process in accordance with the invention consists in heating the starch thus prepared to a temperature of more than 100° C., preferably from 105° C. to 135° C. and for more than 5 hours, preferably for more than 10 hours, and more preferably still for 24 hours,.
- the increase in the SDS content is accompanied by an increase in the RDS content from 10 to 30%.
- these intermediate treatment conditions can make it possible to increase the SDS content, even if of lesser amplitude.
- the third and final step of the process in accordance with the invention then consists of recovering and optionally drying the starch thus treated, as exemplified below.
- the residual moisture content of the dry starch obtained is less than 15% by weight, preferably less than or equal to 12% by weight.
- the Englyst measure of digestibility of these products gives SDS values increased by 5 to 25% by dry weight, preferably 10 to 20% by dry weight relative to the starting starch.
- this SDS value for pea starch is more than 35% by dry weight, preferably between 40 and 50% by dry weight.
- the present invention also relates to a pea starch with a high content of slowly digestible fraction prepared according to one of the processes described above, characterized in that the SDS content is greater than 35% by weight, preferably comprised between 40 and 50% by weight.
- starches with a high SDS content will then be advantageously used in the fields of food applications (intended in particular for athletes) or medical applications (specialized nutrition).
- the invention also relates to the use of a starch according to the invention in the fields of food and medical applications, in particular for the diet of athletes or in specialized nutrition.
- Example 1 Treatment of a first batch of native pea starch having an SDS content of the order of 33%
- the water content of a batch of pea starch (LN 30 pea starch sold by the applicant company) was adjusted to 20, 25 or 30% by stirring in a food processor (Thermomix TM3300, Vorwerk , Germany).
- the samples whose humidity was adjusted were sealed in glass jars and left to equilibrate overnight at room temperature.
- the HMT samples were dried using a fluidized bed dryer (TG200, Retch) at 60° C. to a humidity equal to or less than 12%, and ground using Thermomix TM3300.
- TG200, Retch fluidized bed dryer
- the highest SDS content came from the sample from treatment 3A, followed by that from treatment 1B.
- Treatments 1C and 2B produced the highest RDS because these treatments involved high humidity and/or high temperature.
- the samples from treatments 1C and 2B could have the highest degree of gelatinization, as indicated by their lower enthalpy of gelatinization than that of the other samples and native pea starch (Table 3 below). below).
- the gelatinization properties were analyzed using the DSC 8000 (Perkin Elmer, USA).
- T p 2 was more dominant than T p 1 where the latter appeared as a shoulder.
- Example 2 Treatment of a second batch of native pea starch having an SDS content of the order of 24%
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Pediatric Medicine (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2107379A FR3124926A1 (fr) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Procede hmt de l’amidon de pois |
| PCT/FR2022/051349 WO2023281213A1 (fr) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-05 | Procede hmt de l'amidon de pois |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4366546A1 true EP4366546A1 (fr) | 2024-05-15 |
Family
ID=78332849
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22754463.2A Pending EP4366546A1 (fr) | 2021-07-08 | 2022-07-05 | Procede hmt de l'amidon de pois |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250089747A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4366546A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20240032814A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN117651497A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3223640A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3124926A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023281213A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106174444B (zh) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-10-18 | 华南理工大学 | 湿热处理塔拉胶/淀粉复合物制备缓慢消化淀粉的方法 |
| WO2021099747A1 (fr) | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-27 | Roquette Freres | Procede d'annealing de l'amidon de pois |
| EP4061150A1 (fr) | 2019-11-22 | 2022-09-28 | Roquette Freres | Amidon de legumineuse faiblement digestible |
-
2021
- 2021-07-08 FR FR2107379A patent/FR3124926A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-05 WO PCT/FR2022/051349 patent/WO2023281213A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-05 KR KR1020247000066A patent/KR20240032814A/ko active Pending
- 2022-07-05 CA CA3223640A patent/CA3223640A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-07-05 US US18/577,016 patent/US20250089747A1/en active Pending
- 2022-07-05 EP EP22754463.2A patent/EP4366546A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-07-05 CN CN202280048308.6A patent/CN117651497A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250089747A1 (en) | 2025-03-20 |
| KR20240032814A (ko) | 2024-03-12 |
| WO2023281213A1 (fr) | 2023-01-12 |
| FR3124926A1 (fr) | 2023-01-13 |
| CA3223640A1 (fr) | 2023-01-12 |
| CN117651497A (zh) | 2024-03-05 |
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