EP4330628A1 - Vorbereiten von kartendaten zur effizienten weiterverarbeitung - Google Patents
Vorbereiten von kartendaten zur effizienten weiterverarbeitungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4330628A1 EP4330628A1 EP22720640.6A EP22720640A EP4330628A1 EP 4330628 A1 EP4330628 A1 EP 4330628A1 EP 22720640 A EP22720640 A EP 22720640A EP 4330628 A1 EP4330628 A1 EP 4330628A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- segment
- map data
- track
- segments
- combined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004573 interface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
- G01C21/3804—Creation or updating of map data
- G01C21/3807—Creation or updating of map data characterised by the type of data
- G01C21/3815—Road data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/38—Electronic maps specially adapted for navigation; Updating thereof
- G01C21/3863—Structures of map data
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for preparing map data.
- the present invention further relates to a system for autonomous or semi-autonomous driving of a vehicle, as well as a method and a computer program product.
- Modern vehicles have a variety of sensors (radar, lidar, camera, ultrasound, etc.) that provide information to a vehicle operator or a vehicle's control system.
- the environment of the vehicle and objects in this environment are detected via such environment sensors.
- a model of the vehicle environment can be generated and changes in this vehicle environment can be reacted to.
- a driving function of the vehicle can be carried out partially or fully autonomously.
- map data means, in particular, previously known information about lanes, lanes on these lanes and about objects in the surrounding area. This map data is then used as a basis for short and medium-term route planning, but also as a starting point for controlling a driving or driving assistance function.
- the data formats used for the map data are often based on specified standards. Such standardization has advantages in terms of interchangeability, but can lead to an increase in the data volume required for the map data and to greater complexity in the arithmetic operations to be carried out.
- a particular challenge lies in the preparation of the data in relation to a specific evaluation or use. Due to the fact that different operations (for example route planning, environment recognition, etc.) are to be made possible based on the same standardized data format, it is often necessary to use a fine-grained data structure necessary. This often leads to a large amount of data and places comparatively high demands on the processing hardware and/or software.
- map data can be used in which a network of traffic routes is built up from adjacent segments of lane sections. There are several track sections in each segment. The segmentation is based on places where tracks are merged or split. Such a segmentation can lead to a large number of segments, which in turn can necessitate a complex calculation if the map data is to be used in short or medium-term route planning, in particular in connection with environmental sensor data. This is particularly relevant when high-frequency calculations or activations of a driving function, i.e. calculations or activations with a high update rate, are to be carried out.
- high-resolution map data can be in Open Drive format.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an approach for preparing map data that simplifies the further processing of the map data in an activation of a driving or driver assistance function.
- the data should be prepared in such a way that further data processing can be carried out in an efficient manner.
- the present invention relates in a first aspect to a device for preparing map data with: an input interface for receiving map data with information on a network of lanes for road users, the network being constructed from adjacent segments of lane sections and at least some of the segments each comprise a plurality of track sections, and it being defined for at least some of the track sections in which track section of an adjacent segment the respective track section is continued; an analysis unit for recognizing a lane closure segment having a closed lane portion which is not continued in an adjacent neighboring segment based on the map data; a combining unit for generating a combined segment from the recognized segment and the neighboring segment, the combined segment comprising a combined track section which is continued in a plurality of track sections of the neighboring segment; a network unit for generating prepared map data based on the combined segments; and an output unit for outputting the prepared map data to a processor unit of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle.
- the present invention relates to a system for the autonomous or semi-autonomous driving of a vehicle with: a device according to one of the preceding claims; and a processor unit for controlling a driving or driver assistance function of the vehicle based on an evaluation of the prepared map data.
- aspects of the invention relate to a method designed according to the device for preparing map data and a computer program product with program code for carrying out the steps of the method when the program code is executed on a computer.
- one aspect of the invention relates to a storage medium on which a computer program is stored which, when executed on a computer, causes the method described herein to be carried out.
- map data is received that includes a network of lanes for road users.
- the network is off contiguous segments. However, some of the segments are not continued in adjacent neighboring segments.
- track sections that arise within a segment or end within a segment. In most cases, these track sections correspond to combinations of tracks or also track splits, for example at junctions. Situations in which, for example, a single lane leads to a further lane and a turning lane, therefore lead to a segment in which a turning lane is created, so to speak.
- the various lane sections can be assigned to different road users, for example vehicles and pedestrians. In each segment there are several track sections that are not connected to each other. In particular, there are no connections between the track sections within a segment.
- end-of-track segments are recognized, ie segments containing the track sections that are not continued in adjacent neighboring segments.
- a track end segment is a segment in which at least one track section ends or begins. The segment therefore has more connection points on one side than on the other side. This can be due in particular to the fact that two tracks are merged within the segment or a track is divided. In other words, lane junctions or lane junctions are recognized. Then a merging of multiple segments is made by treating track merges and splits separately. Compared to direct processing of the map data, this significantly reduces the number of segments. This enables more efficient further processing, in particular in a processor unit for controlling a driving or driver assistance function of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle.
- the prepared map data enables a faster reaction to changing environmental circumstances. Precisely when rapid further processing or further processing with a high update rate is necessary, an efficiency gain can be achieved by using the prepared map data. On the one hand, the requirements the hardware used is reduced. On the other hand, the update frequency can be increased.
- the input interface is designed to receive map data with an assignment of the lanes to classes of road users.
- the device then includes a separating unit for separating the segments that are assigned to different classes of road users.
- the analysis unit is designed to recognize the end-of-track segment in the separated segments.
- the segments are separated in particular using or based on the classes.
- new segments separated by classes are generated from segments that contain traces of different classes. For example, two new segments are created from a segment that contains traces of two classes.
- the detection of the end-of-track segments is then continued within the separated segments.
- the analysis unit is designed to recognize the end-of-track segment based on an analysis of a segment and segments adjacent to this segment.
- a context ie an area surrounding the currently analyzed segment, can be considered when recognizing the end-of-track segment.
- adjacent segments are evaluated and a check is made as to whether or not there are traces in them. A reliable detection of lane end segments is made possible.
- the analysis unit is designed to recognize the end-of-track segment based on an analysis of the track sections in one segment and the track sections in segments adjacent to this segment. Additionally or alternatively, an analysis of track sections in the segment under consideration or in adjacent segments can be undertaken. Further context is considered insofar as to enable reliable detection of the lane closure segment.
- the network unit is designed to assign a piece of identification information that is unique to a combined segment for each connection of a track section in the combined segment to an adjacent segment. Separate unique identification information is assigned to each connection in the generated data. Each connection within a segment therefore has unique identification information. In contrast to an identification of the tracks, which does not differentiate according to connections, a clear identification of each individual connection can be achieved. In the further processing of the prepared card data, this results in a further increase in efficiency, since this information has already been prepared.
- the input interface is designed to receive the card data from a central office.
- the map data can be received via a mobile data connection.
- the input interface for receiving the map data is designed in an open drive format.
- the up-to-dateness of the map data can be guaranteed by the transmission of current map data from a central office. Changes can be reacted to quickly. It is also possible for several road users to collect constantly updated data using a cloud approach, which is then transmitted back to the participants. An up-to-date database is guaranteed.
- the Open Drive format is an open format specification for describing the logic of a road network. In particular, different layers are defined that contain the individual roads, segments and lanes. Interoperability can be achieved by using a standardized format as map data. In addition, access can be made to a larger and/or existing database.
- the network unit is designed to generate the combined track section based on an application of a geometric function.
- a polynomial curve is generated and an interpolation between further lanes is used in order to generate the combined lane section based thereon.
- the track sections within a segment are generated by polynomial generation and/or connected to one another by interpolation so as to generate map data with mapped lane merges or lane splits.
- the device is designed to periodically prepare and provide the prepared map data with a first update frequency.
- the processor unit is designed to control the driving or driver assistance function with a second update frequency that is higher than the first update frequency.
- the driving or driver assistance function is activated faster than new prepared map data is made available. Comparatively complex preparation of the map data means that the driving or driver assistance function of the vehicle can be activated quickly, i.e. with a high update rate.
- map data is understood to mean a representation of an environment or an area with regard to roads, cycle paths, footpaths, etc.
- Map data can be in any format.
- a segment of track sections is a section of an area in which at least one track section is located.
- a lane section is part of a lane for a road user.
- a lane section can be, for example, a section or part of a road or sidewalk.
- a section of a road comprises at least two lane sections, one for each direction.
- a lane end segment is a segment in which there is at least one lane section that is not continued in an adjacent segment.
- a track end segment includes, in particular, a merging of tracks or a separation of a track. In the segments, the individual tracks are not connected. Tracks can only be connected at segment boundaries.
- An autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle is a vehicle in which a computer unit provides at least part of a driving function.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system according to the invention for autonomous or semi-autonomous driving of a vehicle
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for preparing map data
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a system 10 according to the invention for driving a vehicle 12 autonomously or partially autonomously.
- the system 10 includes a device 14 for preparing map data and a processor unit 16 for controlling a driving or driver assistance function of the vehicle 12.
- the system 10 is integrated into the vehicle 12.
- the representation is to be understood as a lateral sectional view of the vehicle 12 on a roadway.
- a central office 18 is shown in FIG. 1, which can be embodied, for example, as a cloud server for transmitting map data to the device 14 .
- FIG. 1 shows an environment sensor 20 which is attached to the vehicle 12 and is connected to the processor unit 16 , and another vehicle 22 which is located on the roadway in front of the vehicle 12 .
- the environment sensor 20 can be a radar or lidar sensor, for example.
- the vehicle 12 is an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle, with the processor unit 16 executing a driving function or a driver assistance function.
- the processor unit 16 can plan a short and medium-term route execute and control the vehicle.
- map data is usually updated regularly or called up regularly in updated form from a central office.
- a mobile data connection can be used for this purpose.
- the map data can be received in an Open Drive format, which represents a standard format for map data and is based on a hierarchical, layered structure.
- Open Drive format represents a standard format for map data and is based on a hierarchical, layered structure.
- a lane in which a vehicle or another road user is currently located is defined by specifying the lane, a segment in which this lane is located, and a road to which the segment is assigned.
- individual tracks are not connected to one another within a segment.
- lanes are merged or separated, for example in the case of a narrowing or widening of the lane, closed lane sections result.
- the segment therefore has more connections on one side than on the other.
- the data can only be used to a limited extent directly in route planning.
- there are high demands on the processor performance during processing since comparatively complex calculations have to be carried out due to the large number of segments.
- the preparation enables more efficient further processing, so that the driving or driver assistance function can be actuated by the processor unit 16 with a higher frequency or higher update rate.
- This causes a quick reaction to changes in the surroundings of the vehicle 12, such as a braking operation of the other vehicle 22, which is detected by means of the surroundings sensor 20.
- the vehicle 12 can perform a lane change when the other vehicle 22 brakes unexpectedly. This improves driving comfort.
- dangers for everyone involved are reduced.
- 2 schematically shows a device 14 according to the invention for preparing the map data.
- the device 14 includes an input interface 24, an analysis unit 26, a combination unit 28, a network unit 30 and an output unit 32. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the device 14 also includes an (optional) separation unit 34.
- the units and interfaces can be partial or be fully implemented in software and/or hardware. In particular, the units can be designed as processors, processor modules or also as software for a processor.
- the device 14 can in particular be designed in the form of a control device or a central computer of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle or as software for such a control device or such a central computer.
- the map data can be present in particular in the open drive format, but also in another standardized format.
- the map data can be received, for example, via a mobile communication connection from an Internet server or from a local memory.
- the map data includes information about a network of lanes for different road users such as vehicles and pedestrians.
- the network is made up of segments. Each segment includes at least one track section. A track section is directed, i.e. defined in its direction. A segment can, for example, comprise four lane sections, one lane section for vehicles in each direction and one lane section for pedestrians in each direction. In a segment it is defined in which track section of an adjacent segment the track section is continued.
- a track end segment is a segment with a closed track section.
- a completed track section is a track section that is not continued in an adjacent segment (Neighbor segment).
- a track section ends or begins within a track closure segment. This can be the case if a track split or merge occurs within the segment. In the received map data this track splitting or merging is not shown. It is therefore only defined that there is a track section that is not continued in an adjacent segment. It is not defined how road users continue their way in this lane.
- adjacent segments in particular can be taken into account, or also track sections in adjacent segments. As such, the context of the track portion and segment can be analyzed.
- Combined segments are generated in the combination unit 28 based on the detected track closure segments.
- a segment is merged with the relevant neighboring segment.
- the combined segment produced comprises a combined track section which is connected to a plurality of track sections of the neighboring segment. To this extent, additional information is generated by means of which completed track sections can no longer occur in the combined segments.
- the combined segments generated are combined and a new version of the map data is generated in the form of prepared map data.
- the prepared map data includes fewer segments than the original map data. Reducing the number of segments simplifies further processing and reduces the hardware requirements.
- unique identification information can be generated for the prepared map data, in particular for each connection of a track section.
- the track sections in the combined segment can be identified by numbers. Further processing is simplified by using the unique identification information for this segment.
- the network unit 30 it is also possible to use a geometric function to generate the combined track section.
- generation by applying a polynomial or interpolation can be used.
- separating unit 34 it is possible to separate the previously received segments before the end-of-track segment is detected. Separation of segments means dividing a segment into several segments. First, the number of segments is increased. Only in the combination unit 28 can the previously separated segments be combined again in order to generate the combined segment. By separating the segments, in particular separating the segments based on classes of road users, a further improved consideration of the context can be achieved. For example, lane sections associated with vehicles may be viewed in a first segment and lane sections associated with pedestrians and cyclists viewed in a second segment.
- the prepared map data are then forwarded to the processor unit of a vehicle via the output unit 32 .
- This prepared map data can then be used there as the basis for controlling a driving function.
- lane sections 2, 1 and -1 are first considered (FIG. 3) and then lane sections -2 and -3 of the pedestrians are considered (FIG. 4).
- segments A, B and C are separated based on the road user classes vehicles and pedestrians/cyclists.
- Spurab sections 2, 1 and -1 as shown in Fig. 3, the segments B and C summarized next.
- an imaginary track section is constructed, so to speak, in which the track sections 2 and 1 are connected.
- the completed track section in segment B which is not continued in the adjacent segment A, is therefore recognized based on its context.
- a combined new Segment B created.
- the previous track section 2 is also continued in the adjacent segment A.
- the procedure in FIG. 4 is similar for the lane sections assigned to the pedestrian/bicycle class.
- the completed track section -3 in segment 3 is recognized.
- the previous segments A and B will be merged into a new combined segment B.
- FIG. 5 shows schematically that the newly created combined segments can be combined again to create the combined segment shown on the right-hand side in FIG. 5 .
- the individual track sections within the combined segment can be generated by applying a geometric function. A missing part can therefore be created for each track section that has been completed so far, so that it can be connected to a further track section.
- FIG. 5 shows that unique identification information is generated for each connection of a track section.
- the connections are numbered from 1 to 8.
- the combination of segments according to the invention and the combination of several segments to form a combined segment and the use of unique identification information for each connection of a track section in the combined segment allow further processing to take place more efficiently. In particular, it is possible to carry out short-term route planning with a higher update rate.
- the method comprises steps of receiving S10 map data, recognizing S12 a trail end segment, generating S14 a combined segment, generating S16 prepared map data and outputting S18 the prepared map data.
- the method can be implemented in particular special in the form of software on a processor of a vehicle or a vehicle control unit or a central computer vehicle is running. It goes without saying that the method can also be implemented as a smartphone app.
- a computer program may be distributed together with and/or as part of flardware, for example via the Internet or via wired or wireless communication systems.
- Reference system vehicle device processor unit central office environment sensor further vehicle input interface analysis unit combination unit network unit output unit separation unit
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021204244.9A DE102021204244B4 (de) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Vorbereiten von Kartendaten zur effizienten Weiterverarbeitung |
| PCT/EP2022/058860 WO2022228830A1 (de) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-04 | Vorbereiten von kartendaten zur effizienten weiterverarbeitung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4330628A1 true EP4330628A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
Family
ID=81579440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22720640.6A Withdrawn EP4330628A1 (de) | 2021-04-28 | 2022-04-04 | Vorbereiten von kartendaten zur effizienten weiterverarbeitung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4330628A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021204244B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022228830A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3925474B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-18 | 2007-06-06 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 車線変更支援装置 |
| US20150316387A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Detailed map format for autonomous driving |
| US9428187B2 (en) | 2014-06-05 | 2016-08-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Lane change path planning algorithm for autonomous driving vehicle |
| KR101724887B1 (ko) | 2015-08-10 | 2017-04-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 전방 도로 형상과 연결을 분석해 차선 변경과 타이밍을 결정하는 자율주행 제어 장치 및 방법 |
| US10859395B2 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2020-12-08 | DeepMap Inc. | Lane line creation for high definition maps for autonomous vehicles |
| CA2993575C (en) | 2017-02-03 | 2024-06-18 | Richard Pollock | Active driving map for self-driving road vehicle |
| US10809728B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2020-10-20 | Here Global B.V. | Lane-centric road network model for navigation |
| US11073400B2 (en) | 2017-11-07 | 2021-07-27 | Uatc, Llc | Map creation from hybrid data |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 DE DE102021204244.9A patent/DE102021204244B4/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-04-04 EP EP22720640.6A patent/EP4330628A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-04-04 WO PCT/EP2022/058860 patent/WO2022228830A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021204244A1 (de) | 2022-11-03 |
| WO2022228830A1 (de) | 2022-11-03 |
| DE102021204244B4 (de) | 2023-10-26 |
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