EP4350730A1 - Device for immobilising an electrical substation disconnector of an electrical network - Google Patents

Abstract

This device (10) for immobilizing an electrical network substation disconnector (86) comprises a main holding body (12) and means for immobilizing the disconnector (86). The immobilization means comprise a first clamp (14) for anchoring the main holding body (12) on a frame (16) carrying the disconnector (86), fixed to the main holding body (12). They further comprise a second clamp (18) for immobilizing in rotation a shaft (20) driving the disconnector (86) in rotation, also fixed to the main holding body (12).

Description

The present invention relates to a device for immobilizing an electrical substation disconnector of an electrical network for transporting and/or distributing electricity.

Such a disconnector is an electromechanical device making it possible to mechanically separate an electrical circuit and its power supply, while physically ensuring an electrically satisfactory disconnection distance. The objective is in particular to ensure the safety of people working on the isolated part of the electrical network when the disconnector is open or to temporarily condemn a malfunctioning part of the network in order to be able to use the other parts. In practice, when the disconnector is in the closed position, the current passes and the transmission of electricity is ensured; when the disconnector is in the open position with the agreed satisfactory disconnection distance, safety is ensured for intervention on the part of the network thus condemned.

The disconnector must be able to be immobilized, particularly in the open position, to meet current safety standards.

The invention applies more particularly to a disconnector immobilization device comprising a main holding body and means for immobilizing the disconnector.

A first device of this type is for example presented in the patent document WO 2010/089781 A1 . It takes the form of a complex electromechanical mechanism surrounding a rotating drive shaft of the disconnector. It cannot be installed or removed in a simple way and affects the structure of the disconnector itself.

A second device of this type is for example presented in the patent document WO 2018/032304 A1 . It takes the form of a gradual opening and closing mechanism for the gear disconnector. It is much simpler than the previous one, purely mechanical, but not very secure. Furthermore, it cannot simply be installed or removed and affects the structure of the disconnector.

Furthermore, in both cases, it is obvious that the device for immobilizing the disconnector is placed close to the latter, in particular at the bottom of the pole of the disconnector.

There are also pin locking devices, again simple but designed to be placed near and at the base of the disconnectors' poles.

However, these immobilization points close to the disconnectors are often located in high voltage areas, sometimes also at height and accessible only by ladder. It then becomes necessary to more generally electrically isolate an entire part of the electrical substation around the disconnector in order to be able to intervene in disconnection.

It may thus be desired to provide a disconnector immobilization device which makes it possible to overcome at least part of the aforementioned problems and constraints.

• une première pince d'ancrage du corps principal de maintien sur une charpente porteuse du sectionneur, fixée au corps principal de maintien ; et
• une deuxième pince d'immobilisation en rotation d'un arbre d'entraînement en rotation du sectionneur, fixée au corps principal de maintien.

A device is therefore proposed for immobilizing a substation disconnector of an electrical network, comprising a main holding body and means for immobilizing the disconnector, characterized in that the immobilization means comprise:

• a first clamp for anchoring the main holding body on a supporting frame of the disconnector, fixed to the main holding body; And
• a second clamp for immobilizing a rotating drive shaft of the disconnector in rotation, fixed to the main holding body.

Thus, by taking advantage of the fact that any rotating drive shaft of the disconnector to open or close it can extend away from the disconnector itself, in particular downwards and outside any sensitive area requiring a de-energizing neighboring electrical substation elements, a very simple device is proposed, easy to install and remove since it acts using pliers on the supporting architecture and the drive shaft of the disconnector, does not not affecting the structure of the disconnector and its drive shaft and allowing offset from the point of immobilization. It allows the disconnector to be immobilized in the open position, to secure any intervention on the part of the network thus condemned, or in the closed position, to prevent any untimely cut-off in the electrical substation.

• un fond de fixation, notamment par boulonnage, contre un bras porteur de la deuxième pince ;
• deux parois latérales s'étendant en branches de U à partir du fond de fixation ;
• une poulie cylindrique montée libre en rotation entre les deux parois latérales ; et
• des moyens de fixation, notamment par boulonnage, du corps principal de maintien à la poulie cylindrique.

Optionally, an immobilization device according to the invention may comprise an intermediate member for fixing the second immobilization clamp to the main holding body, this intermediate fixing member comprising:

• a fixing base, in particular by bolting, against an arm carrying the second clamp;
• two side walls extending in U-shaped branches from the fixing base;
• a cylindrical pulley mounted freely in rotation between the two side walls; And
• means of fixing, in particular by bolting, the main holding body to the cylindrical pulley.

Also optionally, the second immobilization clamp comprises a fixed jaw and a movable jaw with adjustable clamping slide-mounted in an arm carrying the fixed jaw.

Also optionally, the slide of the movable jaw is mounted in a helical slide connection around a threaded rod internal to the supporting arm of the fixed jaw and with a free end which can be rotated by a crank.

• une manivelle à manchon d'entraînement libre coopérant avec l'extrémité libre de la tige filetée interne au bras porteur de la mâchoire fixe pour l'entraîner en rotation ; et
• un capuchon de remplacement de la manivelle muni de moyens d'entrave à l'accès à la tige filetée pour empêcher de l'entraîner en rotation.

Also optionally, an immobilizer device according to the invention may comprise:

• a crank with a free drive sleeve cooperating with the free end of the threaded rod internal to the supporting arm of the fixed jaw to drive it in rotation; And
• a replacement cap for the crank provided with means to prevent access to the threaded rod to prevent it from rotating.

Also optionally, the crank with a free drive sleeve, or a fixing pin of the crank with a free drive sleeve at the free end of the threaded rod internal to the carrying arm of the fixed jaw, and the cap replacement are mechanically connected, using cords, to the supporting arm of the fixed jaw of the second clamp or, where appropriate, to the intermediate fixing member.

• le capuchon de remplacement comporte une première plaque trouée s'étendant dans un plan orthogonal à l'axe de la tige filetée interne au bras porteur de la mâchoire fixe lorsque le capuchon est disposé en remplacement de la manivelle à manchon d'entraînement libre ;
• le bras porteur de la mâchoire fixe comporte une deuxième plaque trouée s'étendant dans un plan orthogonal à son axe de tige filetée interne ; et
• le dispositif d'immobilisation comporte en outre un élément de fixation, notamment un cadenas, coopérant avec les trous des première et deuxième plaques trouées.

Also optionally:

• the replacement cap comprises a first perforated plate extending in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the threaded rod internal to the supporting arm of the fixed jaw when the cap is arranged to replace the crank with a free drive sleeve;
• the supporting arm of the fixed jaw comprises a second perforated plate extending in a plane orthogonal to its internal threaded rod axis; And
• the immobilization device further comprises a fixing element, in particular a padlock, cooperating with the holes of the first and second perforated plates.

Also optionally, the main holding body comprises a threaded rod fixed by screwing and using at least one nut to the second immobilizing clamp.

Also optionally, the first anchoring clamp takes the form of an earth vice mounted on a cylindrical tube arranged in a sliding pivot connection around the main holding body.

Also optionally, the cylindrical tube on which the earth vice is mounted can be immobilized by nuts on the threaded rod.

• la figure 1 représente schématiquement en vue de face la structure générale d'un dispositif d'immobilisation de sectionneur de poste électrique, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• la figure 2 illustre partiellement le dispositif de la figure 1 dans une première configuration de serrage,
• la figure 3 illustre partiellement le dispositif de la figure 1 dans une deuxième configuration d'immobilisation,
• la figure 4 représente schématiquement en vue de face coupée la structure générale d'un sectionneur de poste électrique avec sa charpente porteuse, tel qu'immobilisé en ouverture par le dispositif de la figure 1,
• la figure 5 représente schématiquement le sectionneur et la charpente porteuse de la figure 4, selon une vue latérale A indiquée sur la figure 4,
• la figure 6 illustre les étapes successives d'un procédé d'ouverture et immobilisation d'un sectionneur de poste électrique à l'aide du dispositif de la figure 1.

The invention will be better understood with the help of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• there figure 1 schematically represents in front view the general structure of an electrical substation disconnector immobilization device, according to one embodiment of the invention,
• there figure 2 partially illustrates the device of the figure 1 in a first clamping configuration,
• there Figure 3 partially illustrates the device of the figure 1 in a second immobilization configuration,
• there Figure 4 schematically represents in a cut front view the general structure of an electrical substation disconnector with its supporting frame, as immobilized in opening by the device of the figure 1 ,
• there Figure 5 schematically represents the disconnector and the supporting framework of the Figure 4 , according to a side view A indicated on the Figure 4 ,
• there Figure 6 illustrates the successive stages of a process for opening and immobilizing an electrical substation disconnector using the device of the figure 1 .

The immobilization device 10 shown schematically in front view on the figure 1 comprises a main holding body 12 which is presented, for example, in the form of a simple threaded rod at the ends of which are provided means for immobilizing a substation disconnector (not illustrated) in the open or closed position.

• une première pince 14 d'ancrage du corps principal de maintien 12 sur une charpente 16 porteuse du sectionneur et avantageusement reliée électriquement au référentiel terrestre de potentiel, cette première pince 14 étant fixée au corps principal de maintien 12, par exemple disposée à une première extrémité 12A de ce corps principal de maintien 12, et
• une deuxième pince 18 d'immobilisation en rotation d'un arbre 20 d'entraînement en rotation du sectionneur, cette deuxième pince 18 étant également fixée au corps principal de maintien 12, par exemple disposée à une deuxième extrémité 12B de ce corps principal de maintien 12.

These means of immobilization include:

• a first clamp 14 for anchoring the main holding body 12 on a framework 16 carrying the disconnector and advantageously electrically connected to the earth potential reference frame, this first clamp 14 being fixed to the main holding body 12, for example arranged at a first end 12A of this main holding body 12, and
• a second clamp 18 for immobilizing in rotation a shaft 20 for driving the disconnector in rotation, this second clamp 18 also being fixed to the main holding body 12, for example arranged at a second end 12B of this main holding body 12.

The function of shaft 20 is to rotate the disconnector to open or close it.

The first anchoring clamp 14 is mounted on a cylindrical tube 22 arranged in a sliding pivot connection around the main holding body 12, in particular at its first end 12A, as indicated respectively by the two arrows F1 and F2 on the figure 1 . When the main holding body 12 is a simple threaded rod, the cylindrical tube 22 can be immobilized in rotation and translation on the latter using nuts 24 at its ends. This allows the adjustment in translation and rotation of the positioning of the first clamp 14 on the frame 16.

In practice, the first clamp 14 can be mounted by bolting onto the cylindrical tube 22. It can take the simple form of an earthing vice, that is to say an electrical earthing clamp with an upright U-shaped 26 in which a stop 28 can be moved in translation between the two branches of the U using a threaded rod 30 manipulated by a crank 32 and itself mounted in a helical slide connection in one of the threaded branches of the upright in U 26. Anchoring is carried out by enclosing the portion of the framework 16 between the stop 28 and the other of the branches of the U-shaped upright 26.

The second immobilization clamp 18 is for example in the form of a fixed jaw 34 and a movable jaw 36 with adjustable tightening mounted in a slide 38 in a supporting arm 40 of the fixed jaw 34, for tightening the drive shaft 20 between the two jaws preventing it from pivoting around its longitudinal axis. The slide 38 is mounted in a helical slide connection around a threaded rod 42 internal to the supporting arm 40 of the fixed jaw 34, for example mounted in a worm screw system. This threaded rod 42 has a free end 44 projecting from the base of the supporting arm 40 so that it can be rotated using a crank 46.

Optionally but advantageously for safety reasons, the crank 46 can be secured and detached from the threaded rod 42. It thus has a free drive sleeve 48, capable of cooperating with the free end 44 to drive it in rotation . In a particularly simple but non-limiting manner, this possibility of joining and uncoupling is materialized by a through hole 50 provided in the free end 44, a similar and corresponding through hole 52 in the base of the drive sleeve 48, as well as a pin 54. To secure the threaded rod 42 and the crank 46, simply insert the free end 44 into the base of the drive sleeve 48, place the through holes 50 and 52 in correspondence, then slide the pin in these holes. To separate the threaded rod 42 and the crank 46, simply remove the pin 54. In the particularly simple embodiment of the figure 1 , the crank 46 further has a crank arm 56 formed of a threaded rod screwed into the sleeve 48 and fixed longitudinally using at least one nut 58.

Optionally but advantageously for safety reasons, the immobilizing device 10 further comprises a cap 60 for replacing the crank 46 provided with means for preventing access to the threaded rod 42 to prevent it from being dragged in rotation. This cap 60 is shaped to completely cover the free end 44 which protrudes from the base of the support arm 40. It can even partially engage in the support arm 40.

The means for hindering the cap 60 comprise a first plate 62 with holes 64 extending in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the threaded rod 42 when the cap 60 is arranged to replace the crank 46. They cooperate with a second plate 66 with holes 68 also extending in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the threaded rod 42 from the supporting arm 40 of the fixed jaw 34. By arranging the cap 60 in place of the crank 46 and placing the hole 64 of its first plate 62 opposite the hole 68 of the second plate 66, it is then possible to fix the assembly and thus hinder access to the threaded rod 42, for example at the using a padlock 70 passing through the holes 64 and 68, so that the immobilization when opening the disconnector is secure.

The second immobilization clamp 18, more precisely its supporting arm 40, is fixed to the second end 12B of the main holding body 12, for example using nuts when the latter is a threaded rod.

• un fond de fixation 74, notamment par boulonnage 76, contre le bras porteur 40 de la deuxième pince d'immobilisation 18, et
• deux parois latérales 78, 80 s'étendant en branches de U parallèles à partir du fond de fixation 74.

In the particular non-limiting example of the figure 1 , this fixing is carried out using an intermediate member 72 configured in a U and comprising:

• a fixing base 74, in particular by bolting 76, against the supporting arm 40 of the second immobilization clamp 18, and
• two side walls 78, 80 extending in parallel U-shaped branches from the fixing base 74.

Furthermore, a cylindrical pulley 82 is mounted freely in rotation between the two side walls 78 and 80, and the second end 12B of the threaded rod 12 forming the main holding body 12 is screwed there and fixed using minus a nut 84. Thus, the second immobilizing clamp 18 is both fixed to the second end 12B of the main holding body 12 and free to rotate around the axis of the pulley 82 as indicated by the arrow F3 on there figure 1 .

In order not to lose the constituent elements of the immobilizing device 10, the crank 46, the pin 54 and the cap 60 and its plate 62 can be mechanically connected, using cords, to the supporting arm 40 of the second clamp 18 or to the intermediate fixing member 72. In the example of the figure 1 , these are the pin 54 and the plate 62 secured to the cap 60 which are connected by cords to the bolting 76 of the intermediate fixing member 72.

There figure 2 illustrates the second immobilization clamp 18, as well as its intermediate fixing member 72 to the main holding body 12, when its two jaws are positioned around the shaft 20 driving the disconnector in rotation and before tightening. The crank 46 is mounted on the threaded rod 42 and held by the pin 54. The tightening of the shaft 20 can be carried out. Note that the cap 60 is not used but remains attached to the assembly by cord.

There Figure 3 illustrates the second immobilization clamp 18, as well as its intermediate fixing member 72 to the main holding body 12, when its two jaws sufficiently tighten the shaft 20 to immobilize the disconnector in the open or closed position. The crank 46 was removed by extracting the pin 54 and replaced by the cap 60. The latter is held in place to prevent any access to the threaded rod 42 thanks to the padlock 70 inserted in the holes 64 and 68 of the plates 62 and 66 Note that pin 54 is not used but remains attached by cord to the assembly.

The installation shown schematically on the Figure 4 illustrates an example of an electrical substation disconnector 86, in the upper part, mounted on a frame 16 itself mounted on a stabilizing base 88.

The framework 16 carrying the disconnector 86 is electrically connected to the earth and has for example a general quadrilateral shape formed of corner posts 90, transverse retaining plates 92 and an upper structure 94 with beams (not detailed because it is well known ) on which the disconnector 86 is mounted.

The disconnector 86 is made up of two symmetrical branches each comprising a conductive side flap 96, intended to be in contact with the conductive side flap of the other branch in closed arrangement of the disconnector 86. These flaps 96 are secured in opening and closing by a mechanism 97 (not detailed because it is well known) for supporting and actuating the disconnector 86. This mechanism 97 is more precisely mounted on the upper structure 94 with beams and on a common shaft 20 for driving the shutters 96 in rotation to control the opening or the closing of the disconnector 86. A series of insulators 98 is for example arranged between the conductive side flap 96 of each branch of the disconnector 86 and the mechanism 97. The drive shaft 20 also extends widely under the upper structure 94 with beams up to the lower part of the frame 16, particularly at eye level.

On this Figure 4 , the disconnector 86 is illustrated in the open position by joint pivoting of its two conductive side flaps 96 driven in rotation by the drive shaft 20. The open position is maintained securely by the immobilizing device 10 arranged in the lower part of the frame 16. The latter is thus anchored by tightening its first clamp 14 (not visible in this figure) on one of the transverse holding plates 92 of the frame 16 and in arrangement immobilization of the disconnector 86 by tightening the drive shaft 20 using its second clamp 18. The clamp 18 is held securely tightened in accordance with the configuration of the Figure 3 , that is to say using the cap 60, the plates 62, 66 (not visible in this figure) and the padlock 70.

There Figure 5 is a side view, in direction A indicated on the Figure 4 , the disconnector 86 and its supporting frame 16. It allows a better visualization of the immobilization device 10 anchored by tightening its first clamp 14 on one of the transverse holding plates 92 of the frame 16 and in immobilization arrangement of the disconnector 86 by tightening the drive shaft 20 using its second clamp 18, the cap 60, the plates 62, 66 and the padlock 70.

A method of opening, or closing, and immobilizing the disconnector 86 will now be detailed with reference to the succession of steps of the Figure 6 .

During a first step 100, the disconnector 86 is opened, or closed, by rotational actuation of the drive shaft 20. This action is done at eye level in the lower part of the frame 16 and the shaft 20, in particular at a good distance from the disconnector 86 itself.

During a following step 102, the immobilization device 10 is approached and placed in the lower part of the frame 16, still at eye level.

During a following step 104, it is fixed to the frame 16 by tightening its first anchor clamp 14, as illustrated in the Figure 5 .

During a following step 106, it is fixed to the lower end of the drive shaft 20 loaded in step 100 by tightening its second immobilizing clamp 18 using the crank 46, as illustrated on the figure 2 .

Finally, during a final step 108, the disconnector 86 is immobilized in the open or closed position, securely by the padlocked cap 60, as illustrated on the figures 3 , 4 And 5 .

It clearly appears that a disconnector immobilization device such as that described above makes it possible to act in a very simple manner, without impact on the structure of the disconnector, while remaining at a distance from any sensitive zone by offset from the immobilization point. . It is easy to install and place on an existing structure.

It should also be noted that the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.

In particular, only one type of disconnector has been considered in the detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. But this is compatible with a large number of types of disconnectors, such as pantograph disconnectors for example. It is sufficient that the disconnector is of the type to be opened or closed by a rotation which can be carried out remotely on a drive shaft.

Likewise, simple embodiments have been described for the main body for holding the immobilization device, its first and second clamps, but many other equivalent configurations can be envisaged from the moment when the holding body is extends securely between the two clamps, where the first clamp allows anchoring on a supporting structural element of the disconnector and where the second clamp allows tightening of the drive shaft requested to open.

It will appear more generally to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above, in light of the teaching which has just been disclosed to him. In the detailed presentation of the invention which is made previously, the terms used should not be interpreted as limiting the invention to the embodiment set out in the present description, but must be interpreted to include all the equivalents for which the prediction is within the reach of those skilled in the art by applying their general knowledge to the implementation of the teaching which has just been disclosed to them.

Claims (10)

Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) of an electrical substation of an electrical network, comprising a main holding body (12) and means for immobilizing the disconnector (86), characterized in that the means of immobilization include: - a first clamp (14) for anchoring the main holding body (12) on a frame (16) carrying the disconnector (86), fixed to the main holding body (12); And - a second clamp (18) for immobilizing in rotation a shaft (20) driving the disconnector (86) in rotation, fixed to the main holding body (12). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 1, comprising an intermediate member (72) for fixing the second immobilizing clamp (18) to the main holding body (12), this intermediate member fixing device (72) comprising: - a fixing base (74), in particular by bolting (76), against a supporting arm (40) of the second clamp (18); - two side walls (78, 80) extending in U-shaped branches from the fixing base (74); - a cylindrical pulley (82) mounted to rotate freely between the two side walls (78, 80); And - means of fixing, in particular by bolting (84), of the main holding body (12) to the cylindrical pulley (82). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 1 or 2, in which the second immobilization clamp (18) comprises a fixed jaw (34) and a movable jaw (36) with adjustable clamping mounted in slide (38) in a support arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 3, in which the slide (38) of the movable jaw (36) is mounted in a helical slide connection around a threaded rod (42) internal to the supporting arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34) and with a free end (44) which can be rotated by a crank (46). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 4, comprising: - a crank (46) with a free drive sleeve (48) cooperating with the free end (44) of the threaded rod (42) internal to the carrying arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34) to drive it in rotation ; And - a cap (60) for replacing the crank (46) provided with means (62, 64) for preventing access to the threaded rod (42) to prevent it from rotating. Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 5, in which the crank (46) with a free drive sleeve (48), or a pin (54) for fixing the crank (46) with free drive sleeve (48) at the free end (44) of the threaded rod (42) internal to the supporting arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34), and the replacement cap (60) are mechanically connected , using cords, to the supporting arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34) of the second clamp (18) or, where appropriate, to the intermediate fixing member (72). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claim 5 or 6, in which: - the replacement cap (60) comprises a first plate (62) with holes (64) extending in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the threaded rod (42) internal to the supporting arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34) ) when the cap (60) is arranged to replace the crank (46) with a free drive sleeve (48); - the supporting arm (40) of the fixed jaw (34) comprises a second plate (66) with holes (68) extending in a plane orthogonal to its internal threaded rod axis (44); And - the immobilizing device (10) further comprises a fixing element, in particular a padlock (70), cooperating with the holes (64, 68) of the first and second perforated plates (62, 66). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the main holding body (12) comprises a threaded rod fixed by screwing and using at minus a nut (84) to the second immobilizing clamp (18). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in which the first anchoring clamp (14) takes the form of an earth vice mounted on a cylindrical tube (22) arranged in sliding pivot connection around the main holding body (12). Device (10) for immobilizing a disconnector (86) according to claims 8 and 9, in which the cylindrical tube (22) on which the earth vice is mounted can be immobilized by nuts (24) on the threaded rod.

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