EP4331063A1 - Élément de sécurité et connecteur - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité et connecteur

Info

Publication number
EP4331063A1
EP4331063A1 EP22725821.7A EP22725821A EP4331063A1 EP 4331063 A1 EP4331063 A1 EP 4331063A1 EP 22725821 A EP22725821 A EP 22725821A EP 4331063 A1 EP4331063 A1 EP 4331063A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
connector
limit
limit temperature
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22725821.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marco Weiss
Markus Battisti
Jan-Patrick Schulz
Raphael Hoor
Jonas Daenicke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirschmann Automotive GmbH
Original Assignee
Hirschmann Automotive GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirschmann Automotive GmbH filed Critical Hirschmann Automotive GmbH
Publication of EP4331063A1 publication Critical patent/EP4331063A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639—Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/767—Normally open
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H01R13/7137—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch with thermal interrupter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H01R13/631—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only
    • H01R13/6315—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances for engagement only allowing relative movement between coupling parts, e.g. floating connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/703—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
    • H01R13/7031—Shorting, shunting or bussing of different terminals interrupted or effected on engagement of coupling part, e.g. for ESD protection, line continuity
    • H01R13/7032—Shorting, shunting or bussing of different terminals interrupted or effected on engagement of coupling part, e.g. for ESD protection, line continuity making use of a separate bridging element directly cooperating with the terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/01—Connections using shape memory materials, e.g. shape memory metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security element for an electrical connector and a connector with such a security element.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a safety element for a connector which makes it possible to avoid dangerous malfunctions and prevent the damage associated therewith.
  • a security element for an electrical connector is provided.
  • the security element is designed in such a way that it has an electrically insulating effect below a limit temperature. Furthermore, that is Security element is designed such that this has an electrically conductive effect above the limit temperature.
  • a connector is provided according to the invention, comprising such a security element or a security element developed as described below.
  • the limit temperature is the temperature at which the electrical resistance or the electrical conductivity of the security element changes in such a way that the security element has an electrically conductive effect above the limit temperature. Below the limit temperature, the security element has an electrically insulating effect.
  • the security element is designed in such a way that a plug connector, which has such a security element, has its intended functionality in the sense of providing an electrical connection below the limit temperature.
  • the security element becomes electrically conductive and an intentional malfunction occurs in the connector. This malfunction can be, for example, a short circuit or an electrically measurable malfunction of the connector. This can also trigger a safety function.
  • the insulation resistance of the security element is temperature-dependent. This means that the insulation resistance changes with the temperature of the security element.
  • Security element refers to the security element as a structural unit, regardless of how many components the security element comprises as a whole.
  • the insulation resistance of the security element can, for example, by melting a component or part and / or by change temperature-dependent changes in the material properties (such as changes in electrical conductivity or electrical resistance) of individual components of the security element.
  • a first threshold value of the insulation resistance (R iso ), at which the security element is considered to be electrically conductive within the meaning of the invention, can be 500 k ⁇ , for example. Furthermore, a second threshold value, for example, at 100 k ⁇ .
  • the limit temperature is preferably dimensioned in such a way that the plug connector is not damaged or destroyed even when the limit temperature is reached or exceeded, but rather it remains intact. This is achieved in particular in that the limit temperature only occurs in the hottest zone of the plug connector, in which the security element is at least partially arranged.
  • the security element is a secondary lock, which is preferably designed to lock a first plug-in connection element and a second plug-in connection element of a plug connector to one another.
  • the security element is a secondary lock, which is designed to lock a connector secondarily, ie to provide an additional lock to a primary lock of a connector.
  • the secondary locking can be a component that is separate from the first plug-in connection element and the second plug-in connection element and is designed independently of the first plug-in connection element and the second plug-in connection element of the plug connector the secondary lock can be easily replaced, which may be necessary, for example, after the limit temperature has been exceeded 240°C, more preferably in a range of 220°C to 230°C. This ensures that the limit temperature, which is preferably present only in the hottest zone of the connector, is in a temperature range in which damage to the connector is prevented.
  • the security element is formed from a polymer which is electrically conductive above the limit temperature. This specifies a security element that, due to its material properties, is electrically conductive above the limit temperature,
  • the security element comprises a base body that is made from a polymer that has a melting temperature that corresponds to the limit temperature. This ensures that the base body melts when the limit temperature is reached.
  • the base body of the security element is formed from a polymer which is electrically conductive above the limit temperature. Furthermore, in a further development of the security element, it is provided that the base body comprises at least one bore, the at least one bore accommodating at least one electrically conductive element.
  • the security element is designed such that when the limit temperature is exceeded, the polymer from which the base body is formed melts and the at least one electrically conductive element is exposed, so that the security element has the electrically conductive effect when the limit temperature is exceeded.
  • an electrical contact can be made by the electrically conductive element of the security element, so that the security element has the electrically conductive effect.
  • the security element becomes permanently conductive. If such a security element that has become permanently conductive is installed in a connector, the security function is triggered until the security element is replaced.
  • the at least one electrically conductive element can be formed from a conductive polymer or a metal.
  • two bores are formed in the base body.
  • An electrically conductive element is preferably arranged in each bore.
  • the at least one electrically conductive element can be a pin.
  • the security element comprises an element made of bimetallic material, which is designed to change the electrical resistance and/or the shape as a function of temperature in such a way that it has an electrically insulating effect below a limit temperature and one above the limit temperature has an electrically conductive effect.
  • this can be a reversible safety element that is electrically conductive when the temperature limit is exceeded and is electrically insulating when the temperature falls below the limit temperature again.
  • this can be a reusable security element that exceeds and/or falls below the
  • the security element has an element made of a shape memory alloy that changes its shape above the limit temperature, so that the security element has the electrically conductive effect when the limit temperature is exceeded.
  • an electrically conductive effect can also be reliably produced in an overhead position or in other cases in which the function of a security element could possibly be restricted.
  • the security element is a shape memory element, which is preferably a 3D
  • the pressure element is designed in such a way that it changes its shape above the limit temperature, so that the security element has the electrically conductive effect when the limit temperature is exceeded. In this way, shapes can be realized that cannot be realized with other manufacturing processes. Furthermore, as described above, an electrically conductive effect can be reliably produced due to the possibility of changing the shape even in an overhead position or in other cases in which the function of a security element could possibly be restricted.
  • the connector is an HV
  • Connector high-voltage connector
  • “High voltage” within the meaning of the invention relates to alternating voltages (AC) from 30 V to 1 kV or direct voltages (DC) from 60 V to 1.5 kV. This specifies a connector that meets the requirements of modern vehicle systems such as battery electric vehicles (BEV) or plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV).
  • BEV battery electric vehicles
  • PHEV plug-in hybrid vehicles
  • the plug connector has a first plug-in connection element and a second plug-in connection element.
  • the security element can be designed as a secondary lock in order to lock the first plug-in connection element and the second plug-in connection element to one another.
  • the plug connector preferably also has a primary locking.
  • the security element when the connector is in a secondary locked state, the security element is arranged in the hottest zone of the connector and has an electrically conductive effect above the limit temperature, so that a planned malfunction of the connector occurs above the limit temperature.
  • a second environmental parameter such as the air humidity influences the electrical conductivity or the electrical resistance of the security element.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic side view of a security element according to the invention of a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 a schematic sectional representation of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 a schematic sectional representation of a device according to the invention
  • Figure 4 a schematic perspective sectional view of a second plug connection element and a security element according to the invention of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic partial sectional representation of the connector according to the invention with the security element according to the invention of the second embodiment
  • Figure 6 a schematic perspective partial sectional view of the connector according to the invention with the security element according to the invention of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a security element 10 according to the invention in a first embodiment.
  • the security element 10 according to the invention is a security element 10 for an electrical connector 100.
  • the security element 10 is designed in such a way that it has an electrically insulating effect below a limit temperature T limit having.
  • the security element 10 is also designed in such a way that it has an electrically conductive effect above the limit temperature T Limit .
  • a part of the security element 10 is preferably arranged in a state in which it is installed in the electrical connector in a hottest zone H of the electrical connector 100 .
  • the security element 10 according to FIG. 1 is a secondary lock.
  • a secondary lock is preferably designed to lock a first plug connection element 110 and a second plug connection element 120 of the plug connector 100 together.
  • the limit temperature T limit is preferably in a range from 200°C to 250°C, more preferably in a range from 210°C to 240°C, in particular in a range from 220°C to 230°C.
  • the security element 10 according to FIG. 1 has a base body 10' which is made of a polymer. It can be provided that the polymer is electrically conductive above the limit temperature T Limit .
  • the security element 10 can comprise a base body 10′ which is made from a polymer which has a melting point which corresponds to the limit temperature T Limit . The result of this is that the base body melts when the limit temperature is exceeded and conductive elements of the security element are exposed, so that an electrical contact is produced as a result.
  • the security element 10 has two webs 16 which are used to lock the first plug connection element 110 and the second plug connection element 120 of the plug connector 100 .
  • a distal end 16E of the webs 16 extends in such a way that they are arranged in the hottest zone H of the electrical plug connector 100 .
  • the security element 10 has at least one guide element 18, which is used to guide and correctly position the security element 10 in the connector 100 or in the first connector element 110 and the second connector element 120 of the connector 100 is used.
  • the security element 10 has at least one latching surface, which is used to latch the security element in the connector 100 or in the first plug-in connection element 110 and the second plug-in connection element 120 of the plug connector 100 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a security element 10 according to the invention in a second embodiment.
  • the second embodiment is based on the security element 10 of the first embodiment, with only the differences from the first embodiment of the security element 10 being described in addition in the following.
  • the base body 10 ′ comprises at least one bore 12 .
  • the bore 12 accommodates an electrically conductive element 14 .
  • the security element 10 is designed in such a way that when the limit temperature T limit is exceeded , the polymer from which the base body 10' is formed melts and the at least one electrically conductive element 14 is exposed, so that the security element 10 has the electrically conductive effect when the limit temperature is exceeded T limit has.
  • the conductive element is preferably designed as a pin 14 and, as shown in FIG , the polymer from which the base body 10' is formed melts and the at least one pin 14, In particular, the distal ends 14e of the pin 14 are exposed, so that the security element 10, the electrically conductive effect when the
  • each pin 14 is pressed into the respective bore of the base body 10'.
  • two bores 12 are formed in the base body 10′ and in each of the bores 12 an electrically conductive element, preferably a pin 14, is formed.
  • the bores 12 are each formed in the webs 16 which are used to lock the first plug-in connection element 110 and the second plug-in connection element 120 of the plug connector 100 .
  • the at least one bore 12 is preferably designed as a blind hole or as a blind bore so that it is only open on one side, so that the at least one electrically conductive element 14 can be pressed in through the opening.
  • the electrically conductive element 14 In the pressed-in state, the electrically conductive element 14 is surrounded by a uniformly thick material layer of the base body 10' and only the opening through which the conductive element 14 was pressed remains open.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a security element 10 according to the invention in a third embodiment.
  • the third embodiment is based on the security element 10 of the second embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment of the security element 10 being described in addition.
  • the electrically conductive element 14 is designed in such a way that it has a plurality of distal ends 14E, with each distal end 14E being associated with a bore 12 .
  • the electrically conductive element 14 thus engages in all bores 12 . If the limit temperature T limit is exceeded , the polymer from which the base body 10' is formed melts and the electrically conductive element 14, in particular the distal ends 14e of the electrically conductive element 14, are exposed, so that the security element 10 has the electrically conductive effect when it is exceeded has the limit temperature T limit .
  • a short circuit can occur, for example,
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective sectional illustration of a second plug connection element 120 and a security element 10 according to the invention of the second embodiment.
  • a security element 10 of another embodiment it is also possible for a security element 10 of another embodiment to be used.
  • the second plug connection element 120 of the plug connector 100 has two electrical contact partners 122, 124.
  • the hottest zone H of the electrical connector 100 is located in the region of these electrical contact partners 122, 124.
  • a web 18 of the security element 10 is assigned to each of these electrical contact partners 122, 124. If one of the electrical contact partners 122, 124 has an impermissibly high temperature in the form of a If the limit temperature T limit is exceeded , the polymer of the respective web 16 melts and electrical contact occurs. This triggers a measurable malfunction, which can be detected so that it can be determined that the limit temperature T limit in the connector 100 has been exceeded.
  • the connector according to FIGS. 4 to 6 is preferably a high-voltage connector (HV connector).
  • HV connector high-voltage connector
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic partial sectional representation of the connector 100 according to the invention with the security element 10 according to the invention of the second embodiment.
  • a security element 10 of another embodiment it is also possible for a security element 10 of another embodiment to be used.
  • the connector 100 has a first connector element 110 and the second connector element 120 already described with reference to FIG.
  • the security element 100 is designed as a secondary lock in order to lock the first plug-in connection element 110 and the second plug-in connection element 120 to one another,
  • FIG. 5 shows the connector 100 in a secondary locked state.
  • the security element 10 designed as a secondary lock is arranged as an intermediate element between the first plug connection element 110 and the second plug connection element 120 for locking the first plug connection element 110 and the second plug connection element 120 .
  • the security element 10 is arranged in the hottest zone H of the connector 100 and has an electrically conductive effect above the limit temperature T limit , so that a planned malfunction of the connector 100 occurs above the limit temperature T limit .
  • the security element 10 has the guide element 18 .
  • this guide element 18 is designed as a guide groove.
  • the guide groove can have a T-shaped cross section.
  • the second plug-in connection element 120 has a counter-guide element 128 .
  • this counter-guide element 128 is designed as a guide web.
  • the guide web can have a T-shaped cross section.
  • guide element 18 and counter-guide element 128 are designed in such a way that security element 10 is guided by guide element 18 and counter-guide element 128 in relation to second plug-in connection element 120 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic perspective partial sectional view of the connector according to the invention, which is already shown in FIG. 5, with the security element according to the invention of the second embodiment.
  • a security element 10 of another embodiment is used.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

Élément de sécurité (10) pour un connecteur électrique (100), cet élément de sécurité (10) étant conçu de telle sorte qu'il présente un effet d'isolation électrique au-dessous d'une température limite (Tlimite), et ledit élément de sécurité (10) étant conçu de telle sorte qu'il présente un effet de conduction électrique au-dessus de la température limite (Tlimite).
EP22725821.7A 2021-04-26 2022-04-26 Élément de sécurité et connecteur Pending EP4331063A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021110613 2021-04-26
PCT/EP2022/061105 WO2022229221A1 (fr) 2021-04-26 2022-04-26 Élément de sécurité et connecteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4331063A1 true EP4331063A1 (fr) 2024-03-06

Family

ID=81850376

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22725821.7A Pending EP4331063A1 (fr) 2021-04-26 2022-04-26 Élément de sécurité et connecteur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240145993A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4331063A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117203864A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022110070A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022229221A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015004808B3 (de) * 2015-03-23 2016-07-28 Harting Electric Gmbh & Co. Kg Modularer Steckverbinder
GB2546492A (en) * 2016-01-19 2017-07-26 Mpe Ip Ltd Varistors
US10148034B2 (en) * 2016-08-01 2018-12-04 Te Connectivity Corporation Arcless power connector
DE102018215879B4 (de) * 2018-09-18 2021-06-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Steckverbindung mit Redundanz sowie Fahrzeug mit einer solchen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240145993A1 (en) 2024-05-02
CN117203864A (zh) 2023-12-08
DE102022110070A1 (de) 2022-10-27
WO2022229221A1 (fr) 2022-11-03

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