EP4298740A1 - Point d'accès de communication par la lumière, et procédés utilisant ce point d'accès - Google Patents
Point d'accès de communication par la lumière, et procédés utilisant ce point d'accèsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4298740A1 EP4298740A1 EP22710668.9A EP22710668A EP4298740A1 EP 4298740 A1 EP4298740 A1 EP 4298740A1 EP 22710668 A EP22710668 A EP 22710668A EP 4298740 A1 EP4298740 A1 EP 4298740A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- access point
- light
- zone
- modulated light
- shutter device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/1149—Arrangements for indoor wireless networking of information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of wireless communication by light, and more specifically to a communication access point by light.
- LiFi (English acronym for Light Fidelity) is a wireless communication technology based on the use of visible light, wavelength between 480 nm and 650 nm. LiFi technology appeared a few years ago to replace WiFi technology (anglo-Saxon acronym for Wireless Fidelity) with drawbacks related to electromagnetic interference and the lack of confidentiality of information exchanged between an access point and terminals.
- This LiFi technology commonly uses lighting fixtures producing diffused light, each of which performs the function of a communication access point, the distribution of the light rays of which is substantially homogeneous in the illuminated area so that the terminals present in this illuminated area can exchange information with the access point.
- Diffuse light produces omnidirectional light rays propagating in the environment by reflections on the obstacles present (walls, partitions, objects, etc.). These light rays, when modulated to transmit data, reach the terminals at varying times depending on the number of reflections. This results in a limitation of the data transmission bandwidth by the communication access point to the terminals.
- document US 5,528,391 discloses a light communication system comprising a modulated light transmitter comprising an omnidirectional light source, a modulated light, and a light shutter device capable of being digitally controlled to shut off the passage of the modulated light emitted by the emitter over the entire active surface of the light device with the exception of one or more non-shuttered zones, and consequently creating, in a predetermined global coverage zone, a non-communication sub-zone and one or more communication sub-zones.
- the light shutter device is a normally opaque LCD screen which can be, by digital control, made transmissive only for the communication sub-area(s).
- a single variable-position communication sub-zone can thus be created to scan through the LCD screen in a search mode for the terminals present in the system's coverage zone.
- one or more communication sub-zones fixed in position can then be created to allow communication with each of the terminals present in the zone covered by the system.
- the unobturated zones have a circular or oval shape of fixed size and sufficiently small compared to the size of the opaque screen, so as to guarantee a reduction in the multiple reflections caused by the use of a source of omnidirectional light, and consequently an improvement in the bandwidth of the system.
- the first object of the present invention is a light communication access point, comprising a modulated light transmitter and a modulated light receiver, said access point being capable of transmitting and receiving information via light modulated in a predetermined global coverage zone, and comprising a light shutter device, the light shutter device being capable of being digitally controlled to shut off the passage of the modulated light emitted by the transmitter at the level of one or more so-called zones shuttered, variable in number, shape, dimensions and position on the light shutter device, and accordingly dividing said predetermined global coverage area into one or more non-communication sub-areas and into one or more communication sub-areas, characterized in that the access point further comprises a casing provided with an outlet orifice for the modulated light emitted by the transmitter and with an inlet orifice e of modulated light, the modulated light receiver being adapted to receive the modulated light entering the access point through the said inlet orifice, in that the light shutter device is interposed between the modulated light emitter and the said exit orifice, in that the modul
- the modulated light emitter may include at least one LED and the modulated light receiver may include at least one photodiode.
- the modulated light emitter can emit visible or non-visible light, and the modulated light receiver can receive visible or non-visible light.
- the light shutter device is an LCD screen or a transmissive DMD device, controlled to stop, at said one or more so-called shuttered zones, the light rays emitted by the light emitter modulated.
- the access point comprises a control device configured to digitally control the modulated light transmitter, the modulated light receiver and the light shutter device.
- the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice are separate.
- the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice coincide, and thus form an inlet/outlet orifice.
- the modulated light emitter and the modulated light receiver can advantageously be placed relative to each other so that light rays leaving and entering the access point follow substantially the same optical path.
- the invention also relates to a light communication system, characterized in that it comprises at least one access point according to the first object.
- the invention also relates to a method for locating a terminal capable of communicating with an access point according to the first object, said method comprising at least one iterative process of searching for the position of a terminal at inside the global coverage area of the access point according to the first object comprising, for each iteration:
- the search sub-zone is, at each iteration, a non-communication sub-zone corresponding to the closed zone on the light shutter device, the location of a terminal being determined on the basis of the non-receipt of a response message to the inquiry message.
- the search sub-zone is a communication sub-zone corresponding to an unobturated zone on the light shutter device, the location of a terminal being determined on the basis of the receipt of a response message to the query message.
- the predefined modification rule may consist in moving said closed area to a fixed position at each iteration, so that the displacement of the search sub-zone over several iterations follows a predetermined path to scan the global coverage zone without interruption.
- Another object of the invention is a method for creating a secure communication link between a light communication access point according to the first object of the invention and at least one terminal capable of communicating with said access point.
- This method consists in digitally controlling the light shutter device of the access point according to the first object of the invention to generate, over a period covering at least one transmission period of a message by the modulated light emitter of the point access point to said at least one terminal, one or more non-communication sub-zones over the entire global coverage zone of the access point except for at least one confidential communication sub-zone in which only said at least terminal is present.
- the light shutter device is digitally controlled either to generate a single confidential communication sub-zone in which several terminals to which said message is dedicated are present, or to generate a sub-zone of separate confidential communication for each terminal to which said message is dedicated.
- said duration also covers the duration necessary to receive on the receiver of the access point a response from said at least one terminal to said message.
- the method may comprise a preliminary phase of locating the terminal implementing the above locating method.
- the invention also relates to a method for protecting the communication access point by light against the presence of a stray light source, characterized in that it comprises a detection step of presence of a stray light source in the predetermined global coverage area of an access point according to the first object, and for a detected stray light source:
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates a light communication system using one or more access points according to a first possible embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents two views (a) and (b) illustrating the principle of the generation of non-communication and communication sub-zones of an access point in accordance with the invention; [00028] [fig. 3] FIG. 3 illustrates possible steps for a method for locating a communicating terminal using an access point according to the invention;
- Figure 4 illustrates the principle of a search for a terminal in the coverage area of an access point according to a possible implementation of the location method of Figure 3;
- Figure 5 illustrates the principle of a search for a terminal in the coverage area of an access point according to another possible implementation of the location method of Figure 3;
- Figure 6 illustrates a principle of creating confidential communication zones using an access point according to the invention
- FIG. 7 represents possible steps for a method of creating a secure communication link between an access point in accordance with the invention and at least one terminal able to communicate with this access point;
- Figure 8 illustrates a principle of protection of an access point according to the invention against the presence of stray light sources
- FIG. 9 represents possible steps for a method of protecting an access point according to the invention against the presence of stray light sources
- Figure 10 schematically illustrates an access point according to a second embodiment according to the present invention
- Figure 11 schematically illustrates a first side view (a) of the access point of figure 10, and a second side view (b) of an alternative embodiment of the access point of figure 10.
- the present invention is based on the fact that the directivity of the propagation of light rays (visible or not), unlike radio waves, can be used to divide the global coverage area of an access point into one or more non-communication sub-zones and one or more communication sub-zones.
- non-communication sub-zone we mean any sub-zone non-illuminated area inside the global coverage area of the access point, so that any transmission of information by light from the access point to a communicating object (typically a terminal of the fixed PC type, PC laptop, smart mobile phone or tablet) present in the sub-zone is made impossible.
- communication sub-area means any illuminated sub-area within the global coverage area of the access point, so that a communicating object can receive information by modulated light transmitted by the access point.
- the present invention proposes a light communication access point capable of dividing its global coverage area into any number of communication or non-communication sub-areas, these sub-areas being variable in number, shape, dimensions and position in the global coverage area of the access point, so as to make possible, respectively impossible, the transmission of information by light from the access point to communicating objects located in a communication sub-zone, respectively in a non-communication sub-zone.
- the global coverage area can be in its entirety a communication area, that is to say a single communication sub-area, where several communicating objects can receive separately or simultaneously (for example by broadcasting to all communicating objects) the same information; in other words, the number of communication sub-zones can start at one and progress according to need.
- the dimensions of the communication zone or sub-zone the maximum dimensions corresponding to the total surface of the global coverage zone to decrease to very low low values.
- the shapes of the communication zone or sub-zones may vary according to combinations of straight and/or curved lines depending on the functionalities. As will appear more clearly in the remainder of the description, this ability to create, dynamically or not, such sub-zones, opens the way to new functionalities.
- Figure 1 illustrates in particular the block diagram of an access point 1 for communication by light according to a first possible embodiment of the invention.
- the access point 1 is used in a more general light communication system, in which a plurality of access points 1 (three in Figure 1) conforming to the invention are used to allow data exchanges via a data communication network 2, between, on the one hand, communicating objects, such as the communicating terminals 3a, 3b, 3c in FIG. 1, present in the global coverage area, delimited by the light transmission/reception cone Ce, of each access point 1, and on the other hand, local or remote computers and/or servers, such as a central control device 4 and/or a specific safety device 5 whose roles will be explained later.
- the general light communication system can also comprise only a single access point 1 in accordance with the invention.
- the access point 1 comprises, preferably inside a casing, a light emission/reception module 10, an objective (or optical unit) 11 making it possible to transmit light rays emitted by the transmission/reception module 10 in the global coverage zone associated with the access point 1, and delimited by the light transmission/reception cone Ce, and to concentrate the light rays emitted by any communicating object present in this zone coverage so that they are received by the transmission / reception module 10, and a control device 12.
- the module 10 for transmitting/receiving modulated light comprises at least one transmitter, typically a modulated light source (not shown), for transmitting information by light to the communicating terminals present in the coverage area of the point of access 1, and at least one light receiver (not shown) to receive the modulated light carrying information transmitted by the communicating objects present in the coverage area of the access point 1.
- the modulated light source of the module 10 d emission/reception of modulated light is directive, and comprises, for example, at least one LED whose photometric distribution curve is narrow and centered on the optical axis of the access point 1 to transmit the information to the communicating objects.
- the access point 1 can have an additional lighting function, without this being compulsory.
- the access point 1 can therefore exchange information in visible and/or invisible light. It can for example, via the transmitter and the receiver of the transmission/reception module 10:
- the fact of bringing together the light source and the associated receiver within the same transmission/reception module 10 advantageously guarantees that the transmitter and the receiver are placed close to each other, so that the light rays leaving and entering the access point 1 substantially follow the same optical path, inside the coverage zone and the light emission/reception cone Ce associated with the access point 1.
- the modulated light emitter and the modulated light receiver can be completely independent, that is to say not grouped together within the same module.
- the lens (or optical unit) 11 is interposed between the transmission/reception module 10 and an entry/exit orifice 13 of the light from the housing of the access point 1, and makes it possible to define the cone Access Point 1 Light Transmit/Receive Ce.
- this lens 11 preferably includes the combination of a collimating lens 11a and a diverging lens 11b, or any combination of lenses making it possible to define this cone Ce.
- the optical block 11 is configured so as to allow the access point 1 to transmit, over the entire predetermined global coverage zone Zc delimited by the emission cone Ce / reception of light, divergent light rays emitted by the modulated light emitter 10 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- These divergent rays forming a beam contained in the cone Ce unlike the omnidirectional rays, undergo little, even no thoughts on the route that takes them to the communicating terminals.
- the time difference of arrival between a direct ray and a reflected ray (if it exists) carrying the same information is reduced. Since this time difference is zero or even very small, it does not reduce the passband of the data stream transmitted by the modulated light.
- the control device 12 includes all the means necessary to control the conventional functions of a LiFi type access point. This is for example a microcontroller connected on the one hand to the information communication network 2 by a two-way data communication link 6, for example of the Ethernet type, and on the other hand to various constituent elements of the access point 1, in particular to the module 10 for transmitting/receiving modulated light.
- a microcontroller connected on the one hand to the information communication network 2 by a two-way data communication link 6, for example of the Ethernet type, and on the other hand to various constituent elements of the access point 1, in particular to the module 10 for transmitting/receiving modulated light.
- the control device 12 is configured to perform the conventional functions of modulation and demodulation of light signals according to the IEEE 802.15.7 standard, for example by a succession of on-off states (On Off Keying, OOK, in English terminology), or by modulation in pulse position (Variable Pulse-Position Modulation, VPPM, in Anglo-Saxon terminology), or else by modulation by variation of color (Color-Shift Keying, CSK, in Anglo-Saxon terminology).
- the access point 1 further comprises a light shutter device 14, controlled for example by the control device 12, and interposed between the light emission/reception module 10 and the orifice 13 for entry/exit of the light.
- This light shutter device 14 is capable of being digitally controlled to shut off the passage of modulated light at the level of one or more so-called shuttered zones of the shutter device 14, which has the consequence of dividing the predetermined global coverage zone into at least at least one communication sub-zone and at least one non-communication sub-zone, so as to make transmissions of information respectively possible or impossible from the access point to the communicating objects located in its global coverage zone.
- the light shutter device 14 is used to spatially modulate the light by making it possible to vary the quantity of the light rays leaving the access point 1 by the partial or total suppression of the light rays leaving to create sub-zones not illuminated by the access point (corresponding to the non-communication sub-zones) and sub-zones illuminated by the access point (corresponding to the communication sub-zones).
- a communicating object located in a non-communication sub-zone cannot receive the light rays emitted by the transmitter of access point 1, making it impossible to receive information transmitted by access point 1 to this communicating object. Only the information transmitted via access point 1 is received by communicating objects present in the communication sub-zones of the global coverage zone of this access point.
- the reference Zo represents a closed zone on the surface of the light shutter device 14 to which corresponds a sub-zone of non-communication SZNC in the global coverage zone Zc of the access point 1 in which the communicating terminal 3b is located.
- the closed zone Zo prevents the passage of any light ray, that that it comes from the transmitter of the modulated light transmission/reception module 10 or from the terminal 3b.
- the rest of the surface of the light shutter device 14 defines one or more unobturated zones (for example an unobturated zone referenced ZNO in view (a) of FIG. 2) to which correspond one or more sub-zones of communication in which the communicating terminals 3a and 3c are located (for example the communication sub-zone SZc in view (a) of FIG. 2).
- These two communicating terminals 3a and 3c can therefore exchange information with the transmission/reception module 10, as shown in FIG. 1 by the bidirectional arrows of the associated optical paths.
- View (b) of Figure 2 illustrates another non-limiting example in which the closed zone Zo and the unclosed zone ZNO on the device 14 have been inverted with respect to the case of view (a), so that a communication sub-zone Szc and a non-communication sub-zone SZNC are also inverted.
- the global coverage zone Zc of the access point (shown here as a plane intersecting the cone Ce) corresponds to the illuminated zone when no closed zone is created on the active surface of the shutter device 14 of the access point. light.
- the light shutter device 14 can be an LCD screen (Case shown in Figure 1) operating in a known manner in transmissive mode, controlled by the control device 12 to allow the light rays emitted by the transmitter to pass or locally stop. modulated light. More precisely, the LCD screen is controlled to stop, at the zone or zones Zo said to be closed, the light rays emitted by the light source of the transmission/reception module 10, and to allow the light rays to pass for the zone or zones Zo. unobstructed ZNO zones.
- the light shutter device 14 is a DMD device (Case not shown) (English acronym for Digital Micromirror Device).
- a DMD device is commonly used in video projectors. It is an integrated circuit, belonging to the family of MOEMS (Anglo-Saxon acronym for Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems), comprising a very large number of micro-mirrors, from a few hundred thousand to several million, associated with at least one lens optical. Each micro-mirror can take two positions.
- a micro-mirror can tilt typically from -12 degrees to +12 degrees to reflect light rays, either towards a projection lens or towards an absorbing surface, each micro-mirror acting as a light switch.
- the modulated light source of the transmission/reception module 10 is oriented towards the DMD device which reflects the light rays to illuminate in the global coverage area while generating one or more sub-areas of communication SZc or non-communication SZNC according to the inclination of the micro-mirrors controlled by the control device 12.
- the global coverage area can be in its entirety a communication area, that is to say a single communication sub-area, where several communicating objects can separately or simultaneously receive the same information.
- this shutter device 14 can also be controlled so as not to shut off any zone and to generate a single communication sub-zone corresponding in fact to the global coverage area Zc. In other words, the presence of the shutter device 14 in no way prevents the ability of the access point 1 to be able to establish multipoint connections over the entire global coverage zone Zc.
- the light shutter device 14 is preferably centered on the optical axis of the lens 11.
- the light shutter device 14 is advantageously placed in the lens or optical block 11, between the collimating lens 11a and the diverging lens 11b.
- the collimating lens 11a is advantageously configured to allow the transmitter of the access point 1 to illuminate almost the entire active surface of the shutter device 14.
- the access point 1 can comprise several modules 10 for transmitting/receiving modulated light, to simultaneously use several bands of the visible spectrum (for example red, green and blue) or not.
- each modulated light emission/reception module 10 (or each pair of emitter/receiver in the case where the latter are not grouped together within the same module) is associated with a light shutter device , such as the device 14 described above.
- the architecture of the light communication system represented schematically in FIG. 1 is similar to that of well-known Wi-Fi communication systems.
- the communication system preferably comprises at least one central control device 4 in charge of controlling the device 12 for controlling each access point 1 in order to control the associated shutter device 14 .
- the communication system may require several central control devices.
- the central control device can be, for example, a computer connected to the communication network 2 or a control software function housed in information processing equipment existing in the network. It includes at least the software means for performing, thanks to the shutter devices of the access points according to the first embodiment, various functionalities which will be described below, such as for example:
- the central control device 4 implements the operations necessary for the realization of one or more of the functions mentioned above, and determines the information to be transmitted to each access point 1 so that the latter transforms them into digital controls for the device 14 shutter.
- an access point 1 according to the first embodiment in accordance with the present invention allows on its own (by its control device 12), or associated with the communication system of FIG. 1, to achieve three functionalities which will now be described:
- a location method implemented by a system using the access point 1 in accordance with the invention (even in certain cases by the access point 1 alone) has the advantage of being economical because it can performing the location operation with a single access point and does not require any specific application in the terminal to be located, apart from the ability of the communicating terminal to exchange modulated light messages with the access point 1. steps implemented by a method 100 of possible localization in accordance with the invention are explained below with reference to FIG. 3:
- the location process is preferably implemented by the central control device 4 to which is connected at least one access point 1. Nevertheless, the location process could also be implemented for a single access point. access 1 operating alone, the steps then being implemented at the level of the control device 12 of the access point 1.
- the operation of locating the terminals present in the coverage area of the access point 1 is preferably carried out for terminals previously associated with the access point, the latter (and/or the central control device 4) storing the identifiers of the associated terminals (step 110 of FIG. 3).
- the association of the terminals to the access point 1, the sequencing and the format of the messages exchanged preferably comply with the standards of the 802.11 family.
- the method 100 comprises at least one iterative process of searching for the position of a terminal within the global coverage zone Zc of the point access 1 .
- Each iteration i includes:
- a step 120 during which the light shutter device 14 of the access point 1 is digitally controlled to shut off the passage of the modulated light at the level of a shuttered zone, so as to divide the global coverage zone Zc of the point access into a search sub-zone and a search-excluded sub-zone.
- the closed zone is also modified at each iteration i according to a predefined modification rule, examples of which will be given below;
- the location of a terminal is then determined on the basis of the monitoring, at each iteration, of the reception or non-receipt by the receiver of the access point of a message from response to the query message (step 140).
- the interrogation message comprises first information intended for the communicating terminal(s) present in its coverage zone Zc.
- the first piece of information comprises at least the identifier of the access point 1 and possibly one or more other pieces of information such as: the identifier of a terminal to be located (stored in step 110), information representing a command predetermined (for example, location request, request for the technical characteristics of the communicating terminal, sending of map information, etc.).
- Any communicating terminal that receives the interrogation message responds to it by sending a response message comprising a second item of information.
- the second piece of information comprises at least the identifier of the terminal transmitting the response message and possibly one or more other pieces of information such as: the identifier of the access point 1 having transmitted the interrogation message, information representing the response for the command contained in the last first piece of information received (for example response for location, technical characteristics of the terminal, confirmation of graphic information received, etc.).
- the search sub-zone is, at each iteration i, a non-communication sub-zone corresponding to the closed zone on the device 14 light shutter.
- the location of a terminal is determined based on the non-receipt of a response message to the query message. Indeed, in this case, the interrogation message emanating from the access point 1 is transmitted throughout the global coverage zone Zc, with the exception of the search sub-zone since the latter here corresponds to a closed zone. of the shutter device 14.
- the search sub-zone (and consequently the closed zone on the shutter device 14) is modified at each iteration until its position coincides with that of the terminal to be located.
- This coincidence position corresponds to the position of the search sub-zone for which the terminal to be located can no longer receive the interrogation message and therefore cannot respond to it.
- the absence of response and the knowledge of the control parameters of the shutter device 14 representative of the position of the place of coincidence make it possible to determine the location of the terminal which has not responded.
- the search sub-zone is, at each iteration i, a communication sub-zone corresponding to an unobturated zone on the light shutter device 14 .
- the location of a terminal is then determined on the basis of the reception of a response message to the interrogation message. Indeed, in this case, the interrogation message emanating from the access point 1 is only transmitted in the search sub-zone.
- the search sub-zone (and therefore the unobturated zone on the shutter device 14) is modified at each iteration until its position coincides with that of the terminal to be located.
- this coincidence position here corresponds to the position of the search sub-zone for which the terminal to be located receives the interrogation message and responds thereto.
- Determining the location of a terminal on the map of the places covered by one or more access points 1 requires knowing the shape and dimensions of the coverage areas Zc and the location and orientation of each access point 1. The location and orientation constituting the reference of an access point listed on the site plan.
- the search sub-zone can be of variable shape and area, depending on the rule used to modify this search sub-zone at each iteration, and depending on the desired location precision. The smaller the area of the search sub-area, the greater the accuracy.
- the choice of the rule used to modify the search sub-zone from one iteration to another depends on multiple factors that are often combined with each other, such as the nature of the terminals to be located, the vocation and configuration of the premises, location accuracy and speed.
- the terminals can be (i) unintelligent such as transponders associated with stationary or mobile objects, or (ii) intelligent terminals such as smartphones.
- the places can be shared workspaces, storage spaces, station halls, waiting rooms or hospital corridors and rooms. Accuracy and speed of localization are two antagonistic notions, however, according to particular embodiments it is possible to achieve accurate and rapid localization.
- FIG. 4 schematically represents the principle of the iterative search process in the case where the closed zone on the shutter device 14 is of identical shape and size from one iteration to another, the predefined modification rule consisting in moving this closed zone (and therefore the SZR search sub-zone which corresponds to it) towards a fixed position at each iteration, so that the movement of the search sub-zone over several iterations follows a predetermined path to scan without discontinuity the global coverage zone Zc, until obtaining the position of coincidence of the search sub-zone SZR with that of the terminal, identified in FIG. 4 by the point bearing the reference 3.
- the zone of global coverage Zc and the search sub-zone SZR are of square shape: the search sub-zone SZR is moved continuously from a angle to follow the route T chosen here in the form of round trips parallel to one of the sides of the global coverage area Zc, at each change in direction of travel, the route is shifted by a dimension equal to the side of the square forming the SZR sub-search area.
- the SZR search sub-zone can scan the coverage area without interruption up to the position of coincidence with terminal 3 to be located.
- FIG. 5 schematically represents the case where two iterative processes are carried out successively.
- the coverage area Zc is square in shape.
- the first process view (a) of FIG. 5
- it is chosen to generate a first search sub-zone SZRI of rectangular shape, the length of which is equal to the dimension of a first side of the coverage zone Zc and whose low-dimensional width determines the accuracy of the location.
- This first search sub-zone SZRI is moved at each iteration of the first process along a first path Ti extending parallel to the second side of the coverage zone until the position of coincidence with the terminal 3 to be located is obtained. .
- the second iterative process view (b) in FIG.
- the closed zone (and consequently the SZR search sub-zone) can have a variable shape and surface from one iteration to another, and the predefined modification rule can consist of in particular, to decrease the surface of the closed zone and to modify its position between two successive iterations, so as to proceed by elimination of zones of absence of the terminal to be located and/or by selection of zones of presence of the terminal to be located.
- this first half is eliminated and the search continues in a second step in the second half according to the same principle by closing off half of the remaining zone. If the terminal is present, this first half is selected to undertake in a second step a search for the precise location of the terminal by dividing the area by two at each step until the desired precision is obtained.
- the search sub-zone is moved and/or modified in the coverage zone according to a statistical modification rule taking into account the history of positions and/or according to the relevance of the presence of a particular terminal in a particular location within the coverage area. For example, in a station or airport hall, motorized luggage transport vehicles will be searched for in the traffic lanes and not in the waiting areas reserved for travellers. In addition, depending on train or plane timetables, vehicles will be searched for in priority in the usual parking spaces or in the traffic lanes.
- the access point 1 in accordance with the present invention can be used to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by making it possible to establish a secure point-to-point or point-to-multipoint optical link between the access point and a or many communicating terminals present in the global coverage zone Zc of the access point 1.
- the present invention proposes a method for creating a secure communication link between an access point 1 for communication by light in accordance with the invention and at least one terminal capable of communicating with this point of access.
- access 1 essentially consists in digitally controlling the light shutter device 14 of the access point 1 to generate, over a period covering at least one transmission period, a message emitted by the modulated light emitter of the point access point 1 to said at least one terminal, one or more non-communication sub-zones over the entire global coverage zone Zc of the access point 1, with the exception of at least one sub-zone confidential communication in which only said at least one terminal is present.
- Figure 6 schematically illustrates a non-limiting example in which the shutter device (not shown in this figure) of the access point 1 has been digitally controlled so that the global coverage zone Zc of the access point is found here divided into a non-communication sub-zone SZI NC (corresponding to the hatched part) and two confidential communication sub-zones SZic, SZ 2C .
- Each confidential communication sub-zone can be located either at a predetermined location in the global coverage area Zc during a configuration operation of the access point 1, or at a location in the coverage area global determined by a prior operation of locating the terminal in the global coverage zone Zc.
- the position, shape and dimensions of the confidential communication sub-zones can be fixed in advance. as having to correspond to the location of the tables or desks in the premises.
- a prior operation for locating a communicating terminal wishing to establish a secure point-to-point connection with the access point 1 is necessary in order to be able to dynamically create the confidential communication sub-zone.
- the preliminary location operation is preferably carried out only when it is necessary, for example following a request for communication between a terminal or a computer and a local or remote server via the Internet requiring a secure link.
- the prior location operation can advantageously be carried out by specifically controlling the shutter device 14 of the access point 1 according to any of the location methods described above.
- each confidential communication sub-zone (and therefore the shapes and dimensions of the corresponding closed and unclosed zones on the shutter device of the access point 1) can be adapted to cover the location of a single communicating terminal, or of a plurality of terminals, preferably assigned to the same user.
- a small surface workspace for example in a company
- several terminals can be located in the same confidentiality zone of suitable dimensions, this is the case of a small surface workspace where a user has a computer and a printer.
- the light shutter device of the access point 1 can be digitally controlled to generate a confidential communication sub-zone in which several terminals to which said message is dedicated are present, or to generate a sub-zone -distinct confidential communication zone for each terminal to which said message is dedicated.
- the confidential communication sub-zones are generated over a period covering at least one transmission period of a message emitted by the modulated light emitter of the point of access 1 in order to guarantee the confidentiality of the downlink message. [00090] It is nevertheless possible to also provide for this duration to exceed the duration necessary for the transmission of the information message intended for the terminal, in order in particular to allow the access point 1 to also receive the response from the terminal.
- a method for creating secure communication link(s) according to any one of the variants described above can be implemented at the level of the access point 1.
- the access point 1 control device 12 which is configured to digitally control the shutter device 14 to generate the confidential communication sub-zone(s).
- the method for creating secure communication link(s) according to any one of the variants described above can be implemented at the level of a system using the access point 1 in accordance with the invention, such as the system of FIG. 1.
- the shutter device 14 can remain digitally controlled by its associated control device 12, which preferably receives the instructions from the central control device 4.
- FIG. 7 summarizes the steps that can be implemented as explained above for a method 200 for creating secure communication link(s).
- the method 200 begins with a step 210 making it possible to determine the location of a terminal in the global coverage zone Zc of the access point.
- the method 200 continues with a step 220 during which the light shutter device 14 of the access point 1 is controlled to generate, over a duration covering at least one transmission duration, a message emitted by the light emitter modulated from access point 1 to said at least one terminal, one or more non-communication sub-zones over the entire global coverage zone Zc of access point 1 except for at least one confidential communication sub-zone wherein only said at least one terminal is present.
- a stray light source can be a natural light source, or a malicious light source.
- Natural parasitic sources can be, for example, reflections of non-modulated light sources on objects located in the coverage area of the access point or produced during the machining of metal parts, this is the case for sources of light produced by showers of grinding sparks or by autogenous or arc welding operations. The duration of these reflections can vary from a few fractions of a second to several tens of minutes. Reception anomalies, due to an unmodulated source, lasting from a few tens of milliseconds to approximately one second, as is the case for example of a fleeting reflection, are acceptable. On the other hand, if the duration of the anomalies is excessive or if these reception anomalies are repeated several times for too long a period, it is necessary to find a solution to eliminate these reception anomalies.
- Malicious parasitic sources are light sources placed in the light coverage area of an access point with the aim of impairing its proper functioning. These malicious sources can be of different natures, such as:
- the light shutter device 14 finds itself not only interposed between the transmitter and the input/output orifice, but also between the receiver and the input/output orifice. exit. Consequently, the shutter device 14 can be used to block not only downlink transmissions, but also uplink transmissions.
- the access point 1 can thus be advantageously used to neutralize the effects of parasitic light sources, such as the parasitic source 8 illustrated in FIG. 8, thanks to a method 300 of protection of the communication access point 1 by light , the essential steps of which are summarized in Figure 9.
- the method 300 comprises a step 310 of detecting the presence of a stray light source in the predetermined global coverage zone Zc of the access point 1. Then, for a detected stray light source, the method 300 proceeds continues with:
- a step 330 consisting in digitally controlling the light shutter device 14 of the access point 1 to generate, in the global coverage area Zc of the access point 1, a non-communication sub-area covering said location.
- the method 300 above can be implemented either at the level of the access point 1 alone (in which case the steps are controlled by the control device 12 of the access point), or at the level of a more global system such as that shown schematically in FIG. 1 (in which case the steps are preferably controlled by the central control device 4 and the specific security device 5).
- the unmodulated light rays from a natural or malevolent parasitic source received by the light receiver of the access point 1 produce unmodulated signals at the output of the light receiver.
- the control device 12 is configured to analyze these signals and consequently determine the presence of an anomaly. In the case of the more global system of FIG. 1, the control device 12 also generates an information message representative of the anomaly and transmits this message to the central control device 4.
- the specific security device 5 of the system (see FIG. 1) is connected to the information communication network 2 and analyzes the flow of messages passing through the access point 1. This analysis makes it possible to determine the normal nature or abnormal messages exchanged according to the existing state of the art for researching attacks on computer networks.
- the specific security device 5 determines the existence of a malicious terminal, it generates and transmits to the central control device 4 an information message representative of the anomaly detected, in this case a terminal attack.
- step 320 can advantageously be carried out by specifically controlling the shutter device 14 of the access point 1 according to any of the location methods described above.
- step 310 By controlling the shutter device 14 so as to illuminate the global coverage zone with the exception of the zone for which a source parasite has already been detected.
- Step 320 is then carried out for each new parasitic source detected.
- the parameters representative of the location of each parasitic source detected can then be used to control the device 14 so as to neutralize its effects. More specifically, during a step 330, a closed area is created on the surface of the light shutter device 14 to generate a non-communication area covering the location of the detected stray light source, which prevents any light ray emitted. by each parasitic source to reach the light receiver of access point 1.
- the access point 1 comprises a modulated light emitter (light source) and a light receiver placed one by compared to the other so that the light rays leaving and entering the access point follow substantially the same optical path, for example grouped together in the same transmission/reception module.
- the modulated light leaves the access point 1 of FIG. 1 or enters this access point through the same orifice 13 serving both as input and output.
- of light is interposed between on the one hand, the transmitter and the receiver of the access point 1 and on the other hand, the orifice 13, any creation of closed zone(s) on the device 14 shutter prohibited the passage of light rays in both directions of propagation.
- a closed zone Zo on the surface of the light shutter device 14 makes it possible to create a sub-zone of non-communication SZNC in the global coverage zone Zc where any communicating object cannot receive the information transmitted via the modulated light emitted by the transmitter. of the access point (downward transmissions of information not possible), likewise in the opposite direction the receiver of the access point 1 cannot receive information likely to be transmitted by any communicating object located in this sub-zone of no SZNC communication (uplink transmissions of information not possible).
- the access point protection method 300 (described in relation to FIGS. 8 and 9) is partly based, namely in its step 310, on the fact of prohibiting uplink transmissions originating from a parasitic source
- the other functionalities described above namely the location of a communicating terminal (described in relation to FIGS. 3 to 5), and the creation of point-to-point or multipoint links (described in relation with FIGS. 6 and 7) are based on the ability to block at least the downlink communications. Consequently, it is possible to envisage, according to a second embodiment of the invention, an access point in which the modulated light emitter and the light receiver are placed sufficiently far from each other. so that the light shutter device 14 is interposed only between the transmitter of the access point and an outlet of the access point.
- FIG 10 schematically illustrates an access point 1 according to this second embodiment.
- the access point 1 of figure 10 does not no longer includes the transmit/receive module 10 in which the transmitter (light source) was sufficiently close to the light receiver so that the optical paths are almost identical in the direction of the downlink communications and in the direction of the uplink communications, but a modulated light emitter 10a and a modulated light receiver 10b positioned in the access point 1 far enough from the modulated light emitter 10a so that the light shutter device 14 is interposed only on the optical paths between the emitter 10a of the access point and the port 13 of entry / exit of the access point.
- the light shutter device 14 is used to spatially modulate the light by making it possible to vary the quantity of the light rays leaving the access point 1 by the partial or total suppression of the outgoing light rays to create sub-zones not illuminated by the access point (corresponding to the non-communication sub-zones) and sub-zones illuminated by the access point (corresponding to the sub-zones communication areas).
- a communicating object located in a non-communication sub-zone cannot receive the light rays emitted by the transmitter 10a of the access point 1, making it impossible to receive information transmitted by the access point 1 to this communicating object.
- the reference Zo represents a closed zone on the surface of the light shutter device 14 to which corresponds a non-communication sub-zone in the overall coverage zone of the access point 1 in which the communicating terminal 3b is located.
- the closed zone Zo prevents the passage of any light ray.
- the rest of the surface of the light shutter device 14 defines one or more non-shuttered zones to which correspond one or more communication sub-zones in which the communicating terminals 3a and 3c are located.
- These two communicating terminals 3a and 3c can therefore receive the information transmitted by the modulated light emitter 10a, as shown in FIG. 10 by the arrows of the associated optical paths.
- the modulated light leaves and/or enters from the access point 1 through the same orifice 13 of entry/exit of light.
- the access point 1 comprises two passage orifices for the modulated light, namely a first exit orifice 13a for the exit of the modulated light emitted by the transmitter 10a and transmitted via diverging lens 11b, and a second input port 13b for the input of modulated light received by receiver 10b.
- the access point 1 according to this second embodiment can thus replace any one, or even all of the access points represented in FIG. 1.
- the light shutter device 14 of this access point according to the second mode of embodiment is thus capable of being controlled to perform in particular two of the three functionalities described above for the access point according to the first embodiment, namely the location of a communicating terminal (described in relation to FIGS. 3 to 5), and the creation of point-to-point or multipoint links (described in relation to FIGS. 6 and 7), since these functionalities are based on the ability to block downlink communications.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2101898A FR3120280A1 (fr) | 2021-02-26 | 2021-02-26 | Point d’accès de communication par la lumière, et procédés utilisant ce point d’accès |
PCT/FR2022/050306 WO2022180333A1 (fr) | 2021-02-26 | 2022-02-21 | Point d'accès de communication par la lumière, et procédés utilisant ce point d'accès |
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EP4298740A1 true EP4298740A1 (fr) | 2024-01-03 |
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EP22710668.9A Withdrawn EP4298740A1 (fr) | 2021-02-26 | 2022-02-21 | Point d'accès de communication par la lumière, et procédés utilisant ce point d'accès |
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EP (1) | EP4298740A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3120280A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022180333A1 (fr) |
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US5528391A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-06-18 | Xerox Corporation | Infrared beam steering system using diffused infrared light and liquid crystal apertures |
JP2004015491A (ja) * | 2002-06-07 | 2004-01-15 | Canon Inc | 光空間伝送装置および光空間伝送システム |
WO2014147666A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-09-25 | Kaminao Minoru | Dispositif de séparation d'espace et appareil de réception de lumière utilisant le dispositif de séparation d'espace |
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 FR FR2101898A patent/FR3120280A1/fr active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-21 EP EP22710668.9A patent/EP4298740A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-02-21 WO PCT/FR2022/050306 patent/WO2022180333A1/fr active Application Filing
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WO2022180333A1 (fr) | 2022-09-01 |
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