EP4294885A1 - Insulation system for electrically rotating machines and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Insulation system for electrically rotating machines and method for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP4294885A1 EP4294885A1 EP22707666.8A EP22707666A EP4294885A1 EP 4294885 A1 EP4294885 A1 EP 4294885A1 EP 22707666 A EP22707666 A EP 22707666A EP 4294885 A1 EP4294885 A1 EP 4294885A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- formulation
- wet
- powder
- paint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 alkyl siloxane compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011353 cycloaliphatic epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- MGFYSGNNHQQTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodonium Chemical compound [IH2+] MGFYSGNNHQQTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003217 pyrazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001912 cyanamides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XUCHXOAWJMEFLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 XUCHXOAWJMEFLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol F Natural products C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBYHSSAVUBIJMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-oxathiane Chemical compound C1CSCCO1 JBYHSSAVUBIJMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1CC2OC2CC1 OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ylmethyl 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1C(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1 YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002012 dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUEBPOOTFCZRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-methyl-2-phenyl-1h-imidazol-4-yl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=C(C)NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 RUEBPOOTFCZRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAGOJLCWTUPBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=1)=CC=CC=1N(CC1OC1)CC1CO1 VAGOJLCWTUPBKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHIPJALLQVEEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(CC1OC1)CC1CO1 AHIPJALLQVEEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAUAZXVRLVIARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[4-[bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)amino]phenyl]methyl]-n,n-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline Chemical compound C1OC1CN(C=1C=CC(CC=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(CC2OC2)CC2OC2)=CC=1)CC1CO1 FAUAZXVRLVIARB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUQQGGWZVKUCBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-1h-imidazol-5-yl]methanol Chemical compound N1C(CO)=C(CO)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UUQQGGWZVKUCBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFIBZDZRPYQXOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silyl]oxy-dimethyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCC[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)CCCOCC1CO1 MFIBZDZRPYQXOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005376 alkyl siloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- DJUWPHRCMMMSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ylmethyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1 DJUWPHRCMMMSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C1CCCC(C(=O)OCC2OC2)C1C(=O)OCC1CO1 XFUOBHWPTSIEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC=CC1C(O)=O IFDVQVHZEKPUSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQPVPZTVJLXQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-methyl-phenylsilicon Chemical class C[Si](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PQPVPZTVJLXQAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010433 powder painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrophthalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)CCCC1 UFDHBDMSHIXOKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/24—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic
- C08G59/245—Di-epoxy compounds carbocyclic aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/306—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/3218—Carbocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/3254—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen
- C08G59/3281—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen or nitrogen containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
- C09D163/04—Epoxynovolacs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/03—Powdery paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
- H02K15/10—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors
- H02K15/105—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors to the windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/30—Windings characterised by the insulating material
Definitions
- Insulation system for electrical rotating machines and method for the production thereof are Insulation system for electrical rotating machines and method for the production thereof.
- the invention relates to an insulation system for an electrical rotating machine, in particular an electric motor and/or generator.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing such an insulation system, in particular for producing one or more components of an insulation system comprising several components.
- Electrical rotating machines in the low and high voltage range such as electric motors and electrical generators, are known. These machines are characterized by a large number of different designs and areas of application, they are used in all areas of technology, industry, everyday life, transport, medicine and other areas.
- the power range of electrical machines extends from orders of magnitude below one microwatt , for example in micro system technology, to more than one gigawatt, i.e. a thousand times a million watts, for example in the power plant sector. In between are applications with traction and drive motors in the vehicle sector, rail vehicle sector, etc.
- coils made up of partial conductors which are insulated from one another, for example by means of windings and/or wire enamel. These are formed from blanks, such as a spool fish, by drawing and twisting them in such a way that they can be inserted into the slots of a stator base body, i.e. into the laminated core of the electric motor.
- the coils are connected to each other via so-called winding heads and contacted by appropriate connections.
- the current- carrying coils are isolated from each other, from the laminated core and finally also from the environment by an insulation system.
- the insulation system regularly comprises several components, the main insulation, which is a winding based on mica tapes impregnated with epoxy, polyester or polyesterimide resin, provides insulation for the high-voltage conductors, especially copper conductors, against the grounded stator. It has a high partial discharge inception voltage, which enables it to permanently reduce, for example, 2.0 - 3.5 kV per millimeter.
- the most important components of an insulation system are viewed from the inside to the outside, the partial conductor insulation, main insulation, if necessary external corona protection (AGS) and if necessary end corona protection (EGS).
- AGS external corona protection
- EVS end corona protection
- “Inside” refers to the level of the conductors, in particular copper conductors, which initially have a relatively thin first insulation layer, the partial conductor insulation, which form the electrical coil. All insulation systems have a main insulation and - depending on the rating - voltage of the electrical rotating machine - then an outer corona protection, -AGS- and, if necessary, an end corona protection -EGS.
- main insulation All components of the insulation system, main insulation, AGS and EGS, have so far usually been wound onto the sub-conductors as strips, with parts of them, such as the EGS, being complete be applied by hand.
- the main insulation In the case of motors with lower rated voltages, as is the case with traction motors, for example, the main insulation cannot be designed as a wound strip but as a so-called slot box.
- the other parts cannot be applied fully automatically either, because either the number of pieces makes automation uneconomical and/or the risk of air pockets in the folds does not guarantee the quality required for winding.
- the tapes that are wound and the slot boxes that are inserted into the slots for the main insulation usually consist of glued mica flakes, which serve in the insulation to lengthen the erosion path in the insulation system, i.e. the direct path from the high-voltage side, i.e. the conductors, to the grounded laminated core, which results in a significantly longer service life for an insulation system.
- the object of the present invention is now to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a main insulation, an AGS and/or EGS that can be produced by hand without or at least largely without application. This object is achieved by the subject matter of the present invention, as disclosed in the description and the claims.
- the subject of the present invention is a powder coating formulation or wet coating for producing an insulation system of an electrical machine, in particular a rotating electrical machine with a rated voltage of at least 700 V, comprising at least one curable powder coating formulation, in particular one that can be cured at room temperature resin-resin or resin-hardener mixture that is solid or prepared in a solvent for wet paint, that - at least one first resin component which is based on hydrocarbons and has at least two epoxy groups,
- At least one second resin component which is based on silicon-oxygen and is in particular a siloxane and/or a silsesquioxane compound or a compound derivatized from these parent compounds and has at least one hydroxyl functionality
- a hardener and/or an initiating catalyst wherein quantitatively the resin component based on hydrocarbons predominates.
- the subject matter of the invention is a method for producing one or more components of an insulation system of an electrical rotating machine, comprising a main insulation, an internal potential control, an external corona protection and/or an end corona protection, having the following process steps:
- the powder coating is carried out by spraying the heated substrate and then cooling it--for example to room temperature.
- the wet painting is carried out by application, in particular by spraying and / or immersion of the wet paint and subsequent drying and / or removal of the solvent performed.
- the powder coating is carried out by immersing the rod or coil in a powder coating fluidized bed containing the powder coating formulation in powder form in an air stream.
- the provision of the powder coating formulation and/or the wet coating for the AGS and/or EGS is supplemented by the addition of electrically conductive filler, optionally present in several fractions.
- the powder coating and/or the wet coating is carried out automatically.
- the resin-resin or resin-hardener mixture which is solid at room temperature or prepared in a solvent for wet paint, also comprises insulating fillers, in particular inorganic and/or mineral fillers, in several fractions, in particular with regard to shape and Size, present, as well as sintering aids and/or additives, such as leveling and degassing additives.
- electrically conductive fillers are added to the powder paint formulation, optionally in several fractions.
- a resin-resin mixture is also present without a hardener, but with a catalyst or initiator if curing to form a duromer can take place via homopolymerization. However, if two different monomeric or oligomeric compounds cure to form a duromer, then there is a resin-hardener mixture that undergoes addition polymerization that requires a stoichiometric amount of hardener.
- the first present resin component which is, for example, solid or processed in a solvent to form the wet paint at room temperature, is, as mentioned, hydrocarbon-based with at least two epoxy groups, for example this resin component is selected from the group of epoxy resins, diglycidyl ether resins, novolaks and / or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and any mixtures of said compounds.
- R is -hydrogen, -aryl, -alkyl, -heterocycles, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur-substituted aryls and/or alkyls.
- epoxy-functionalized components such as bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), polyurethane and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable.
- BFDGE bisphenol F diglycidyl ether
- BADGE bisphenol A diglycidyl ether
- epoxidized novolaks or mixtures thereof are particularly suitable.
- the first resin component comprises a monomeric and/or oligomeric, in particular epoxidized novolak mixture with bisphenol A and/or bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, in particular with chain-extended bisphenol A and/or F, also in the form of a di- or higher - Epoxy hydrocarbon-based resin component.
- all epoxy resin components comprise two or more glycidyl ester and/or glycidyl ether and/or hydroxyl functionalities and/or that the resin formulation contains at least one compound acting as a hardener based on dicyandiamide and/or (poly)amine and/or or amino and/or alkoxy functional alkyl/aryl polysiloxane base.
- the second resin component that is present preferably comprises at least one monomeric and/or oligomeric resin component based on silicon and oxygen, with the term "resin” already implying that it is an organic one
- This is a silicon-oxygen compound based, for example, on alkyl and/or aryl polysiloxane and/or on silsesquioxane.
- a resin and/or a resin mixture is provided as the second resin component for the powder coating formulation, in which at least part of the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture for the insulation system that hardens to form a duromer contains a siloxane-containing compound which forms a -[0-SiR 2 -0] n backbone in the fully cured duromer.
- R stands for all types of organic residues that are suitable for curing and/or crosslinking to form an insulating material that can be used for an insulation system.
- R stands in particular for -aryl, -alkyl, -heterocycles, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur-substituted ones aryls and/or alkyls.
- R can be the same or different and can represent the following groups:
- - Alkyl for example -methyl, -propyl, -isopropyl, -butyl, -isobutyl, -tertbutyl, -pentyl, -isopentyl, -cyclopentyl and all other analogs up to dodecyl, ie the homologue with 12 carbon atoms;
- Aryl for example: benzyl, benzoyl, biphenyl, toluene, xylene and comparable aromatics, in particular for example all aryl radicals, with one or more rings whose structure corresponds to Hückel's definition of aromaticity, - Heterocycles: in particular sulfur-containing heterocycles such as thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, 1,4-thioxane and homologues and/or derivatives thereof,
- Oxygen-containing heterocycles such as dioxanes
- Nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as those with -CN, -
- the Hückel rule for aromatic compounds refers to the fact that planar, cyclically conjugated molecules that contain a number of P electrons that can be represented in the form of 4n + 2 have a special stability that also called aromaticity.
- the monomeric or oligomeric second resin component functionalized for polymerization and having a -[O-S1R2-O] n backbone with one or more first resin components containing -[-CR1R2-] n backbone is selected from the group of the following compounds combined to form the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture: undistilled and/or distilled, optionally reactively diluted bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, undistilled and/or distilled, optionally reactively diluted bisphenol F
- Glycidyl-based and/or epoxy-terminated aryl and/or alkyl siloxanes such as, for example, glycidoxy functi nalized, in particular glycidoxy-terminated, siloxanes.
- a siloxane such as 1,3-bis(3-glycidyloxypropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, DGTMS, and/or glycidoxy-terminated phenyldimethylsiloxane and/or phenylmethylsiloxane in monomeric and/or oligomeric form is suitable , as well as in any mixtures and/or in the form of derivatives.
- hydroxy-functionalized polyphenylsiloxane-based compound from Wacker AG “Silres-603” is commercially available and is suitable here.
- silsesquioxanes or derivatives of silsesquioxane are suitable as the second resin component in the powder coating formulation based on silicon and oxygen.
- This is an organic silicon-oxygen-based compound with cage-like or polymeric structures that have a -[O-SiR2- 0-] n backbone, such as the examples shown below: in particular, R can be the same or different and can represent the following groups:
- - Alkyl for example -methyl, -propyl, -isopropyl, -butyl, -isobutyl, -tertbutyl, -pentyl, -isopentyl, -cyclopentyl and all other analogs up to dodecyl, ie the homologue with 12 carbon atoms;
- Aryl for example: benzyl, benzoyl, biphenyl, toluene, xylene and comparable aromatics, in particular for example all aryl radicals, with one or more rings whose structure corresponds to Hückel's definition of aromaticity,
- heterocycles in particular sulfur-containing heterocycles such as thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, 1,4-thioxane and homologues and/or derivatives thereof,
- Nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as those with -CN, -CNO,-CNS, substituents on the ring or rings and
- the formulation also includes fillers, in particular spherical ones shaped and/or irregularly shaped fillers.
- the fillers can be crystalline and/or amorphous.
- the fillers are preferably based on silicon dioxide, for example they contain fused silica, ground quartz and/or quartz glass.
- the resistance of the sprayable powder paint formulation and/or wet paint coating can be increased by adding fillers, in particular mineral or/or synthetic fillers, such as quartz powder, fused silica, glass powder, in a mass fraction of, for example, 5% by weight to 65% by weight is increased when at least part of the resin is replaced with a partial discharge resistant component.
- the second resin component based on silicon instead of carbon is referred to as the partial discharge-resistant component. This can either be a polysiloxane or a silsesquioxane or one or a mixture of several derivatives of these silicon-containing compounds with oxygen.
- the use of the large mica flakes glued to form the strip can be dispensed with and the insulation material can be applied and produced in the form of a powder coating formulation or wet coating automatically by spraying and/or dipping.
- Partial discharge-resistant resins and resin mixtures are, for example, those in which the polymeric component is a component with a -[-O-S1R2-O-] n - backbone as a secondary component of the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture, i.e. too few than 50 mol%, in particular less than 40 mol% and very preferably less than 30 mol% of the polymerizable resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture.
- Suitable hardeners are cationic and anionic hardening catalysts, such as organic salts, such as organic ammonium, sulfonium, iodonium, phosphonium and/or imidazolium salts and amines, such as tertiary amines, pyrazoles and/or imidazole compounds. Examples which may be mentioned here are 4,5-dihydroxymethyl-2-phenylimidazole and/or 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazole. However, compounds containing oxirane groups, such as, for example, glycidyl ether, can also be used as hardeners.
- organic salts such as organic ammonium, sulfonium, iodonium, phosphonium and/or imidazolium salts and amines, such as tertiary amines, pyrazoles and/or imidazole compounds. Examples which may be mentioned here are 4,5-dihydroxymethyl-2-phenylimidazo
- the hardener can alternatively or additionally be partially or completely replaced by a compound with -[O-SiR 2 -0-] n backbone, also referred to here as a siloxane-based compound.
- a siloxane-based compound for example, one or more fractions of nanoparticulate filler are added, in particular those which are based, for example, on quartz, SiO 2 .
- an additive in particular a sintering additive, for example based on an organic phosphorus compound, is also added.
- the organic phosphorus compound catalyzes the merging and/or sintering of simultaneously present Si0 2 nanoparticles to form vitreous areas in the resin. For example, this creates a glass-like area as a barrier layer in the insulation system.
- a combination of the sintering additive and the nanoparticulate filler is preferably present in the formulation because, when an electrical discharge is present, this causes vitrified areas to form in the finished duromer, which exhibit a particularly good insulating effect. Recent storage of such ready-hardened insulation materials shows an increase in service life by a factor of 8.
- a powder paint and/or a wet paint for the automated production of all or at least some components of an insulation system of an electrical rotating machine is disclosed here for the first time.
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Abstract
The invention relates to an insulation system for an electrically rotating machine, in particular an electric motor and/or a generator. The invention also relates to a method for producing such an insulation system, in particular for producing one or more components of an insulation system comprising a plurality of components. Disclosed here is a powder coating and/or a wet coating for the automated production of all or at least some components of an insulation system of an electrically rotating machine.
Description
Beschreibung description
IsolationsSystem für elektrische rotierende Maschinen und Verfahren zur Herstellung dazu. Insulation system for electrical rotating machines and method for the production thereof.
Die Erfindung betrifft ein IsolationsSystem für eine elektri sche rotierende Maschine, insbesondere Elektromotor und/oder Generator. Ebenso betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen IsolationsSystems, insbesondere zur Herstellung einer oder mehrerer Komponenten eines mehrere Komponenten umfassenden Isolationssystems. The invention relates to an insulation system for an electrical rotating machine, in particular an electric motor and/or generator. The invention also relates to a method for producing such an insulation system, in particular for producing one or more components of an insulation system comprising several components.
Bekannt sind elektrische rotierende Maschinen im Nieder- und Hochspannungsbereich wie Elektromotoren und elektrische Gene- ratoren. Diese Maschinen zeichnen sich durch eine Vielzahl verschiedener Bauformen und Einsatzbereiche aus, sie werden in sämtlichen Bereichen der Technik, der Industrie, des All tags, des Verkehrswesens, der Medizin und anderen Gebieten verwendet. Der Leistungsbereich elektrischer Maschinen er- streckt sich von Größenordnungen unterhalb von einem Mikro watt z.B. in der MikroSystemtechnik bis hinaus über ein Giga watt, also Tausendmal eine Million Watt, wie beispielsweise im Kraftwerksbereich. Dazwischen liegen Anwendung mit den Traktions- und Antriebsmotoren im Fahrzeugbereich, Schienen- fahrzeugbereich, etc. Electrical rotating machines in the low and high voltage range, such as electric motors and electrical generators, are known. These machines are characterized by a large number of different designs and areas of application, they are used in all areas of technology, industry, everyday life, transport, medicine and other areas. The power range of electrical machines extends from orders of magnitude below one microwatt , for example in micro system technology, to more than one gigawatt, i.e. a thousand times a million watts, for example in the power plant sector. In between are applications with traction and drive motors in the vehicle sector, rail vehicle sector, etc.
Bei elektrischen rotierenden Maschinen im Hoch- und/oder Nie derspannungsbereich liegen Spulen aus gegeneinander bei- spielsweise über Wicklung und/oder Drahtlack isolierte Teil leitern vor. Diese werden aus Rohlingen, wie einem Spulen fisch durch Ziehen und Verdrehen so geformt, dass sie in die Nuten eines Stator-Grundkörpers, also in das Blechpaket des Elektromotors eingelegt werden können. Die Spulen untereinan- der sind über so genannte Wickelköpfe verbunden und durch entsprechende Anschlüsse kontaktiert.
Die stromführenden Spulen sind gegeneinander, gegenüber dem Blechpaket und schließlich auch gegenüber der Umgebung durch ein IsolationsSystem isoliert. Das IsolationsSystem umfasst regelmäßig mehrere Komponenten die Hauptisolation, die eine Wicklung, basierend auf Epoxid-, Polyester- oder Polyesteri- midharz imprägnierten Glimmerbändern, ist, sorgt für Isolie rung der unter Hochspannung stehenden Leiter, insbesondere Kupferleiter gegen den geerdeten Stator. Sie besitzt eine ho he Teilentladungseinsetzspannung, was ihr ermöglicht, bei- spielsweise 2,0 - 3,5 kV pro Millimeter dauerhaft abzubauen. In the case of electrical rotating machines in the high and/or low voltage range, there are coils made up of partial conductors which are insulated from one another, for example by means of windings and/or wire enamel. These are formed from blanks, such as a spool fish, by drawing and twisting them in such a way that they can be inserted into the slots of a stator base body, i.e. into the laminated core of the electric motor. The coils are connected to each other via so-called winding heads and contacted by appropriate connections. The current- carrying coils are isolated from each other, from the laminated core and finally also from the environment by an insulation system. The insulation system regularly comprises several components, the main insulation, which is a winding based on mica tapes impregnated with epoxy, polyester or polyesterimide resin, provides insulation for the high-voltage conductors, especially copper conductors, against the grounded stator. It has a high partial discharge inception voltage, which enables it to permanently reduce, for example, 2.0 - 3.5 kV per millimeter.
Die wichtigsten Komponenten eines IsolationsSystems sind von innen nach außen betrachtet, die Teilleiterisolation, Haup tisolation, ggf. Außenglimmschutz (AGS) und ggf. Endenglimm- schütz (EGS). Mit „innen" wird dabei die Ebene der Leiter be zeichnet, insbesondere Kupferleiter, die zunächst eine rela tiv dünnen erste IsolationsSchicht besitzen, die Teilleite risolation, die die elektrische Spule bilden. Alle Isolati onssysteme haben eine Hauptisolation und - je nach Bemes- sungsSpannung der elektrischen rotierenden Maschine - darauf einen Außenglimmschutz, -AGS- sowie gegebenenfalls ein En denglimmschutz -EGS. The most important components of an insulation system are viewed from the inside to the outside, the partial conductor insulation, main insulation, if necessary external corona protection (AGS) and if necessary end corona protection (EGS). "Inside" refers to the level of the conductors, in particular copper conductors, which initially have a relatively thin first insulation layer, the partial conductor insulation, which form the electrical coil. All insulation systems have a main insulation and - depending on the rating - voltage of the electrical rotating machine - then an outer corona protection, -AGS- and, if necessary, an end corona protection -EGS.
Im Betrieb der elektrischen rotierenden Maschine entstehen hohe Spannungen, welche in dem Isoliervolumen zwischen dem auf Hochspannung befindlichen Leiterstab und dem auf Erdpo tential liegendem Blechpaket abgebaut werden müssen. An den Kanten der Bleche im Blechpaket entstehen dabei Feldüberhö hungen, die ihrerseits Teilentladungen hervorrufen können. Diese Teilentladungen führen bei Auftreffen auf das Isolati onssystem lokal zu sehr starken Erhitzungen. Dabei werden die organischen Materialien des IsolationsSystems sukzessive in niedermolekulare, volatile Produkte, beispielsweise in C02 zersetzt. During operation of the rotating electrical machine, high voltages arise which have to be dissipated in the insulating volume between the conductor rod which is at high voltage and the laminated core which is at potential earth potential. At the edges of the laminations in the laminated core, field increases occur, which in turn can cause partial discharges. These partial discharges lead to very strong local heating when they hit the insulation system. In the process, the organic materials in the insulation system are successively decomposed into low-molecular, volatile products, such as CO2.
Alle Komponenten des IsolationsSystems, Hauptisolation, AGS und EGS, werden bislang in der Regel als Bänder auf die Teil leiter aufgewickelt, wobei Teile davon, wie der EGS, komplett
per Hand appliziert werden. Bei Motoren mit kleineren Bemes sungsspannungen, wie es beispielsweise bei Traktionsmotoren der Fall ist, kann die Hauptisolation nicht als gewickeltes Band, sondern als sogenannter Nutkasten ausgestaltet sein. Die anderen Teile können auch nicht vollkommen automatisiert aufgebracht werden, weil entweder die Stückzahl das Automati sieren nicht wirtschaftlich macht und/oder die Gefahr von Lufteinschlüssen in den Falten die Qualität nicht gewährleis tet, die bei der Wicklung erforderlich ist. All components of the insulation system, main insulation, AGS and EGS, have so far usually been wound onto the sub-conductors as strips, with parts of them, such as the EGS, being complete be applied by hand. In the case of motors with lower rated voltages, as is the case with traction motors, for example, the main insulation cannot be designed as a wound strip but as a so-called slot box. The other parts cannot be applied fully automatically either, because either the number of pieces makes automation uneconomical and/or the risk of air pockets in the folds does not guarantee the quality required for winding.
Die Bänder, die gewickelt werden, und die Nutkästen, die in die Nuten eingelegt werden, für die Hauptisolation bestehen in der Regel aus verklebten Glimmerplättchen, die in der Iso lation dazu dienen, den Erosionsweg im IsolationsSystem zu verlängern, also den direkten Weg von der Hochspannungsseite, also den Leitern, hin zum geerdeten Blechpaket, wodurch eine deutlich längere Lebensdauer eines Isolationssystems resul tiert. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist nun, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu überwinden und eine Hauptisolation, einen AGS und/oder EGS zu schaffen, der ohne oder zumindest Großteils ohne Applikation per Hand herstellbar ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Er findung, wie er in der Beschreibung und den Ansprüchen offen bart ist, gelöst. The tapes that are wound and the slot boxes that are inserted into the slots for the main insulation usually consist of glued mica flakes, which serve in the insulation to lengthen the erosion path in the insulation system, i.e. the direct path from the high-voltage side, i.e. the conductors, to the grounded laminated core, which results in a significantly longer service life for an insulation system. The object of the present invention is now to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to create a main insulation, an AGS and/or EGS that can be produced by hand without or at least largely without application. This object is achieved by the subject matter of the present invention, as disclosed in the description and the claims.
Dementsprechend ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ei- ne Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack zur Herstellung eines IsolationsSystems einer elektrischen Maschine, insbesondere einer rotierenden elektrischen Maschine mit einer Bemessungs spannung von mindestens 700 V, umfassend wenigstens ein härt bares, insbesondere ein bei Raumtemperatur als Pulverlackfor- mulierung fest vorliegendes oder in einem Lösungsmittel zum Nasslack aufbereitetes Harz-Harz- oder Harz-Härter-Gemisch, das
- zumindest eine erste Harz-Komponente, die auf Kohlenwas serstoffbasis ist und zumindest zwei Epoxidgruppen auf weist, Accordingly, the subject of the present invention is a powder coating formulation or wet coating for producing an insulation system of an electrical machine, in particular a rotating electrical machine with a rated voltage of at least 700 V, comprising at least one curable powder coating formulation, in particular one that can be cured at room temperature resin-resin or resin-hardener mixture that is solid or prepared in a solvent for wet paint, that - at least one first resin component which is based on hydrocarbons and has at least two epoxy groups,
- zumindest eine zweite Harzkomponente, die auf Silizium- sauerstoff-Basis ist und insbesondere eine Siloxan- und/oder eine Silsesquioxan- oder eine von diesen Stamm- Verbindungen derivatisierte Verbindung ist und mindes tens eine Hydroxy-Funktionalität aufweist, sowie - At least one second resin component which is based on silicon-oxygen and is in particular a siloxane and/or a silsesquioxane compound or a compound derivatized from these parent compounds and has at least one hydroxyl functionality, and
- einen Härter und/oder einen initiierenden Katalysator umfasst, wobei mengenmäßig die Harz-Komponente auf Kohlenwas serstoffbasis überwiegt. - A hardener and/or an initiating catalyst, wherein quantitatively the resin component based on hydrocarbons predominates.
Außerdem ist Gegenstand der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Her stellung einer oder mehrerer Komponenten eines Isolationssys- tems einer elektrischen rotierenden Maschine, eine Hauptiso lation, eine InnenpotentialSteuerung, einen Außenglimmschutz und/oder einen Endenglimmschutz umfassend, folgende Verfah rensschritte aufweisend: In addition, the subject matter of the invention is a method for producing one or more components of an insulation system of an electrical rotating machine, comprising a main insulation, an internal potential control, an external corona protection and/or an end corona protection, having the following process steps:
- Bereitstellung einer Pulverlackformulierung und/oder ei- nes Nasslacks mit einer ersten, kohlenwasserstoff- basierten Harzkomponente und einer zweiten, Silizium- Sauerstoffbasierten Harzkomponente sowie einer Härter und/oder Katalysatorkomponente und anschließende - Provision of a powder coating formulation and/or a wet paint with a first, hydrocarbon-based resin component and a second, silicon-oxygen-based resin component and a hardener and/or catalyst component and subsequent
- Pulverlackierung und/oder Nasslackierung der Spule oder des Stabes zur Herstellung der Hauptisolation - Powder painting and/or wet painting of the coil or rod to make the main insulation
- Ggf. Bereitstellen einer Pulverlackformulierung oder ei nes Nasslacks für den Außenglimmschutzes und/oder des Endenglimmschutzes. - If necessary, provision of a powder paint formulation or a wet paint for the external corona protection and/or the end corona protection.
- Ggf. Pulverlackieren und/oder Nasslackieren des Außen- glimmschutzes und/oder des Endenglimmschutzes. - If necessary, powder coating and/or wet coating of the outer corona protection and/or the end corona protection.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Pulverlackierung durch Besprühen des erwärmten Substrats und anschließendes Abkühlen -beispielsweise auf Räumtempera- tur durchgeführt. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the powder coating is carried out by spraying the heated substrate and then cooling it--for example to room temperature.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Nasslackierung durch Applikation, insbesondere durch Be-
sprühen und/oder Tauchbaden des Nasslacks und anschließendes Trocknen und/oder Entfernen des Lösungsmittels durchgeführt. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the wet painting is carried out by application, in particular by spraying and / or immersion of the wet paint and subsequent drying and / or removal of the solvent performed.
Nach einer anderen vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Verfall- rens wird die Pulverlackierung durch Eintauchen des Stabes oder der Spule in ein Pulverlackwirbelbett, die Pulverlack formulierung in Pulverform in einem Luftstrom enthaltend, durchgeführt. Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Verfah rens wird die Bereitstellung der Pulverlackformulierung und/oder des Nasslacks für den AGS und/oder EGS durch die Zu gabe von elektrisch leitfähigem Füllstoff, gegebenenfalls in mehreren Fraktionen vorliegend, ergänzt. According to another advantageous embodiment of the process, the powder coating is carried out by immersing the rod or coil in a powder coating fluidized bed containing the powder coating formulation in powder form in an air stream. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the provision of the powder coating formulation and/or the wet coating for the AGS and/or EGS is supplemented by the addition of electrically conductive filler, optionally present in several fractions.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird die Pulverlackierung und/oder die Nasslackierung automati siert durchgeführt. Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung um fasst das bei Raumtemperatur fest vorliegende oder in einem Lösungsmittel zum Nasslack aufbereitetes Harz -Harz- oder Harz-Härter-Gemisch noch isolierende Füllstoffe, insbesondere anorganische und/oder mineralische Füllstoffe, in mehreren Fraktionen, insbesondere bezüglich Form und Größe, vorlie gend, sowie Sinterhilfen und/oder Additive, wie Verlaufs- und Entgasungsadditive. Bei der Bereitstellung eines Pulverlacks oder Nasslackes zur Herstellung einer elektrisch teilleitfä higen (EGS) oder leitfähigen Komponente (AGS) des Isolations- Systems werden der Pulverlackformulierung elektrisch leitfä hige Füllstoffe, gegebenenfalls in mehreren Fraktionen, zuge geben. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the powder coating and/or the wet coating is carried out automatically. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the resin-resin or resin-hardener mixture, which is solid at room temperature or prepared in a solvent for wet paint, also comprises insulating fillers, in particular inorganic and/or mineral fillers, in several fractions, in particular with regard to shape and Size, present, as well as sintering aids and/or additives, such as leveling and degassing additives. When preparing a powder paint or wet paint for producing an electrically partially conductive (EGS) or conductive component (AGS) of the insulation system, electrically conductive fillers are added to the powder paint formulation, optionally in several fractions.
Ein Harz-Harz-Gemisch liegt auch ohne Härter, aber mit Kata- lysator oder Initiator vor, wenn die Aushärtung zum Duromer über eine Homopolymerisation erfolgen kann. Wenn aber zwei monomer oder oligomer vorliegende unterschiedliche Verbindun gen zum Duromer aushärten, dann liegt ein Harz-Härter-Gemisch
vor, das eine Additionspolymerisierung durchläuft, die einen Härter in stöchiometrischer Menge erfordert. A resin-resin mixture is also present without a hardener, but with a catalyst or initiator if curing to form a duromer can take place via homopolymerization. However, if two different monomeric or oligomeric compounds cure to form a duromer, then there is a resin-hardener mixture that undergoes addition polymerization that requires a stoichiometric amount of hardener.
Die erste bei Räumtemperatur beispielsweise fest oder in ei- nem Lösungsmittel zum Nasslack aufbereitete vorliegende Harz komponente ist, wie gesagt, Kohlenwasserstoff-basiert mit zu mindest zwei Epoxidgruppen, beispielsweise ist diese Harzkom ponente ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Epoxidharze, Di- glycidyletherharze, Novolake und/oder cycloaliphatisehen Epo- xidharze, sowie beliebige Gemische der genannten Verbindun gen. The first present resin component, which is, for example, solid or processed in a solvent to form the wet paint at room temperature, is, as mentioned, hydrocarbon-based with at least two epoxy groups, for example this resin component is selected from the group of epoxy resins, diglycidyl ether resins, novolaks and / or cycloaliphatic epoxy resins, and any mixtures of said compounds.
Insbesondere handelt es sich dabei um eine oder mehrere mono mere oder oligomere Harzkomponente(n) mit einem Kohlenstoff - also -[-CR1R2-]n-Einheiten umfassenden Rückgrat. Dabei steht R für -Wasserstoff, -Aryl, -Alkyl, -Heterocyclen, Stickstoff, Sauerstoff und/oder Schwefel substituierte Aryle und/oder Al kyle. Insbesondere eignen sich beispielsweise Epoxidfunktio- nalisierte Komponenten, wie Bisphenol-F-Diglycidylether (BFDGE) oder Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether (BADGE), Polyurethan sowie Mischungen hieraus. Bevorzugt sind Epoxidharze basie rend auf Bisphenol-F-Diglycidylether (BFDGE), Bisphenol-A- Diglycidylether (BADGE), epoxidierte Novolake oder Mischungen hieraus. In particular, it is one or more monomeric or oligomeric resin component(s) with a carbon--that is to say --[-CR1R2-]n-comprising backbone. R is -hydrogen, -aryl, -alkyl, -heterocycles, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur-substituted aryls and/or alkyls. For example, epoxy-functionalized components such as bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), polyurethane and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable. Preference is given to epoxy resins based on bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), epoxidized novolaks or mixtures thereof.
Beispielsweise umfasst die erste Harzkomponente eine monomere und/oder oligomere, insbesondere epoxidierte Novolak- Abmischung mit Bisphenol A und/oder Bisphenol F- Diglycidylether, insbesondere mit kettenverlängertem Bi- sphenol-A und/oder -F, auch in Form einer di- oder höher- epoxidisehen Kohlenwasserstoff-basierten Harz-Komponente. For example, the first resin component comprises a monomeric and/or oligomeric, in particular epoxidized novolak mixture with bisphenol A and/or bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, in particular with chain-extended bisphenol A and/or F, also in the form of a di- or higher - Epoxy hydrocarbon-based resin component.
Insbesondere bevorzugt ist, dass alle Epoxidharzkomponenten zwei oder mehr Gycidylester- und/oder Glycidylether- und/oder Hydroxylfunktional!täten umfassen und/oder dass die Harzfor mulierung wenigstens eine als Härter fungierende Verbindungen auf Dicyandiamid- und/oder (Poly)-Aminbasis und/oder amino-
und/oder alkoxyfunktionaler Alkyl-/Aryl-Polysiloxanbasis, um fasst. It is particularly preferred that all epoxy resin components comprise two or more glycidyl ester and/or glycidyl ether and/or hydroxyl functionalities and/or that the resin formulation contains at least one compound acting as a hardener based on dicyandiamide and/or (poly)amine and/or or amino and/or alkoxy functional alkyl/aryl polysiloxane base.
Die zweite bei Raumtemperatur beispielsweise fest oder in ei nem Lösungsmittel zum Nasslack aufbereitete vorliegende Harz komponente umfasst bevorzugt zumindest eine monomere und/oder oligomere Harzkomponente auf Silizium-Sauerstoff-Basis, wobei die Bezeichnung „Harz" bereits impliziert, dass es sich dabei um eine organische Silizium-Sauerstoff-Verbindung handelt. Diese basiert beispielsweis auf Alkyl- und/oder Aryl- Polysiloxan und/oder auf Silsesquioxan. The second resin component that is present, for example solid at room temperature or processed in a solvent for wet paint, preferably comprises at least one monomeric and/or oligomeric resin component based on silicon and oxygen, with the term "resin" already implying that it is an organic one This is a silicon-oxygen compound based, for example, on alkyl and/or aryl polysiloxane and/or on silsesquioxane.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist als zweite Harzkomponente für die Pulverlackformulierung ein Harz und/oder ein Harzgemisch vor gesehen, bei dem zumindest ein Teil des zu einem Duromer här tenden Harz-Gemisches und/oder Harz-Härter-Gemisches für das IsolationsSystem eine Siloxan-haltige Verbindung ist, die im fertig ausgehärteten Duromer ein -[0-SiR2-0]n-Rückgrat bil det. According to the invention, a resin and/or a resin mixture is provided as the second resin component for the powder coating formulation, in which at least part of the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture for the insulation system that hardens to form a duromer contains a siloxane-containing compound which forms a -[0-SiR 2 -0] n backbone in the fully cured duromer.
Dabei steht „R" für alle Arten organischer Reste, die sich zur Härtung und/oder Vernetzung zu einem für ein Isolations system brauchbaren Isolationsstoff eignen. Insbesondere steht R für -Aryl, -Alkyl, -Heterocyclen, Stickstoff, Sauerstoff und/oder Schwefel substituierte Aryle und/oder Alkyle. "R" stands for all types of organic residues that are suitable for curing and/or crosslinking to form an insulating material that can be used for an insulation system. R stands in particular for -aryl, -alkyl, -heterocycles, nitrogen, oxygen and/or sulfur-substituted ones aryls and/or alkyls.
Insbesondere kann R gleich oder ungleich sein und für folgen de Gruppen stehen: In particular, R can be the same or different and can represent the following groups:
- Alkyl, beispielsweise -Methyl, -Propyl, -isoPropyl, - Butyl, -isoButyl, -tertButyl, -Pentyl, -isoPentyl, - Cyclopentyl sowie alle weiteren Analoge bis zu Dodecyl, also das Homologe mit 12 C-Atomen; - Alkyl, for example -methyl, -propyl, -isopropyl, -butyl, -isobutyl, -tertbutyl, -pentyl, -isopentyl, -cyclopentyl and all other analogs up to dodecyl, ie the homologue with 12 carbon atoms;
- Aryl, beispielsweise: Benzyl-, Benzoyl-, Biphenyl-, To- luyl-, Xylole sowie vergleichbare Aromaten, insbesondere beispielsweise alle Arylreste, mit einem oder mehreren Ringen, deren Aufbau der Definition von Hückel für die Aromatizität entspricht,
- Heterozyklen: insbesondere schwefelhaltige Heterozyklen wie Thiophen, Tetrahydrothiophen, 1,4-Thioxan und Homolo ge und/oder Derivate davon, - Aryl, for example: benzyl, benzoyl, biphenyl, toluene, xylene and comparable aromatics, in particular for example all aryl radicals, with one or more rings whose structure corresponds to Hückel's definition of aromaticity, - Heterocycles: in particular sulfur-containing heterocycles such as thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, 1,4-thioxane and homologues and/or derivatives thereof,
- Sauerstoffhaltige Heterozyklen wie z.B. Dioxane, - Stickstoffhaltige Heterozyklen wie z.B. solche mit -CN, -- Oxygen-containing heterocycles such as dioxanes, - Nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as those with -CN, -
CNO,-CNS, -N3 (Azid) Substituenten am Ring oder an den Ringen und CNO, -CNS, -N3 (azide) substituents on the ring or rings and
- Schwefel substituierte Aryle und/oder Alkyle: z.B. Thio phen, aber auch Thiole. - Sulfur-substituted aryls and/or alkyls: e.g. thiophen, but also thiols.
Die Hückel-Regel für aromatische Verbindungen bezieht sich auf den Zusammenhang, dass planare, cyclisch durchkonjugierte Moleküle, die eine Anzahl von P-Elektronen, die sich in Form von 4n + 2 darstellen lässt, umfasst, eine besondere Stabili- tät besitzen, die auch als Aromatizität bezeichnet wird. The Hückel rule for aromatic compounds refers to the fact that planar, cyclically conjugated molecules that contain a number of P electrons that can be represented in the form of 4n + 2 have a special stability that also called aromaticity.
Beispielsweise wird die zur Polymerisation funktionalisierte monomere oder oligomere zweite Harz-Komponente, die ein -[O- S1R2-O]n-Rückgrat hat mit einer oder mehreren, -[-CR1R2-]n- Rückgrat enthaltender erster Harz-Komponenten, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe folgender Verbindungen zum Harz-Gemisch und/oder Harz-Härter-Gemisch kombiniert: undestillierter und/oder destillierter, ggf. reaktivverdünn ter Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether, undestillierter und/oder destillierter, ggf. reaktivverdünnter Bisphenol-F-For example, the monomeric or oligomeric second resin component functionalized for polymerization and having a -[O-S1R2-O] n backbone with one or more first resin components containing -[-CR1R2-] n backbone is selected from the group of the following compounds combined to form the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture: undistilled and/or distilled, optionally reactively diluted bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, undistilled and/or distilled, optionally reactively diluted bisphenol F
Diglycidylether, hydrierter Bisphenol-A-Diglycidylether und/oder hydrierter Bisphenol-F-Diglycidylether, reiner und/oder mit Lösemitteln verdünnter Epoxy-Novolak und/oder Epoxy-Phenol-Novolak, cycloaliphatische Epoxidharze wie 3,4- epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylat z.B. Diglycidyl ether, hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and/or hydrogenated bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, pure and/or solvent-diluted epoxy novolak and/or epoxy phenol novolak, cycloaliphatic epoxy resins such as 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4- epoxycyclohexyl carboxylate e.g.
CY179, ERL-4221; Celloxide 2021P, Bis(3,4- epoxycyclohexylmethyl)adipat, z.B. ERL-4299; Celloxide 2081, Vinylcyclohexendiepoxid, z.B. ERL-4206; Celloxide 2000, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy)-cyclohexan-meta- dioxan z.B. ERL-4234; Hexahydrophthalsäurediglycidylester, z.B. CY184, EPalloy 5200; Tetrahydrophthalsäurediglycidyl- ether z.B. CY192; glycidierte Aminoharze (N,N-Diglycidyl- para-glycidyloxyanilin z.B. MY0500, MY0510, N,N-Diglycidyl-
meta-glycidyloxyanilin z.B. MY0600, MY0610, N,N,N',N'- Tetraglycidyl-4,4'-methylendianilin z.B. MY720, MY721, MY725, sowie beliebiger Mischungen der vorgenannten Verbindungen. CY179, ERL-4221; Celloxide 2021P, bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl) adipate, eg ERL-4299; Celloxide 2081, vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, eg ERL-4206; Celloxide 2000, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl-5,5-spiro-3,4-epoxy)-cyclohexane-metadioxane eg ERL-4234; Diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, eg CY184, EPalloy 5200; tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ether, for example CY192; glycidated amino resins (N,N-diglycidyl-para-glycidyloxyaniline e.g. MY0500, MY0510, N,N-diglycidyl- meta-glycidyloxyaniline, for example MY0600, MY0610, N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-4,4'-methylenedianiline, for example MY720, MY721, MY725, and any mixtures of the aforementioned compounds.
Als zur Polymerisation funktionalisierte monomere oder Oligo mere Komponente, die ein -[O-SiR2-0-]n-Rückgrat hat eignen sich glycidyl-basierte und/oder epoxy-terminierte Aryl- und/oder Alkyl-Siloxane, wie beispielsweise glycidoxy funkti onalisierte, insbesondere glycidoxyterminierte Siloxane. So eignet sich beispielsweise ein Siloxan wie das 1,3-Bis(3- glycidyl-oxypropyl)tetramethyldisiloxan, das DGTMS, und/oder das glycidoxyterminierte Phenyl-Dimethylsiloxan und/oder Phe nyl-Methyl-Siloxan in monomerer und/oder in oligomerer Form, sowie in beliebigen Mischungen und/oder in Form von Deriva ten. Anstelle der 4 Methylsubstituenten am Silizium im DGTMS können verschiedene, gleiche oder ungleiche beliebige Alkyl- und/oder Aryl-Substituenten stehen. Eine dieser bereits ge testeten Komponenten ist als „Silres© HP® 1250© handelsüb lich. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass zumindest zweifach funktiona lisierte Siloxane, die zur Herstellung von Duroplasten ein- setzbar sind, hier geeignet sind. Glycidyl-based and/or epoxy-terminated aryl and/or alkyl siloxanes such as, for example, glycidoxy functi nalized, in particular glycidoxy-terminated, siloxanes. For example, a siloxane such as 1,3-bis(3-glycidyloxypropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane, DGTMS, and/or glycidoxy-terminated phenyldimethylsiloxane and/or phenylmethylsiloxane in monomeric and/or oligomeric form is suitable , as well as in any mixtures and/or in the form of derivatives. Instead of the 4 methyl substituents on the silicon in the DGTMS there can be any different, identical or different alkyl and/or aryl substituents. One of these already tested components is commercially available as “Silres© HP® 1250©. It has been shown that at least doubly functionalized siloxanes, which can be used to produce thermosets, are suitable here.
Handelsüblich ist beispielsweise folgende, hydroxy- funktionalisierte Polyphenylsiloxanbasierte und hier geeig nete Verbindung der Wacker AG „Silres -603" For example, the following hydroxy-functionalized polyphenylsiloxane-based compound from Wacker AG “Silres-603” is commercially available and is suitable here.
Des Weiteren eignet sich als zweite Harzkomponente in der Pulverlackformulierung auf Silizium-Sauerstoff-Basis ein oder mehrere Silsesquioxane oder Derivate des Silsesquioxan. Das ist eine organische Silizium-Sauerstoff-basierte Verbindung mit käfigartiger oder polymeren Strukturen die ein -[O-SiR2- 0-]n-Rückgrat haben, wie die unten gezeigten Beispiele:
insbesondere kann R hierbei gleich oder ungleich sein und für folgende Gruppen stehen: Furthermore, one or more silsesquioxanes or derivatives of silsesquioxane are suitable as the second resin component in the powder coating formulation based on silicon and oxygen. This is an organic silicon-oxygen-based compound with cage-like or polymeric structures that have a -[O-SiR2- 0-] n backbone, such as the examples shown below: in particular, R can be the same or different and can represent the following groups:
- Alkyl, beispielsweise -Methyl, -Propyl, -isoPropyl, - Butyl, -isoButyl, -tertButyl, -Pentyl, -isoPentyl, - Cyclopentyl sowie alle weiteren Analoge bis zu Dodecyl, also das Homologe mit 12 C-Atomen; - Alkyl, for example -methyl, -propyl, -isopropyl, -butyl, -isobutyl, -tertbutyl, -pentyl, -isopentyl, -cyclopentyl and all other analogs up to dodecyl, ie the homologue with 12 carbon atoms;
- Aryl, beispielsweise: Benzyl-, Benzoyl-, Biphenyl-, To- luyl-, Xylole sowie vergleichbare Aromaten, insbesondere beispielsweise alle Arylreste, mit einem oder mehreren Ringen, deren Aufbau der Definition von Hückel für die Aromatizität entspricht, - Aryl, for example: benzyl, benzoyl, biphenyl, toluene, xylene and comparable aromatics, in particular for example all aryl radicals, with one or more rings whose structure corresponds to Hückel's definition of aromaticity,
- Heterozyklen: insbesondere schwefelhaltige Heterozyklen wie Thiophen, Tetrahydrothiophen, 1,4-Thioxan und Homolo ge und/oder Derivate davon, - Heterocycles: in particular sulfur-containing heterocycles such as thiophene, tetrahydrothiophene, 1,4-thioxane and homologues and/or derivatives thereof,
- Sauerstoffhaltige Heterozyklen wie z.B. Dioxane, - Oxygen-containing heterocycles such as dioxanes,
- Stickstoffhaltige Heterozyklen wie z.B. solche mit -CN, - CNO,-CNS, Substituenten am Ring oder an den Ringen und- Nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as those with -CN, -CNO,-CNS, substituents on the ring or rings and
- Schwefel substituierte Aryle und/oder Alkyle: z.B. Thio phen, aber auch Thiole. - Sulfur-substituted aryls and/or alkyls: e.g. thiophen, but also thiols.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform umfasst die Formu lierung des Weiteren noch Füllstoffe, insbesondere sphärisch
geformte und/oder unregelmäßig geformte Füllstoffe. Die Füll stoffe können kristallin und/oder amorph vorliegen. According to an advantageous embodiment, the formulation also includes fillers, in particular spherical ones shaped and/or irregularly shaped fillers. The fillers can be crystalline and/or amorphous.
Bevorzugt sind die Füllstoffe auf Siliziumdioxid-Basis, bei- spielsweise enthalten sie Quarzgut, Quarzmehl und/oder Quarz glas. The fillers are preferably based on silicon dioxide, for example they contain fused silica, ground quartz and/or quartz glass.
Es wurde erkannt, dass die Resistenz der sprühbaren Pulver lackformulierung und/oder Nasslacklackierung durch Zugabe von Füllstoffen, insbesondere von mineralischen oder/auch synthe tischen Füllstoffen, wie Quarzmehl, Quarzgut, Glasmehl, in einem Masseanteil von beispielsweise 5 Gew% bis 65 Gew% er höht wird, wenn zumindest ein Teil des Harzes durch eine tei lentladungsresistente Komponente ausgetauscht wird. Als tei lentladungsresistente Komponente wird dabei die zweite, auf Silizium anstelle von Kohlenstoff basierende Harzkomponente bezeichnet. Diese kann entweder ein Polysiloxan oder eine Silsesquioxan respektive ein oder ein Gemisch mehrerer Deri vate dieser Silizium-haltigen Verbindungen mit Sauerstoff sein. It has been recognized that the resistance of the sprayable powder paint formulation and/or wet paint coating can be increased by adding fillers, in particular mineral or/or synthetic fillers, such as quartz powder, fused silica, glass powder, in a mass fraction of, for example, 5% by weight to 65% by weight is increased when at least part of the resin is replaced with a partial discharge resistant component. The second resin component based on silicon instead of carbon is referred to as the partial discharge-resistant component. This can either be a polysiloxane or a silsesquioxane or one or a mixture of several derivatives of these silicon-containing compounds with oxygen.
So kann auf den Einsatz der zum Band verklebten großen Glim merplättchen verzichtet und das Isolationsmaterial in Form einer Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslacklackierung automa tisiert durch Versprühen und/oder Eintauchen appliziert und hergestellt werden. The use of the large mica flakes glued to form the strip can be dispensed with and the insulation material can be applied and produced in the form of a powder coating formulation or wet coating automatically by spraying and/or dipping.
Teilentladungsresistente Harze und Harzmischungen sind bei spielweise solche, in denen als polymerer Bestandteil eine Komponente mit einem -[-O-S1R2-O-]n- Rückgrat als Nebenbe standteil des Harz-Gemisches und/oder Harz-Härter-Gemisches, also zu weniger als 50mol%, insbesondere zu weniger als 40 mol% und ganz bevorzugt zu weniger als 30 mol% des polymeri sierbaren Harz-Gemisches und/oder Harz-Härter-Gemisches vor liegt.
Als Härter eignen sich kationische und anionische Härtungska talysatoren, wie beispielsweise organische Salze, wie organi sche Ammonium-, Sulphonium-, Iodonium-, Phosphonium- und/oder Imidazolium-salze und Amine, wie tertiäre Amine, Pyrazole und/oder Imidazol-Verbindungen. Beispielhaft genannt sei hier 4,5-Dihydroxymethyl-2-phenylimidazol und/oder 2-Phenyl-4- methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazol. Es können aber auch oxiran- gruppenhaltige Verbindungen, wie beispielsweise Glycidylether als Härter eingesetzt werden. Ebenso gut wie das Basisharz kann auch der Härter alternativ oder ergänzend durch eine Verbindung mit -[O-SiR2-0-]n-Rückgrat, hier auch Siloxanba sierte Verbindung genannt, teilweise oder ganz ersetzt wer den. Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform werden bei spielsweise eine oder mehrere Fraktionen an nanopartikulärem Füllstoff zugesetzt, insbesondere solche, die beispielsweise auf Quarz, Si02, basieren. Dabei wird nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der For mulierung zusätzlich ein Additiv, insbesondere ein Sinterad ditiv, beispielsweise basierend auf einer organischen Phos phorverbindung, zugesetzt. Die organische Phosphorverbindung katalysiert das Verschmelzen und/oder Versinterung gleichzei- tig vorliegender Si02-Nanopartikel zu glasartigen Bereichen im Harz. Beispielsweise wird dadurch ein glasartiger Bereich als Barriereschicht im IsolationsSystem erzeugt. Partial discharge-resistant resins and resin mixtures are, for example, those in which the polymeric component is a component with a -[-O-S1R2-O-] n - backbone as a secondary component of the resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture, i.e. too few than 50 mol%, in particular less than 40 mol% and very preferably less than 30 mol% of the polymerizable resin mixture and/or resin-hardener mixture. Suitable hardeners are cationic and anionic hardening catalysts, such as organic salts, such as organic ammonium, sulfonium, iodonium, phosphonium and/or imidazolium salts and amines, such as tertiary amines, pyrazoles and/or imidazole compounds. Examples which may be mentioned here are 4,5-dihydroxymethyl-2-phenylimidazole and/or 2-phenyl-4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazole. However, compounds containing oxirane groups, such as, for example, glycidyl ether, can also be used as hardeners. Just as well as the base resin, the hardener can alternatively or additionally be partially or completely replaced by a compound with -[O-SiR 2 -0-] n backbone, also referred to here as a siloxane-based compound. According to a further advantageous embodiment, for example, one or more fractions of nanoparticulate filler are added, in particular those which are based, for example, on quartz, SiO 2 . According to an advantageous embodiment of the formulation, an additive, in particular a sintering additive, for example based on an organic phosphorus compound, is also added. The organic phosphorus compound catalyzes the merging and/or sintering of simultaneously present Si0 2 nanoparticles to form vitreous areas in the resin. For example, this creates a glass-like area as a barrier layer in the insulation system.
Bevorzugt liegt in der Formulierung eine Kombination aus dem Sinteradditiv und dem nanopartikulären Füllstoff vor, weil sich dadurch beim Vorhandensein einer elektrischen Entladung verglaste Bereiche im fertigen Duromer ausbilden, die eine besonders gute IsolationsWirkung zeigen, bilden. Neueste Aus lagerungen derartiger fertig gehärteter Isolationsstoffe zei- gen eine Lebensdauererhöhung um den Faktor 8. A combination of the sintering additive and the nanoparticulate filler is preferably present in the formulation because, when an electrical discharge is present, this causes vitrified areas to form in the finished duromer, which exhibit a particularly good insulating effect. Recent storage of such ready-hardened insulation materials shows an increase in service life by a factor of 8.
Durch die Herstellung einer Hauptisolation und/oder eines Au ßenglimmschutzes u und/oder eines Endenglimmschutzes durch
Versprühen eines Pulverlacks und/oder eines Nasslacks wird die Applikation von Glimmerband per Hand überflüssig und die Herstellung lässt sich problemlos automatisieren. By producing a main insulation and/or an external corona protection and/or an end corona protection Spraying a powder paint and/or a wet paint makes the manual application of mica tape superfluous and the production can be easily automated.
Hier wird erstmals ein Pulverlack und/oder ein Nasslack zur automatisierten Herstellung aller oder zumindest einiger Kom ponenten eines IsolationsSystems einer elektrischen rotieren den Maschine offenbart.
A powder paint and/or a wet paint for the automated production of all or at least some components of an insulation system of an electrical rotating machine is disclosed here for the first time.
Claims
1. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack zur Herstellung ei nes Isolationssystems einer elektrischen Maschine, insbeson- dere einer rotierenden elektrischen Maschine mit einer Bemes sungsspannung von mindestens 700 V, umfassend wenigstens ein härtbares, insbesondere ein bei Raumtemperatur als Pulver lackformulierung fest vorliegendes oder in einem Lösungsmit tel zum Nasslack aufbereitetes Harz-Harz- oder Harz-Härter- Gemisch, das 1. Powder paint formulation or wet paint for producing an insulation system of an electrical machine, in particular a rotating electrical machine with a rated voltage of at least 700 V, comprising at least one curable powder paint formulation, in particular one that is solid at room temperature or in a solvent for Resin-resin or resin-hardener mixture prepared with wet paint
- zumindest eine erste Harz-Komponente, die auf Kohlenwas serstoffbasis ist und zumindest zwei Epoxidgruppen auf weist, - at least one first resin component which is based on hydrocarbons and has at least two epoxy groups,
- zumindest eine zweite Harzkomponente, die auf Silizium- sauerstoff-Basis ist und insbesondere eine Siloxan- und/oder eine Silsesquioxan- oder eine von diesen Stamm- Verbindungen derivatisierte Verbindung ist und mindes tens eine Hydroxy-Funktionalität aufweist, sowie - At least one second resin component which is based on silicon-oxygen and is in particular a siloxane and/or a silsesquioxane compound or a compound derivatized from these parent compounds and has at least one hydroxyl functionality, and
- einen Härter und/oder einen initiierenden Katalysator umfasst, wobei mengenmäßig die Harz-Komponente auf Kohlenwas serstoffbasis überwiegt. - A hardener and/or an initiating catalyst, wherein quantitatively the resin component based on hydrocarbons predominates.
2. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach Anspruch 1, wo bei die erste Harzkomponente, die Kohlenwasserstoff basiert ist, ein monomeres und/oder Oligomeres diepoxidiertes Epoxid harz, cycloaliphatisches Epoxidharz, Diglycidyletherharz und/oder epoxidiertes Novolakharz umfasst. 2. Powder coating formulation or wet paint according to claim 1, wherein the first resin component which is hydrocarbon based comprises a monomeric and/or oligomeric diepoxidized epoxy resin, cycloaliphatic epoxy resin, diglycidyl ether resin and/or epoxidized novolac resin.
3. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der An- Sprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die zweite Harzkomponente auf Silizi um-Sauerstoff-Basis eine monomere und/oder oligomere gly- cidyl-basierte und/oder epoxy-terminierte und/oder Hydroxy- terminierte und/oder hydroxy-funktionalisierte Aryl- und/oder Alkyl-Siloxan-Verbindung umfasst. 3. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to one of Claims 1 or 2, wherein the second resin component based on silicon and oxygen is a monomeric and/or oligomeric glycidyl-based and/or epoxy-terminated and/or hydroxy-terminated and/or hydroxy functionalized aryl and/or alkyl siloxane compound.
4. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der vor hergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die zweite Harzkomponente auf
Silizium-Sauerstoff-Basis eine monomere und/oder oligomere Silsesquioxan-Verbindung umfasst. 4. Powder coating formulation or wet paint according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second resin component Silicon-oxygen base comprises a monomeric and / or oligomeric silsesquioxane compound.
5. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der vor- hergehenden Ansprüche, die Füllstoffe umfasst. 5. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to any one of the preceding claims, which comprises fillers.
6. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach Anspruch 5, wo bei die Füllstoffe zumindest zum Teil elektrisch leitfähig sind. 6. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to claim 5, where the fillers are at least partially electrically conductive.
7. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der An sprüche 5 oder 6, wobei die Füllstoffe zumindest zum Teil elektrisch isolierend sind. 7. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the fillers are at least partially electrically insulating.
8. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der vor hergehenden Ansprüche, die Additive und/oder Sinterhilfen um fasst. 8. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to one of the preceding claims, which summarizes additives and/or sintering aids.
9. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der vor- hergehenden Ansprüche, in der ein kationischer Härter vor liegt, der zumindest eine Verbindung, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der organischen Salze, wie organische Ammonium-, Sulp- honium-, Iodonium- und/oder Phosphoniumsalze umfasst. 9. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to one of the preceding claims, in which a cationic hardener is present, which is at least one compound selected from the group of organic salts, such as organic ammonium, sulfonium, iodonium and/or phosphonium salts includes.
10. Pulverlackformulierung oder Nasslack nach einem der vor hergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8, in der ein anionischer Härter vorliegt, der zumindest eine Verbindung, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Imidazolium-salze und Amine, wie tertiäre Amine, und/oder aus der Gruppe der Cyanamide, wie z.B. Dicyanamid, und/oder Pyrazole und/oder Imidazol-Verbindungen umfasst. 10. Powder paint formulation or wet paint according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, in which there is an anionic hardener which contains at least one compound selected from the group of imidazolium salts and amines, such as tertiary amines, and/or from the group of cyanamides , such as dicyanamide, and/or pyrazoles and/or imidazole compounds.
11. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer oder mehrerer Komponenten eines IsolationsSystems einer elektrischen rotierenden Ma schine, eine Hauptisolation, einen Außenglimmschutz und/oder einen Endenglimmschutz umfassend, folgende Verfahrensschritte aufweisend: a) Bereitstellung einer Pulverlackformulierung und/oder eines Nasslacks mit einer ersten, kohlenwasserstoff-basierten Harz-
komponente und einer zweiten, Silizium-Sauerstoffbasierten Harzkomponente sowie einer Härter und/oder Katalysatorkompo nente und anschließende b) Pulverlackierung und/oder Nasslackierung der Spule oder des Stabes zur Herstellung der Hauptisolation und/oder des Außenglimmschutzes und/oder des Endenglimm schutzes 11. A method for producing one or more components of an insulation system of an electrical rotating machine, comprising a main insulation, an external corona protection and/or an end corona protection, having the following process steps: a) providing a powder coating formulation and/or a wet coating with a first, hydrocarbon-based Resin- component and a second, silicon-oxygen-based resin component and a hardener and/or catalyst component and subsequent b) powder coating and/or wet coating of the coil or rod to produce the main insulation and/or the external corona protection and/or the end corona protection
- Gegebenenfalls Wiederholung der Schritte a) und b) bis eine vorgegebene Isolationsdicke erreicht ist. - If necessary, repeat steps a) and b) until a specified insulation thickness is reached.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, den zusätzlichen Verfahrens schritt der Bereitstellung einer elektrisch leitfähigen Pul verlackformulierung oder eines elektrisch leitfähigen Nasslacks durch Einbringen eines elektrisch leitfähigen Füll- Stoffes in die Pulverlackformulierung und/oder in den Nass lack umfasst. 12. Method according to claim 11, comprising the additional method step of providing an electrically conductive powder coating formulation or an electrically conductive wet coating by introducing an electrically conductive filler into the powder coating formulation and/or into the wet coating.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, wobei die Pulverlackierung durch Versprühen der Pulverlackformulierung und/oder des Nasslacks auf das erwärmte Substrat und an schließendes Abkühlen erfolgt. 13. The method according to any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the powder coating is carried out by spraying the powder coating formulation and / or the wet paint onto the heated substrate and subsequent cooling.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, wobei die Pulverlackierung durch Eintauchen in einer Pulverlackwirbel- bett erfolgt. 14. The method according to any one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the powder coating is carried out by immersion in a powder coating fluidized bed.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, das automa tisiert durchgeführt wird.
15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, which is carried out automatically.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021201664 | 2021-02-22 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/053760 WO2022175303A1 (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-16 | Insulation system for electrically rotating machines and method for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4294885A1 true EP4294885A1 (en) | 2023-12-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22707666.8A Pending EP4294885A1 (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-02-16 | Insulation system for electrically rotating machines and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240318032A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4294885A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN116964164A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022175303A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6103157A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-08-15 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corp. | Process for impregnating electrical coils |
| EP1354916A1 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-22 | Abb Research Ltd. | Self-hardening epoxy resin for the manufacture of electric insulators |
| DE102010019724A1 (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical insulation material and insulation tape for electrical insulation of medium and high voltage |
| ITTO20131021A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-14 | Alenia Aermacchi Spa | MULTIFUNCTIONAL EPOXY RESIN WITH INCREASED FLAME RESISTANCE |
| EP3460959A1 (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-03-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical insulation material and/or impregnating resin for the roll tape insulation of a medium and/or high voltage machine and an isolation system made from same |
| DE102018202058A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Formulation for the preparation of an insulation system, electrical machine and method for producing an insulation system |
| DE102018218866A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical equipment with insulation system, as well as method for manufacturing the insulation system |
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 US US18/547,236 patent/US20240318032A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-16 WO PCT/EP2022/053760 patent/WO2022175303A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-02-16 EP EP22707666.8A patent/EP4294885A1/en active Pending
- 2022-02-16 CN CN202280016460.6A patent/CN116964164A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240318032A1 (en) | 2024-09-26 |
| CN116964164A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
| WO2022175303A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
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