Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
  • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
  • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
  • C04B35/632—Organic additives
  • C04B35/634—Polymers
  • C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C04B35/6342—Polyvinylacetals, e.g. polyvinylbutyral [PVB]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
  • C04B37/008—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating by means of an interlayer consisting of an organic adhesive, e.g. phenol resin or pitch
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
  • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
  • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
  • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
  • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
  • E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
  • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
  • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
  • C04B2237/34—Oxidic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
  • C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
  • C04B2237/61—Joining two substrates of which at least one is porous by infiltrating the porous substrate with a liquid, such as a molten metal, causing bonding of the two substrates, e.g. joining two porous carbon substrates by infiltrating with molten silicon
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
  • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
  • E04F2290/044—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against impact
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F41—WEAPONS
  • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
  • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
  • F41H5/02—Plate construction
  • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
  • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a preassembled structural panel for forming an architectural structure. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a preassembled structural panel that provides high wind resistance, impact resistance and insulation to an architectural structure and is aesthetic appealing at a low cost.
• Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the present invention in an operating environment showing an architectural structure having a portion of which is formed by the assembly of the panels which are formed by an impact resistant interlayer, in melted form, between two porcelain panels, tiles or layers.
• Figure 2 demonstrates of perspective view of a typical panel showing an impact resistant interlayer fused therebetween two porcelains panels, tiles or layers.
• Figure 3 shows an exploded view of a typical panel.
• Figure 4 is a side view of a typical panel.
• Figure 5 is a top plan view of the inner surface of a porcelain layer of the present invention showing a plurality of pores therein.
• Figure 6 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer of the present invention showing the depth of the plurality of pores located therein.
• Figure 7 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer of the present invention having the plurality of pores being filled by polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or similar material such as Ionomer.
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• Figure 8 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer showing the plurality of pores in an alternate embodiment.
• Figure 9 is a cross sectional view of a porcelain layer having the pores in an alternate embodiment being filled by polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or similar material such as Ionomer.
• PVB polyvinyl butyral
• FIGS. 1-9 where the present invention is generally referred to with numeral 10, it can be observed that a plurality of panels 10 are arranged to form an architectural structure or a portion of an architectural structure, in accordance with one embodiment.
• Each of panels 10 is formed through the assembly of a first rolled porcelain layer 20, an impact resistant interlayer 30 and a second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• the term “rolled” to describe first rolled and second rolled porcelain layers does not mean that those layers are in a rolled-up state.
• the term means that the porcelain panels have been manufactured using a roller mill.
• a number of panels 10 can be integrated into any system for a storefront, curtain wall, operable window, door, or railing.
• the present invention being a preassembled structural panel having an impact resistant panel assembly including first rolled porcelain layer 20, impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• Conventional spandrel panels limit architects to particular colors and arrangements that can be configured onto a structure.
• the present invention provides a solution to these limitations placed upon architects by replacing the spandrel glass panel with an impact resistant porcelain panel that can come in various patterns and colors and resembles other building materials such as stone, wood or marble.
• Each of panels 10 is formed by the assembly of first rolled porcelain layer 20, an impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are essentially porcelain tiles or panels that can be produced in various shapes, sizes, colors, and/or patterns. Use of porcelain tiles, like first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, provides the advantage of durability, longevity and an enhanced aesthetic look compared to conventional spandrel glass tiles.
• the present invention is composed of porcelain panels which are much larger than conventional 24” x 48” porcelain ties.
• Conventional porcelain tiles are currently made much smaller than the panels of the present invention because they warp or crack when fired in the oven to strengthen and/or crystallize the porcelain.
• the present invention is able to provide for porcelain layers or panels of a much larger size and thinner calibration because the porcelain layers of the present invention do not warp, crack, or break during baking.
• the present invention uses a roller mill otherwise known as a roller press instead of a conventional hydraulic or pneumatic press that is used with conventional porcelain.
• the roller mill/press that is used with the present invention can be between 40,000 and 50,000 pounds.
• the weight of the roller must be enough to roll out the air bubbles and water found in the porcelain but not enough weight to break or crack the material. This process is why the term “rolled” is used to describe the first and second rolled porcelain layers because they must be made using the process described herein.
• Porcelain tiles more specifically first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, can be decorated with various designs, line patterns, pictures and the like which makes porcelain tile more attractive and versatile than conventional means.
• first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 there is no need to sacrifice design for function, instead both are achieved first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 can be produced in various shapes and sizes.
• Use of porcelain tile, such as first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 also provides the advantage of being more impervious even when compared to tiles made of ceramics. This advantage can be extortionary when seeking the best protection from environmental elements that are often unpredictable and harsh.
• Impact resistant interlayer 30 is an interlayer between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• impact resistant interlayer 30 provides more overall strength and makes the present invention impact resistant. The strength of the present invention aids in reducing structural damage due to hazardous situations as a result of weather elements or other situations and circumstances beyond anyone’s control.
• Impact resistant interlayer 30 is placed between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 and fuses them together when melted. As impact resistant interlayer 30 is melted it seeps into the pores of each porcelain layer thereby creating a bond between all layers and creating one integral panel that can receive a blunt impact and not break off from a structure, thereby maintaining all the benefits of impact glass while providing the newly added benefits of giving an architect many more design options and design freedom.
• Impact resistant interlayer 30 can be polyvinyl butyral or ionomer each provide distinct characteristics and properties to the present invention.
• polyvinyl butyral or PVB interlayer 30 is to first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• Each of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 may have an inner surface 70.
• Inner surface 70 may include a plurality of pores 72 as best shown in FIG. 6.
• Pores 72 may extend a predetermined depth into each of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• Pores 72 are adapted to receive impact resistant interlayer 30 once it is melted.
• impact resistant interlayer 30 may be melted and seeped into pores 72. As the melted impact resistant interlayer 30 cools in- between pores 72 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40, first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are fused together. Thereby resulting in the strong and durable panels that are panels 10.
• first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 there may be additional layers in-between first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40.
• additional layers can be incorporated into the present invention.
• a bullet proof layer having pores or cavities for impact resistant interlayer 30 to seep into when melted, can be used in panel 10 to achieve bulletproof properties for the present invention.
• Other additional layers may be suitable to similarly use as additional layers of the present invention.
• first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 are washed and dried to remove any loose particles.
• Impact resistant interlayer 30 is placed on inner surface 70 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 with proper edging.
• Inner surface 70 of second rolled porcelain layer 40 is place atop of impact resistant interlayer 30.
• Negative air tubes are then used to suction all air from the vacuum bag to create an airtight seal.
• all components first rolled porcelain layer 20, impact resistant interlayer 30 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 while still in the vacuum bag, are placed on an autoclave rack which is then placed in an autoclave.
• the autoclave is then powered to fire up the components at the preprogrammed cycle for several hours. Temperatures in the autoclave may exceed 275 degrees Fahrenheit during the cycle.
• first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 have been fused together within the vacuum bag.
• the end result is panel 10 that has high wind and impact resistance and other previously mentioned benefits or characteristics. Panels 10 can be used for various architectural structure purposes that complement window systems to cover elements that should be concealed for aesthetic purposes.
• pores 72 are shown in an alternate embodiment. Pores 72 instead do not extend as far into first rolled porcelain layer 20 or second rolled porcelain layer 40 in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 as in the aforementioned FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. Pores 72 extend less into first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. Impact resistant interlayer 30 seeps into pores 72 once heated through the autoclave. Pores 72 may be a plurality of openings that allow for impact resistant interlayer 30 to seep into to fuse first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40 to result in panels 10. There may be a substantial number of pores 72 being adjacent to one another to cover the entire inner surface 70 of first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. In one embodiment, pores 72 may be Z shaped or squiggled. Pores 72 may extend a predetermined depth into first rolled porcelain layer 20 and second rolled porcelain layer 40. More specifically, at inner surface 70 thereof.
• the preassembled structural impact panel has several embodiments for industrial applicability.
• the windows may be implemented in residential or business areas that are at risk of high winds such as areas that regularly experience hurricanes.
• the impact panel provides a panel that withstands high wind pressures as the panel has a high wind resistance. Additionally, the impact panel can be integrated with existing impact resistant window systems. Furthermore, the impact panel protects the internal environment of the architecture from the external environment.
• the panel is a three-layered panel formed by fusing a first rolled porcelain layer, an impact resistant interlayer and a second rolled porcelain layer. The impact resistant interlayer is melted into the pores of the porcelain layers to create an integral porcelain panel that can be used as structural elements or small, medium, and large dimensions while having impact resistant qualities.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2021
  • 2021-04-14 WO PCT/US2021/027253 patent/WO2022220820A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2021-04-14 EP EP21937152.3A patent/EP4323596A1/de active Pending

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