EP4342549A1 - Fire damper and damper for controlling a ventilation duct - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling a fire damper installed in an air duct of a ventilation system, preferably in an air duct of a ventilation system designed as an exhaust air duct or as an exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen, wherein the fire damper has a housing (1) having a housing wall and a, preferably Centered on the housing cross-section, it comprises a flap leaf (3) which is pivotably mounted between an open position and a closed position around an axis of rotation (2), and has two opposite flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, preferably made of calcium silicate, the axis of rotation (2) the damper leaf (3) is divided into two damper leaf halves and two opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation (2) are provided to support the damper leaf (3), the fire damper having a directly or indirectly connected to the damper leaf (3) on the outside of the housing ( 1) arranged electric motor drive (4) with at least either a thermally triggerable fuse (6) and / or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, as well as a spring element (22) acting directly or indirectly on the flap leaf (3), preferably a spring element designed as a torsion spring (22), and wherein the drive (4) is connected to an actuating device (7), whereby when tension is applied to the drive (4), the damper blade (3) is actuated by the drive (4) against the restoring force of the spring element (22 ) is pivoted from its closed position into its open position, preferably aligned parallel to the flow direction (8), and is held in the open position and in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device or but as a result of the actuation of an actuating device (7), the flap leaf (3) is pivoted from its open position into its closed position by the spring element (22). In order to specify a method that enables a high number of cycles even with a closing time of 1 to 3 seconds, on the one hand, either the fire damper should have a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) to slow down the closing process, the control device ( 10) when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, a control signal is sent to the braking device (11), so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the braking device (11). in turn braked, pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time or the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, the control device (10) causing a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, for example by it applies a voltage to the drive (4) to temporarily keep the damper blade (3) open and reduces this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the damper blade (3 ) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) is braked from its open position to its closed position within an extended closing time - and on the other hand, either in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and / or as a result of the tripping a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the flap leaf (3) is pivoted by the spring element (22) from its open position into its closed position within a normal closing time, or the fire damper has a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) for slowing down the closing process, the control device (10) when a voltage interruption is detected either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, a control signal is sent to the braking device (11), so that the damper blade (3) is released by the spring element (22 ) is actuated and the flap leaf (3) is in turn braked by the braking device (11) and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, or the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, the control device (10) upon detection a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device causes a braking effect, for example by applying a voltage to the drive (4) to cause the damper blade (3) to be temporarily kept open and this Braking effect, preferably continuously, successively reduced, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) is braked from its open position within an extended closing time is pivoted into its closed position. The invention also relates to a fire damper.

Description

The invention relates to a method for controlling a fire damper installed in an air duct of a ventilation system, preferably in an air duct of a ventilation system designed as an exhaust air duct or as an exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen, wherein the fire damper has a housing having a housing wall and a housing, preferably in the middle Housing cross-section-related, pivotally mounted between an open position and a closed position about an axis of rotation, comprising two opposite flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, preferably made of calcium silicate, the axis of rotation divides the flap leaf into two flap leaf halves and two for supporting the flap leaf Opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation are provided, the fire damper having an electric motor drive connected directly or indirectly to the damper blade and arranged on the outside of the housing with at least either a thermally triggered fuse and/or a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, as well as a directly or indirectly the flap leaf has a spring element acting, preferably a spring element designed as a torsion spring, and the drive has an actuating device is connected, whereby when tension is applied to the drive, the damper blade is pivoted by the drive against the restoring force of the spring element from its closed position into its open position, preferably aligned parallel to the flow direction, and is held in the open position and in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of melting at least one fuse and / or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device or as a result of the actuation of an actuating device the flap leaf is pivoted by the spring element from its open position into its closed position.

Fire dampers known from practice for use in an exhaust and exhaust air duct in a commercial kitchen have a closing time of up to 3 seconds. A valve leaf is usually made of calcium silicate. In this respect, a damper blade, particularly with a larger duct cross-section, can have a not inconsiderable weight. Therefore the drives are usually powerful. The inertia of the damper blade is, for example, a very big challenge for any gearbox in the drive. When starting, the gears must transfer the acceleration forces to the damper blade.

A gearbox is therefore subject to high levels of wear, meaning that a fire damper does not always achieve the required 10,000 closing cycles. The standard requirement for simulating a daily maintenance run is 10,000 cycles. To increase the service life, the gearbox of a drive could be made significantly more stable. However, this would make the construction heavier and also more expensive to implement. An extension of the closing time is not possible because the safety idea of a short closing time is that if there is a deposit of grease in the air duct, the grease does not serve as a fuse and fire is transferred from one side to the other side before the damper blade is closed.

The object of the invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a method that enables a high number of cycles even with a closing time of 1 to 3 seconds.

This task is solved by:
- on the one hand either the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device sends out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device within is pivoted from its open position into its closed position after an extended closing time or the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device bringing about a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to temporarily keep the damper blade open and this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, reduced, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time - and that on the other hand either in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or As a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the damper blade is pivoted by the spring element from its open position into its closed position within a normal closing time or the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device sends out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption is detected either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, so that the damper leaf actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time or but the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device causes a braking effect upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause a temporary Keeping the flap leaf open and this braking effect is reduced, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked from its open position to its closed position within an extended closing time is pivoted.

The normal closing time, i.e. H. The movement of the damper blade from its open position to its closed position can take 1 to 3 seconds. However, a faster closing time is possible. If the damper blade is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position, the closing time is longer.

The control device recognizes whether the voltage interruption occurred, on the one hand, due to the failure of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device or, on the other hand, due to the actuation of the actuating device.

It is possible, for example, for an external voltage source to be provided for a braked displacement of the damper blade from its open position to its closed position. For example, the fire damper can be connected to a voltage network using a cable to maintain functionality. Cables with functional integrity ensure that insulation is maintained over a certain period of time in the event of a fire.

The fire damper can, for example, also have an energy storage device, such as a battery.

Of course, it is also conceivable that when the damper blade is moved from its open position to its closed position, the drive acts as a coil through the spring element and as a result a voltage is induced. In this way, an induction current is generated that can be used, for example, by the braking device. At the same time, the drive represents a resistance to be overcome by the spring element during the induction, so that the pivoting movement of the flap leaf from its open position to its closed position is also braked.

If the voltage interruption results from the failure of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, a quick closing process takes place as before. The temperature increase, for example as a result of a fire, causes the fuse to melt or the thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device triggers because, for example, it outputs a signal to the control device. As a result of the melting of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the drive is de-energized and the damper blade is pivoted from its open position into its closed position by the spring element, as before, within the normal closing time.

If the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sends a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected. The flap leaf is in turn actuated by the spring element, but the flap leaf is again braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time.

If the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device causes a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to temporarily keep the damper blade open. This braking effect, for example the applied voltage, is gradually reduced, preferably continuously. The flap leaf is in turn actuated by the spring element, but the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time. By gradually reducing the applied voltage, it is gradually and gradually reduced. Preferably the reduction is continuous. By gradually reducing the braking effect, it is gradually and gradually reduced.

The fast closing time (normal closing time) is only necessary in the event of a fire and is triggered by the failure of the fuse or by the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device.

During a maintenance run, the voltage interruption is caused by the actuating device. Pivoting the damper blade beyond 90° takes place much more slowly. This significantly extends the closing time. However, since in such a case it is only a maintenance run, the longer closing time is not a problem. However, all components that cause the rotation, such as a gear, are protected. The drive can also have smaller dimensions and can therefore be manufactured more cheaply.

An exhaust air duct is a duct through which air is led directly from a building to the outside. An exhaust air duct first opens into another duct, for example into another line of a ventilation system, before the air is then led outside.

At least one fuse is a thermoelectric triggering device. When a fuse is triggered, for example at a temperature greater than 72 °C, the voltage, i.e. H. the supply voltage of the drive is permanently and irrevocably interrupted.

An actuating device can be a simple switch. By switching, a voltage can be applied or an applied voltage can be interrupted. The actuating device can be arranged on the fire damper itself. But it can also be arranged at a distance from the fire damper, for example in another room.

If the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sending out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, so that the damper leaf actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device within an extended closing time its open position is pivoted into its closed position, and / or the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device causing a braking effect when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, for example by it applies a voltage to the drive to effect a temporary holding open of the flap leaf and reduces this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked is pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, pivoting of the damper blade from its open position into its closed position by controlled braking within an extended closing time is also possible when at least one fuse fuses and/or when a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device is triggered. Such a driving style can be advantageous, for example, with heavy damper blades. Heavy flap blades experience a large mass acceleration. If such flap leaves hit the stop in the closed position without braking, this can lead to the flap leaf breaking and/or damage to the stop, which should be avoided. It can even be the case that a flap leaf springs back a little after hitting a stop, that is, it is shifted back towards the open position and becomes stuck in this position, for example because the intumescent material is already inflating.

If the fire damper has, on the one hand, a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sending out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is actuated by the braking device in turn braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, and on the other hand a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device sends out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, it is advisable if only one common control device and only one common braking device are provided. Of course, two control devices and two braking devices can also be provided.

If the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device brings about a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause the damper blade to be temporarily kept open and this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively , reduced, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, and has a control device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device causes a braking effect upon detection of a voltage interruption as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause the damper blade to be temporarily kept open, this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively , reduced, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, it offers applies if only one common control device is provided. Of course, two control devices can also be provided.

At least one fuse and/or at least one thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device can be designed to act directly on the drive. The drive is then connected directly to the fuse and/or the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device. However, it is also possible for the fuse and/or the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device to be connected to the drive with the interposition of at least one further component or at least one further component. Such a component can also be the control device.

The actuating device can be part of a higher-level control system, preferably the building management system (BMS).

A thermoelectric triggering device with at least one external housing temperature fuse and with at least one internal housing temperature fuse can be used as at least one fuse. If the ambient temperature of, for example, 72 °C is exceeded, the housing outside temperature fuse is triggered. If the temperature inside the housing exceeds 72 °C, the internal housing temperature fuse is triggered. If one of the two temperature fuses trips, the drive's supply voltage is permanently and irrevocably interrupted.

An electric spring return motor comprising the spring element can be used as a drive. In such a configuration, the spring element is integrated directly into the drive or into the housing of the drive.

When a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected and/or when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, the damper blade can move from its open position to its position over the entire pivoting path Closed position, preferably evenly, braked. With uniform braking, the braking effect remains unchanged in every position of the damper blade. However, it is also conceivable that the braking effect increases over the pivoting path. Of course, it is also possible for the braking effect to be reduced again when a certain angular position is reached.

When a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected and/or when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, braking can take place in a braking area which ends before the flap blade reaches the closed position. In such a configuration, the flap leaf is not braked over the entire pivoting path from its open position to its closed position. For example, if the braking range is 20° and the braking range ends 20° before reaching the closed position, the braking range - assuming a pivoting angle of the damper blade of 90° - begins after pivoting the damper blade by 50° and ends at 70°. After passing through the braking area, the braking effect is canceled and the damper blade is pivoted the remaining 20° solely by the spring element.

The braking range can end approximately 10° to 5° before the closed position of the damper blade. With such a procedure, the damper blade is pivoted by the spring element for the remaining 10° to 5° after passing through the braking area.

The invention also relates to a fire damper for use in an air duct of a ventilation system, preferably in an air duct of a ventilation system designed as an exhaust air duct or as an exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen, the fire damper having a housing wall and a housing, preferably centered on the housing cross section , pivotally mounted between an open position and a closed position around an axis of rotation, comprising two opposing flap surfaces, preferably made of calcium silicate, having flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, the axis of rotation dividing the flap leaf into two flap leaf halves and two opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation being provided for supporting the flap leaf, the fire damper having a direct or indirect connection Electric motor drive connected to the flap leaf and arranged on the outside of the housing with at least either a thermally triggerable fuse and / or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device and a spring element acting directly or indirectly on the flap leaf, preferably a spring element designed as a torsion spring, and wherein the drive is connected to an actuating device, whereby when tension is applied to the drive, the flap leaf can be pivoted by the drive against the restoring force of the spring element from its closed position into its open position, preferably aligned parallel to the flow direction, and is held in the open position and in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device or as a result of the actuation of an actuating device, the flap leaf can be displaced from its open position into its closed position by the spring element, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the method claims.

Fire dampers known from practice for use in an exhaust and exhaust air duct in a commercial kitchen have a closing time of up to 3 seconds. A valve leaf is usually made of calcium silicate. In this respect, a damper blade, particularly with a larger duct cross-section, can have a not inconsiderable weight. Therefore the drives are usually powerful. The inertia of the damper blade is, for example, a very big challenge for any gearbox in the drive. When starting, the gears must transfer the acceleration forces to the damper blade.

A gearbox is therefore subject to high levels of wear, meaning that a fire damper does not always achieve the required 10,000 closing cycles. The standard requirement for simulating a daily maintenance run is 10,000 cycles. To increase the service life, the gearbox of a drive could be made significantly more stable. However, this would make the construction heavier and also more expensive to implement. An extension of the closing time is not possible because the safety idea of a short closing time is that if there is a deposit of grease in the air duct, the grease does not serve as a fuse and fire is transferred from one side to the other side before the damper blade is closed.

The object of the invention is to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a fire damper that enables a high number of cycles even with a closing time of 1 to 3 seconds.

This task is solved by:
- on the one hand either the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device sends out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, so that the flap leaf can be actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device within can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position after an extended closing time or the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device bringing about a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to temporarily keep the damper blade open and this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, reduced, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf can be actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, - and that on the other hand either in the event of a voltage interruption, either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the damper blade is pivoted by the spring element from its open position into its closed position within a normal closing time or the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device sends out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption is detected either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, so that the damper leaf can be actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, braked by the braking device or but the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device causes a braking effect upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause a temporary Keeping the flap leaf open and this braking effect is reduced, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf can be actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked from its open position to its closed position within an extended closing time is pivotable.

The normal closing time, i.e. H. the movement of the damper blade from its open position to its closed position can take 1 to 3 seconds. However, a faster closing time is possible. If the damper blade is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position, the closing time is longer.

The control device recognizes whether the voltage interruption occurred, on the one hand, due to the failure of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectric triggering device or, on the other hand, due to the actuation of the actuating device.

It is possible, for example, for an external voltage source to be provided for a braked displacement of the damper blade from its open position to its closed position. For example, the fire damper can be connected to a voltage network using a cable to maintain functionality. Cables with functional integrity ensure that insulation is maintained over a certain period of time in the event of a fire.

The fire damper can, for example, also have an energy storage device, such as a battery.

Of course, it is also conceivable that when the damper blade is moved from its open position to its closed position, the drive acts as a coil through the spring element and as a result a voltage is induced. In this way, an induction current is generated that can be used, for example, by the braking device. At the same time, the drive represents a resistance to be overcome by the spring element during the induction, so that the pivoting movement of the flap leaf from its open position to its closed position is also braked.

If the voltage interruption results from the failure of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, a quick closing process takes place as before. Due to the increase in temperature, for example as a result of a fire, the fuse melts or the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device is triggered, for example because it outputs a signal to the control device. As a result of the melting of the fuse or the triggering of the thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the drive is de-energized and the damper blade is pivoted from its open position into its closed position by the spring element, as before, within the normal closing time.

If the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sends a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected. The flap leaf is in turn actuated by the spring element, but the flap leaf is again braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time.

If the fire damper has a control device to slow down the closing process, the control device will detect a The voltage interruption caused by the actuating device causes a braking effect, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to temporarily keep the damper blade open. This braking effect, for example the applied voltage, is gradually reduced, preferably continuously. The flap leaf is in turn actuated by the spring element, but the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time. By gradually reducing the applied voltage, it is gradually and gradually reduced. Preferably the reduction is continuous. By gradually reducing the braking effect, it is gradually and gradually reduced.

The fast closing time (normal closing time) is only necessary in the event of a fire and is triggered by the failure of the fuse or by triggering the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, which can also be a measuring sensor.

During a maintenance run, the voltage interruption is caused by the actuating device. Pivoting the damper blade beyond 90° takes place much more slowly. This significantly extends the closing time. However, since in such a case it is only a maintenance run, the longer closing time is not a problem. However, all components that cause the rotation, such as a gear, are protected. The drive can also have smaller dimensions and can therefore be manufactured more cheaply.

An exhaust air duct is a duct through which air is led directly from a building to the outside. An exhaust air duct first opens into another duct, for example into another line of a ventilation system, before the air is then led outside.

At least one fuse is a thermoelectric triggering device. When a fuse is triggered For example, at a temperature greater than 72 °C, the voltage, ie the supply voltage, of the drive is permanently and irrevocably interrupted.

An actuating device can be a simple switch. By switching, a voltage can be applied or an applied voltage can be interrupted. The actuating device can be arranged on the fire damper itself. But it can also be arranged at a distance from the fire damper, for example in another room.

If the fire damper has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sending out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device, so that the damper leaf actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, and / or the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device upon detection of a voltage interruption as a result of the melting of at least one A fuse and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device causes a braking effect, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause the damper blade to be temporarily kept open and reducing this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by applying this applied voltage, preferably continuously, successively reduced, so that the damper blade is actuated by the spring element and the damper blade is pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, is also possible when at least one fuse melts and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device Damper blade from its open position by controlled braking within an extended closing time its closed position possible. Such a driving style can be advantageous, for example, with heavy damper blades. Heavy flap blades experience a large mass acceleration. If such flap leaves hit the stop in the closed position without braking, this can lead to the flap leaf breaking and/or damage to the stop, which should be avoided. It can even be the case that a flap leaf springs back a little after hitting a stop, that is, it is shifted back towards the open position and becomes stuck in this position, for example because the intumescent material is already inflating.

If the fire damper has, on the one hand, a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device sending out a control signal to the braking device when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device is detected, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is actuated by the braking device in turn braked within an extended closing time, is pivoted from its open position into its closed position, and on the other hand has a control device and an electrical braking device for slowing down the closing process, the control device upon detection of a voltage interruption as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result of the triggering of one thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device each sends out a control signal to the braking device, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is in turn braked by the braking device and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, it is advisable if only one common control device and only one common braking device is provided. Of course, two control devices and two braking devices can also be provided.

If the fire damper has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device upon detection of a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device causes a braking effect, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to cause the damper blade to be temporarily kept open and reducing this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked from its open position to its closed position within an extended closing time, and has a control device for slowing down the closing process, the control device upon detection of a voltage interruption as a result of the melting of at least one fuse and / or as a result the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device causes a braking effect, for example by applying a voltage to the drive to temporarily keep the damper blade open and reducing this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by gradually reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf is actuated by the spring element and the flap leaf is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, it is advisable if only one common control device is provided. Of course, two control devices can also be provided.

At least one fuse and/or at least one thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device can be designed to act directly on the drive. The drive is then connected directly to the fuse and/or to the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device. However, it is also possible for the fuse and/or the thermoelectrically triggered triggering device to be connected to the drive with the interposition of at least one further component or at least one further component. Such a component can also be the control device.

The actuating device can be part of a higher-level control system, preferably the building management system (BMS). In this case you can use the The building control system (BMS) initiates the pivoting of the damper blade.

At least one fuse can be designed as a thermoelectric triggering device with at least one external housing temperature fuse and at least one internal housing temperature fuse. If the ambient temperature of, for example, 72 °C is exceeded, the housing outside temperature fuse is triggered. If the temperature inside the housing exceeds 72 °C, the internal housing temperature fuse is triggered. If one of the two temperature fuses trips, the drive's supply voltage is permanently and irrevocably interrupted.

The drive can be designed as an electric spring return motor comprising the spring element. In such a configuration, the spring element is integrated directly into the drive or into the housing of the drive.

The control device can be part of the drive. In such a configuration, the control device can be mounted, for example, on the outside of the drive or a possible housing surrounding the drive.

The braking device can be integrated in the drive.

The braking device can be designed as an eddy current brake. An eddy current brake uses the eddy currents caused by magnetic fields in moving metal discs (rotors) or swords for braking. Of course, other electrically actuated braking devices are conceivable.

The control device can be set up in such a way that the flap leaf is braked, preferably evenly, over the entire pivoting path from its open position to its closed position. With uniform braking, the braking effect remains unchanged in every position of the damper blade. However, it is also conceivable that the braking effect increases over the pivoting path. Of course it is also possible that When a certain angular position is reached, the braking effect is reduced again.

Alternatively, the control device can be set up in such a way that braking takes place in a braking range that ends before the flap blade reaches the closed position. In such a configuration, the flap leaf is not braked over the entire pivoting path from its open position to its closed position. For example, if the braking range is 20° and the braking range ends 20° before reaching the closed position, the braking range - assuming a pivoting angle of the damper blade of 90° - begins after pivoting the damper blade by 50° and ends at 70°. After passing through the braking area, the braking effect is canceled and the damper blade is pivoted the remaining 20° solely by the spring element.

The braking range can end approximately 10° to 5° before the closed position of the damper blade. With such a procedure, the damper blade is pivoted by the spring element for the remaining 10° to 5° after passing through the braking area.

Fig. 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Brandschutzklappe mit zwei Schmelzsicherungen, wobei sich das Klappenblatt in seiner Offenstellung befindet,

Fig. 2

eine erfindungsgemäße Brandschutzklappe mit einer Schmelzsicherung, wobei sich das Klappenblatt in seiner Schließstellung befindet, und

Fig. 3

eine vergrößerte Prinzipdarstellung des Übertragungsmechanismus einer erfindungsgemäßen Brandschutzklappe mit zwei Schmelzsicherungen, wobei beispielsweise das Gehäuse und das Klappenblatt nicht dargestellt sind.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings is explained below. Show it:

Fig. 1

a fire damper according to the invention with two fuses, the damper blade being in its open position,

Fig. 2

a fire damper according to the invention with a fuse, the damper blade being in its closed position, and

Fig. 3

an enlarged schematic representation of the transmission mechanism of a fire damper according to the invention with two fuses, for example, the housing and the flap leaf are not shown.

In all figures, identical reference symbols are used for identical or similar components.

The Fig. 1 to 3 show a fire damper according to the invention for use in an air duct, not shown, of a ventilation system. The air duct can be, for example, the exhaust air duct or the exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen of a ventilation system.

The fire damper comprises a housing 1 which has a housing wall and a flap leaf 3 which is mounted centrally on the housing cross-section and is pivotably mounted between an open position and a closed position about an axis of rotation 2 and has two opposite flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, preferably made of calcium silicate .

The axis of rotation 2 divides the flap leaf 3 into two flap leaf halves and two opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation 2 are provided to support the flap leaf 3. The fire damper has an electric motor drive 4 arranged on the outside of the housing 1, which is indirectly connected to the damper blade 3 via a gear 5.

In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 2 only one thermally triggerable fuse 6 is provided, while in the exemplary embodiments according to Fig. 1 and 3 two thermally triggerable fuses 6 are provided, one fuse 6 preferably being arranged on one side of the flap leaf 3 and the other fuse 6 on the other side of the flap leaf 3. Instead of the fuse(s) 6, thermoelectrically triggered triggering devices can also be provided.

Furthermore, a spring element 22 which acts indirectly on the flap leaf 3 is provided. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the drive 4 is designed as an electric spring return motor in which a spring element 22 is already integrated. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the spring element 22 is designed as a spiral spring.

The drive 4 is connected to an actuating device 7. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the actuating device 7 is part of a higher-level control system, for example the building management system (BMS).

When tension is applied to the drive 4, the flap leaf 3 is pivoted by the drive 4 against the restoring force of the spring element 22 from its closed position into its open position aligned parallel to the flow direction 8 and is held in the open position by the drive 4.

If there is a voltage interruption due to the melting of a fuse 6 or if a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device is triggered, the damper blade 3 is pivoted from its open position into its closed position by the spring element 22 within a normal closing time. The closed position is in Fig. 2 shown. Each fuse 6 acts directly on the drive 4, which is indicated by the two connections 9.

In addition, the fire damper has a control device 10 and an electrical braking device 11 to slow down the closing process. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the control device 10 is part of the drive 4. As the figures show, the control device 10 is mounted on the outside of the drive 4. The actuating device 7 is connected to the control device 10 via connections 21.

How Fig. 3 As can be seen, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the braking device 11 is integrated into the drive 4. The braking device 11 is designed, for example, as an eddy current brake. However, the braking effect can also be achieved by other components.

The control device 10 detects whether a voltage interruption has occurred, on the one hand, due to the failure of a fuse 6 or the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device or, on the other hand, due to the actuation of the actuating device 7.

When a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device 7, for example when flipping a switch in the building management system (BMS), via the connections 21 is detected, the control device 10 sends a control signal to the braking device 11. The flap leaf 3 is pivoted by the spring element 22. By the braking device 11 activated by the control signal, the flap leaf 3 is in turn braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time.

In Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a possible embodiment of the transmission of the rotary movement of the drive 4 via the gear 5 to the flap blade 3, for example the housing 1 or the flap blade 3 are not shown. The drive 4 has a gear 12 which meshes with a second gear 13. This second gear 13 sits on a shaft 14 with a third gear 15, the second gear 13 having a smaller diameter than the third gear 15. The third gear 15 in turn meshes with a fourth gear 16. The fourth gear 16 is rotatably attached to the end of a drive axle 17 protruding from the housing 1. At the other end of the drive axle 17, located inside the housing 1, a lever 18 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, which is connected via a swivel joint 19 to a displacement lever 20 acting on the flap blade 3.

How Fig. 3 As can be seen, the spring element 22, designed as a spiral spring, sits on the shaft 14. One end of the spiral spring is attached to the shaft 14, while the other end is attached to a fixed point. The The spiral spring thus generates the restoring torque for closing the flap leaf 3.

Claims (19)

Method for controlling a fire damper installed in an air duct of a ventilation system, preferably in an air duct of a ventilation system designed as an exhaust air duct or as an exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen, wherein the fire damper has a housing (1) having a housing wall and a housing (1), preferably in the middle of the housing cross section related, between an open position and a closed position pivotally mounted around an axis of rotation (2), comprising two opposite flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, preferably made of calcium silicate, the flap leaf (3), the axis of rotation (2) the flap leaf (3 ) divided into two damper leaf halves and two opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation (2) are provided for supporting the damper leaf (3), the fire damper having an electrical one which is directly or indirectly connected to the damper leaf (3) and arranged on the outside of the housing (1). motor drive (4) with at least either a thermally triggerable fuse (6) and/or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, as well as a spring element (22) acting directly or indirectly on the flap leaf (3), preferably a spring element (22) designed as a torsion spring, and wherein the drive (4) is connected to an actuating device (7), whereby when tension is applied to the drive (4), the damper blade (3) is moved out of its closed position by the drive (4) against the restoring force of the spring element (22). is pivoted into its open position, preferably aligned parallel to the flow direction (8), and is held in the open position and in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and / or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device or as a result of the actuation an actuation device (7) the flap leaf (3) is pivoted from its open position into its closed position by the spring element (22), characterized in that - on the one hand either the fire damper has a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) sends out a control signal to the braking device (11) when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) is in turn braked by the braking device (11) and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time or the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) causes a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive (4) to temporarily keep it open of the flap leaf (3) and reduces this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time - and that on the other hand either in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the damper blade (3) is pivoted by the spring element (22) from its open position into its closed position within a normal closing time or the fire damper has a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) for slowing down the closing process, the control device (10) upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device each sends out a control signal to the braking device (11), so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3), braked by the braking device (11), is pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time becomes or but the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) causes a braking effect upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, for example by applies a voltage to the drive (4) to temporarily keep the damper blade (3) open and this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, reduced, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf (3) is actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) is braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time . Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one fuse (6) and/or at least one thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device is/are designed to act directly on the drive (4). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating device (7) is part of a higher-level control system, preferably the building management system (BMS). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a thermoelectric triggering device with at least one external housing temperature fuse and with at least one internal housing temperature fuse is used as at least one fuse (6). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electric spring return motor comprising the spring element (22) is used as the drive (4). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that upon detection of a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) and/or upon detection of a voltage interruption as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the flap leaf (3) is braked, preferably evenly, over the entire pivoting path from its open position to its closed position. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected and/or when a voltage interruption is detected as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, braking occurs takes place in a braking area that ends before the flap blade (3) reaches the closed position. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the braking range ends approximately 10° to 5° before the closed position of the flap leaf (3). Fire protection flap for use in an air duct of a ventilation system, preferably in an air duct of a ventilation system designed as an exhaust air duct or as an exhaust air duct of a commercial kitchen, the fire protection flap having a housing (1) and a housing (1), preferably centered on the housing cross section, between an open position and a closed position, which is pivotably mounted around an axis of rotation (2), and has two opposite flap surfaces connected to one another by a circumferential end face, preferably made of calcium silicate, wherein the axis of rotation (2) divides the flap leaf (3) into two Damper leaf halves are divided and two opposite bearing points forming the axis of rotation (2) are provided for supporting the damper leaf (3), the fire damper having an electric motor drive connected directly or indirectly to the damper leaf (3) and arranged on the outside of the housing (1). 4) with at least either a thermally triggerable fuse (6) and/or a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device and a spring element (22) acting directly or indirectly on the flap leaf (3), preferably a spring element (22) designed as a torsion spring, and wherein the Drive (4) is connected to an actuating device (7), whereby when tension is applied to the drive (4), the damper blade (3) is moved from its closed position into its closed position by the drive (4) against the restoring force of the spring element (22), preferably parallel aligned with the flow direction, can be pivoted in the open position and is held in the open position and in the event of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and / or a thermoelectrically triggered triggering device or as a result of the actuation of an actuating device (7), the damper blade (3) passes through the spring element (22) can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - on the one hand either the fire damper has a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) sends out a control signal to the braking device (11) when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, so that the flap leaf (3) can be actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time by the braking device (11). or the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) causes a braking effect when a voltage interruption caused by the actuating device (7) is detected, for example by applying a voltage to the drive (4) to temporarily keep it open of the flap leaf (3) and reduces this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the flap leaf (3) can be actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) braked and can be pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time, - and that on the other hand either in the event of a voltage interruption, either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, the damper blade (3) is pivoted by the spring element (22) from its open position into its closed position within a normal closing time or the fire damper has a control device (10) and an electrical braking device (11) for slowing down the closing process, the control device (10) upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device each sends a control signal to the braking device (11), so that the flap leaf (3) can be actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf can in turn be braked by the braking device (11) and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time or but the fire damper has a control device (10) for slowing down the closing process, wherein the control device (10) causes a braking effect upon detection of a voltage interruption either as a result of the melting of at least one fuse (6) and/or as a result of the triggering of a thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device, for example by applies a voltage to the drive (4) to temporarily keep the damper blade (3) open and reduces this braking effect, preferably continuously, successively, for example by successively reducing this applied voltage, preferably continuously, so that the damper blade (3) can be actuated by the spring element (22) and the flap leaf (3) can be braked and pivoted from its open position into its closed position within an extended closing time. Fire damper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one fuse (6) and/or at least one thermoelectrically triggerable triggering device is/are designed to act directly on the drive (4). Fire damper according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the actuating device (7) is part of a higher-level control system, preferably the building management system (BMS). Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that at least one fuse (6) is designed as a thermoelectric triggering device with at least one external housing temperature fuse and with at least one internal housing temperature fuse. Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the drive (4) is designed as an electric spring return motor comprising the spring element (22). Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the control device (10) is part of the drive (4). Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the braking device (11) is integrated in the drive (4). Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the braking device (11) is designed as an eddy current brake. Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 16, characterized in that the control device (10) is set up in such a way that the damper blade (3) is braked, preferably uniformly, over the entire pivoting path from its open position to its closed position. Fire damper according to one of claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the control device (10) is set up in such a way that braking takes place in a braking range which ends before the damper blade (3) reaches the closed position. Fire damper according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the braking area ends approximately 10° to 5° before the closed position of the damper leaf (3).

Images