EP4364288A1 - Procédé et système de correction de température mesurée de bobinage d'une machine électrique, notamment pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique ou hybride - Google Patents
Procédé et système de correction de température mesurée de bobinage d'une machine électrique, notamment pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique ou hybrideInfo
- Publication number
- EP4364288A1 EP4364288A1 EP22744414.8A EP22744414A EP4364288A1 EP 4364288 A1 EP4364288 A1 EP 4364288A1 EP 22744414 A EP22744414 A EP 22744414A EP 4364288 A1 EP4364288 A1 EP 4364288A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric machine
- temperature
- correction
- measured
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/64—Controlling or determining the temperature of the winding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/005—Calibration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/002—Thermal testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/346—Testing of armature or field windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of rotating electrical machines, and in particular the measurement of the temperature of such machines.
- the temperature probes such as for example negative temperature sensors, called “CTN”
- CTN negative temperature sensors
- the measured temperature values deviate from the actual temperature values at the center of the winding, in particular on dynamic driving profiles. This disparity is reinforced by the presence of contact resistances between the winding wires and the temperature probe far from the core of the winding, as well as by the delay between the measurement and the conduction of heat along the copper wires.
- the rotor does not turn.
- the electric current is no longer alternating between the three phases. All of the current thus generally passes through only one of the three phases, which is therefore the only one to heat up, or in other cases through two of the three phases, which are therefore the only ones to heat up.
- the temperature sensor is positioned opposite one of the three phases in a three-phase machine. If the temperature probe is not opposite the phase supplied with current, the phase opposite which it is positioned remains cold, and the probe therefore does not detect the heating of the machine, which can reach a limit temperature.
- the object of the invention is therefore to improve the temperature measurements of a winding of an electric machine, while guaranteeing the performance of the electric machine and the protection of the electric machine against overheating.
- the present invention relates to a method for correcting a temperature measurement of a winding of an alternating current electric machine, in particular of a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid propulsion, in which one recovers, at each instant, a measured value of the temperature of the winding measured by a temperature probe located on the surface of the winding, a measured value of the speed of rotation of said electric machine measured by a position sensor and a measured value of the rms current flowing through a inverter controlling the electrical machine and measured by a current sensor.
- the measured winding temperature value is corrected as a function of the measured temperature and an estimate of the corrected total heat losses of the electrical machine, the estimate of the corrected total heat losses depending on an estimate of the losses by Joule effect corrected according to a correction of the heat losses due to the reciprocating character of the electric machine and a correction of the heat losses due to the torque and the speed of rotation of the electric machine
- the estimate of the corrected total heat losses of the electrical machine makes it possible to refine a correction of the measured temperature of the winding based solely on an estimate of the heat losses by Joule effect.
- other sources may be the cause of heat loss, such as known physical phenomena deriving from the alternating nature of the electrical machine, such as the skin effect, or eddy currents, or even such as additional losses in the machine, mainly rotor losses and mechanical losses, therefore depending on the speed of rotation of the electric machine and its torque, in particular in the case of a machine cooled by oil injection.
- the correction of the measured temperature of the winding depending on the one hand on the estimation of the total heat losses of the electric machine, and on the other hand depending on the measured temperature of the winding itself makes it possible to manage the importance of the correction applied according to the limit temperature of the machine. Indeed, at low temperature for example, there is a low risk of exceeding this limit temperature, and therefore the application of a large correction has above all the effect of limiting the performance of the electric machine. Taking the measured temperature into account therefore allows better management of the electrical machine, in order to better guarantee its performance without risk of overheating.
- the correction of the heat losses due to the alternating nature of the machine makes it possible to correct the heat losses due to physical phenomena deriving from the alternating nature of the electric machine such as for example the skin effect, and the currents of Loucault. These effects appear especially at high rotational speeds of the machine, and their correction makes it possible to have an estimate of the total heat losses of the electric machine that is more precise at high speeds. Thus, the correction to be made to the measured temperature of the winding is refined.
- the correction of the losses due to the alternating nature of the electric machine comprises the application of a first corrective factor resulting from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench.
- thermocouples are installed at the heart of the winding of the prototypes, which is not possible in an electrical machine installed in a mobile vehicle.
- the first corrective factor is determined as a function of the measured temperature value and the measured rotational speed value of said electrical machine.
- the correction of the losses due to the torque and to the rotational speed of the electric machine comprises the application of a second corrective factor resulting from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench, and determined as a function of the measured value of the speed of rotation of said electric machine and of an estimate of its torque.
- the estimate of the losses by Joule effect is calculated as a function of the rms current and the measured value of the temperature of the winding. [0022] The dependence of these losses on temperature, by the change in electrical resistance as a function of temperature, is therefore taken into account.
- a temperature correction factor is determined from preliminary tests carried out on an electrical machine on a test bench according to the measured temperature of the winding and the estimate of the total corrected heat losses, the estimate of the corrected total heat losses being the product of the estimate of the losses by Joule effect, of the correction of the heat losses due to the alternating nature of the electrical machine and of the correction of the heat losses due to the torque and the rotational speed of the electric machine.
- an intermediate correction value is calculated by adding said correction factor with the measured value of the temperature of the winding.
- a final corrected value can then be calculated by filtering by a discrete state integrator of the intermediate corrected value multiplied by a coefficient.
- the invention relates to a system for correcting the temperature measurement of the winding of an electric machine, in particular of a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid propulsion, comprising a temperature sensor located at the surface of the winding, a position sensor measuring the rotational speed of the electric machine and a current sensor measuring the effective current flowing through an inverter controlling the electric machine.
- the system includes a module configured to determine a temperature correction factor based on the measured temperature of the winding by the temperature sensor and based on an estimate of the corrected total heat losses of the electrical machine made in a module for estimating the corrected total heat losses of the electrical machine.
- the module for estimating the total heat losses of the electric machine is configured to determine the estimate of the corrected total heat losses of the electric machine as a function of the rms current, the value of the measured temperature, the measured rotational speed of the electric machine, and an estimate of the torque delivered by the electric machine, and in which the module for estimating the total heat losses of the electric machine comprises a module for estimating the losses per Joule effect, a module for correcting losses due to the alternating nature of the electric machine, and a module for correcting losses due to the torque and rotational speed of the electric machine.
- the module for correcting losses due to the alternating nature of the electrical machine is configured to determine a first corrective factor for the losses due to the alternating nature of the electrical machine as a function of the measured temperature value and of the value measured rotational speed of said electrical machine.
- the module for correcting losses due to the torque and to the rotational speed of the electric machine is configured to determine a second corrective factor for the losses due to the torque and to the rotational speed of the electric machine as a function of the measured rotational speed value of said electrical machine and an estimate of the torque.
- the module for estimating losses due to the Joule effect is configured to calculate an estimate of the losses by Joule effect as a function of the rms current and the measured value of the temperature of the winding.
- the module for estimating the total heat losses of the electric machine comprises a first multiplier configured to multiply the corrective factors for the losses due to the alternating nature of the electric machine and the losses due to the torque and the speed of rotation of the electrical machine and providing an overall heat loss corrective factor, and a second multiplier configured to multiply the estimated Joule losses and the overall heat loss corrective factor, and providing an estimate of the total heat losses of the electric machine
- the correction module comprises a first adder configured to add the temperature correction factor with the measured winding temperature value and delivering an intermediate corrected value
- the correction module comprises a module for applying a coefficient to the intermediate corrected value and a filter module comprising a discrete state integrator and delivering a final corrected value.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid propulsion comprising at least one electric machine, an inverter, means for controlling the inverter, a system for managing the performance of the electric machine, and a system for correction of the temperature measurement of the winding according to the invention intended to be integrated into the control means of the inverter and configured to deliver to the performance management system of the electric machine a corrected value of the temperature of the winding.
- FIG.l illustrates a three-phase electric machine
- FIG.2 illustrates, schematically, a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid propulsion comprising a winding temperature correction system according to the invention
- FIG.3 shows in detail the winding temperature correction system of [Fig.2];
- FIG.4 represents the module for estimating the total heat losses corrected at the input of the winding temperature correction system of [Fig.3];
- FIG.5 represents an embodiment of a method for correcting the temperature of the winding according to the invention.
- the [Fig.l] illustrates a three-phase electric machine 1 comprising a winding 2 and three current supply phases 3a, 3b and 3c arranged on the coil heads 4 of the winding 2.
- a temperature sensor 5 is arranged on the heads of coils 4 of winding 2, carried by phase 3a of electric machine 1 and measures at each instant the temperature Tmes of winding 2.
- the motor vehicle 6 with electric or hybrid propulsion comprises at least one electric machine 1, an inverter 7 and an inverter control means, comprising software means for control 8 intended to control the inverter 7 of the electric machine 1.
- a position sensor 9 is mounted in the electric machine 1 and makes it possible to measure a rotational speed value w of said electric machine 1.
- a current sensor 10 is mounted in the inverter 7 and makes it possible to measure the effective current Ieff passing through the inverter 7.
- the motor vehicle 6 further comprises a system 11 for correcting the temperature of the winding 2 intended to be integrated into the software 8 making it possible to control the electric machine 1.
- the system 11 delivers a corrected value Tcorr of the temperature of the winding 2.
- the corrected value Tcorr is delivered to a system for managing the performance of the electric machine 1, not shown in the figures, from the inverter control means.
- the software 8 of the inverter control means receives as input the measured temperature Tmes from the temperature sensor 5, the measured value of the rotational speed, or speed, denoted w of the electric machine 1 from the position sensor 9, the effective current Ieff from the current sensor 10, and an estimate of the motor torque C determined in a module 12 for estimating the motor torque according to known methods as a function of electromagnetic data on the input currents of the electric machine 1.
- the system 11 for the temperature correction of the winding 2 receives as input the measured temperature Tmes of the winding 2 on the one hand and an estimate P tot of the total corrected heat losses on the other hand.
- This estimate P tot of the corrected total losses is obtained from a module 13 for estimating the corrected total heat losses illustrated in detail in [Lig.4].
- the module 13 for estimating the corrected total heat losses comprises a module 14 for estimating the losses by Joules effect P j , a module 15 for correcting the heat losses due to the alternating nature of the electric machine 1 and a module 16 for correcting the heat losses due to the torque and rotational speed of the electric machine 1.
- the module 13 for estimating the total corrected heat losses receives as input the measured temperature Tmes of the winding 2, the measured value of the speed of rotation, or regime, denoted w of the electric machine 1, the effective current Ieff, and the estimate of the motor torque C.
- the Joule effect loss estimation module 14 determines an estimate of the Joule effect losses P j as a function of the rms current Ieff and the measured temperature Tmes.
- the dependence of these losses on temperature, by the change in electrical resistance R as a function of temperature, is also taken into account by the following equation:
- the module 15 for correcting heat losses due to the alternating nature of the machine 1 determines a first corrective factor F1 for the heat losses as a function of the measured value of the temperature Tmes of the winding 2 and of the measured value w of the rotational speed of the electric machine 1.
- This first corrective factor F1 comes from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench, and varies according to the measured values Tmes of the temperature of the winding 2 on the one hand, and measured values w of the rotational speed of the electric machine 1 on the other hand.
- the module 16 for correcting heat losses due to the torque and the rotational speed of the electric machine 1 determines a second corrective factor F2 for the heat losses as a function of the measured value w of the rotational speed of the electric machine 1 and the estimate of the torque C.
- This second corrective factor F2 results from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench, and varies according to the estimated values of the torque C and of the measured values w the speed of rotation of the electric machine.
- the table of factors F2 is a function of the torque and the rotational speed, or rpm, of the electric machine 1.
- the speed of rotation is very low, of the order of 0 to 10 revolutions per minute.
- the corrective factor F2 delivered by the module 16 is much higher than in the rest of the rotation speed spectrum of the machine, so as to avoid overheating of the electric machine 1 in the case described previously where the temperature sensor is not placed on the correct phase 3a.
- the corrective factor for low rotational speeds can for example be of the order of fifteen times the corrective factor F2 delivered for higher rotational speeds and around 10 rotations per minute.
- the module 13 for estimating the total corrected heat losses further comprises a first multiplier 17 configured to multiply the first and second corrective factors F1 and F2, and delivering an overall corrective factor F for the heat losses. heat, and a second multiplier 18 configured to multiply the global corrective factor F of the heat losses with the estimate of the losses by Joule effect P j , thus delivering an estimate P tot of the total heat losses of the electrical machine 1.
- the system 11 for correcting the temperature of the winding 2 receives as input the measured temperature Tmes on the one hand and an estimate P tot of the total corrected heat losses on the other hand.
- the system 11 for correcting the temperature of the winding 2 illustrated in detail in [Fig.3], comprises a module 19 for correcting the temperature Tmes measured by the temperature probe 5 delivering a correction factor K1 according to of the estimate P tot of the total heat losses of machine 1 and as a function of the measured temperature Tmes of winding 2.
- the temperature correction factor Kl is taken from prior tests carried out on an electrical machine on a bench test, and varies according to the measured values Tmes of the temperature of the winding 2 on the one hand, and of the estimate P tot of the total heat losses of the machine on the other hand.
- the correction module 19 thus delivers a different measured temperature correction factor Tmes for the same measured temperature value but for two different estimated total loss values.
- the correction module 19 delivers a different measured temperature correction factor Tmes K1 for the same value of estimated total losses but for two different measured temperatures.
- the system 11 for correcting the temperature of the winding 2 further comprises an adder 20 configured to add the value of the measured temperature Tmes with the factor K1 for correcting the measured temperature Tmes, and delivering an intermediate correction value T1.
- the system 11 for correcting the temperature of the winding 2 also comprises a module 21 for applying a coefficient Kp to the input of a filter module 22 comprising a discrete state integrator and delivering a final corrected value Tcorr.
- the final corrected value Tcorr is then looped back and subtracted in the adder 20.
- the coefficient Kp is the gain of the filter applied in the module 22.
- the temperature correction system 11 makes it possible to effectively reset the measured temperature Tmes at the surface of the winding to the actual temperature at the heart of the winding.
- FIG.5 illustrates an example of method 500 implemented by the system represented in [Fig.2].
- the measured temperature value Tmes is recovered of the winding 2, measured by the temperature sensor 5, the rotational speed value w of said electric machine 1 measured by the position sensor 9 and the measurement of the effective current Ieff passing through the inverter 7 measured by the current sensor 10 .
- step 502 the motor torque C delivered by the electric machine 1 is estimated.
- step 503 an estimate of the losses by Joule effect P j is calculated as a function of the effective current Ieff and of the measured temperature Tmes.
- a first factor F1 is determined for correcting the heat losses due to the alternating nature of the electrical machine 1.
- the first corrective factor F1 varies according to the measured value of the temperature Tmes of the winding 2 and the speed of rotation of the electric machine.
- the first corrective factor Fl comes from preliminary tests carried out on an electrical machine on a test bench.
- step 505 a second factor F2 is determined for correcting the heat losses due to the torque and the rotational speed of the electric machine 1.
- the second corrective factor F2 varies according to the value of the rotational speed of the electric machine 1 and the estimate of the torque C.
- the second corrective factor F2 comes from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench.
- step 506 an overall corrective factor F of the heat losses is calculated by multiplying said first and second corrective factors F1, F2 and in step 507, the estimate of the total corrected heat losses is calculated. of the electric machine 1 by multiplying the global corrective factor F with the estimated value of the losses by Joule effect P j calculated in step 503.
- step 508 a correction factor K1 for the temperature Tmes measured by the temperature probe 5 is determined.
- the correction factor Kl varies according to the estimate of the total heat losses of the machine 1 and according to the measured temperature Tmes of the winding 2.
- the temperature correction factor Kl comes from preliminary tests carried out on an electric machine on a test bench.
- an intermediate corrected value T1 is determined by adding said measured temperature correction factor Tmes to the measured temperature value Tmes of winding 2.
- Steps 510 and 511 implement a regulation loop on this intermediate corrected value T1.
- a coefficient Kp is applied to the error on said intermediate corrected value T1 and in step 511, a final corrected value Tcorr is calculated by filtering by a discrete state integrator of the preceding value which is the error multiplied by the gain Kp.
- the transfer function in z of this discrete integrator is of the form:
- T is the sampling period.
- the final corrected value Tcorr is then looped back and subtracted during step 509, from the intermediate corrected value T1.
- thermocouples are installed at the heart of the winding of the prototypes, which is not possible in an electrical machine installed in a motor vehicle.
- the temperature measurement of a winding of an electric machine is improved, approaching the real temperature value at the heart of the winding, while guaranteeing the performance of the electric machine and the protection of the electrical machine against overheating.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2107212A FR3124907B1 (fr) | 2021-07-02 | 2021-07-02 | Procédé et système de correction de température mesurée de bobinage d’une machine électrique, notamment pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique ou hybride |
| PCT/EP2022/068139 WO2023275288A1 (fr) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-06-30 | Procédé et système de correction de température mesurée de bobinage d'une machine électrique, notamment pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique ou hybride |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4364288A1 true EP4364288A1 (fr) | 2024-05-08 |
Family
ID=77821866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22744414.8A Pending EP4364288A1 (fr) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-06-30 | Procédé et système de correction de température mesurée de bobinage d'une machine électrique, notamment pour un véhicule à propulsion électrique ou hybride |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240372500A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4364288A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20240027723A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN117813760A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3124907B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023275288A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7615951B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2009-11-10 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method and system for limiting the operating temperature of an electric motor |
| EP1959532A1 (fr) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-20 | Abb Research Ltd. | Surveillance de la température sans capteur pour un moteur de robot industriel |
| WO2015199176A1 (fr) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Dispositif d'estimation de température d'enroulement de machine électrique tournante et procédé d'estimation de température d'enroulement de machine électrique tournante |
| FR3084219B1 (fr) * | 2018-07-18 | 2020-06-19 | Renault S.A.S | Procede et systeme de correction de temperature mesuree de bobinage d'une machine electrique, notamment pour un vehicule a propulsion electrique ou hybride |
| US11293986B2 (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-04-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | System and method for estimating temperature and heat loss in electric motors |
-
2021
- 2021-07-02 FR FR2107212A patent/FR3124907B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-30 EP EP22744414.8A patent/EP4364288A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-06-30 WO PCT/EP2022/068139 patent/WO2023275288A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-06-30 US US18/576,019 patent/US20240372500A1/en active Pending
- 2022-06-30 KR KR1020247002693A patent/KR20240027723A/ko active Pending
- 2022-06-30 CN CN202280051892.0A patent/CN117813760A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117813760A (zh) | 2024-04-02 |
| FR3124907A1 (fr) | 2023-01-06 |
| KR20240027723A (ko) | 2024-03-04 |
| FR3124907B1 (fr) | 2023-07-14 |
| WO2023275288A1 (fr) | 2023-01-05 |
| US20240372500A1 (en) | 2024-11-07 |
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