EP4313560A1 - Pressure tool, pressing apparatus and method for welding plastics components - Google Patents

Pressure tool, pressing apparatus and method for welding plastics components

Info

Publication number
EP4313560A1
EP4313560A1 EP22719874.4A EP22719874A EP4313560A1 EP 4313560 A1 EP4313560 A1 EP 4313560A1 EP 22719874 A EP22719874 A EP 22719874A EP 4313560 A1 EP4313560 A1 EP 4313560A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
pressure tool
component contact
plastic components
contact section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22719874.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Jarka
Manuel Endraß
Alexander SÄNGER
Ralph Männich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Premium Aerotec GmbH
Original Assignee
Premium Aerotec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Premium Aerotec GmbH filed Critical Premium Aerotec GmbH
Publication of EP4313560A1 publication Critical patent/EP4313560A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B29C65/305—Electrical means involving the use of cartridge heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91212—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods involving measurement means being part of the welding jaws, e.g. integrated in the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/344—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3484—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic
    • B29C65/3492—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic being carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3034—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes
    • B29C66/30341—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of additional elements, e.g. meshes non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. making use of extra elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding plastic components, the pressure tool having at least one metallic first component contact section.
  • the invention also relates to a pressing device for pressing plastic components together during welding.
  • the invention also relates to a method for welding plastic components.
  • the invention also relates to a plastic module with at least two plastic components welded to one another.
  • the document DE 10 2009 047 671 A1 describes that composite laminates are susceptible to damage that occurs in one plane, such as delamination, and provides an improved method for connecting a fiber composite component to a structural component with the steps: providing a Metal foil as a transverse reinforcement element between the fiber composite component and the structural component; Forming the metal foil with at least one anchoring section, which protrudes from the surface facing the fiber composite component; and inserting the metal foil between the fiber composite component and the structural component.
  • the document DE 10 2020 1 11 497 A1 relates to a method for pretreating a joint contact surface of a laminated fiber-plastic composite component in order to materially bond the fiber-plastic composite component subsequently to another fiber-plastic composite component to connect, wherein the fiber-plastic composite component has a matrix material and reinforcing fibers embedded in the matrix material.
  • This patent application proposes the joining contact surface by applying a compatible with the matrix material Filling material to plan, so that the connection between the fiber-plastic composite components is improved.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the structure and/or function of a pressure tool as mentioned at the outset.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a pressing device mentioned at the outset.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving a method mentioned at the outset.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a plastic module as mentioned at the outset.
  • the object is achieved with a pressing device having the features of claim 7.
  • the object is also achieved with a method having the features of claim 9.
  • the object is also achieved with a plastic module having the features of claim 15.
  • the pressure tool can be used with the help of a robot.
  • the pressure tool can be designed as an effector for a robot.
  • the pressure tool can have a connection section.
  • the connection section can have at least one mechanical connection, at least one electrical power connection and/or at least one electrical signal connection.
  • the pressure tool can have a plate-like, cuboid-like and/or strip-like shape.
  • the pressure tool can have a length extending along a longitudinal axis, a width extending along a transverse axis and a height extending along a vertical axis.
  • the longitudinal axis can also be referred to as the x-axis
  • the transverse axis can also be referred to as the y-axis
  • the vertical axis can also be referred to as the z-axis.
  • the longitudinal axis, the transverse axis and the vertical axis can be arranged at right angles to one another.
  • the pressure tool can be used to apply a pressure force in the direction of extension of the z-axis.
  • the pressure tool can be used to apply a pressure force to plastic components.
  • a compressive force can be applied using a pressing device and/or be applicable using a robot.
  • the pressure tool can have a working side and a rear side in the direction of extension of the z-axis.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be arranged on the working side.
  • the at least one first component contact section can essentially extend in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be designed as a flat surface or have a flat surface.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be designed as a single or multiple curved surface or have a single or multiple curved surface.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be designed as a shaped surface or have a shaped surface.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be made of a metal alloy.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be made from a metal alloy with a particular invariance of expansion with regard to a temperature change.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be made of an iron-nickel alloy.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be made from an alloy with a mass fraction of iron of approximately 64% and a mass fraction of nickel of approximately 36%.
  • the at least one first component contact section can be made of an alloy with the material number 1.3912.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be arranged on the working side.
  • the at least one second component contact section can essentially extend in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the at least one second component contact section can have a strand-like, bead-like, seal-like, profile-like and/or tube-like shape.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be formed using a strand-like, bead-like, seal-like, profile-like and/or tube-like element.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be heat-resistant.
  • the at least one second component contact section can reach a temperature above a flow temperature range of a specific thermoplastic be heat resistant.
  • the at least one second component contact section can reach a temperature of up to approx. 100° C., up to a temperature of approx. 150° C., up to a temperature of approx. 200° C., up to a temperature of approx /or be heat-resistant up to a temperature of approx. 300°.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be made of an elastomer.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be made of a silicone rubber or silicone elastomer.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be made from a high-temperature crosslinking silicone rubber.
  • the at least one second component contact section can have thermal foil insulation.
  • thermoally controllable means in particular that a temperature of the pressure tool, in particular a temperature of the first component contact section, can be controlled by means of control technology and/or regulation technology.
  • the at least one first component contact section and the at least one second component contact section can be arranged adjacent to one another along a boundary line.
  • the boundary line can run in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the boundary line can be straight, at least in sections.
  • the boundary line can be curved once or multiple times, at least in sections.
  • the boundary line can essentially run in the direction of extension of the longitudinal axis.
  • the pressure tool may have an edge portion.
  • the edge portion may be located on the working side.
  • the edge section can be an edge section in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be arranged on the edge section.
  • the pressure tool can be designed to be structurally integrated with the at least one first component contact section.
  • the pressure tool can be integrally formed in one piece with the at least one first component contact section.
  • the pressure tool and the at least one first component contact section can be made together.
  • the pressure tool and the at least one first component contact section can be made of the same material.
  • the pressure tool can have at least one receiving section which is set back in relation to the at least one first component contact section.
  • the at least one receiving section can be set back in the direction of extension of the z-axis.
  • the at least one receiving section can have a groove-like, channel-like and/or step-like shape.
  • the at least one receiving section can run in the direction of extension of the x-axis.
  • the at least one receiving section can have a groove-like, channel-like, step-like and/or rectangular cross-section in a plane spanned by the y-axis and the z-axis.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be accommodated on the at least one receiving section.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be firmly connected to the pressure tool on the at least one receiving section in a form-fitting, force-fitting and/or cohesive manner.
  • the at least one second component contact section can project beyond the at least one first component contact section in an undeformed state.
  • the at least one second component contact section can protrude beyond the at least one first component contact section in an undeformed state in the direction of extent of the z-axis.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be deformable under pressure into the receiving section.
  • the at least one second component contact section can be deformable set back from the at least one first component contact section under pressure load in the direction of extent of the z-axis.
  • the printing tool can have at least one heating and/or cooling device and/or at least one temperature sensor.
  • the at least one heating and/or cooling device can have at least one electrical heating and/or cooling element.
  • the pressure tool, in particular the at least one first component contact section can be temperature-controlled with the aid of the at least one heating and/or cooling device. Using the at least one temperature sensor, a Temperature of the pressure tool, in particular the at least one first component contact portion, be detectable.
  • the pressing device may be usable by means of a robot.
  • the pressing device can be designed as an effector for a robot.
  • the pressing device can have a first pressing tool and a second pressing tool.
  • the pressing device can have a connection section.
  • the connection section can have at least one mechanical connection, at least one electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic power connection and/or at least one electrical signal connection.
  • the pressing device can have at least one tool holder for a pressure tool.
  • the pressing device can have at least one actuator.
  • the at least one actuator can be used to displace the at least one pressure tool relative to a connection section of the pressing device and/or relative to at least one further pressure tool.
  • the at least one actuator can be used to apply a compressive force.
  • the at least one actuator can be a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic actuator.
  • the pressing device can have at least one thermal insulation.
  • the at least one thermal insulation can serve to insulate the at least one pressure tool, the actuator and/or from a contact area.
  • the pressing device can have a control device.
  • Control device can be used for control engineering and/or regulation engineering.
  • the control device can be an electrical control device.
  • the control device can have a processor, a main memory, a data memory, at least one signal input and/or at least one signal output.
  • the control device can be programmable.
  • the at least one pressure tool, the actuator and/or at least one electrical resistance welding element can be controlled with the aid of the control device.
  • the control device can be used to control a compressive force, in particular a compressive force profile.
  • the control device can be used to control a temperature, in particular one temperature profile, serve.
  • the control device can be used to monitor and/or document welding.
  • the method can be an electrical resistance welding method.
  • the method can be a pressure welding method.
  • the process can be a plastic welding process.
  • the method can be used to weld longitudinal seams, weld circumferential seams on aircraft, weld longitudinal stiffening structures such as stringers into a skin panel, weld door stiffening structures to a skin panel, and/or weld lap joints and butt joints.
  • the following steps can be carried out as part of the method: arranging a first and a second plastic component to be welded together, so that a joining section is formed, at the same time inserting at least one electrical resistance welding element between common joining contact surfaces of the plastic components; pressing the plastic components together using the pressing device; plasticizing the plastic components at the joining contact surfaces using the at least one resistance welding element in order to produce a welded connection; strengthening of the welded joint; Removing the pressing device.
  • These steps can be performed in the order given. These steps can be carried out at least partially overlapping one another once or several times. Other/additional steps can be carried out between these. Other/further steps can be performed before these steps and/or after these steps.
  • the plastic components can have a thermoplastic material.
  • the plastic components can have reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be embedded in the plastic.
  • the plastic can surround the reinforcing fibers as a matrix material.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be bound to the matrix material by adhesive interactions.
  • the plastic components can be fiber-plastic composite components.
  • the plastic components can exhibit a direction-dependent elasticity behavior.
  • the plastic components can be vehicle components.
  • the vehicle may be a land vehicle, automobile, aircraft, watercraft, or spacecraft.
  • the plastic components can be fuselage parts of an aircraft.
  • the plastic components can be wing parts of an aircraft.
  • the plastic components can be stiffening parts.
  • the plastic components can be stringer profiles.
  • the plastic components can be parts of a skin panel.
  • the plastic components can be organic fibers such as aramid fibers,
  • the fibers may be woven, knitted, crocheted, braided or stitchbonded.
  • the fibers can be present as a textile.
  • the fibers can be single-layer or multi-layer.
  • the matrix material can have polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfone (PSU), polyetherimide (PEI) and/or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • PSU polysulfone
  • PEI polyetherimide
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the plastic components can be electrically conductive or electrically insulating.
  • Plastic components can each have at least one joint contact surface.
  • the at least one joining contact surface can be flat.
  • the at least one joining contact surface can be curved once or multiple times.
  • Plastic components that are to be welded or are welded to one another and are assigned to one another can be referred to as common joining contact surfaces.
  • Common joint contact surfaces can be arranged in a simple overlap, in a simple lashing or in a butt joint.
  • At least one joining surface and/or at least one joining section can be formed by arranging common joining contact surfaces on one another.
  • the at least one joining surface can be flat.
  • the at least one joining surface can be curved once or multiple times.
  • the at least one joining surface can extend in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction.
  • the at least one joining section can be limited in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction.
  • the at least one joining section can be delimited by a component edge of a plastic component.
  • the longitudinal direction can run in the direction of extension of an x-axis.
  • the transverse direction can run in the direction of extension of a y-axis.
  • the plastic components can at their common Joining contact surfaces are joined in a joining direction.
  • the joining direction can run in the direction of extension of a z-axis.
  • the x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis can be arranged at right angles to each other.
  • the at least one resistance welding element can be designed as a resistance heating layer.
  • the at least one resistance welding element can be used to plasticize the plastic components on common joining contact surfaces in order to connect the plastic components to one another in a materially bonded manner.
  • the at least one resistance welding element can have an electrical conductor material.
  • the electrical conductor material can be in the form of a semi-finished product.
  • the electrical conductor material can be fabricated or fabricated.
  • the electrical conductor material can have a relatively high specific electrical resistance and/or a relatively low tendency to oxidize.
  • the electrical conductor material can serve to convert electrical power into heat.
  • the electrical conductor material can be made of a metal and/or of carbon.
  • the electrical conductor material can be permeable to plasticized plastic, at least in sections.
  • the electrical conductor material can have openings.
  • the electrical conductor material can be grid-like or fabric-like.
  • the electrical conductor material can be made of wires and/or fibers.
  • the at least one resistance welding element can have at least one electrical contact section.
  • the at least one electrical contact section can be electrically contacted with the aid of electrodes.
  • the at least one electrical contact section can be arranged outside of the joining section.
  • the at least one resistance welding element can be inserted between common joint contact surfaces of the plastic components so as to protrude beyond the joint section and/or into at least one joint zone edge section adjoining the joint section.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section can directly adjoin the joining section.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section and the joining section can be delimited from one another by a component edge of a plastic component.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section can, starting from the joining section, form a Extend plastic component.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section can extend along the joining section.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section can extend in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction.
  • the longitudinal direction of the at least one joining zone edge section can run along the joining section. Starting from the joining section, the transverse direction can run perpendicularly into a plastic component.
  • the at least one joining zone edge section can extend in the direction of extension of the x-axis and/or in the direction of extension of the y-axis.
  • Plastic component can be arranged / be an electrical insulation.
  • the electrical insulation may have a specified minimum heat resistance.
  • the electrical insulation can be up to a temperature of approx. 100°C, up to a temperature of approx. 150°C, up to a temperature of approx. 200°C, up to a temperature of approx. 250°C and/or be heat resistant up to a temperature of approx. 300°.
  • the electrical insulation can be a foil.
  • the electrical insulation can be self-adhesive.
  • the electrical insulation can be made of polyimide.
  • the boundary line of the at least one pressure tool can be placed at least approximately on a boundary between the joining section and the at least one joining zone edge section.
  • the plastic components can be pressed together by inserting the at least one electrical resistance welding element.
  • the plastic components can be pressed together during the plasticizing of the plastic components at the joint contact surfaces and the production of the welded connection.
  • the plastic components can be pressed together during the solidification of the welded connection.
  • a Compressive force in particular a compressive force profile, and/or a temperature, in particular a temperature profile, of the at least one pressure tool can be controlled.
  • the compressive force, in particular the compressive force profile, and/or the temperature, in particular the temperature profile, of the at least one pressure tool and a temperature, in particular a temperature profile, and/or an electrical load, in particular a load profile, of the at least one resistance welding element can be matched to one another to be controlled.
  • Compressive force in particular via the compressive force profile, and/or via the temperature, in particular via the temperature profile, are recorded, monitored, documented and/or stored.
  • the invention results in, among other things, a pressure tool device for electrical resistance welding.
  • a joint connection with application-oriented component scales and geometries can be achieved by using the pressure tool device, which has a combination of metal, preferably Invar, a heat-resistant insert, such as silicone and foil insulation, as well as an integrated electrical heater and several thermal sensor units, as well as a suitable litigation to be resolved.
  • the pressure tool device can have the following features: Two-piece (above and below a joining zone), metallic pressure tools with semi-finished surface-following, laterally open contact surfaces for the areal uniform transmission of process-side adjustable, usually pneumatically generated pressure forces (welding and cooling pressure); To each open edge of a welding zone (in the case of single-lap connections typical of laminates, at the top on one side and at the bottom on the other side) and with the welding element flush with the side or protruding a few millimeters, flexibly designed pressure zone using a flexible pressure Insert (such as heat-resistant silicone) for the expression of a defined edge area, eg with the cross-sectional dimensions of 3x10mm (depending on the thickness of the semi-finished product and the width of the tool groove), placed in the intended groove of the metallic component; Two-sided accessibility for introducing electric current into the welding element inserted in the joining zone; Insulation of the metallic pressure tool by electrically puncture-proof foil with high heat resistance, preferably self-adhesive polyimide
  • the process technology can have the following features: Uniform temperature control of the pressure tool device over the contact surfaces to the constant temperature of e.g. 150° C. required on the process side; Evenly distributed transmission of the pressure forces from the process to the surface to be welded; Application of a resulting, defined compressive force to the edge area of the welding element with the flexible insert to form lateral, defined weld seam terminations and sufficient heat dissipation in the edge areas during the welding time; High process reliability due to the required full-surface heat dissipation in all areas of the welding element; Continuous recording of the temperature conditions during the process control
  • the weld may have the following features: expression of
  • Weld seam after maximum evenly distributed pressure and temperature exposure over the joining zone with the most compact structure possible and characterized by high crystallinity; Weld edge area with a defined, formed and fully connected weld bead, without sharp-edged or notched surface properties; Resulting from the shape and geometry. Increased mechanical resilience of the connection due to a full-surface connection and greatly reduced tendency to crack initiation in the edge area.
  • a temperature distribution during welding is improved. Local disturbances in the connection, such as air gaps, particularly in an edge area of a joining zone, are avoided. Controlled process management is made possible or improved. An improved connection between plastic components is made possible.
  • Fig. 1 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
  • Fig. 2 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
  • Fig. 3 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
  • Fig. 4 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
  • Fig. 5 a welding of plastic components using a pressing device with two pressure tools.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pressure tool 100 for applying a compressive force when welding plastic components with a metallic first Component contact portion 102 in sectional view.
  • 2 shows the pressure tool 100 in a front view.
  • 3 shows the pressure tool 100 in plan view.
  • 4 shows the pressure tool 100 in side view.
  • the pressure tool is cohesively formed in one piece with the first component contact section 102 and is made from an iron-nickel alloy with a mass fraction of iron approximately 64% and a mass fraction of nickel approximately 36%, which has a particular invariance of a strain with respect to a temperature change .
  • the pressure tool 100 has a slat-like shape with a length extending along an x-axis, a width extending along a y-axis, a height extending along a z-axis, a working side 104 and a rear side 106 .
  • the first component contact section 102 is arranged on the working side 104 and is designed as a flat surface.
  • the pressure tool 100 has through holes, such as 108, and blind holes, such as 110, for accommodating electrical heating elements and temperature sensors, with the help of which the pressure tool 100, in particular the first component contact section 102, can be thermally controlled.
  • the pressure tool 100 has a groove-like receiving section 112 which is set back in relation to the first component contact section 102 and runs in the direction of extension of the x-axis.
  • the receiving section 112 serves to receive a strand-like, elastically deformable element made from a heat-resistant silicone rubber, which forms a second component contact section of the pressure tool 100 .
  • the elastically deformable element projects beyond the first component contact section 102 and can be deformed into the receiving section 112 under pressure.
  • Fig. 5 shows a welding of plastic components 200, 202 using a
  • the plastic components 200, 202 are fiber-plastic composite components embedded in a thermoplastic matrix material Carbon fibers and arranged with their common joint contact surfaces in simple overlapping, wherein a joint portion 210 is formed.
  • An electrical resistance welding element 212 is arranged between the joining contact surfaces of the plastic components 200, 202. The electrical resistance welding element 212 protrudes beyond the joint section 210 in joint zones edge sections.
  • the pressure tools 206, 208 are placed on opposite sides of the joining section 210 with their first component contact section 214, 216 on the joining section 210 and with their second component contact section 218, 220 on the joining zone edge section and it is a compressive force is applied, so that the plastic components 200, 202 are pressed together at the joining section 210 between the pressure tools 206, 208.
  • the elastically deformable elements forming the second component contact sections 218, 220 are deformed into the receiving sections of the pressure tools 206, 208 and each rests elastically on an edge of the electrical
  • Resistance welding element 212 on a surface of one of the plastic components 200, 202 and on a component edge of the other plastic component 202, 200.
  • the resistance welding element 212 is then electrically charged, so that the plastic components 200, 202 are plasticized at their joint joint contact surfaces and are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
  • the pressing device 204 is removed. During the pressing together of the plastic components 200, 202, a compressive force profile and a temperature profile are monitored.
  • isolated features can also be selected from the feature combinations disclosed here and with the resolution of a structural and/or functional feature that may exist between the features context in combination with other features to delimit the subject-matter of the claim.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Pressure tool (203, 208) for applying a pressure force during the welding of plastics components (200, 202), the pressure tool (203, 208) having at least one metal first component contact portion (214, 216), wherein the pressure tool (203, 208) has at least one elastically deformable second component contact portion (218, 220) and is thermally controllable; pressing apparatus (204) having at least one such pressure tool (203, 208) for compressing plastics components (200, 202) during welding; method for welding plastics components (200, 202), wherein the method is carried out with the aid of such a pressing apparatus (204); and plastics module having at least two welded-together plastics components (200, 202), wherein the at least two plastics components (200, 202) have been welded using such a method.

Description

Druckwerkzeug, Pressvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen Pressure tool, pressing device and method for welding plastic components
Beschreibung description
[0001 ] Die Erfindung betrifft ein Druckwerkzeug zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen von Kunststoff bauteilen, das Druckwerkzeug aufweisend wenigstens einen metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung eine Pressvorrichtung zum Zusammenpressen von Kunststoffbauteilen beim Schweißen. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung ein Kunststoffmodul mit wenigstens zwei miteinander verschweißten Kunststoffbauteilen. The invention relates to a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding plastic components, the pressure tool having at least one metallic first component contact section. The invention also relates to a pressing device for pressing plastic components together during welding. The invention also relates to a method for welding plastic components. The invention also relates to a plastic module with at least two plastic components welded to one another.
[0002] Das Dokument DE 10 2009 047 671 A1 beschreibt, dass Verbundlaminate anfällig für Schäden sind, die in einer Ebene entstehen, wie zum Beispiel Delamination, und gibt ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Anbinden eines Faserverbundbauteils an ein Strukturbauteil an mit den Schritten: Bereitstellen einer Metallfolie als Querverstärkungselement zwischen dem Faserverbundbauteil und dem Strukturbauteil; Ausbilden der Metallfolie mit mindestens einem Verankerungsabschnitt, welcher von der dem Faserverbundbauteil zugewandten Oberfläche vorsteht; und Einfügen der Metallfolie zwischen das Faserverbundbauteil und dem Strukturbauteil. The document DE 10 2009 047 671 A1 describes that composite laminates are susceptible to damage that occurs in one plane, such as delamination, and provides an improved method for connecting a fiber composite component to a structural component with the steps: providing a Metal foil as a transverse reinforcement element between the fiber composite component and the structural component; Forming the metal foil with at least one anchoring section, which protrudes from the surface facing the fiber composite component; and inserting the metal foil between the fiber composite component and the structural component.
[0003] Das Dokument DE 10 2020 1 11 497 A1 betrifft ein Verfahren zum Vorbehandeln einer Fügekontaktfläche eines laminierten Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund-Bauteils, um das Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund-Bauteil nachfolgend mit einem weiteren Faser-Kunststoff- Verbund-Bauteil stoffschlüssig zu verbinden, wobei das Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund- Bauteil ein Matrixmaterial und in dem Matrixmaterial eingebettete Verstärkungsfasern aufweist. Mit dieser Patentanmeldung wird vorgeschlagen, die Fügekontaktfläche durch Aufbringen eines mit dem Matrixmaterial kompatiblen Füll Werkstoffs zu planieren, sodass die Verbindung zwischen den Faser-Kunststoff- Verbund-Bauteilen verbessert wird. The document DE 10 2020 1 11 497 A1 relates to a method for pretreating a joint contact surface of a laminated fiber-plastic composite component in order to materially bond the fiber-plastic composite component subsequently to another fiber-plastic composite component to connect, wherein the fiber-plastic composite component has a matrix material and reinforcing fibers embedded in the matrix material. This patent application proposes the joining contact surface by applying a compatible with the matrix material Filling material to plan, so that the connection between the fiber-plastic composite components is improved.
[0004] Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein eingangs genanntes Druckwerkzeug strukturell und/oder funktionell zu verbessern. Außerdem liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine eingangs genannte Pressvorrichtung strukturell und/oder funktionell zu verbessern. Außerdem liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein eingangs genanntes Verfahren zu verbessern. Außerdem liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein eingangs genanntes Kunststoffmodul strukturell und/oder funktionell zu verbessern. The object of the invention is to improve the structure and/or function of a pressure tool as mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a pressing device mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving a method mentioned at the outset. In addition, the invention is based on the object of improving the structure and/or functionality of a plastic module as mentioned at the outset.
[0005] Die Aufgabe wird gelöst mit einem Druckwerkzeug mit den Merkmalen desThe problem is solved with a pressure tool with the features of
Anspruchs 1 . Außerdem wird die Aufgabe gelöst mit einer Pressvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 7. Außerdem wird die Aufgabe gelöst mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9. Außerdem wird die Aufgabe gelöst mit einem Kunststoffmodul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 15. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen und/oder Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche. claim 1 . In addition, the object is achieved with a pressing device having the features of claim 7. The object is also achieved with a method having the features of claim 9. The object is also achieved with a plastic module having the features of claim 15. Advantageous embodiments and/or Developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
[0006] Das Druckwerkzeug kann mithilfe eines Roboters verwendbar sein. Das Druckwerkzeug kann als Effektor für einen Roboter ausgeführt sein. Das Druckwerkzeug kann einen Anschlussabschnitt aufweisen. Der Anschlussabschnitt kann wenigstens einen mechanischen Anschluss, wenigstens einen elektrischen Leistungsanschluss und/oder wenigstens einen elektrischen Signalanschluss aufweisen. Das Druckwerkzeug kann eine plattenartige, quaderartige und/oder leistenartige Form aufweisen. Das Druckwerkzeug kann eine sich entlang einer Längsachse erstreckende Länge, eine sich entlang einer Quersachse erstreckende Breite und eine sich entlang einer Hochachse erstreckende Höhe aufweisen. Die Längsachse kann auch als x-Achse, die Quersachse kann auch als y-Achse und die Hochachse kann auch als z-Achse bezeichnet werden. Die Längsachse, die Quersachse und die Hochachse können zueinander rechtwinklig angeordnet sein. Das Druckwerkzeug kann zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft in Erstreckungsrichtung der z-Achse dienen. Das Druckwerkzeug kann zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft auf Kunststoffbauteile dienen. Eine Druckkraft kann mithilfe einer Pressvorrichtung und/oder mithilfe eines Roboters aufbringbar sein. Das Druckwerkzeug kann in Erstreckungsrichtung der z-Achse eine Arbeitsseite und eine Rückseite aufweisen. The pressure tool can be used with the help of a robot. The pressure tool can be designed as an effector for a robot. The pressure tool can have a connection section. The connection section can have at least one mechanical connection, at least one electrical power connection and/or at least one electrical signal connection. The pressure tool can have a plate-like, cuboid-like and/or strip-like shape. The pressure tool can have a length extending along a longitudinal axis, a width extending along a transverse axis and a height extending along a vertical axis. The longitudinal axis can also be referred to as the x-axis, the transverse axis can also be referred to as the y-axis and the vertical axis can also be referred to as the z-axis. The longitudinal axis, the transverse axis and the vertical axis can be arranged at right angles to one another. The pressure tool can be used to apply a pressure force in the direction of extension of the z-axis. The pressure tool can be used to apply a pressure force to plastic components. A compressive force can be applied using a pressing device and/or be applicable using a robot. The pressure tool can have a working side and a rear side in the direction of extension of the z-axis.
[0007] Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann an der Arbeitsseite angeordnet sein. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann sich im Wesentlichen in einer durch die x-Achse und die y-Achse aufgespannten oder in einer zur x-Achse und zur y-Achse parallelen Ebene erstrecken. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann als ebene Fläche ausgeführt sein oder eine ebene Fläche aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann als einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmte Fläche ausgeführt sein oder eine einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmte Fläche aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann als Formfläche ausgeführt sein oder eine Formfläche aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einer Metalllegierung hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einer Metalllegierung mit besonderer Invarianz einer Dehnung bezüglich einer Temperaturänderung hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einer Eisen-Nickel-Legierung hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einer Legierung mit einem Masseanteil Eisen ca. 64 % und einem Masseanteil ca. Nickel 36 % hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einer Legierung mit der Werkstoffnummer 1.3912 hergestellt sein. The at least one first component contact section can be arranged on the working side. The at least one first component contact section can essentially extend in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis. The at least one first component contact section can be designed as a flat surface or have a flat surface. The at least one first component contact section can be designed as a single or multiple curved surface or have a single or multiple curved surface. The at least one first component contact section can be designed as a shaped surface or have a shaped surface. The at least one first component contact section can be made of a metal alloy. The at least one first component contact section can be made from a metal alloy with a particular invariance of expansion with regard to a temperature change. The at least one first component contact section can be made of an iron-nickel alloy. The at least one first component contact section can be made from an alloy with a mass fraction of iron of approximately 64% and a mass fraction of nickel of approximately 36%. The at least one first component contact section can be made of an alloy with the material number 1.3912.
[0008] Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann an der Arbeitsseite angeordnet sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann sich im Wesentlichen in einer durch die x-Achse und die y-Achse aufgespannten oder in einer zur x-Achse und zur y-Achse parallelen Ebene erstrecken. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann eine strangartige, wulstartige, dichtungsartige, profilartige und/oder schlauchartige Form aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann mithilfe eines strangartigen, wulstartigen, dichtungsartigen, profilartigen und/oder schlauchartigen Elements gebildet sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann hitzebeständig sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann bis zu einer Temperatur oberhalb eines Fließtemperaturbereichs eines spezifischen Thermoplasts hitzebeständig sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 100°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 150°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 200°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 250°C und/oder bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 300° hitzebeständig sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einem Elastomer hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einem Silikonkautschuk oder Silikonelastomer hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann aus einem hochtemperaturvernetzenden Silikonkautschuk hergestellt sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann eine thermische Folienisolierung aufweisen. The at least one second component contact section can be arranged on the working side. The at least one second component contact section can essentially extend in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis. The at least one second component contact section can have a strand-like, bead-like, seal-like, profile-like and/or tube-like shape. The at least one second component contact section can be formed using a strand-like, bead-like, seal-like, profile-like and/or tube-like element. The at least one second component contact section can be heat-resistant. The at least one second component contact section can reach a temperature above a flow temperature range of a specific thermoplastic be heat resistant. The at least one second component contact section can reach a temperature of up to approx. 100° C., up to a temperature of approx. 150° C., up to a temperature of approx. 200° C., up to a temperature of approx /or be heat-resistant up to a temperature of approx. 300°. The at least one second component contact section can be made of an elastomer. The at least one second component contact section can be made of a silicone rubber or silicone elastomer. The at least one second component contact section can be made from a high-temperature crosslinking silicone rubber. The at least one second component contact section can have thermal foil insulation.
[0009] „Thermisch kontrollierbar" bedeutet vorliegend insbesondere, dass das eine Temperatur des Druckwerkzeug, insbesondere eine Temperatur des ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitts, steuerungstechnisch und/oder regelungstechnisch kontrollierbar ist. In the present case, "thermally controllable" means in particular that a temperature of the pressure tool, in particular a temperature of the first component contact section, can be controlled by means of control technology and/or regulation technology.
[0010] Der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt und der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt können entlang einer Grenzlinie aneinander angrenzend angeordnet sein. Die Grenzlinie kann in einer durch die x-Achse und die y-Achse aufgespannten oder in einer zur x-Achse und zur y-Achse parallelen Ebene verlaufen. Die Grenzlinie kann zumindest abschnittsweise gerade sein. Die Grenzlinie kann zumindest abschnittsweise einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmt sein. Die Grenzlinie kann im Wesentlichen in Erstreckungsrichtung der Längsachse verlaufen. The at least one first component contact section and the at least one second component contact section can be arranged adjacent to one another along a boundary line. The boundary line can run in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis. The boundary line can be straight, at least in sections. The boundary line can be curved once or multiple times, at least in sections. The boundary line can essentially run in the direction of extension of the longitudinal axis.
[001 1 ] Das Druckwerkzeug kann einen Randabschnitt aufweisen. Der Randabschnitt kann an der Arbeitsseite angeordnet sein. Der Randabschnitt kann ein Randabschnitt in einer durch die x-Achse und die y-Achse aufgespannten oder in einer zur x-Achse und zur y-Achse parallelen Ebene sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann an dem Randabschnitt angeordnet sein. [001 1] The pressure tool may have an edge portion. The edge portion may be located on the working side. The edge section can be an edge section in a plane spanned by the x-axis and the y-axis or in a plane parallel to the x-axis and the y-axis. The at least one second component contact section can be arranged on the edge section.
[0012] Das Druckwerkzeug kann mit dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt strukturell integriert ausgebildet sein. Das Druckwerkzeug kann mit dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt stoffschlüssig einteilig ausgebildet sein. Das Druckwerkzeug und der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt können gemeinsam hergestellt sein. Das Druckwerkzeug und der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt können aus demselben Werkstoff hergestellt sein. [0012] The pressure tool can be designed to be structurally integrated with the at least one first component contact section. The pressure tool can be integrally formed in one piece with the at least one first component contact section. The pressure tool and the at least one first component contact section can be made together. The pressure tool and the at least one first component contact section can be made of the same material.
[0013] Das Druckwerkzeug kann wenigstens einen gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt zurückgesetzten Aufnahmeabschnitt aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine Aufnahmeabschnitt kann in Erstreckungsrichtung der z-Achse zurückgesetzt sein. Der wenigstens eine Aufnahmeabschnitt kann eine nutartige, kanalartige und/oder stufenartige Form aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine Aufnahmeabschnitt kann in Erstreckungsrichtung der x-Achse verlaufen. Der wenigstens eine Aufnahmeabschnitt kann in einer durch die y-Achse und die z-Achse aufgespannten Ebene einen nutartigen, kanalartigen, stufenartigen und/oder rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen. [0013] The pressure tool can have at least one receiving section which is set back in relation to the at least one first component contact section. The at least one receiving section can be set back in the direction of extension of the z-axis. The at least one receiving section can have a groove-like, channel-like and/or step-like shape. The at least one receiving section can run in the direction of extension of the x-axis. The at least one receiving section can have a groove-like, channel-like, step-like and/or rectangular cross-section in a plane spanned by the y-axis and the z-axis.
[0014] Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann an dem wenigstens einen Aufnahmeabschnitt aufgenommen sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann an dem wenigstens einen Aufnahmeabschnitt mit dem Druckwerkzeug formschlüssig, kraftschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig fest verbunden sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann in einem unverformten Zustand gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt überstehen. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann in einem unverformten Zustand in Erstreckungsrichtung der z-Achse über den wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt überstehen. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann unter Druckbelastung in den Aufnahmeabschnitt verformbar sein. Der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt kann unter Druckbelastung in Erstreckungsrichtung der z- Achse gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt zurückgesetzt verformbar sein. The at least one second component contact section can be accommodated on the at least one receiving section. The at least one second component contact section can be firmly connected to the pressure tool on the at least one receiving section in a form-fitting, force-fitting and/or cohesive manner. The at least one second component contact section can project beyond the at least one first component contact section in an undeformed state. The at least one second component contact section can protrude beyond the at least one first component contact section in an undeformed state in the direction of extent of the z-axis. The at least one second component contact section can be deformable under pressure into the receiving section. The at least one second component contact section can be deformable set back from the at least one first component contact section under pressure load in the direction of extent of the z-axis.
[0015] Das Druckwerkzeug kann wenigstens eine Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung und/oder wenigstens einen Temperatursensor aufweisen. Die wenigstens eine Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung kann wenigstens ein elektrisches Heiz- und/oder Kühlelement aufweisen. Mithilfe der wenigstens einen Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung kann das Druckwerkzeug, insbesondere der wenigstens eine ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt, temperierbar sein. Mithilfe des wenigstens einen Temperatursensors kann eine Temperatur des Druckwerkzeugs, insbesondere des wenigstens eine ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitts, erfassbar sein. The printing tool can have at least one heating and/or cooling device and/or at least one temperature sensor. The at least one heating and/or cooling device can have at least one electrical heating and/or cooling element. The pressure tool, in particular the at least one first component contact section, can be temperature-controlled with the aid of the at least one heating and/or cooling device. Using the at least one temperature sensor, a Temperature of the pressure tool, in particular the at least one first component contact portion, be detectable.
[0016] Die Pressvorrichtung kann mithilfe eines Roboters verwendbar sein. Die Pressvorrichtung kann als Effektor für einen Roboter ausgeführt sein. Die Pressvorrichtung kann ein erstes Druckwerkzeug und ein zweites Druckwerkzeug aufweisen. Die Pressvorrichtung kann einen Anschlussabschnitt aufweisen. Der Anschlussabschnitt kann wenigstens einen mechanischen Anschluss, wenigstens einen elektrischen, pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Leistungsanschluss und/oder wenigstens einen elektrischen Signalanschluss aufweisen. Die Pressvorrichtung kann wenigstens eine Werkzeugaufnahme für ein Druckwerkzeug aufweisen. Die Pressvorrichtung kann wenigstens einen Aktuator aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine Aktuator kann zum Verlagern des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs relativ zu einem Anschlussabschnitt der Pressvorrichtung und/oder relativ zu wenigstens einem weiteren Druckwerkzeug dienen. Der wenigstens eine Aktuator kann zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft dienen. Der wenigstens eine Aktuator kann ein mechanischer, elektrischer, pneumatischer und/oder hydraulischer Aktuator sein. Die Pressvorrichtung kann wenigstens eine thermische Isolierung aufweisen. Die wenigstens eine thermische Isolierung kann zum Isolieren des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs, des Aktuators und/oder gegenüber einer Aufstandsfläche dienen. [0016] The pressing device may be usable by means of a robot. The pressing device can be designed as an effector for a robot. The pressing device can have a first pressing tool and a second pressing tool. The pressing device can have a connection section. The connection section can have at least one mechanical connection, at least one electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic power connection and/or at least one electrical signal connection. The pressing device can have at least one tool holder for a pressure tool. The pressing device can have at least one actuator. The at least one actuator can be used to displace the at least one pressure tool relative to a connection section of the pressing device and/or relative to at least one further pressure tool. The at least one actuator can be used to apply a compressive force. The at least one actuator can be a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic and/or hydraulic actuator. The pressing device can have at least one thermal insulation. The at least one thermal insulation can serve to insulate the at least one pressure tool, the actuator and/or from a contact area.
[0017] Die Pressvorrichtung kann eine Kontrolleinrichtung aufweisen. DieThe pressing device can have a control device. the
Kontrolleinrichtung kann zum steuerungstechnischen und/oder regelungstechnischen Kontrollieren dienen. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann eine elektrische Kontrolleinrichtung sein. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann einen Prozessor, einen Arbeitsspeicher, einen Datenspeicher, wenigstens einen Signaleingang und/oder wenigstens einen Signalausgang aufweisen. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann programmierbar sein. Mithilfe der Kontrolleinrichtung kann das wenigstens eine Druckwerkzeug, der Aktuator und/oder wenigstens ein elektrisches Widerstandsschweißelements kontrollierbar sein. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann zum Kontrollieren einer Druckkraft, insbesondere eines Druckkraftverlaufs dienen. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann zum Kontrollieren einer Temperatur, insbesondere eines Temperaturverlaufs, dienen. Die Kontrolleinrichtung kann zum Überwachen und/oder Dokumentieren eines Schweißens dienen. Control device can be used for control engineering and/or regulation engineering. The control device can be an electrical control device. The control device can have a processor, a main memory, a data memory, at least one signal input and/or at least one signal output. The control device can be programmable. The at least one pressure tool, the actuator and/or at least one electrical resistance welding element can be controlled with the aid of the control device. The control device can be used to control a compressive force, in particular a compressive force profile. The control device can be used to control a temperature, in particular one temperature profile, serve. The control device can be used to monitor and/or document welding.
[0018] Das Verfahren kann ein elektrisches Widerstandsschweißverfahren sein. Das Verfahren kann ein Pressschweißverfahren sein. Das Verfahren kann ein Kunststoffschweißverfahren sein. Das Verfahren kann zum Schweißen von Längsnähten, zum Schweißen von Umfangsnähen an Flugzeugen, zum Schweißen von Längsversteifungsstrukturen, wie Stringerprofilen in ein Hautfeld, zum Schweißen von Türversteifungsstrukturen an ein Hautfeld und/oder zum Schweißen von Überlappverbindungen und Stumpfstößen durchgeführt werden. The method can be an electrical resistance welding method. The method can be a pressure welding method. The process can be a plastic welding process. The method can be used to weld longitudinal seams, weld circumferential seams on aircraft, weld longitudinal stiffening structures such as stringers into a skin panel, weld door stiffening structures to a skin panel, and/or weld lap joints and butt joints.
[0019] Im Rahmen des Verfahrens können folgende Schritte ausgeführt werden: Anordnen eines ersten und eines zweiten miteinander zu verschweißenden Kunststoffbauteils, sodass ein Fügeabschnitt gebildet wird, dabei Einlegen wenigstens eines elektrischen Widerstandsschweißelements zwischen gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen der Kunststoffbauteile; Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile mithilfe der Pressvorrichtung; Plastifizieren der Kunststoffbauteile an den Fügekontaktflächen mithilfe des wenigstens einen Widerstandsschweißelements, um eine Schweißverbindung herzustellen; Verfestigen der Schweißverbindung; Entfernen der Pressvorrichtung. Diese Schritte können in der angegebenen Reihenfolge durchgeführt werde. Diese Schritte können zumindest teilweise einander einfach oder mehrfach überschneidend durchgeführt werde. Zwischen diesen können andere/weitere Schritte durchgeführt werden. Vor diesen Schritten und/oder nach diesen Schritten können andere/weitere Schritte durchgeführt werden. The following steps can be carried out as part of the method: arranging a first and a second plastic component to be welded together, so that a joining section is formed, at the same time inserting at least one electrical resistance welding element between common joining contact surfaces of the plastic components; pressing the plastic components together using the pressing device; plasticizing the plastic components at the joining contact surfaces using the at least one resistance welding element in order to produce a welded connection; strengthening of the welded joint; Removing the pressing device. These steps can be performed in the order given. These steps can be carried out at least partially overlapping one another once or several times. Other/additional steps can be carried out between these. Other/further steps can be performed before these steps and/or after these steps.
[0020] Die Kunststoffbauteile können einen thermoplastischen Kunststoff aufweisen. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Verstärkungsfasern aufweisen. Die Verstärkungsfasern können in den Kunststoff eingebettet sein. Der Kunststoff kann als Matrixmaterial die Verstärkungsfasern umgeben. Die Verstärkungsfasern können durch adhäsive Wechselwirkungen an das Matrixmaterial gebunden sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund-Bauteile sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können ein richtungsabhängiges Elastizitätsverhalten aufweisen. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Fahrzeugbauteile sein. Das Fahrzeug kann ein Landfahrzeug, Kraftfahrzeug, Luftfahrzeug, Wasserfahrzeug oder Raumfahrzeug sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Rumpfteile eines Luftfahrzeugs sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Flügelteile eines Luftfahrzeugs sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Versteifungsteile sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Stringerprofile sein. Die Kunststoffbauteile können Teile eines Hautfelds sein. The plastic components can have a thermoplastic material. The plastic components can have reinforcing fibers. The reinforcing fibers can be embedded in the plastic. The plastic can surround the reinforcing fibers as a matrix material. The reinforcing fibers can be bound to the matrix material by adhesive interactions. The plastic components can be fiber-plastic composite components. The plastic components can exhibit a direction-dependent elasticity behavior. The plastic components can be vehicle components. The vehicle may be a land vehicle, automobile, aircraft, watercraft, or spacecraft. The plastic components can be fuselage parts of an aircraft. The plastic components can be wing parts of an aircraft. The plastic components can be stiffening parts. The plastic components can be stringer profiles. The plastic components can be parts of a skin panel.
[0021 ] Die Kunststoffbauteile können organische Fasern, wie Aramidfasern,The plastic components can be organic fibers such as aramid fibers,
Kohlenstofffasern, Polyester-Fasern, Nylon-Fasern, Polyethylen-Fasern, Polymethylmethacrylat-Fasern und/oder anorganische Fasern, wie Basaltfasern, Borfasern, Glasfasern, Keramikfasern, Kieselsäurefasern, aufweisen. Die Fasern können als Gewebe, Gewirk, Gestrick, Geflecht oder Nähgewirke vorliegen. Die Fasern können als Textilie vorliegen. Das Fasern können einlagig oder mehrlagig vorliegen. Das Matrixmaterial kann Polyetheretherketon (PEEK), Polyphenylensulfid (PPS), Polysulfon (PSU), Polyetherimid (PEI) und/oder Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE) aufweisen. Carbon fibers, polyester fibers, nylon fibers, polyethylene fibers, polymethyl methacrylate fibers and/or inorganic fibers such as basalt fibers, boron fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, silica fibers. The fibers may be woven, knitted, crocheted, braided or stitchbonded. The fibers can be present as a textile. The fibers can be single-layer or multi-layer. The matrix material can have polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polysulfone (PSU), polyetherimide (PEI) and/or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
[0022] Die Kunststoffbauteile können elektrisch leitend oder elektrisch isolierend sein. DieThe plastic components can be electrically conductive or electrically insulating. the
Kunststoffbauteile können jeweils wenigstens eine Fügekontaktfläche aufweisen. Die wenigstens eine Fügekontaktfläche kann eben sein. Die wenigstens eine Fügekontaktfläche kann einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmt sein. Einander zugeordnete Fügekontaktflächen miteinander zu verschweißender oder verschweißter Kunststoffbauteile können als gemeinsame Fügekontaktflächen bezeichnet werden. Gemeinsame Fügekontaktflächen können in einfacher Überlappung, in einfacher Laschung oder im Stupfstoß angeordnet werden/sein. Plastic components can each have at least one joint contact surface. The at least one joining contact surface can be flat. The at least one joining contact surface can be curved once or multiple times. Plastic components that are to be welded or are welded to one another and are assigned to one another can be referred to as common joining contact surfaces. Common joint contact surfaces can be arranged in a simple overlap, in a simple lashing or in a butt joint.
[0023] Durch Anordnen gemeinsamer Fügekontaktflächen aneinander können/kann wenigstens eine Fügefläche und/oder wenigstens ein Fügeabschnitt gebildet werden/sein. Die wenigstens eine Fügefläche kann eben sein. Die wenigstens eine Fügefläche kann einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmt sein. Die wenigstens eine Fügefläche kann sich in einer Längsrichtung und in einer Querrichtung erstrecken.At least one joining surface and/or at least one joining section can be formed by arranging common joining contact surfaces on one another. The at least one joining surface can be flat. The at least one joining surface can be curved once or multiple times. The at least one joining surface can extend in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction.
Der wenigstens eine Fügeabschnitt kann in Längsrichtung und in Querrichtung begrenzt sein. Der wenigstens eine Fügeabschnitt kann durch eine Bauteilkante eines Kunststoffbauteils begrenzt sein. Die Längsrichtung kann in Erstreckungsrichtung einer x-Achse verlaufen. Die Querrichtung kann in Erstreckungsrichtung einer y- Achse verlaufen. Die Kunststoffbauteile können an ihren gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen in einer Fügerichtung gefügt werden. Die Fügerichtung kann in Erstreckungsrichtung einer z-Achse verlaufen. Die x-Achse, die y-Achse und die z- Achse können zueinander rechtwinklig angeordnet sein. The at least one joining section can be limited in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction. The at least one joining section can be delimited by a component edge of a plastic component. The longitudinal direction can run in the direction of extension of an x-axis. The transverse direction can run in the direction of extension of a y-axis. The plastic components can at their common Joining contact surfaces are joined in a joining direction. The joining direction can run in the direction of extension of a z-axis. The x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis can be arranged at right angles to each other.
[0024] Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement kann als Widerstandsheizschicht ausgebildet sein. Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement kann dazu dienen, die Kunststoffbauteile an gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen zu plastifizieren, um die Kunststoffbauteile miteinander stoffschlüssig zu verbinden. Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement kann ein elektrisches Leitermaterial aufweisen.The at least one resistance welding element can be designed as a resistance heating layer. The at least one resistance welding element can be used to plasticize the plastic components on common joining contact surfaces in order to connect the plastic components to one another in a materially bonded manner. The at least one resistance welding element can have an electrical conductor material.
Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann als Halbzeug vorliegen. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann konfektionierbar oder konfektioniert sein. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann einen relativ hohen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand und/oder eine relativ geringe Neigung zur Oxidation aufweisen. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann dazu dienen, elektrische Leistung in Wärme umzuwandeln. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann aus einem Metall und/oder aus Kohlenstoff hergestellt sein. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann zumindest abschnittsweise für plastifizierten Kunststoff durchlässig sein. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann Öffnungen aufweisen. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann gitterartig oder gewebeartig ausgeführt sein. Das elektrische Leitermaterial kann aus Drähten und/oder Fasern hergestellt sein. Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement kann wenigstens einen elektrischen Kontaktabschnitt aufweisen. Der wenigstens eine elektrische Kontaktabschnitt kann mithilfe von Elektroden elektrisch kontaktierbar sein. Der wenigstens eine elektrische Kontaktabschnitt kann außerhalb des Fügeabschnitts angeordnet sein. The electrical conductor material can be in the form of a semi-finished product. The electrical conductor material can be fabricated or fabricated. The electrical conductor material can have a relatively high specific electrical resistance and/or a relatively low tendency to oxidize. The electrical conductor material can serve to convert electrical power into heat. The electrical conductor material can be made of a metal and/or of carbon. The electrical conductor material can be permeable to plasticized plastic, at least in sections. The electrical conductor material can have openings. The electrical conductor material can be grid-like or fabric-like. The electrical conductor material can be made of wires and/or fibers. The at least one resistance welding element can have at least one electrical contact section. The at least one electrical contact section can be electrically contacted with the aid of electrodes. The at least one electrical contact section can be arranged outside of the joining section.
[0025] Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement kann zwischen gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen der Kunststoffbauteile über den Fügeabschnitt hinausragend und/oder in wenigstens einen an den Fügeabschnitt angrenzenden Fügezonenrandabschnitt hineinragend eingelegt werden/sein. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt kann unmittelbar an den Fügeabschnitt angrenzen. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt und der Fügeabschnitt können durch eine Bauteilkante eines Kunststoffbauteils voneinander abgegrenzt sein. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt kann sich ausgehend von dem Fügeabschnitt in ein Kunststoffbauteil erstrecken. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt kann sich entlang des Fügeabschnitts erstrecken. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt kann sich in einer Längsrichtung und in einer Querrichtung erstrecken. Die Längsrichtung des wenigstens einen Fügezonenrandabschnitts kann entlang des Fügeabschnitts verlaufen. Die Querrichtung kann ausgehend von dem Fügeabschnitt senkrecht in ein Kunststoffbauteil verlaufen. Der wenigstens eine Fügezonenrandabschnitt kann sich in Erstreckungsrichtung der x-Achse und/oder in Erstreckungsrichtung der y-Achse erstrecken. The at least one resistance welding element can be inserted between common joint contact surfaces of the plastic components so as to protrude beyond the joint section and/or into at least one joint zone edge section adjoining the joint section. The at least one joining zone edge section can directly adjoin the joining section. The at least one joining zone edge section and the joining section can be delimited from one another by a component edge of a plastic component. The at least one joining zone edge section can, starting from the joining section, form a Extend plastic component. The at least one joining zone edge section can extend along the joining section. The at least one joining zone edge section can extend in a longitudinal direction and in a transverse direction. The longitudinal direction of the at least one joining zone edge section can run along the joining section. Starting from the joining section, the transverse direction can run perpendicularly into a plastic component. The at least one joining zone edge section can extend in the direction of extension of the x-axis and/or in the direction of extension of the y-axis.
[0026] Zwischen dem wenigstens einen Widerstandsschweißelement und einemBetween the at least one resistance welding element and a
Kunststoffbauteil kann eine elektrische Isolierung angeordnet werden/sein. Die elektrische Isolierung kann eine vorgegebene Mindestwärmebeständigkeit aufweisen. Die elektrische Isolierung kann bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 100°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 150°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 200°C, bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 250°C und/oder bis zu einer Temperatur von ca. 300° wärmebeständig sein. Die elektrische Isolierung kann eine Folie sein. Die elektrische Isolierung kann selbstklebend sein. Die elektrische Isolierung kann aus Polyimid hergestellt sein. Plastic component can be arranged / be an electrical insulation. The electrical insulation may have a specified minimum heat resistance. The electrical insulation can be up to a temperature of approx. 100°C, up to a temperature of approx. 150°C, up to a temperature of approx. 200°C, up to a temperature of approx. 250°C and/or be heat resistant up to a temperature of approx. 300°. The electrical insulation can be a foil. The electrical insulation can be self-adhesive. The electrical insulation can be made of polyimide.
[0027] Zum Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile kann das wenigstens eineTo compress the plastic components, the at least one
Druckwerkzeug mit seinem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt an dem Fügeabschnitt und mit seinem zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt an dem wenigstens einen Fügezonenrandabschnitt angelegt werden/sein. Zum Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile kann das wenigstens eine Druckwerkzeug mit seiner Grenzlinie zumindest annähernd an einer Grenze zwischen dem Fügeabschnitt und dem wenigstens einen Fügezonenrandabschnitt angelegt werden/sein. Printing tool with its first component contact section on the joining section and with its second component contact section on the at least one joining zone edge section / be. In order to press the plastic components together, the boundary line of the at least one pressure tool can be placed at least approximately on a boundary between the joining section and the at least one joining zone edge section.
[0028] Die Kunststoffbauteile können nach dem Anordnen der Kunststoffbauteil und Bilden des Fügeabschnitts mit Einlegen des wenigstens eines elektrischen Widerstandsschweißelements zusammengepresst werden. Die Kunststoffbauteile können während dem Plastifizieren der Kunststoffbauteile an den Fügekontaktflächen und Herstellen der Schweißverbindung zusammengepresst werden. Die Kunststoffbauteile können während dem Verfestigen der Schweißverbindung zusammengepresst werden. Während dem Zusammenpressen können/kann eine Druckkraft, insbesondere ein Druckkraftverlauf, und/oder eine Temperatur, insbesondere ein Temperaturverlauf, des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs kontrolliert werden. After arranging the plastic component and forming the joining section, the plastic components can be pressed together by inserting the at least one electrical resistance welding element. The plastic components can be pressed together during the plasticizing of the plastic components at the joint contact surfaces and the production of the welded connection. The plastic components can be pressed together during the solidification of the welded connection. During the squeezing can / can a Compressive force, in particular a compressive force profile, and/or a temperature, in particular a temperature profile, of the at least one pressure tool can be controlled.
[0029] Die Druckkraft, insbesondere der Druckkraftverlauf, und/oder die Temperatur, insbesondere der Temperaturverlauf, des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs und eine Temperatur, insbesondere ein Temperaturverlauf, und/oder eine elektrische Beaufschlagung, insbesondere ein Beaufschlagungsverlauf, des wenigstens einen Widerstandsschweißelements können aufeinander abgestimmt kontrolliert werden. The compressive force, in particular the compressive force profile, and/or the temperature, in particular the temperature profile, of the at least one pressure tool and a temperature, in particular a temperature profile, and/or an electrical load, in particular a load profile, of the at least one resistance welding element can be matched to one another to be controlled.
[0030] Während dem Durchführen des Verfahrens können Informationen über dieWhile performing the method, information about the
Druckkraft, insbesondere über den Druckkraftverlauf, und/oder über die Temperatur, insbesondere über den Temperaturverlauf, erfasst, überwacht, dokumentiert und/oder gespeichert werden. Compressive force, in particular via the compressive force profile, and/or via the temperature, in particular via the temperature profile, are recorded, monitored, documented and/or stored.
[0031 ] Zusammenfassend und mit anderen Worten dargestellt ergibt sich somit durch die Erfindung unter anderem eine Druckwerkzeug-Vorrichtung für das elektrische Widerstandsschweißen. Eine Fügeverbindung bei anwendungsorientierten Bauteilmaßstäben und -geometrien kann durch Einsatz der Druckwerkzeug- Vorrichtung, die eine Kombination von Metall, vorzugsweise Invar, einen hitzebeständigen Einleger, etwa aus Silikon und Folienisolierung, sowie eine integrierte elektrische Heizung und mehrere Thermofühler-Einheiten aufweist, sowie eine passende Prozessführung gelöst werden. [0031] In summary and presented in other words, the invention results in, among other things, a pressure tool device for electrical resistance welding. A joint connection with application-oriented component scales and geometries can be achieved by using the pressure tool device, which has a combination of metal, preferably Invar, a heat-resistant insert, such as silicone and foil insulation, as well as an integrated electrical heater and several thermal sensor units, as well as a suitable litigation to be resolved.
[0032] Die Druckwerkzeug-Vorrichtung kann folgende Merkmale aufweisen: Zweiteilige (über und unter einer Fügezone), metallische Druckwerkzeuge mit Halbzeug- Oberfläche-folgenden, seitlich offenen Kontaktflächen zur flächig gleichmäßigen Übertragung von prozessseitig einstellbaren, in der Regel pneumatisch erzeugten Druckkräfte (Schweiß- und Kühldruck); Zu einem jeweils offenen Rand einer Schweißzonen (bei für Laminaten typischen Single-Lap-Verbindungen oben auf der einen Seite und unten auf der anderen Seite) und mit dem seitlich bündig oder wenige Millimeter überstehenden Schweißelement abschließende, flexibel ausgelegte Druckzone unter Verwendung eines flexiblen Druck-Einlegers (etwa wärmebeständiges Silikon) zur Ausprägung eines definierten Randbereichs, z.B. mit den Querschnitts-Abmessungen von 3x10mm (abhängig von Halbzeug-Dicke und Werkzeug-Nut-Breite), eingebracht in vorgesehener Nut der metallischen Komponente; Zweiseitige Zugänglichkeit für eine Einleitung von elektrischem Strom in das in der Fügezone eingelegte Schweißelement; Isolierung des metallischen Druckwerkzeugs durch elektrisch durchschlagsichere Folie mit hoher Wärmebeständigkeit, vorzugsweise selbstklebende Polyimid-Folie; Thermische Isolierung der Druckwerkzeug-Vorrichtung zur Umgebung (z.B. untenseitig zur Versuchsanlagen-Tisch und obenseitig zum Pneumatik-Zylinder); Mit integrierter, regelbarer und vorzugsweise elektrischer Temperierung (z.B. elektrische Heizpatronen oder -wendel oder Induktionsheizung) des gesamten Druckwerkzeugs; Je nach Fügezonengröße und Geometrie mehrfach eingebrachte Sensorik zur Temperaturüberwachung (Gleichmäßigkeit der Temperatur über der gesamten Kontaktfläche und Erfassung der Temperaturänderung während der Schweiß- und Kühlzeit) und Weiterleitung an das Prozessüberwachungssystem. The pressure tool device can have the following features: Two-piece (above and below a joining zone), metallic pressure tools with semi-finished surface-following, laterally open contact surfaces for the areal uniform transmission of process-side adjustable, usually pneumatically generated pressure forces (welding and cooling pressure); To each open edge of a welding zone (in the case of single-lap connections typical of laminates, at the top on one side and at the bottom on the other side) and with the welding element flush with the side or protruding a few millimeters, flexibly designed pressure zone using a flexible pressure Insert (such as heat-resistant silicone) for the expression of a defined edge area, eg with the cross-sectional dimensions of 3x10mm (depending on the thickness of the semi-finished product and the width of the tool groove), placed in the intended groove of the metallic component; Two-sided accessibility for introducing electric current into the welding element inserted in the joining zone; Insulation of the metallic pressure tool by electrically puncture-proof foil with high heat resistance, preferably self-adhesive polyimide foil; Thermal insulation of the pressure tool device from the environment (e.g. on the lower side to the test facility table and on the upper side to the pneumatic cylinder); With integrated, controllable and preferably electrical temperature control (e.g. electrical heating cartridges or coils or induction heating) of the entire printing tool; Depending on the size and geometry of the joining zone, sensors are installed several times for temperature monitoring (temperature uniformity over the entire contact surface and recording of the temperature change during the welding and cooling time) and forwarding to the process monitoring system.
[0033] Die Verfahrenstechnologie kann neben einer grundlegenden Schweißprozessführung folgende Merkmale aufweisen: Über den Kontaktflächen gleichmäßige Temperierung der Druckwerkzeug-Vorrichtung auf die prozessseitig erforderliche, gleichbleibende Temperatur von z.B. 150°C; Gleichmäßig verteilte Übertragung der prozessseitigen Druckkräfte auf die zu verschweißende Fläche; Aufbringung einer resultierenden, definierten Druckkraft auf den Schweißelement-Randbereich mit dem flexiblen Einleger zur Ausprägung seitlicher, definierter Schweißnahtabschlüsse und ausreichender Wärmeabfuhr in den Randbereichen während der Schweißzeit; Hohe Prozesssicherheit durch die erforderliche, vollflächige Wärmeabfuhr in allen Bereichen der Schweißelements; Kontinuierliche Erfassung der Temperaturverhältnisse währende der Prozessführung In addition to basic welding process control, the process technology can have the following features: Uniform temperature control of the pressure tool device over the contact surfaces to the constant temperature of e.g. 150° C. required on the process side; Evenly distributed transmission of the pressure forces from the process to the surface to be welded; Application of a resulting, defined compressive force to the edge area of the welding element with the flexible insert to form lateral, defined weld seam terminations and sufficient heat dissipation in the edge areas during the welding time; High process reliability due to the required full-surface heat dissipation in all areas of the welding element; Continuous recording of the temperature conditions during the process control
[0034] Die Schweißverbindung kann folgende Merkmale aufweisen: Ausprägung derThe weld may have the following features: expression of
Schweißnaht nach max. gleichverteilter Druck- und Temperatureinwirkung über der Fügezone mit möglichst kompaktem und durch hohe Kristallinität gekennzeichnetem Gefüge; Schweißnahtrandbereich mit definiert ausgeformtem und vollständig angebundenem Schweißwulst, ohne scharfkantige oder gekerbte Oberflächenbeschaffenheiten; Aus der Ausprägung und Geometrie resultierende. erhöhte mechanische Belastbarkeit der Verbindung durch eine vollflächige Anbindung und stark reduzierte Neigung einer Riss-Initiierung im Randbereich. Weld seam after maximum evenly distributed pressure and temperature exposure over the joining zone with the most compact structure possible and characterized by high crystallinity; Weld edge area with a defined, formed and fully connected weld bead, without sharp-edged or notched surface properties; Resulting from the shape and geometry. Increased mechanical resilience of the connection due to a full-surface connection and greatly reduced tendency to crack initiation in the edge area.
[0035] Mit der Erfindung wird eine Temperaturverteilung beim Schweißen verbessert. Lokale Störungen der Verbindung, wie Luftspalte, insbesondere in einem Randbereich einer Fügezone, werden vermieden. Eine kontrollierte Prozessführung wird ermöglicht oder verbessert. Eine verbesserte Verbindung zwischen Kunststoffbauteilen ermöglicht.With the invention, a temperature distribution during welding is improved. Local disturbances in the connection, such as air gaps, particularly in an edge area of a joining zone, are avoided. Controlled process management is made possible or improved. An improved connection between plastic components is made possible.
Ein automatisiertes, prozesssicheres, reproduzierbares und/oder rückverfolgbares Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen wird ermöglicht. Ein Aufwand, wie Arbeits und/oder Kostenaufwand, wird reduziert. Automated, reliable, reproducible and/or traceable welding of plastic components is made possible. An expense, such as labor and/or cost, is reduced.
[0036] Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf Figuren näher beschrieben, dabei zeigen schematisch und beispielhaft: Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to figures, which show schematically and by way of example:
Fig. 1 ein Druckwerkzeug zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen vonFig. 1 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
Kunststoffbauteilen mit einem metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt in Schnittansicht, Plastic components with a metallic first component contact section in a sectional view,
Fig. 2 ein Druckwerkzeug zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen vonFig. 2 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
Kunststoffbauteilen mit einem metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt in Frontansicht, plastic components with a metallic first component contact section in front view,
Fig. 3 ein Druckwerkzeug zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen vonFig. 3 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
Kunststoffbauteilen mit einem metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt in Draufsicht, Plastic components with a metallic first component contact section in plan view,
Fig. 4 ein Druckwerkzeug zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen vonFig. 4 shows a pressure tool for applying a compressive force when welding
Kunststoffbauteilen mit einem metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt in Seitenansicht und Plastic components with a metallic first component contact portion in side view and
Fig. 5 ein Schweißen von Kunststoff bauteilen mithilfe einer Pressvorrichtung mit zwei Druckwerkzeugen. Fig. 5 a welding of plastic components using a pressing device with two pressure tools.
[0037] Fig. 1 zeigt ein Druckwerkzeug 100 zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen mit einem metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102 in Schnittansicht. Fig. 2 zeigt das Druckwerkzeug 100 in Frontansicht. Fig. 3 zeigt das Druckwerkzeug 100 in Draufsicht. Fig. 4 zeigt das Druckwerkzeug 100 in Seitenansicht. shows a pressure tool 100 for applying a compressive force when welding plastic components with a metallic first Component contact portion 102 in sectional view. 2 shows the pressure tool 100 in a front view. 3 shows the pressure tool 100 in plan view. 4 shows the pressure tool 100 in side view.
[0038] Das Druckwerkzeug ist mit dem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102 stoffschlüssig einteilig ausgebildet und aus einer Eisen-Nickel-Legierung mit einem Masseanteil Eisen ca. 64 % und einem Masseanteil ca. Nickel 36 % hergestellt, die eine besondere Invarianz einer Dehnung bezüglich einer Temperaturänderung aufweist. The pressure tool is cohesively formed in one piece with the first component contact section 102 and is made from an iron-nickel alloy with a mass fraction of iron approximately 64% and a mass fraction of nickel approximately 36%, which has a particular invariance of a strain with respect to a temperature change .
[0039] Das Druckwerkzeug 100 weist eine leistenartige Form mit einer sich entlang einer x- Achse erstreckenden Länge, einer sich entlang einer y-Achse erstreckenden Breite, einer sich entlang einer z-Achse erstreckenden Höhe, einer Arbeitsseite 104 und einer Rückseite 106 auf. Der erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102 ist an der Arbeitsseite 104 angeordnet und als ebene Fläche ausgeführt. The pressure tool 100 has a slat-like shape with a length extending along an x-axis, a width extending along a y-axis, a height extending along a z-axis, a working side 104 and a rear side 106 . The first component contact section 102 is arranged on the working side 104 and is designed as a flat surface.
[0040] Das Druckwerkzeug 100 weist Durchgangslöcher, wie 108, und Sacklöcher, wie 1 10, zur Aufnahme von elektrischen Heizelementen und Temperatursensoren auf, mit deren Hilfe das Druckwerkzeug 100, insbesondere der erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102, thermisch kontrollierbar ist. The pressure tool 100 has through holes, such as 108, and blind holes, such as 110, for accommodating electrical heating elements and temperature sensors, with the help of which the pressure tool 100, in particular the first component contact section 102, can be thermally controlled.
[0041 ] Das Druckwerkzeug 100 weist einen gegenüber dem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102 zurückgesetzten, in Erstreckungsrichtung der x-Achse verlaufenden, nutartigen Aufnahmeabschnitt 1 12 auf. Der Aufnahmeabschnitt 1 12 dient zur Aufnahme eines aus einem hitzebeständigen Silikonkautschuk hergestellten, strangartigen, elastisch verformbaren Elements, das einen zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt des Druckwerkzeugs 100 bildet. Das elastisch verformbare Element steht in einem unverformten Zustand gegenüber dem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 102 über und ist unter Druckbelastung in den Aufnahmeabschnitt 1 12 hinein verformbar. The pressure tool 100 has a groove-like receiving section 112 which is set back in relation to the first component contact section 102 and runs in the direction of extension of the x-axis. The receiving section 112 serves to receive a strand-like, elastically deformable element made from a heat-resistant silicone rubber, which forms a second component contact section of the pressure tool 100 . In an undeformed state, the elastically deformable element projects beyond the first component contact section 102 and can be deformed into the receiving section 112 under pressure.
[0042] Fig. 5 zeigt ein Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen 200, 202 mithilfe einerFig. 5 shows a welding of plastic components 200, 202 using a
Pressvorrichtung 204 mit zwei Druckwerkzeugen 206, 208. Zu den Druckwerkzeugen 206, 208 wird ergänzende insbesondere auf Fig. 1 bis Fig. 4 und die zugehörige Beschreibung verwiesen. Die Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 sind Faser-Kunststoff- Verbund-Bauteile mit in einem thermoplastischen Matrixmaterial eingebetteten Kohlenstofffasern und mit ihren gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen in einfacher Überlappung angeordnet, wobei ein Fügeabschnitt 210 gebildet ist. Zwischen den Fügekontaktflächen der Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 ist ein elektrische Widerstandsschweißelement 212 angeordnet. Das elektrische Widerstandsschweißelement 212 ragt über den Fügeabschnitt 210 hinaus in Fügezonen randabschnitte. Pressing device 204 with two pressure tools 206, 208. Regarding the pressure tools 206, 208, reference is made in particular to FIGS. 1 to 4 and the associated description. The plastic components 200, 202 are fiber-plastic composite components embedded in a thermoplastic matrix material Carbon fibers and arranged with their common joint contact surfaces in simple overlapping, wherein a joint portion 210 is formed. An electrical resistance welding element 212 is arranged between the joining contact surfaces of the plastic components 200, 202. The electrical resistance welding element 212 protrudes beyond the joint section 210 in joint zones edge sections.
[0043] Zum Verschweißen der Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 werden die Druckwerkzeuge 206, 208 an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Fügeabschnitts 210 jeweils mit ihrem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 214, 216 an dem Fügeabschnitt 210 und mit ihrem zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 218, 220 an dem Fügezonenrandabschnitt angelegt und es wird eine Druckkraft aufgebracht, sodass die Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 an dem Fügeabschnitt 210 zwischen den Druckwerkzeuge 206, 208 zusammengepresst werden. Dabei werden die die zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitte 218, 220 bildenden elastisch verformbare Elemente in die Aufnahmeabschnitte der Druckwerkzeuge 206, 208 hinein verformt und liegen jeweils elastisch an einem über den Fügeabschnitt 210 hinausragenden Rand des elektrischenTo weld the plastic components 200, 202, the pressure tools 206, 208 are placed on opposite sides of the joining section 210 with their first component contact section 214, 216 on the joining section 210 and with their second component contact section 218, 220 on the joining zone edge section and it is a compressive force is applied, so that the plastic components 200, 202 are pressed together at the joining section 210 between the pressure tools 206, 208. The elastically deformable elements forming the second component contact sections 218, 220 are deformed into the receiving sections of the pressure tools 206, 208 and each rests elastically on an edge of the electrical
Widerstandsschweißelements 212, an einer Oberfläche eines der Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 und an einer Bauteilkante des anderen Kunststoffbauteils 202, 200 an. Anschließend wird das Widerstandsschweißelement 212 elektrisch beaufschlagt, sodass die Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 an ihren gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen plastif iziert und miteinander stoffschlüssig verbunden werden. Nach einem ausreichenden Verfestigen der Schweißverbindung wird die Pressvorrichtung 204 entfernt. Während dem Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile 200, 202 werden ein Druckkraftverlauf und ein Temperaturverlauf kontrolliert. Resistance welding element 212, on a surface of one of the plastic components 200, 202 and on a component edge of the other plastic component 202, 200. The resistance welding element 212 is then electrically charged, so that the plastic components 200, 202 are plasticized at their joint joint contact surfaces and are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner. After the weld joint has sufficiently solidified, the pressing device 204 is removed. During the pressing together of the plastic components 200, 202, a compressive force profile and a temperature profile are monitored.
[0044] Mit „kann" sind insbesondere optionale Merkmale der Erfindung bezeichnet. In particular, optional features of the invention are referred to as “can”.
Demzufolge gibt es auch Weiterbildungen und/oder Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung, die zusätzlich oder alternativ das jeweilige Merkmal oder die jeweiligen Merkmale aufweisen. Accordingly, there are also developments and/or exemplary embodiments of the invention which additionally or alternatively have the respective feature or features.
[0045] Aus den vorliegend offenbarten Merkmalskombinationen können bedarfsweise auch isolierte Merkmale herausgegriffen und unter Auflösung eines zwischen den Merkmalen gegebenenfalls bestehenden strukturellen und/oder funktionellen Zusammenhangs in Kombination mit anderen Merkmalen zur Abgrenzung des Anspruchsgegenstands verwendet werden. If necessary, isolated features can also be selected from the feature combinations disclosed here and with the resolution of a structural and/or functional feature that may exist between the features context in combination with other features to delimit the subject-matter of the claim.
Bezugszeichen 0 Druckwerkzeug 2 erster Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 4 Arbeitsseite 06 Rückseite 08 Durchgangsloch 10 Sackloch 12 Aufnahmeabschnitt 00 Kunststoffbauteil 02 Kunststoffbauteil 04 Pressvorrichtung 06 Druckwerkzeug 08 Druckwerkzeug 10 Fügeabschnitt 12 Widerstandsschweißelement 14 erster Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 16 erster Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 18 zweiter Bauteilkontaktabschnitt 20 zweiter Bauteilkontaktabschnitt Reference number 0 pressure tool 2 first component contact section 4 working side 06 rear 08 through hole 10 blind hole 12 receiving section 00 plastic component 02 plastic component 04 pressing device 06 pressure tool 08 pressure tool 10 joining section 12 resistance welding element 14 first component contact section 16 first component contact section 18 second component contact section 20 second component contact section

Claims

Patentansprüche patent claims
1 . Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) zum Aufbringen einer Druckkraft beim Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen (200, 202), das Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) aufweisend wenigstens einen metallischen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) wenigstens einen elastisch verformbaren zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) aufweist und thermisch kontrollierbar ist. 1 . Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) for applying a pressure force when welding plastic components (200, 202), the pressure tool (100, 203, 208) having at least one metallic first component contact section (102, 214, 216), characterized in that the Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) has at least one elastically deformable second component contact section (218, 220) and is thermally controllable.
2. Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine erste Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216) und der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) entlang einer Grenzlinie aneinander angrenzend angeordnet sind. 2. Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one first component contact section (102, 214, 216) and the at least one second component contact section (218, 220) are arranged adjacent to one another along a boundary line.
3. Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) einen Randabschnitt aufweist und der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) an dem Randabschnitt angeordnet ist. 3. Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure tool (100, 203, 208) has an edge section and the at least one second component contact section (218, 220) is arranged on the edge section.
4. Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) mit dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216) strukturell integriert ausgebildet ist, wenigstens einen gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216) zurückgesetzten Aufnahmeabschnitt (1 12) aufweist und der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) an dem wenigstens einen Aufnahmeabschnitt (1 12) aufgenommen ist. 4. Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure tool (100, 203, 208) is structurally integrated with the at least one first component contact section (102, 214, 216), at least one compared to the at least one first component contact section (102, 214, 216) has recessed receiving section (1 12) and the at least one second component contact section (218, 220) is received on the at least one receiving section (1 12).
5. Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine zweite Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) in einem unverformten Zustand gegenüber dem wenigstens einen ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216) übersteht und unter Druckbelastung in den Aufnahmeabschnitt (1 12) verformbar ist. 5. Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the at least one second component contact section (218, 220) protrudes in an undeformed state in relation to the at least one first component contact section (102, 214, 216) and under pressure load in the receiving section (1 12) is deformable.
6. Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) wenigstens eine Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung und/oder wenigstens einen Temperatursensor aufweist. 6. Pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure tool (100, 203, 208) has at least one heating and/or cooling device and/or at least one temperature sensor.
7. Pressvorrichtung (204) zum Zusammenpressen von Kunststoffbauteilen (200, 202) beim Schweißen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pressvorrichtung (204) wenigstens ein Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweist. 7. Pressing device (204) for pressing plastic components (200, 202) together during welding, characterized in that the pressing device (204) has at least one pressure tool (100, 203, 208) according to at least one of the preceding claims.
8. Pressvorrichtung (204) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pressvorrichtung (204) eine Kontrolleinrichtung zum Kontrollieren einer Druckkraft, insbesondere eines Druckkraftverlaufs, und/oder einer Temperatur, insbesondere eines Temperaturverlaufs, aufweist. 8. Pressing device (204) according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressing device (204) has a control device for controlling a compressive force, in particular a compressive force profile, and/or a temperature, in particular a temperature profile.
9. Verfahren zum Schweißen von Kunststoffbauteilen (200, 202), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren mithilfe einer Pressvorrichtung (204) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 8 durchgeführt wird. 9. Method for welding plastic components (200, 202), characterized in that the method is carried out using a pressing device (204) according to at least one of claims 7 to 8.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass folgende Schritte ausgeführt werden: Anordnen eines ersten und eines zweiten miteinander zu verschweißenden Kunststoffbauteils (200, 202), sodass ein Fügeabschnitt (210) gebildet wird, dabei Einlegen wenigstens eines elektrischen Widerstandsschweißelements (212) zwischen gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen der Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202); Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202) mithilfe der Pressvorrichtung (204); Plastifizieren der Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202) an den Fügekontaktflächen mithilfe des wenigstens einen Widerstandsschweißelements (212), um eine Schweißverbindung herzustellen; Verfestigen der Schweißverbindung; Entfernen der Pressvorrichtung (204). 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the following steps are carried out: arranging a first and a second plastic component (200, 202) to be welded together so that a joining section (210) is formed, at the same time inserting at least one electrical resistance welding element (212) between common joining contact surfaces of the plastic components (200, 202); pressing the plastic components (200, 202) together using the pressing device (204); plasticizing the plastic components (200, 202) at the joining contact surfaces using the at least one resistance welding element (212) in order to produce a welded connection; strengthening of the welded joint; removing the pressing device (204).
1 1 . Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das wenigstens eine Widerstandsschweißelement (212) zwischen gemeinsamen Fügekontaktflächen der Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202) über den Fügeabschnitt (210) hinausragend und/oder in wenigstens einen an den Fügeabschnitt (210) angrenzenden Fügezonenrandabschnitt hineinragend eingelegt wird. 1 1 . Method according to at least one of Claims 9 to 10, characterized in that the at least one resistance welding element (212) between common joint contact surfaces of the plastic components (200, 202) protrudes beyond the joint section (210) and/or in at least one the joining section (210) adjoining the joining zone edge section is inserted so that it projects.
12. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Zusammenpressen der Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202) das wenigstens eine Druckwerkzeug (100, 203, 208) mit seinem ersten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (102, 214, 216) an dem Fügeabschnitt (210) und mit seinem zweiten Bauteilkontaktabschnitt (218, 220) an dem wenigstens einen Fügezonenrandabschnitt angelegt wird. 12. The method according to at least one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that for pressing the plastic components (200, 202) together, the at least one pressure tool (100, 203, 208) with its first component contact section (102, 214, 216) on the Joining section (210) and with its second component contact section (218, 220) is applied to the at least one joining zone edge section.
13. Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während dem Zusammenpressen eine Druckkraft, insbesondere ein Druckkraftverlauf, und/oder eine Temperatur, insbesondere ein Temperaturverlauf, des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs (100, 203, 208) kontrolliert werden/wird. 13. The method according to at least one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that during the pressing together a compressive force, in particular a compressive force curve, and/or a temperature, in particular a temperature curve, of the at least one pressure tool (100, 203, 208) are monitored/ becomes.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckkraft, insbesondere der Druckkraftverlauf, und/oder die Temperatur, insbesondere der Temperaturverlauf, des wenigstens einen Druckwerkzeugs (100, 203, 208) und eine Temperatur, insbesondere ein Temperaturverlauf, und/oder eine elektrische Beaufschlagung, insbesondere ein Beaufschlagungsverlauf, des wenigstens einen Widerstandsschweißelements (212) aufeinander abgestimmt kontrolliert werden. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the compressive force, in particular the compressive force curve, and/or the temperature, in particular the temperature curve, of the at least one pressure tool (100, 203, 208) and a temperature, in particular a temperature curve, and/or an electrical loading, in particular a loading course, of the at least one resistance welding element (212) can be controlled in a coordinated manner.
15. Kunststoffmodul mit wenigstens zwei miteinander verschweißten Kunststoffbauteilen (200, 202), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens zwei Kunststoffbauteile (200, 202) gemäß einem Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14 verschweißt sind. 15. Plastic module with at least two plastic components (200, 202) welded together, characterized in that the at least two plastic components (200, 202) are welded according to a method according to at least one of claims 9 to 14.
EP22719874.4A 2021-03-30 2022-03-30 Pressure tool, pressing apparatus and method for welding plastics components Pending EP4313560A1 (en)

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US3975885A (en) * 1972-03-02 1976-08-24 Carlisle Richard S Methods for producing filled containers
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US5019027A (en) * 1990-03-09 1991-05-28 The Dow Chemical Company Method and apparatus for sealing reclosable flexible containers without spot sealing
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