EP4298717A1 - Boîtier pour une machine électrique comprenant une chemise de refroidissement à ventilation autonome - Google Patents

Boîtier pour une machine électrique comprenant une chemise de refroidissement à ventilation autonome

Info

Publication number
EP4298717A1
EP4298717A1 EP22712279.3A EP22712279A EP4298717A1 EP 4298717 A1 EP4298717 A1 EP 4298717A1 EP 22712279 A EP22712279 A EP 22712279A EP 4298717 A1 EP4298717 A1 EP 4298717A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
cooling
cooling jacket
bypass
circumferential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22712279.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Claudenê Correia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP4298717A1 publication Critical patent/EP4298717A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a housing for an electrical machine, which is designed with a cylindrical cooling jacket through which coolant can flow, which has a plurality of cooling channels running in the circumferential direction and an inlet section functioning as a distributor and an outlet section functioning as a collector.
  • An electrical machine is understood to mean an electromechanical converter that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and/or mechanical energy into electrical energy, with heat also being released, so that cooling is required.
  • DE 102014204816 A1 describes an electrical machine with a housing which has a fluid channel for guiding a coolant flow.
  • the fluid channel comprises an inlet section, a circumferential or intermediate section divided into a plurality of sub-channels by circumferential ribs, and an outlet section. Between the inlet section and the outlet section there is a separating section which is formed with a bypass. This bypass creates a quasi-direct connection between inlet and outlet.
  • venting of the inlet section is basically conceivable via such a direct connection, such that any gas bubbles present in the inlet section can be discharged through the bypass into the outlet section.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the venting or venting function of the cooling jacket on a relevant housing.
  • the housing according to the invention for an electrical machine which is in particular an electric motor (electric motor) and/or generator, is designed with a (at least approximately) cylindrical cooling jacket through which coolant can flow (also referred to simply as cooling jacket below) and can in this respect also referred to as a liquid-cooled housing.
  • the cooling jacket has a plurality of cooling channels or circumferential channels running in the circumferential direction (of the cooling jacket) and an inlet section acting as a distributor, at which the cooling channels running in the circumferential direction begin or from which these cooling channels branch off, and an outlet section acting as a collector, at which the cooling channels running in the circumferential direction running cooling channels end or in which these cooling channels open on.
  • a partition wall or the like is arranged between the inlet section and the outlet section, which separates the inlet section and the outlet section from one another.
  • the partition there is (at least) one bypass which connects the inlet section and the outlet section.
  • This bypass allows any gas bubbles present in the inlet section (the term “gas bubbles” expressly also includes air and vapor bubbles, as well as an accumulation of gas or vapor or air that forms a single gas, vapor or air bubble) directly to the outlet section be derived.
  • the gas bubbles can then be discharged from the cooling jacket via an outlet opening. This venting process, which runs almost automatically, can also be referred to as self-venting.
  • the bypass is preferably arranged in the partition wall in such a way that it ends as close as possible to an outlet opening in the outlet section and/or is directed towards this outlet opening, so that the gas bubbles discharged from the inlet section through the bypass can be discharged from the cooling jacket as directly as possible.
  • the cooling ducts of the cooling jacket running in the circumferential direction are connected by at least one ventilation duct running transversely, ie extending transversely to the relevant cooling ducts.
  • the at least one ventilation duct is preferably arranged on the inlet side, ie it is preferably located in the vicinity of the inlet section or in the starting area of the circumferential cooling ducts.
  • Gas bubbles can accumulate in the circumferential cooling channels, in particular in the vicinity of the inlet section or in the initial area, and these bubbles neither move to the outlet section nor to the inlet section during operation, but are more or less stuck.
  • a ventilation duct which in the affected area connects the cooling ducts running in the circumferential direction to one another or to one another, has a positive effect on the ventilation of the cooling ducts.
  • This venting duct is, so to speak, a transverse duct extending transversely to the circumferential cooling ducts, which is referred to as a venting duct because of its intended venting function.
  • This ventilation channel can be designed, for example, as a groove or as a bore.
  • the gas bubbles that accumulate in a circumferential cooling channel or in several circumferential cooling channels can flow through the venting channel directly (i.e. on a direct route) to the inlet section and in particular to the Bypass move and/or move back and/or can move and move back indirectly (i.e. not in a direct way) to the inlet section and in particular to the bypass.
  • the gas bubbles can move through the ventilation duct to other cooling ducts or are diverted through the ventilation duct into other cooling ducts and can there (against the direction of flow of the coolant flowing in) move further to the inlet section or move back (i.e.
  • the Gas bubbles virtually themselves a favorable path to the inlet section or bypass). Furthermore, the gas bubbles can then slide off via the bypass to the outlet section and from there be discharged from the cooling jacket. (So the combination of bypass and venting channel is essential for the invention.) In this way, very effective and almost complete venting or self-venting of the cooling jacket is achieved during operation, whereby local overheating (hotspots) are avoided or at least reduced.
  • a horizontal or lying orientation of the cylindrical cooling jacket is preferably provided, in particular in connection with a horizontal arrangement of the electrical machine in the housing.
  • the ventilation channel is arranged on the downflow side of the cooling jacket or in the downflow half of the cooling jacket, i.e. where the cooling liquid flows from top to bottom through the circumferential cooling channels, and is above a horizontal center plane of the cooling jacket (in the second quadrant; see below).
  • the inlet section and in particular also the outlet section and the partition wall, is/are arranged on top, quasi in the uppermost area.
  • the ventilation channel is then located below the overhead inlet section or is arranged lower than the inlet section and in particular above a horizontal center plane of the cylindrical cooling jacket, so that the gas bubbles can reach the inlet section or bypass in the manner explained above.
  • the ventilation channel can be straight, i. H. have a straight course, in particular such that it extends essentially in the axial direction of the cylindrical cooling jacket or parallel to the central axis of the cylindrical cooling jacket.
  • the ventilation duct can also be curved or arcuate, at least in sections, i. H. have a curved or arcuate course, in particular such that it extends obliquely or obliquely to the central axis of the cylindrical cooling jacket.
  • the ventilation duct can extend (with a straight or at least partially curved course) between the two axially outermost cooling ducts running in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical cooling jacket, in particular in such a way that it connects virtually all cooling ducts running in the circumferential direction. This allows for indirect venting of the circumferential cooling channels as described above.
  • At least one of its ends or the ends of the ventilation duct can also open directly into the inlet section of the ventilation duct, in particular in the immediate vicinity of the bypass or its inlet opening. This is achieved through a corresponding configuration of the ventilation channel or its course and/or the inlet section. The gas bubbles can thus move or move back through the ventilation channel directly to the inlet section.
  • the ventilation duct can be connected at one of its ends or
  • Ventilation channel ends should also be directed or aligned towards the bypass or its inlet opening.
  • the cooling jacket is preferably made up of an outer housing (outer heat sink) and an inner housing (inner heat sink).
  • the inner casing is formed (on its outer side facing the outer casing) with circumferential ribs and circumferential grooves therebetween (which form the cooling passages running in the circumferential direction).
  • the venting channel is preferably also formed on the inner housing, in particular in the form of a transverse groove severing the circumferential ribs or connecting the circumferential grooves.
  • the transverse groove preferably has essentially the same depth or a depth similar to that of the circumferential grooves or circumferential channels, ie the transverse groove severs or breaks through the circumferential ribs over their entire (radial) height up to the bottom of the groove.
  • the inner housing is preferably designed as a one-piece cast part, preferably as a metal cast part, it being provided in particular that both the circumferential ribs and circumferential grooves and the transverse groove are produced by casting, ie by primary shaping.
  • the transverse groove can also be produced by machining after casting.
  • the ventilation channel can also be designed as a transverse bore.
  • the housing according to the invention is used to cool an electrical machine, which is arranged in particular in the housing.
  • a cooling liquid flow is generated through the cooling jacket with the aid of a pump, a varying pump pressure and/or a varying pump delivery quantity being provided in particular.
  • a varying pump pressure and/or a varying pump delivery quantity are provided in particular.
  • the gas bubbles can more easily move back to the inlet section or rise to the inlet section, as explained.
  • a varying or changing pump pressure and/or a varying or changing pump delivery quantity thus enable improved venting or self-venting.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a first exemplary embodiment of a housing according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the housing of FIG. 1 in a view from above.
  • FIG. 3 shows, analogously to the illustration in FIG. 1, a second exemplary embodiment of a housing according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows, analogously to the illustration in FIG. 1, a third exemplary embodiment of a housing according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows the housing of FIGS. 1 and 2 in an axial plan view.
  • the housing 100 is made up of an outer housing 120, indicated only schematically, and a shell-like inner housing 130, and has an interior space 110 for accommodating an electrical machine.
  • the interior space 110 can also have a different shape.
  • the housing 100 is designed with an integrated cylindrical cooling jacket 140 for cooling the electrical machine arranged in the interior 110 .
  • This cooling jacket 140 is a cavity within the housing 100 which essentially completely surrounds the interior space 110 and through which cooling liquid K flows. Strictly speaking, therefore, the cooling jacket 140 (at least approximately) is of ring-cylindrical or annular-cylindrical design.
  • the cooling jacket 140 can have a diameter of 200 mm to 300 mm and an axial length of 100 mm to 300 mm, for example.
  • the cooling jacket 140 comprises a plurality of cooling ducts 142 running or encircling in the circumferential direction U, as well as an inlet section 141 and an outlet section 143.
  • the circulating cooling ducts 142 begin at the inlet section 141 or below the inlet section 141 and end at the outlet section 143.
  • the inner housing 130 has circumferential ribs 131 formed, between which the circumferential cooling channels 142 are in the form of circumferential grooves 132 (see FIG. 2), the circumferential ribs 131 having a start offset in the circumferential direction U.
  • the circumferential ribs 131 can have a (radial) height of 3 mm to 5 mm, this also essentially corresponding to the (radial) depth of the circumferential grooves 132 or the cooling channels 142 .
  • the inlet section 141, the outlet section 143 and the partition wall 145 are arranged on top with respect to the horizontal installation position shown.
  • the cooling liquid K is introduced into the inlet section 141 via an inlet opening or bore 151 and is distributed from there to all cooling channels 142 running in the circumferential direction U.
  • the inlet section 141 thus functions as a distributor.
  • the cooling liquid K flows through the encircling cooling channels 142 in the circumferential direction U and collects in the outlet section 143 .
  • the outlet section 143 thus functions as a collector.
  • Flow guide elements can also be arranged in the outlet section 143 .
  • the cooling liquid K is discharged from the outlet portion 143 via an outlet hole 152 located at the top.
  • the inlet opening 151 and the outlet opening 152 are located here at opposite axial ends of the cooling jacket 140, the axial cooling jacket end at the inlet opening 151 also being referred to as the front cooling jacket end or front cooling jacket area and the axial cooling jacket end at the outlet opening 152 as the rear cooling jacket end or rear cooling jacket area can become.
  • the coolant flow or coolant flow generated during operation with the aid of a pump is illustrated in FIG. 2 by flow arrows.
  • the pump flow rate is, for example, in a range from 2 l/min to 10 l/min.
  • the cooling jacket 140 has a cooling jacket side or half that is falling, in which the cooling liquid K flows from top to bottom, and a cooling jacket side or half that is rising in which the cooling liquid K flows from bottom to bottom flows up (up to the outlet section 143).
  • Gas bubbles can collect in the overhead inlet section 141 in particular during breaks in operation (ie when the pump is switched off or without pump operation). Even after the cooling jacket 140 has been filled with cooling liquid K for the first time, so-called residual air can be present, which accumulates in the inlet section 141 (such residual air is essentially an accumulation of air, which is not differentiated from gas bubbles below; see above).
  • the gas bubbles can be discharged into the outlet section 143 through a passage 148 optionally formed in the partition wall 145 (passive venting).
  • the passage 148 and the outlet opening 152 are located approximately at the highest point of the cooling jacket 140.
  • a bypass 146 designed as a groove (or optionally also as a bore) is arranged in partition wall 145 and connects inlet section 141 to outlet section 143.
  • This bypass 146 can have a width of 1 mm to 3 mm.
  • Gas bubbles can be discharged directly (ie not via the cooling channels 142 ) to the outlet section 143 through this bypass 146 .
  • the bypass 146 is located at the rear end of the cooling jacket in the rearmost section of the partition 145 above the last circumferential cooling channel 142.
  • the bypass 146 also runs essentially in the circumferential direction U and/or obliquely upwards in order to utilize an air buoyancy effect.
  • the bypass 146 or its outlet opening is directed towards the outlet opening 152 in the outlet section 143, so that the gas bubbles discharged from the inlet section 141 are discharged from the cooling jacket 140 in the most direct way possible.
  • This venting process can also be referred to as self-venting.
  • Venting or self-venting during operation i. H. operational venting, however, is made more difficult by the fact that the gas bubbles are pressed by the flowing coolant K into the circumferential cooling channels 142.
  • these gas bubbles cannot pass through the cooling channels 142 running in the circumferential direction U in the direction of the outlet section 143 due to buoyancy effects.
  • these gas bubbles cannot, or only with difficulty, rise into the inlet section 141 due to cooling liquid K flowing or flowing in afterwards. The result of this is that the gas bubbles are effectively stuck in the circumferential cooling channels 142, in particular below the inlet section 141, which can affect only individual cooling channels 142 or all of them.
  • the cooling channels 142 running in the circumferential direction U are connected by a transverse ventilation channel 147, the ventilation channel 147 shown in FIGS. H. in an initial region of the circumferential cooling channels 142 facing the inlet section 141 (the same applies to the ventilation channel 147 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the ventilation channel 147 is located below the inlet section 141 and above the horizontal center plane H of the cylindrical cooling jacket 140 (as explained in more detail below in connection with FIG. 5).
  • the ventilation duct 147 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designed as a straight groove or transverse groove (quasi a transverse ventilation groove) extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical cooling jacket 140 or parallel to its central axis M. which cuts through or crosses all circumferential ribs 131 on a line at the same vertical height and connects all circumferential cooling channels 142, ie the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 forms openings through the circumferential ribs 131.
  • the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 can have a Have a width of up to 10 mm, the width (in the circumferential direction U) corresponding in particular to one to four times the axial length of the respective opening or the thickness of the respective circumferential rib 131 .
  • the two ends of the ventilation duct or the transverse groove 147 can be referred to as the front ventilation duct end (which virtually faces the front end of the cooling jacket) and as the rear ventilation duct end (which virtually faces the rear end of the cooling jacket).
  • the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 can also be made shorter, so that it does not connect all the cooling channels 142 running around it.
  • a plurality of ventilation ducts or transverse grooves can also be provided, which are offset from one another in the axial direction of the cooling jacket 140 and/or in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket 140.
  • the ventilation channel 147 can also be designed as a transverse bore.
  • the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 extends between the two axially outermost cooling channels 142 (at the front and rear ends of the cooling jacket).
  • the rear end of the ventilation channel is located in the rear area of the cooling jacket below the bypass 146 or its inlet opening.
  • the ventilation duct or the transverse groove 147 indirectly causes the cooling ducts 142 or their initial regions to be vented in the direction of the inlet section 141 by redirecting gas bubbles, as described above. (Regardless of this, there may be a so-called gap leakage between the circumferential ribs 131 of the inner housing 130 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer housing 120, which, however, does not allow targeted ventilation. The same applies to a gap leakage at the partition wall 145.)
  • the inlet section 141 and the venting channel or the transverse groove 147 are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that the venting channel 147 opens directly into the inlet section 141 or leads to the inlet section 141, without all the encircling cooling channels 142 associate.
  • the rear venting channel end is located in the vicinity of the bypass 146.
  • the venting channel 147 forms an additional flow path, so to speak, which enables the gas bubbles to rise or move back directly into the inlet section 141 or to the bypass 146 or at least favored.
  • the ventilation channel 147 enables or at least promotes a gas bubble movement in the direction of the inlet section 141 or bypass 146 during operation.
  • the inlet section 141 and the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that the rear end of the ventilation channel is more or less aligned with the bypass 146 or its inlet opening, although not all the surrounding cooling channels here either 142 are connected.
  • the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 is curved or arcuate and extends in sections obliquely to the central axis M.
  • the ventilation channel or the transverse groove 147 can also be straight.
  • the venting channel 147 forms an additional flow path, which allows or at least promotes a direct rise or return of the gas bubbles into the inlet section 141 or to the bypass 146 .
  • FIG. 5 shows the inner housing 130 of the housing 100 from FIGS. 1 and 2 in an axial plan view with the viewing direction D indicated in FIG.
  • the flow of cooling liquid K through the cooling channels 142 of the cooling jacket 140 occurs counterclockwise ( ⁇ CW) in relation to the axial plan view shown, corresponding to the directional arrow U for the circumferential direction.
  • the cooling jacket 140 can be divided into four quadrants, each of which extends in a 90° arc between the central planes and can be referred to as the first quadrant Q1, second quadrant Q2, third quadrant Q3 and fourth quadrant Q4 according to common convention (with regard to a coordinate system). .
  • the inlet opening or bore 151 is located in the first quadrant Q1 at approximately a 2 o'clock position, but can also be located lower or higher.
  • the outlet opening or bore 152 is located quasi between the first quadrant Q1 and the second quadrant Q2 at a 12 o'clock position (ie at the highest point). The same applies analogously to the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the ventilation channel 147 is located on the cooling jacket side or half (see above) falling down the flow between the vertical center plane V and the horizontal center plane H, ie in the second quadrant Q2, which can also be described as a sector from 9 o'clock to 12 o'clock.
  • the bypass 146 and vent passage 147 allow for venting or self-venting of the cooling jacket 140 in the second quadrant Q2 during operation (ie, when the pump is on), as discussed above.
  • a varying pump pressure or a varying pump delivery rate can promote venting.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un boîtier (100) pour une machine électrique, qui est constitué d'une chemise de refroidissement (140) cylindrique pouvant être traversée par un liquide de refroidissement (K) et comportant une pluralité de canaux de refroidissement (142) s'étendant dans la direction périphérique (U) et une partie entrée (141) faisant office de distributeur et une partie sortie faisant office de collecteur ; une paroi de séparation (145) étant agencée entre la partie entrée (141) et la partie sortie (143) et comportant une dérivation (146) à travers laquelle des bulles de gaz présentes dans la partie entrée (141) peuvent être directement déviées vers la partie sortie (143). Selon l'invention, les canaux de refroidissement (142) s'étendant dans la direction circonférentielle (U) sont reliés par au moins un canal de purge d'air (147) qui s'étend dans le sens transversal.
EP22712279.3A 2021-02-25 2022-02-22 Boîtier pour une machine électrique comprenant une chemise de refroidissement à ventilation autonome Pending EP4298717A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021201804.1A DE102021201804A1 (de) 2021-02-25 2021-02-25 Gehäuse für eine elektrische Maschine mit einem sich selbst entlüftenden Kühlmantel
PCT/EP2022/054414 WO2022180042A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2022-02-22 Boîtier pour une machine électrique comprenant une chemise de refroidissement à ventilation autonome

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4298717A1 true EP4298717A1 (fr) 2024-01-03

Family

ID=80933469

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22712279.3A Pending EP4298717A1 (fr) 2021-02-25 2022-02-22 Boîtier pour une machine électrique comprenant une chemise de refroidissement à ventilation autonome

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230402898A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4298717A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117044080A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021201804A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022180042A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012008209A1 (de) * 2012-04-21 2013-10-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine
DE102012215018A1 (de) 2012-08-23 2014-02-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gehäuse für eine elektrische Maschine mit mäanderförmigem Kühlkanal und Leitgeometrien
WO2015087707A1 (fr) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-18 三菱電機株式会社 Module d'entraînement
DE102014204816A1 (de) 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Elektrische Maschine mit einem Kühlelement
DE102018204434A1 (de) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Gehäuse für eine elektrische Maschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117044080A (zh) 2023-11-10
US20230402898A1 (en) 2023-12-14
DE102021201804A1 (de) 2022-08-25
WO2022180042A1 (fr) 2022-09-01

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