EP4348282A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nicht-invasiven bestimmen einer batterie sowie batterie-managementsystem - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nicht-invasiven bestimmen einer batterie sowie batterie-managementsystemInfo
- Publication number
- EP4348282A1 EP4348282A1 EP22727255.6A EP22727255A EP4348282A1 EP 4348282 A1 EP4348282 A1 EP 4348282A1 EP 22727255 A EP22727255 A EP 22727255A EP 4348282 A1 EP4348282 A1 EP 4348282A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- time
- period
- relaxation
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for non-invasively determining a battery and a battery management system.
- Non-invasive investigation methods are required to gain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying aging mechanisms of batteries and thus enable design optimization.
- the non-invasive methods for online diagnostics are required to quantify changes in battery parameters such as capacity and impedance. Based on the parameters, the available energy and power can be estimated and potential risks during operation can be identified in good time.
- the impedance of the batteries can be measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) (see Schmitt et al., Journal of Power Sources, vol. 353, pp. 183-194, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.090).
- EIS electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
- a distribution function of time constants (Distribution of Relaxation Times (DRT)) can be determined using EIS measurement data.
- the number of dominant electrochemical processes of LIB and their time constants and polarization contributions were quantified by analyzing the DRT (see for example Hahn et al., Batteries, vol. 5, no. 2, p. 43, 2019, doi: 10.3390/ batteries5020043).
- the changes in the time constants and polarization contributions during the aging of the batteries examined were also reproduced using the DRT.
- a major disadvantage of the EIS is the lack of general availability in online applications, which is why further DRT analyzes are limited to laboratory tests.
- the necessary sinusoidal excitations for an EIS cannot usually be generated in online applications.
- the measurement of the low-frequency impedance requires long measurement times and low signal amplitudes and can therefore not be implemented under operating conditions and with commercially available measurement electronics (cf. Alavi et al., Journal of Power Sources, vol. 288, pp. 345-352, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.099).
- But even under laboratory conditions, maintaining the stationary state and current drift is becoming increasingly critical when measuring lower frequencies (cf. Klotz et al., Electrochimica Acta, vol. 56, no. 24, pp. 8763-8769, 2011, doi : 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.07.096).
- the measurement duration increases sharply and ranges from several hours for frequencies in the millihertz range to several days for frequencies in the micro
- time domain data of current and voltage curves can be evaluated for dynamic battery excitations in order to determine the impedance of the LIB and other battery types.
- Calculating from time-domain data is generally faster than measuring impedance directly, since time-domain excitations involve multiple frequencies being excited simultaneously.
- a higher frequency resolution can also be realized on the basis of time domain data, which is of particular interest with regard to DRT.
- DRT based on frequency domain data
- the problem to be solved is no longer underdetermined.
- Zou et al. Journal of Power Sources, vol. 390, pp. 286-296, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.04.033 gives an overview of the possibilities of calculating the impedance using time domain data.
- Time domain data resulting from pulse measurements can be brought into the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and then the impedance in the frequency domain can be calculated.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- the excitation of a pulse is non-periodic.
- a window function must be used for the transformation, which in turn generates an offset of the signal.
- ESB equivalent circuit diagram
- the DRT has been determined based on the impedance.
- direct measurement of the impedance using EIS is not possible in connection with online applications and, at low frequencies, is extremely time-consuming and subject to inaccuracies, even under laboratory conditions.
- the indirect determination of the impedance (via FFT or ESB) based on the evaluation of time domain data after current or voltage pulses leads to additional inaccuracies and requires an individual definition of a model for different cell chemistries and types (for ESB).
- the document US 2015 / 0 081 237 A1 relates to a hybrid model for determining the state of charge of lithium batteries, which includes both a physical model and an empirical or data-driven model.
- the physical model is an electrochemical model based on the properties and structure of the battery materials and describes dynamic electrochemical reactions.
- the empirical model uses Coulomb counting and a relaxation filter and a Kalman filter for adaptive compensation of the system parameters.
- Document CN 112415415A relates to a battery life diagnostic method based on low temperature ambient measurement.
- the battery life diagnostic method is used to detect a degradation level of a lithium ion battery to be detected and includes the following steps: 1) Cooling the lithium ion Battery; 2) performing an electrochemical I impedance spectroscopy test on the lithium ion battery; 3) acquiring an electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery; 4) calculating the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery using the relaxation time distribution to obtain a polarization distribution diagram of time constants in the interface polarization process; 5) according to the polarization distribution diagram of the time constant of the interface polarization process, correspondingly identifying four interface polarization processes in the battery according to the central time constant; 6) detecting the interface resistance of each interface polarization process; and 7) detecting the degree of attenuation of each interface polarization process of the cathode and the anode of the lithium-ion battery according to the interface resistance and completing the battery life diagnosis.
- the object of the invention is to specify a method and a device for non-invasively determining a battery, with which the battery can be characterized using parameters.
- a method and a device for non-invasively determining a battery according to independent claims 1 and 12 are created for the solution. Furthermore, a battery management system according to independent claim 13 is created. Configurations are the subject of dependent subclaims.
- a method for non-invasively determining or characterizing a battery including: providing a battery; Charging the battery with a constant current having a constant current value for a charging period; Measuring a relaxation behavior of the battery using a measuring device during a relaxation period after the end of charging for a measurement period, with time-resolved voltage measurement values for a battery voltage of the battery being recorded for the duration of the measurement period and the battery being free of a current load or a current load on the battery at most is 5 percent of the constant current value; and determining a distribution function for time constants from the time-resolved recorded voltage measurement values, wherein for peaks of the distribution function a position on the time axis corresponds to a time value of a time constant and an area under the curve to a polarization contribution correspond to one of the time constant associated electrochemical processes in the battery.
- a device for non-invasively determining or characterizing a battery which has a data processing device which is set up to receive time-resolved voltage measurement values for a battery voltage of a battery, the time-resolved voltage measurement values indicating a relaxation behavior of the battery; and measured by a measuring device during a relaxation period after the end of charging the battery with a constant current having a constant current value, for a measuring period during which the battery is free of a current load or a current load on the battery is at most 5 percent of the constant current amounts to.
- the device is set up to determine a distribution function for time constants from the measured voltage values recorded in a time-resolved manner, with a position on the time axis corresponding to a time value of a time constant for peaks in the distribution function and an area under the curve to a polarization contribution of an electrochemical process associated with the time constant match in the battery.
- the measuring device for measuring the time-resolved voltage measurement values indicating the relaxation behavior of the battery can optionally be part of the battery management system or formed separately therefrom.
- the time-resolved voltage measurement values are transmitted from the measuring device to the data processing device in order to be processed by the latter in order to determine the distribution function for the time constants.
- the battery management system can be part of a management system which is assigned to an electric vehicle or a stationary energy store.
- the method and apparatus enable direct determination of the distribution function for the time constants from time domain data for non-invasive characterization or investigation (determination).
- the measurement can include the following: measurement of the relaxation behavior in a first measurement period, with first voltage measurement values being recorded in a time-resolved manner; and measuring the relaxation behavior in a second measurement period, which is within the Relaxation period relates to a later period than the first measurement period, with the second voltage measurement values being recorded in a time-resolved manner; the first measured voltage values with a first time resolution and the second measured voltage values with a second time resolution, which is lower than the first time resolution, being provided for determining the distribution function by means of measured value preprocessing.
- the temporal resolution of the first measured voltage values can correspond to a sampling period of the measuring device.
- the sampling period of the measuring device indicates the time interval between successive measuring points in time-resolved measuring.
- the temporal resolution of the second measured voltage values can correspond to at least ten times the sampling period of the measuring device used for the first measured voltage values.
- the temporal resolution of the second voltage measurement values can be a multiple of the sampling period, for example 10 to 100 times.
- the first measurement period can begin with a beginning of the relaxation period.
- the measurement period can be at least as long as the time value of a maximum time constant.
- the measurement period can be a multiple of the time value of the greatest time constant, for example 2 to 5 times.
- the second measurement period can be at least as long as the time value of the greatest time constant.
- the second measurement period can be a multiple of the time value of the largest time constant, for example 2 to 5 times.
- the measuring period can correspond to at least ten times a time value of the sampling period of the measuring device used in time-resolved measuring.
- the first measurement period can correspond to a multiple of the time value of the sampling period, for example 20 to 100 times.
- a lithium-ion battery can be provided as the battery.
- a vehicle battery that supplies energy to an electric drive in an electric vehicle can be provided as the battery.
- the battery can be provided as a stationary energy store.
- the battery can be charged as part of recharging the vehicle battery.
- the vehicle battery can be recharged at a charging station, for example a charging station.
- the measured voltage values can be recorded in a time-resolved manner by means of a control system of the electric vehicle for the vehicle battery arranged in the electric vehicle.
- the following can also be provided in the method: providing battery model data in a data processing device, which represent a battery model with model parameters and model processes for the battery; providing distribution function data in the data processing device which indicate the determined distribution function for the time constants; Determining an association between the battery model data and the distribution function data and determining battery parameters which indicate at least one of the following battery properties: aging status, a diffusion process in the battery, battery capacity, battery impedance, available battery power and state of charge of the battery.
- the data processing device can be provided by a vehicle management system of the electric vehicle.
- the information relating to the state of the battery obtained as part of the determination of the battery can be taken into account by the vehicle management system when controlling functions of the electric vehicle.
- the data processing device can be formed separately from the electric vehicle, for example in a central server device, to which the measured voltage values recorded in a time-resolved manner are transmitted for processing and evaluation by means of wireless data communication.
- the central server device can be part of a vehicle fleet management system, for example. The method and the device enable the non-invasive determination or characterization of parameters of the battery and the electrochemical processes taking place therein, with changes in the parameters during operation of the battery being able to be understood. The identification of the parameter curves allows conclusions to be drawn about the degradation mechanisms taking place and thus enables the optimization of operating strategies and future battery design.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for measuring a relaxation behavior of a battery
- FIG. 2 shows a graphical representation of a simulated voltage profile of a battery over time
- FIG. 3 shows a graphic representation for comparing a distribution function for time constants (DRT) from EIS and evaluation of the relaxation behavior of the battery; and
- FIG. 4 shows a graphical representation for the development of the DRT from time domain data over aging of the battery.
- DRT time constants
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for determining or characterizing a relaxation behavior of a battery 1 by means of a measuring device 2.
- the measuring device 2 is used to measure a measuring voltage Umeas, which indicates the terminal voltage of the battery 1.
- Ri denotes the internal resistance of the battery
- L/ocv denotes the open circuit voltage of the battery.
- the relaxation behavior of the battery 1 is measured by means of the measuring device 2, with time-resolved voltage measurement values for the battery voltage being recorded.
- a constant current load takes place beforehand.
- Such a load scenario occurs in battery-operated vehicles (electric vehicles), for example in connection with a charging process.
- polarization contributions and time constants for dynamic battery processes can then be determined.
- the DRT is determined by means of a reconstruction of the voltage profile using a series connection of the RC elements 3 .
- the voltage profile is only reconstructed during the relaxation phase. In this phase, the overvoltages built up during the previous constant current load gradually decrease and thus lead to a change in the cell voltage.
- the resulting DRT with peaks 20 is shown in the lower graph.
- the area under a peak in the DRT corresponds to the polarization contribution of an electrochemical process during relaxation in the battery 1 and the position of the peak (position of the maximum) corresponds to the time constant associated with the respective electrochemical process.
- a method for non-invasively determining or characterizing a battery is explained in more detail below.
- the number of RC elements for the reconstruction of the signal must correspond to a multiple of the number of processes.
- ⁇ 20 or more RC elements per decade should be used.
- the known analytical methods for the online parameterization of a corresponding ESB are limited to a few RC elements. Therefore, the least squares method is used to approximate the parameters by means of iterative calculation.
- the pre-charging corresponds to the overvoltage components caused by electrochemical processes.
- the overvoltage components cannot be estimated at all or only very imprecisely during a realistic load profile (e.g. during a driving cycle of an electric vehicle) due to the high dynamics.
- the current load cannot be specified arbitrarily and the overvoltage components can thus be specifically influenced, but is dependent on the application.
- the calculation can also be done using this equation if the cell is relaxed before charging. So that the method can also be used for faster charging methods (e.g. DC fast charging in electric vehicles) or smaller charging strokes, the equation must be expanded so that excitations occurring before charging are also taken into account:
- I Cycie corresponds to the mean value of the current during the load scenario / driving cycle prior to charging. This can be determined from the battery management's continuously running ampere-hour counts. The duration of the load scenario / driving cycle t cycie can also be recorded. t cycie is initialized with zero after the end of the last relaxation phase, the duration of which is >4 T max . If such a relaxation phase is longer than 4 T max ago, an initialization with zero at 4 T max seconds before the start of the charging process is sufficient. By simulating the voltage of the LIB in the e-vehicle in realistic driving cycles (e.g.
- n corresponds to the number of measurement data used to solve the optimization problem.
- the measurement data used are pre-processed. A detailed description of the procedure required for this is given in the following section.
- U sim represents the vector of the modeled voltages:
- the voltage at a certain point in time t is calculated as follows:
- U ok must be calculated according to equation (2) or (3).
- the voltage curve after load drop u meas (t) is evaluated for the derivation of the DRT. Since purely ohmic behavior cannot be modeled using RC elements, the influence of the internal resistance of the cell/battery on the voltage response in the event of a load drop should not be taken into account. Therefore, only stress values that were recorded at least one time step after the load drop should be included in the evaluation.
- the no-load voltage U ocv must be subtracted from the measured voltage values so that only the overvoltages that have developed as a result of dynamic processes are evaluated.
- the last measured voltage value u meas (t max ) corresponds approximately to the open-circuit voltage.
- the necessary minimum duration of the relaxation phase until the resting voltage is approached to less than 5 millivolts must be determined cell-specifically. For large format LIB, the duration ranges from about 1 to about 4 hours. With smaller cells, the necessary duration is shorter.
- Equation (7) is simplified to:
- the number of available measured values in the time domain is higher than the number of RC elements or parameters R k to be determined.
- min ⁇ ] k ) ⁇ is therefore an overdetermined system.
- the overdetermined system of equations (4) is solved with the help of the Tikhonov regularization, whereby in principle other methods can of course also be used.
- the parameters R k are known by solving the optimization problem.
- the DRT can be set up together with the previously defined, characteristic time constants rk (cf. FIG. 2).
- rk characteristic time constants
- Polarization contributions and time constants of the occurring electrochemical processes can be quantified.
- the introduced method also makes it possible to identify processes with very large time constants, such as diffusion processes in the electrodes, and their parameters.
- the specific parameters can be used to adapt the battery/cell model stored in the battery management system (BMS) to the current aging status of the battery during operation.
- BMS battery management system
- the available power of the battery/cell can be predicted more precisely in the online application and changes in the cell dynamics (caused by aging) can be taken into account.
- the processes identified using DRT can be assigned to the individual electrodes.
- correlations between the parameters of the electrode (active surface, active mass, electrode capacity) and the polarization contributions and time constants of the processes can be identified in laboratory tests.
- the changes in the polarization contributions and time constants during operation identified with the method introduced can thus be assigned to the respective electrodes and allow conclusions to be drawn about the aging condition / parameters of the individual electrodes.
- the capacitance of the individual electrodes significantly influences the total capacitance of LIB.
- an estimate of the available total capacity can be made in addition to the power.
- the risk of lithium plating occurring increases.
- the method introduced it is therefore potentially possible to detect an increased risk of lithium plating and the operating limits can be adjusted accordingly (e.g. reducing the maximum permissible charging current).
- the large-format cells frequently used in the automotive motive area and in stationary storage only have very low impedances.
- Excitations in the range of ⁇ 0.1 C in combination with the measurement electronics available in online applications, lead to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of less than 1. But even under laboratory conditions, the SNR becomes a limiting factor when measuring very low frequency ranges due to the correspondingly low suggestions to be selected.
- SNR signal-to-noise ratio
- the stress relaxation after charging an electric vehicle can be evaluated for the presented method.
- the charging rates available today and the associated excitations can be in excess of 1 C and are expected to increase further as fast charging develops.
- the underlying measurement method and the analysis method described can thus be used in current online applications without the installation of improved sensors and leads to an SNR that is improved by a factor of 10 or more.
- Another advantage is the simultaneous excitation of different frequencies in the time domain.
- the impedance for all frequencies must be measured sequentially one after the other. Depending on the setting, how many frequencies are measured per decade, this leads to measurement times of several hours for frequencies > 1 mHz up to several days for frequencies in the microhertz range. Accordingly, the DRT can only be specified for the measured frequency range of the impedance.
- the DRT when evaluating the relaxation with a duration of just over 1 h, the DRT can be determined for frequencies > 1 mHz and for frequencies in the microhertz range with a duration of several hours to one day. The determination of the DRT in the laboratory for low frequencies is thus significantly accelerated and made possible in the first place in online applications.
- the resolution of the underlying time domain data for the DRT is in principle only limited by the sampling rate. With a sampling rate of 1-10 Hz, this leads to a resolution of over 1000 associated measured values per decade for the DRT in the millihertz range. With the EIS, on the other hand, 8 to 16 measured values per decade are usually limited in order to ensure a tolerable measurement duration. In the DRT derived from frequency domain data, fewer processes tend to be identified at low frequencies because some peaks do not emerge due to the poorer resolution of the underlying measurement data. At this point it must be pointed out that in online applications, due to the limited computing and storage capacity, the resolution of the measurement data should be reduced during interpolation. However, 50 or more measured values per decade, which can be used to derive the DRT using time domain data, are still realistic.
- each ESB element is assigned to a physical-chemical process. Changes in the parameters of the ESB elements that occur over time then allow conclusions to be drawn about the influence of aging on the associated processes. A suitable ESB must be determined individually for each cell chemistry and cell format. In addition, the dynamic behavior of the batteries can change significantly with aging and the ESB is therefore no longer suitable for modeling the behavior.
- the technology proposed here for non-invasive determination of the battery is suitable for identifying polarization contributions and time constants of the processes involved, regardless of the battery technology and the condition of the battery.
- processes can be identified and quantified that only occur as the battery ages and that were not known beforehand.
- LIB large-format pouch cell
- the cell was charged with 0.5 C by 20% SOC and then not loaded for four hours. Stress relaxation was recorded for the first 6 seconds at a sampling rate of 2 MHz. The initial sampling rate was chosen to be correspondingly high so that higher-frequency charge transfer processes can also be recorded and the results can be compared with the EIS measurement in this frequency range.
- the sampling rate was reduced to 1 Hz and the voltage was recorded over the remaining 4 hours of the relaxation phase.
- the DRT was derived from the measured stress curve during relaxation. EIS measurements were then carried out. A galvanostatic excitation with an amplitude of 0.05 C was set and the impedance was measured in the range from 50 kHz to 0.5 mHz. The cell temperature was kept constant during the experiment and the state of charge during the relaxation phase corresponded to the state of charge during the EIS. The DRT was then derived using the frequency domain data. Both calculated distributions of the time constants (DRT) are compared in FIG.
- the DRT obtained from time domain data shows a comparatively better resolution of the processes.
- the DRT based on frequency domain data only displays a single process for time constants between 10 and 1000 s.
- the DRT derived from time domain data shows the existence of three different processes.
- time constants that are an order of magnitude higher can be resolved.
- the EIS measurement would take longer than a day.
- the technology proposed here can be used for online diagnosis of the battery in an electric vehicle or in a stationary application, as well as for aging tests in the laboratory.
- the method can be integrated into a battery management system (BMS) without the need for hardware adjustments. Due to the determined polarization contributions and time constants of the diffusion processes, aging mechanisms and changes in the cell dynamics can be recognized in good time and the operating parameters can be optimized accordingly. Since the solid-state diffusion processes depend on the state of charge of the battery or the electrodes, the parameters determined can also be used to determine the state of the battery. In addition, the specific parameters can be used for online parameterization of the battery models stored in the BMS.
- the analysis method can be used to accelerate the duration of investigations into low-frequency processes and their change over aging and to achieve better resolution of the measurement data available for DRT for low-frequency processes. If correspondingly high sampling rates are available, higher-frequency processes, such as charge transfer processes, can also be investigated using the method.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021113456.0A DE102021113456A1 (de) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum nicht-invasiven Bestimmen einer Batterie sowie Batterie-Managementsystem |
| PCT/DE2022/100383 WO2022247991A1 (de) | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nicht-invasiven bestimmen einer batterie sowie batterie-managementsystem |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4348282A1 true EP4348282A1 (de) | 2024-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22727255.6A Pending EP4348282A1 (de) | 2021-05-25 | 2022-05-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nicht-invasiven bestimmen einer batterie sowie batterie-managementsystem |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4348282A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021113456A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022247991A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023001210B4 (de) * | 2023-03-29 | 2024-11-28 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Alterung einer Batterieeinzelzelle sowie Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Batterie |
| US12613286B2 (en) | 2024-01-22 | 2026-04-28 | Garrett Transportation I Inc. | System and method for battery parameter recharacterization |
| DE102024205784B4 (de) | 2024-06-21 | 2026-04-23 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Alterungszustands einer Gerätebatterie anhand eines Spannungsverlaufs während einer Relaxationsphase |
| CN119986404B (zh) * | 2025-04-14 | 2025-07-11 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | 锂电池一致性分选方法、装置、存储介质及计算机设备 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150081237A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-19 | Seeo, Inc | Data driven/physical hybrid model for soc determination in lithium batteries |
| DE102018216518A1 (de) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-03-26 | Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (Rwth) Aachen | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von Batteriezellen |
| CN112415415B (zh) | 2020-11-02 | 2022-02-18 | 同济大学 | 一种基于低温环境测量的电池寿命诊断方法 |
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2021
- 2021-05-25 DE DE102021113456.0A patent/DE102021113456A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-19 EP EP22727255.6A patent/EP4348282A1/de active Pending
- 2022-05-19 WO PCT/DE2022/100383 patent/WO2022247991A1/de not_active Ceased
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| DE102021113456A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
| WO2022247991A1 (de) | 2022-12-01 |
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