EP4291385A1

EP4291385A1 - Device and method for simultaneous additive manufacturing of components composed of different materials

Info

Publication number: EP4291385A1
Application number: EP22708506.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jochen Sagolla; Lars DIEZ
Original assignee: Kulzer GmbH; Kulzer and Co GmbH
Current assignee: Kulzer GmbH
Priority date: 2021-02-15
Filing date: 2022-02-14
Publication date: 2023-12-20
Also published as: DE102021103511A1; US20240116243A1; DE102021103511A9; WO2022171850A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one three-dimensional shaped part (2) composed of at least two radiation-curable compositions (3a, 3b), comprising – at least one radiation source (4) and/or beam deflecting device suitable for upside down impingement of beams on the curable compositions (3), and – at least one pressure trough (6) having at least two process chambers (7) open at the top side and suitable in each case for receiving curable compositions (3), wherein the at least two process chambers (7) are arrangeable or arranged above the radiation source (4) or a beam deflecting device, such that beams are able to impinge on the curable compositions (3) in the process chambers (7) from below via the radiation source (4) and/or the beam deflecting device, and – a build platform (9) having an underside (10), on which beams from the radiation source are able to impinge, suitable for the linking of the shaped part (2) to be formed from the curable compositions (3), wherein the base (11) of the pressure trough (6) having the at least two process chambers (7), said base facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflecting device, at least partly comprises a transparent material. Furthermore, the invention relates to the relevant method for manufacturing at least one three-dimensional shaped part (2) composed of at least two different curable compositions (3).

Description

Device and method for the simultaneous additive manufacturing of

components made of different materials

The present invention relates to a 3D printer based on the principle of the SLA/DLP method.

3D printers based on the principle of the SLA/DLP process can currently only produce molded parts from one material. 3D printers available in the prior art allow the use of different materials. For this purpose, however, the material in the pressure reservoir must be exchanged or the entire reservoir including the material must be exchanged. This approach only allows serial processing of the method steps. The device and the method of the invention are particularly effective in a CLIP method (Continuous Liquid Interface Production) - ie in a continuous method in which a so-called "dead zone" is built up, from which the shaped body can be built up. In this process, a "non-polymerizable zone (dead zone)" is chemically generated between the contact surface of the molded body on the construction platform and the transparent base, from which the molded body is produced from a curable composition using the CLIP process.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device and a method that allow the simultaneous printing of different materials in the same 3D printer.

The object is achieved by a device for the layer-by-layer generative production of at least two three-dimensional molded parts, each comprising at least one separate radiation-curable composition, in particular comprising two to n molded parts

- at least one radiation source and/or radiation deflection device suitable for the head-over exposure of the curable compositions with radiation, and

- at least one pressure tank with at least two process chambers open at the top, in particular two to nth process chambers, each suitable for receiving one of the curable composition, wherein the at least two process chambers can be arranged or are arranged above the radiation source or a beam deflection device, so that the curable compositions in the respective process chambers, in particular different process chambers, via which radiation source and/or the radiation deflection device can be exposed to radiation from below, and - a construction platform, in particular with an underside that can be exposed to radiation from the radiation source, suitable for the connection of the respective curable composition in the at least two open process chambers on the upper side molded parts to be formed, wherein the base of the at least one pressure tank with the at least two process chambers facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device at least partially comprises a transparent material.

The base is preferably provided with a fluorine-containing coating or fluorine-containing film on the surface facing the inside of the process chambers. The floor can be segmented and can be a separate floor for each process chamber. The floor can thus be designed for each process chamber with special radiation filters depending on the radiation-curable composition. In an alternative, the base can comprise a transparent plate on which a silicone layer and/or film is arranged for each process chamber. The advantage of this segmentation is that in the event of damage, only one foil in the affected process chamber needs to be replaced. The pressure tub can comprise two to n, with n equal to 3 to 500 process chambers, in particular 3 to 150, preferably 10 to 150, particularly preferably 50 to 250.

It may alternatively be preferred that a tray with a transparent bottom or a transparent tray is used in each of the one to nth process chamber. The shells can be snapped into the process chambers or magnetically fixed in the process chambers. Curable compositions can be filled into said shells. Alternatively, the trays can be provided as sealed kits comprising curable compositions. Furthermore, trays can be provided as a horizontal array of trays comprising one or different curable compositions as sealed kits.

With the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention, one to n molded parts per process chamber and one to n molded parts per process chamber can be produced simultaneously from each of the curable compositions by means of radiation curing in each of the at least second to nth process chamber. The particular advantage of the invention results from the arrangement of a pressure tank with two to n process chambers in a device with a planar radiation source, in particular with a projection unit, for the simultaneous radiant exposure of the bottom of the process chamber filled with a composition selected from one to n process chambers.

The device preferably comprises a device for homogenizing the radiation quantity distribution of the radiation source and/or the radiation quantity distribution of the beam deflection device, which is used to produce a homogenized radiation quantity distribution and has an arrangement of a surface-emitting radiation source, a surface light modulator and optics, in particular a lens system forms the optics. The device for homogenizing the radiation quantity distribution is preferably provided below the exposure field on which the pressure tank can be arranged in the device. The device for homogenizing the distribution of the amount of radiation is suitable for homogenizing the surface-emitting radiation source and for imaging the beams only on selected process chambers, in particular on the process chambers filled with a composition. In a very particularly preferred device and method, the simultaneous exposure of a selection of process chambers, in particular the process chamber filled with a radiation-curable composition, is possible.

The object of the present invention is achieved in an alternative by a device for the layer-by-layer generative production of at least two three-dimensional molded parts, each comprising at least one separate radiation-curable composition

- containing a pressure tank, optionally in an optionally at least one tank module, with at least two open-top process chambers, each suitable for receiving a curable composition, and at least one storage chamber, which comprises a supply of at least one curable composition, the at least two process chambers above the radiation source or a beam deflection device can be arranged or are arranged such that the curable compositions in the process chambers can be exposed to radiation from below via the radiation source and/or the beam deflection device, and

- a construction platform with an underside that can be exposed to radiation from the radiation source, suitable for connecting the molded part to be formed from the respective curable composition, characterized in that the base of the pressure tub facing the radiation source and/or radiation deflection device has at least two process chambers partially comprises a transparent material. Preferably, at least two or each process chamber can be assigned a separate storage chamber and optionally a separate basin module. In this way, it is possible to print almost continuously in the respective process chambers. For example, a storage chamber and optionally a tank module can be assigned to one or more process chambers in order to permanently print 3D molded parts in the process chambers by means of radiation curing without the composition present in the process chamber being permanently exposed to the radiation. By storing the curable composition in storage chambers, additional curable composition can be supplied to a process chamber as required.

A print tub, in one embodiment, may be part of a basin module of a 3D printer. A preferred pressure tub is placed in an apparatus without a pool module. The pressure tub contains - in particular separated by one or more partitions - one or more process chambers in which the actual 3D printing process takes place. The partition walls can be reversibly fixed vertically in the bottom of the pressure tub, in particular pluggable, magnetically fixable and/or snappable, e.g. in transparent silicone lips, which can be arranged on the bottom of the pressure tub. As a result, each process chamber can be configurable in terms of size and can be adapted to the printing process. The number and size of the process chambers are therefore variable. The pressure tub preferably includes all of the process chambers.

The bottom of the pressure tub is preferably made of a transparent material, so that the radiation source, with the radiation of which curable compositions are cured, can be positioned below the bottom. Irradiation takes place through the bottom of the tub. In this case, the floor can preferably be provided as a continuous, large irradiation window across all process chambers or as an individual irradiation window for each process chamber. Alternatively, the base of the trough can be formed by a transparent plate onto which shells with a transparent base, preferably transparent bases made of transparent films, can be placed to form the process chambers.

The walls of the pressure tub and optional snap-in dividers are preferably coated with silicone to provide effective sealing of the individual process chambers from each other so that different compositions can be loaded into the process chambers. In one embodiment, the bottom of the pressure vessel is made of 100% transparent radiolucent material. The transparent, radiolucent material can, in particular, be an inorganic glass, in particular quartz glass, or a transparent polymeric material such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC) or polyimide.

It is preferred that the two to nth process chambers, in particular with n equal to 20 to 200, of the pressure vessel are formed by vertical partitions, optionally transparent partitions, in the pressure vessel.

It is also preferred if the pressure tank with the base facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device is formed by at least one transparent i) glass plate, with the at least one glass plate optionally on the surface of the at least one glass plate facing the at least two process chambers with a coating, a silicone layer and/or a film or, optionally, a film being arranged on the silicone layer, or ii) polymer plate, wherein the at least one polymer plate is optionally on the surface of the at least one that faces the at least two process chambers Polymer plate is provided with a coating, a silicone layer and/or a film or, optionally, a film being arranged on the silicone layer, or iii) film, in particular at least one polymeric film, preferably a fluorine-containing polymeric film.

The coating is preferably an anti-stick coating, in particular the coating comprises fluorine-containing polymers, particularly preferably fluorine- and polyalkylene oxide-containing polymers. More preferably, the glass is selected from Si0 ₂ glass, borosilicate glass, quartz glass, tempered glass. A preferred polymer sheet is formed from a transparent polymer including polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or polyimide.

It is further preferred if the film is preferably a film that is permeable to gases, in particular nitrogen and/or oxygen. Particularly preferred films or coatings or silicones include, as fluorine-containing polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorine-containing polyalkylene oxides or other partially or perfluorinated hydrocarbons known to those skilled in the art, as well as partially or perfluorinated fluoroalkyl compounds containing oxygen atoms, in particular for nitrogen and/or oxygen permeable films.

According to an alternative, it is preferred if the bottom of the pressure tank or a bottom of the respective process chamber is formed by: i) a glass plate with a film on it or a polymer plate, in particular the respective plate has a coating on the surface facing the process chambers, preferably an anti-stick coating, preferably a fluorine-containing coating, ii) film, in particular a flat film made of polymeric material , preferably a fluorine containing polymeric film, preferably a fluorocarbon containing film such as polytetrafluoroethylene containing film, preferably the film is a gas permeable membrane comprising fluorocarbons. It is further preferred if the film is permeable to nitrogen and/or oxygen.

The floor of the pressure tub can in particular integrally comprise a first floor in a first process chamber, a second floor in a second process chamber and an nth floor in the nth process chamber. Alternatively, the bottom of the pressure tub can be segmented, with the first, second to nth floor being able to form the bottom of the pressure tub from individual segments. It is preferred if the transparent bottom of the pressure pan is formed integrally for the entire pressure pan. Likewise, it is preferred if the transparent base of the pressure tub integrally encompasses the first, second to nth base of the process chambers.

Depending on the proportion of transparent material on the bottom of the pressure vessel, at least one process chamber to several process chambers of the pressure vessel can be irradiated simultaneously with a radiation source positioned below the floor, so that in one embodiment the different curable compositions in the different process chambers can be cured simultaneously with the same radiation source . In another embodiment, a single irradiation window is provided for each process chamber, in particular with a separate radiation source, preferably with a projection unit. A device for the simultaneous additive manufacturing of components from different curable compositions is thus made available in an advantageous manner.

3D printing (also known as 3D printing), also known as additive manufacturing, additive manufacturing (AM), generative manufacturing or rapid technologies, is a comprehensive term for all manufacturing processes in which material is applied layer by layer and such three-dimensional objects (workpieces) are generated. The layered structure is computer-controlled from one or more liquid or solid materials according to specified dimensions and shapes (cf. CAD). During construction, physical or chemical hardening or melting processes take place. Typical materials for 3D printing are plastics, synthetic resins, ceramics and metals. Upside-down exposure of the curable composition to radiation means that the curable composition is irradiated with radiation from below, through the bottom of the pressure vessel, and is thereby cured. In this case, the underside of the molding to be formed from the curable compositions is attached to the underside of the construction platform or underside of the molding being formed. Such head-over exposure to radiation or rays can be achieved, for example, by arranging the radiation or radiation source below the pressure tub arrangement. Alternatively, it is also possible to mount a mirror arrangement below the pressure vessel arrangement as a radiation deflection device, via which the radiation is introduced in a suitable manner through the transparent bottom of the pressure vessel. At least two, in particular a large number of radiation sources and/or radiation deflection devices can also be provided. In one embodiment, each process chamber is assigned a radiation source or a radiation deflection device.

Depending on the selection of the starting components, the curable compositions can cure by means of exposure to radiation, e.g. with polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition and/or thermally.

Compositions that can be cured by means of radiation, such as are used, for example, in stereolithography, are well known to the person skilled in the art and are also commercially available. These are, for example, monomer mixtures containing, for example, acrylates, which can be cured by radiation, in particular in the presence of activators and/or initiators, via a polymer reaction, usually a free-radical polymerization. These curable compositions can be used both in liquid and in viscous, for example pasty, form. The curable compositions that are used with the device according to the invention can differ, for example, in their type, composition and color or coloring (shades). Suitable curable compositions can be equipped, for example, with fillers, colorants, flow improvers and/or other additives.

Radiation includes the light spectrum visible to humans as well as ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation.

Different curable compositions can also be deposited in the at least two process chambers which are open at the top. A device according to the invention is preferably a device for photopolymerization, in particular according to DIN EN ISO/ASTM 52900, VPP Vat photopolymerization.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the device is one for stereolithographic production of at least one three-dimensional molded part from at least two curable compositions and/or that the device is one for digital light processing of at least one three-dimensional molded part from at least two curable compositions.

Stereolithography methods are among the rapid prototyping methods. The rapid prototyping processes are three-dimensional printing processes. Here, radiation-polymerizable (curable) monomers or compositions comprising a mixture of monomers are preferably polymerized with UV rays. Based on a 3D model in STL format, this may be provided with a support structure, also known as a support, to increase stability in the bath on the construction platform. The model obtained in this way is then digitally divided into individual layers, the process is referred to as slicing. The individual layers are read into a machine control and adjusted accordingly. The machine control regulates the sequence of movements and the irradiation process.

Digital Light Processing (DLP, English) is a projection technology developed and registered as a trademark by the US company Texas Instruments (TI) in which images are generated by modulating a digital image onto a beam of light. The light beam is broken down into pixels by a rectangular arrangement of movable micromirrors and then reflected pixel by pixel either into the projection path or out of the projection path. The heart of this technology, the component that contains the rectangular arrangement (matrix) of mirrors and their control technology, is called DMD - Digital Micromirror Device. However, DLP is also used in the industrial sector for additive manufacturing.

In a DLP process, a surface is irradiated using a DLP chip (digital light processing, a micromirror reactor) with LED technology and an optical power of 0.5 to 100 watts. The DLP method is only known as a static method and as a scrolling method. The radiation source is not moved during the irradiation phase (static) and always irradiates new resin layers to be polymerized in still images. The device also includes an arrangement comprising a surface-emitting radiation source, a surface light modulator and the optics, which are preferably a lens system. The radiation source can include a UV laser or a beamer. The beamer can, for example, be a beamer with DLP (Digital Light Processor) technology from Visitech AS. A micromirror reactor is preferred in DLP technology. The optical power of the UV radiation source is preferably in the range from 0.5 to 100 watts. Preferred wavelengths are in the range from 340 nm to 500 nm, in particular the UV radiation source has maxima in the range from 340 nm to 500 nm.

Preferred micromirror reactors can include microscanners and surface light modulators, a surface light modulator being preferred. A very particularly preferred radiation source, in particular a beamer, comprises a matrix-shaped arrangement of tiltable micromirrors, which act as a multiplicity of controllable micromirrors arranged in rows and columns. A preferred area light modulator is a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD).

In a further embodiment, it can be provided that the base of the pressure tub facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device with the at least two process chambers, in addition to the transparent material, which comprises glass, in particular quartz glass, also comprises highly transparent silicone and a polymer layer containing fluorocarbons, wherein the glass is designed as a glass pane, wherein the highly transparent silicone is designed as a layer on the glass pane on the side facing away from the radiation source and/or beam deflection device, the fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer as a porous membrane on the side facing away from the radiation source and/or beam deflection device the highly transparent silicone layer is arranged.

As a result, the bottom of the pressure tank is transparent to the radiation. In one embodiment, the entire base of the pressure vessel represents a radiation field. In a further embodiment, a radiation field is provided for each process chamber of the pressure vessel.

Quartz glass, also known as silica glass, is a type of glass that, in contrast to the usual glasses, does not contain any admixtures of soda or calcium oxide, i.e. it consists of pure silicon dioxide (S1O2). Silicones (also silicones), chemically more precisely poly(organo)siloxanes, is a name for a group of synthetic polymers in which silicon atoms are linked via oxygen atoms. Molecular chains and/or networks can occur. The remaining free valence electrons of the silicon are saturated with hydrocarbon residues (usually methyl groups). Silicones therefore belong to the group of organosilicon compounds. Due to their typical inorganic structure on the one hand and the organic residues on the other hand, silicones occupy an intermediate position between inorganic and organic compounds, in particular between silicates and organic polymers. In a way, they are hybrids and have a unique range of properties that no other plastic can match.

Highly transparent silicones are a special type of silicone elastomer that is primarily used in the optical sector. They belong to the LSR (liquid silicone rubber) materials, which are characterized above all by their low viscosity and the associated possibility of processing the silicone in injection molding. In addition to the types that can be injection molded, there are also types that are suitable for casting. They again have a lower viscosity.

Silicone offers the greatest advantage for optical applications in terms of its durability. It remains stable over a wide temperature range (-40 °C to +150 °C) in its mechanical behavior on the one hand, but also in its optical, i. H. Compared to other plastics, the silicone does not yellow over time. Yellowing must be avoided at all costs, especially in optical applications, as this leads to a severe impairment of function up to and including failure. Another advantage of silicone over other materials is its elasticity. This can be used in headlights, for example, to influence the light conduction through deformation and thus generate dynamic cornering light, among other things.

Furthermore, optical components made of silicone are significantly lighter than their glass counterparts due to their lower density. Silicone also offers manufacturing advantages. The processes are easier to handle, you can achieve short cycle times and manufacture with very tight tolerances. In addition, very complex geometries can be molded due to the flow behavior of the material.

The fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer comprises polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, sometimes also polytetrafluoroethylene), which is an unbranched, linear constructed, semi-crystalline polymer of fluorine and carbon. PTFE belongs to the class of polyhaloolefins, which also includes PCTFE (polychlorotrifluoroethylene). It is one of the thermoplastics, although it also has properties that require processing that is more typical of duroplastics.

In a further embodiment, the at least two process chambers can be separated from one another by at least one dividing wall, the at least one dividing wall being at least partially coated with a fluorine-containing coating and/or with silicone, with the walls of the pressure tank in particular being coated on the inside with a fluorine-containing coating and/or are coated with silicone, so that the inner walls of the at least two process chambers each have a fluorine-containing coating and/or silicone layer.

Because the walls of the process chambers are coated with silicone, the curable mixtures can advantageously be detached from the walls of the process chambers after the three-dimensional object has been completed.

The pressure tub arrangement can accordingly have a multiplicity of process chambers, in particular with a substantially square or rectangular cross-sectional floor area, with adjacent process chambers preferably being separated from one another by a common partition wall.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the at least one partition wall is arranged in the pressure tub so that it can be reversibly latched, in particular vertically.

As a result, the individual process chambers can advantageously be configured individually in terms of size. The number of process chambers is variable. An adaptation to the molded part to be printed can be made. Process chamber and sub-construction platform can be assigned to each other. In one embodiment, the bottom of the pressure tub has sealing means, in particular transparent silicone lips, rubber seals, sealing tape and/or flexible plastic, into which the partitions can be pushed vertically. The sealants are used to seal the partition walls on the bottom of the pressure tank.

In a further embodiment, the construction platform is segmented into stamps, the stamps being movable, in particular along their longitudinal axis, in particular in the direction of the radiation source and/or beam deflection device. In an alternative, the construction platform can be segmented into stamps, one stamp each being assigned to a process chamber. The stamps can be static or manually displaceable along the z-axis, in particular in the direction of pressure of the material structure. As an alternative, the stamps can also be controlled digitally and can be moved along the z-axis by means of electric motors. Likewise, the construction platform can be segmented and put together for the application. In this case, a segment of a construction platform can be selected individually for each process chamber and the selected segments can be assembled to form a construction platform. The subject matter of the invention is therefore also a construction platform which is composed of construction platform segments and can in particular be assembled individually for different printing processes.

As a result, several construction platforms can advantageously be realized at the same time, each of which is matched to the size and shape of the respective process chambers. Different compositions, ie different materials, can be cured at the same time on the various sub-construction platforms in the respectively assigned process chambers. On the underside of the different sub-construction platforms, the shaped part to be formed from the different curable compositions is simultaneously attached on the underside in each process chamber if the irradiation times of the process chambers are identical.

The stamp-like platform units in the device according to the invention for upside-down exposure advantageously result in an automatic ejection system by purposefully moving the individual stamps of the construction platform in or out in order to detach the printed object.

The number of stamps can be n=2 to n=100 or n=200, for example.

"Movable" means that the stamps can be moved down (towards the bottom of the pressure tub) or up (away from the pressure tub) or inclined from the construction platform level.

In a further embodiment it is provided that each of the movable stamps can be controlled individually by a processor or at least one group of stamps can be controlled individually by a processor. Each of the stamps can be controlled independently of the other stamps. In one embodiment, the stamps are arranged in a matrix and the stamps are controlled via a matrix control. The control of a stamp relates to the extent to which a stamp moves out of a defined zero position into a position calculated from the STL data and thus derivable from the CAD data of the 3D model.

The device according to the invention for the layer-by-layer generative production of three-dimensional molded parts also generally comprises a data memory for storing data, in particular CAD data, which represent a three-dimensional object. Such data memories and the implementation of suitable data sets for three-dimensional objects in these data memories are known to those skilled in the art.

In a further embodiment, each of the movable stamps has a motor, an actuator and/or a gear drive.

As a result, a conversion of an individual activation of a stamp into a mechanical movement of the stamp can be implemented in an advantageous manner. The individual stamp can thus either be moved up and down along an axis or, in a further embodiment, be positioned at an angle.

In a further embodiment it is provided that a first group of stamps can be assigned to a first process chamber, a second group of stamps to a second and an nth group of stamps to an nth process chamber.

A specific sub-construction platform (group of stamps) can thus be assigned to each process chamber. A different curable composition, ie different material, can be arranged in each process chamber. A device for the simultaneous additive manufacturing of components made of different materials is thus advantageously made available.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the first group of stamps with their end faces facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device forms a first underside of the construction platform, the second group of stamps with their end faces facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device forms a second underside of the construction platform and the nth group of stamps form an nth underside of the construction platform with their end faces facing the radiation source and/or beam deflection device. It is preferred if the first group of stamps with the first Underside can be moved reversibly into the first process chamber, in particular the first group of stamps can be moved vertically, preferably reversibly, towards the bottom of the first process chamber. Furthermore, it is preferred if the second group of stamps with the second underside can be moved reversibly into the second process chamber, in particular vertically, preferably reversibly, in the direction of the bottom of the second process chamber, and preferably also the nth group of stamps with n -th underside can be moved reversibly into the nth process chamber, in particular vertically in the direction of the bottom of the nth process chamber, the first, second to nth process chambers being arranged in the at least one pressure tub. It is further particularly preferred if each group of stamps can be controlled individually.

It is further preferred if a first curable composition can be cured on the first underside by means of head-over exposure to radiation and is suitable for connecting the molded part to be formed from the first curable composition, in particular from the polymerized composition, with a second curable composition on the second underside is curable by means of head-over exposure to radiation and is suitable for attachment of the molding to be formed from the second curable composition and wherein an n-th curable composition on the n-th underside by means of head-over- Exposure to radiation is curable and is suitable for a connection of the n-th curable composition to be formed molded part. The connection of the cured respective first, second or nth composition to form the respective first, second or nth molded part can take place simultaneously or sequentially.

As a result, components of the molded part to be formed can be additively manufactured from different compositions simultaneously or sequentially in the different process chambers.

According to a further alternative, the construction platform with a first group of stamps, a second group of stamps up to an nth group of stamps or a construction platform with one stamp each, in particular for one process chamber each, can be rotated or in the x,y plane, ie horizontally be controlled via the pressure tub in order to control a stamp, in particular per process chamber, or a group of first to n-th stamps, in particular per process chamber, along the x,y plane. In this way, more than one specific area of a partial construction platform (group of stamps) can be assigned to a process chamber. Alternatively, the pressure tub, and in particular different process chambers, can be assigned to specific areas of the sub-platform along the x,y plane. To this Shapes can be built up from different radiation-curable compositions.

The present invention is based on the finding that by using a pressure tub arrangement containing two or more process chambers with head-over exposure to radiation through a transparent pressure base plate, three-dimensional molded parts of any composition can be obtained generatively. Here, curable compositions are cured selectively in layers using generative mask exposure. The respective different molded parts can be manufactured from at least two different curable compositions. Depending on the selection of the curable compositions, these can generate different material properties and/or color impressions in the end product in the cured state. This makes it possible to reproduce the slightest color difference, which makes it possible, for example, to create very natural-looking dental products. Color adjustments can no longer be adjusted only through the color adjustment of a curable composition, but through the interaction of two or more curable compositions.

"Front side" means the smallest side surface of a cuboid stamp, which faces the radiation source.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the first group of stamps span a first three-dimensional surface profile with their first end faces in the direction of the radiation source and/or beam deflection device in the traversed state on the first underside of the construction platform, with the second group of stamps with their second end faces span a second three-dimensional surface profile on the second underside of the construction platform in the direction of the radiation source and/or beam deflection device in the moved state, and the nth group of stamps with their third end faces in the direction of the radiation source and/or beam deflection device in the moved state on the third Create a third three-dimensional surface profile on the underside of the construction platform.

In the different process chambers can thus simultaneously different

Partial profiles of the molded part to be manufactured are manufactured additively, with different materials being arranged as the starting substance in the different process chambers. For example, "overhangs" of a molded part made of different materials can be printed at the same time. The three-dimensional surface profile was calculated from the STL or CAD data of the 3D model of the molded part to be manufactured and realized by individually controlling and moving the stamps from a defined zero position.

In one embodiment, the radiation source is equipped with a projection unit, in particular based on DLP, LCD mask exposure and VPP with laser spot exposure.

The preferred radiation source is the LUXBEAM® RAPID SYSTEM (LRS) from Visitech AS. The LUXBEAM® RAPID SYSTEM (LRS) is a DLP®-based stereo lithography subsystem for the additive manufacturing of parts in high resolution. The LRS can be configured for, among other things, still image projection typically used in rapid prototyping/manufacturing. The LTR series consists of projectors with different resolutions in combination with a choice of lenses. The LRS supports the series production of many similar parts at high speed. The LRS takes advantage of a moving photo head to create a large build area and enables intelligent features such as Subpixelation (SPX) to improve resolution and Pixel Power Control (PPC) which gives every pixel in the resin the same amount of energy. The system features an advanced, digitally controlled UV LED radiation source which, in combination with robust and reliable DLP® technology, offers a system with a long service life and low maintenance costs. The LRS is configurable and available in a single or multiple head configuration to meet throughput and machine space requirements. The already proven and reliable LRS is a plug and play system / module. The system is configurable with various high power UV LED options as well as a selection of dedicated UV projection lenses.

In this case, it can be provided that the non-exposed pixels are defined by a mask stored for the control of the radiation source, in particular a programmable mask, in that certain luminous points of the radiation source always remain switched off. A mask according to the invention corresponds to a pattern of switched-off light points of the radiation source, the pattern appearing in the irradiation field as unexposed pixels, in particular as a static pattern of unexposed pixels.

The underlying mask achieves in the simplest way that the light intensity is reduced in certain areas of the exposure field. With this mask, a homogenization of the exposure field, in particular a homogenization of the Light intensity of the exposure field, particularly preferably a homogenization in the time integral of the light intensity of the exposure field can be achieved.

As an alternative to using a backed mask, it can also be provided that the unexposed pixels are defined by blackening the micromirrors or by using a surface light modulator with gaps in the population of micromirrors or by deflecting the light points by the micromirrors.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the device for homogenizing the light quantity distribution in the exposure field has a surface light modulator, which has a large number of controllable, tiltable micromirrors arranged in rows and columns, in which the beams of a surface-emitting radiation source are imaged via optics and a radiation field of the imaged radiation source is imaged on a projection surface, with a number of pixels increasing towards the center of the irradiation field not being exposed, so that the light intensity of all exposed pixels on the projection surface is homogenized in the time integral.

In this case, the projection surface is preferably formed by the transparent base of the pressure vessel or preferably by the part of the base of the process chambers used in each case.

This provides a particularly well suited method with which specific intensity deviations from certain radiation sources, such as beamer types or individual beamers, can also be compensated for in a simple manner.

In optics, a projection surface is understood as that surface (often a projection plane) onto which an original image is projected (thrown) by rays.

Area light modulators consist of an array of micromirrors on a semiconductor chip, with the number of mirrors currently varying from a few hundred to several million mirrors, depending on the application. In most cases, a highly integrated application-specific electronic circuit (ASIC) is used as the basis of the component architecture in order to enable individual analog deflection of each micromirror. The individual mirrors, which vary in number and size per chip depending on the application, can be individually tilted or lowered depending on the application, resulting in a flat pattern that can be used, for example, to project defined structures. In addition, a method for producing at least one three-dimensional molded part, in particular at least two three-dimensional molded parts, from at least one separate radiation-curable composition in a device is claimed, in particular for producing at least two three-dimensional molded parts from at least one separate radiation-curable composition per molded part that includes the steps:

A) Providing a device with a pressure tank with at least two process chambers open at the top, in particular two to n process chambers, the bottom of the pressure tank with the at least two process chambers at least partially comprising a transparent material, with at least a first process chamber of the at least two process chambers open at the top filled with a first radiation-curable composition,

- optionally filling the second, open-topped process chamber of the pressure tub with a second radiation-curable composition, optionally filling further process chambers, in particular filling the nth process chamber of the pressure tub, which is open at the top, with an nth radiation-curable composition; and

B) a) Relative, in particular vertical, movement of the first underside of the construction platform and a first floor of the first process chamber towards one another, so that the first underside or a first contact surface of the at least one formed part attached to this underside comes into contact with a occurs in the first curable composition present in the first process chamber or at least partially dips into it, with in particular a fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer or film being arranged on the first floor or being part of the first floor, in particular the fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer or film being replaceable, preferably the first Underside or the first contact surface of the at least one forming molded part spaced from the first floor only by a defined layer of the first curable composition, b) first curing of a first layer on the first underside of the construction platform or on the first contact surface to the first curable composition present at least one forming molded part by means of head-over exposure to radiation through the first bottom of the first process chamber, which comprises a transparent material, c) relative movement of the first underside and bottom of the first process chamber away from one another, in particular by a further one Wetting the contact surface of the at least one forming molded part with the first curable composition present in the first process chamber, preferably the further contact surface or the at least one molded part is only spaced from the first floor by a defined layer of the first curable composition, d) repeating steps a) to c) until completion of the three-dimensional shaped part, and

C) optionally wherein at least a second process chamber of the at least two process chambers open at the top, in particular the second to nth process chamber, is filled with a second radiation-curable composition, in particular like the second to nth process chamber with a separate radiation-curable composition composition filled, a) relative, in particular vertical, movement of the second underside of the construction platform and a second floor of the second process chamber, so that the second underside or a first contact surface of the at least one forming part attached to this underside comes into contact with a second process chamber present second curable composition occurs or at least partially dips into it, preferably the second underside or the first contact surface of the at least one molded part is spaced from the second floor only by a defined layer of the second curable composition, b) ers tes curing of a first layer on the second underside of the construction platform or on the first contact surface to form the at least one forming molded second curable composition by means of head-over exposure to rays through the second floor of the second process chamber, which comprises a transparent material, c) relative Moving the second underside and the second floor of the second process chamber away from one another, in particular in order to wet a further contact surface of the at least one molded part that is being formed with the second curable composition present in the second process chamber; the further contact surface or the at least one molded part is preferably only covered by a defined layer the second curable composition spaced from the second floor, d) repeating steps a) to c) in C) until completion of the at least one three-dimensional shaped part.

Defined layers of the radiation-curable compositions are, in particular, layers from 5 to 250 micrometers, preferably layers from 20 to 100 micrometers.

In the method according to the invention, at least two to n molded parts can be produced from at least two different radiation-curable compositions in two to n process chambers. Therefore, a method for producing at least two three-dimensional molded parts from at least one separate radiation-curable composition in a device with a pressure tank according to the invention is claimed, which comprises the aforementioned steps. Here, two molded parts are produced in one of the process chambers of the pressure tank, while the remaining process chambers are not exposed to jets. In such a method, the following step therefore takes place: by means of head-over exposure to radiation through the first base of the first process chamber, which comprises a transparent material, with at least two molded parts being produced in B). The subsequent step in C), in particular b), is not carried out in this variant: by means of head-over exposure to rays through the second floor of the second process chamber, which comprises a transparent material. In this variant of the method, the sequence of steps in C) is optional a) and optional b), optional c) optional d), wherein if the at least one second process chamber of the at least two process chambers open on the top, in particular the two to nth process chamber, with a second is filled with a radiation-curable composition, in particular how the second to n-th process chambers are each filled with a separate radiation-curable composition, this process chamber is not exposed to radiation through the floor. This can be done by not exposing the bottom or by covering the underside.

A method for producing at least two three-dimensional molded parts from at least one separate composition that can be cured by means of radiation in a device with a pressure tank according to the invention, which comprises the steps mentioned, is particularly preferred. Here at least two molded parts are produced in at least two different process chambers of the pressure tank. Alternatively, two to n molded parts can be produced in two to n process chambers. The two to n molded parts can also form groups of molded parts which are printed in groups in two to n process chambers.

Alternatively, in the method according to the invention at least two to n molded parts can be produced in only one of the two process chambers open at the top of the pressure tank according to the invention with at least two process chambers open at the top. It can be expedient to use the pressure tank according to the invention in this constellation as well and to cover the bottom of the second to nth process chambers that may not be used to be impermeable to radiation, so that radiation-curable compositions present in the second to nth process chambers can later be used in another Printing process can be used. Covering the radiation-curable composition without decanting the composition may have the advantage of using less composition through a constant decanting is consumed. Therefore, this approach is more economical and minimizes composition consumption. According to the invention, the device can be used in a CLIP method and the method can be a CLIP method.

Processes B) or C) for the production of nth molded parts can optionally be carried out in the nth process chamber of the pressure tank, which is open on the upper side, with an nth composition that can be cured by means of radiation.

According to an alternative, it can be preferred if in step c) the moving away from one another takes place in such a way that the first underside of the construction platform or a molded part present thereon is no longer in contact with the first curable composition in the first process chamber and/or at least in some areas. or the first floor of the first process chamber. The aforementioned step c) comprises steps c) in A) and/or B) each independently.

Likewise, two to n molded parts can also be built up from different radiation-curable compositions by using the pressure tank according to the invention with at least two process chambers. This is possible by either moving the construction platform in the x,y plane above the process chambers over other process chambers, or by moving the pressure tub under the construction platform in the x,y plane.

The method according to the invention can also include, c) moving the second underside and the second floor of the second process chamber relative away from one another, so that the first underside of the construction platform or a molded part forming on it is no longer in contact with the first curable composition in the first, at least in some areas Process chamber, in particular until the first underside of the construction platform or a molded part forming on it can be moved in the x,y plane over the process chambers or the process chambers, i.e. the pressure tub in the x,y plane underneath, can be moved freely. Assigning the first underside of the construction platform or a molded part forming on it to a second process chamber and carrying out C) a) and in particular b) c) and optionally d).

In this case, it is preferred if the bottom of the pressure tub has a fluorine-containing polymeric coating or a fluorine-containing polymeric film as the transparent material on the surface facing the at least two process chambers. Preferably, the fluorine-containing polymeric film is replaceable. A pressure tank can preferably be provided, the bottom of which is formed from transparent material. The bottom of the pressure tub preferably comprises at least one or more plates made of borosilicate glass, quartz glass, tempered glass, polymers which are optionally provided with silicone or a film on the surface facing the respective process chambers.

The method in B) can preferably include step a2) in step a): moving a first group of stamps from a first underside of a construction platform into a first position for forming a first three-dimensional surface profile by means of the first end faces of the first group of Stamping, initially with the first underside facing the bottom of the first process chamber. The same procedure can be used in C) with the second and nth group of stamps with the second and nth underside to form a respective surface profile in the second to nth process chamber.

The invention also relates to a method for producing at least one three-dimensional molded part from at least two different curable compositions, the method comprising the steps:

A) providing a device according to any one of the preceding claims; optionally i) providing a pressure tub with snap-in partitions, in particular reversibly snap-in partitions, preferably in the device; ii) dividing the pressure tub into a first, second and n-th process chamber by means of reversibly latchable positioning of the partition walls within the pressure tub;

- optional filling of the first, open-topped process chamber of the pressure tub with a first radiation-curable composition;

- optional filling of the second, open-topped process chamber of the pressure tub with a second radiation-curable composition;

- optional filling of the nth open-topped process chamber of the pressure tub with an nth radiation-curable composition; a.1) Moving a first group of stamps from a first underside of a construction platform into a first position to form a first three-dimensional surface profile by means of the first end faces of the first group of stamps facing the radiation source, the first underside initially being coated with a polymer containing fluorocarbons layer coated bottom facing the first process chamber; a.2) Relative, in particular vertical, movement of the first underside of the construction platform and the polymeric layer containing the fluorocarbon towards one another coated floor of the first process chamber, so that the first underside or a formed part fastened to this underside comes into contact with a first curable composition present in the first process chamber or at least partially dips into it, in particular a fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer or film is arranged on the first floor or is part of the first floor, in particular the fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer or film is replaceable, preferably the first underside or the molded part is spaced from the first floor only by a defined layer of the first curable composition; b) first curing of a first layer on the first underside or on the first contact surface to the first curable composition present on the molding being formed by means of head-over exposure to radiation through a first bottom of the first process chamber comprising a transparent material; c) relative movement of the first underside and floor of the first process chamber away from one another, so that the first underside of the construction platform or a molded part forming on it is no longer in contact with the first curable composition in the first process chamber and/or the first floor of the first, at least in some areas process chamber is standing. Steps a.1, a2, b and c can be repeated as step d until the molded part has been completely formed.

In one embodiment, the method includes the step: e) removing the molded part from the first underside of the construction platform by moving the stamps of the first group into a second position. The same procedure can be used for the second to the nth molded part.

In one embodiment, the sequence of steps a.1) to c) is repeated at least once, preferably n times, before step e) is continued. The sequences of steps a.1) to c) and e) can each be carried out independently of one another in A) and/or B). For all information given in connection with this method, “at least once, preferably n times” can preferably include at least twice to preferably n times”.

A further embodiment provides that this represents a method for stereolithographic production of at least one three-dimensional molded part and/or such a method for digital light processing of at least one three-dimensional molded part from at least two curable compositions.

As a result, methods for the simultaneous additive manufacturing of components made of different materials are made available in an advantageous manner. The invention also relates to the use of the moldings obtained according to the process as a dental molding for tooth restoration, as a denture, as an auxiliary part for a denture, as a prosthesis, in particular a bone prosthesis, or as a component thereof, or as a hearing aid housing.

The invention also relates to a pressure tank for the device according to the invention. In addition, the subject matter of the invention is a kit comprising a pressure tub according to the invention and the device. It can also make sense to assign a pressure tank or a process chamber with a tubular bag with a dosing tube to a respective process chamber as a dosing system.

The invention also relates to an orthodontic appliance for the production of a dental splint using the device according to the invention.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result from the drawings and from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings merely illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention, which do not restrict the essential idea of the invention.

character description

FIGS. 1a and 1b show a device 1 for the layer-by-layer additive manufacturing of at least one three-dimensional molded part 2 from at least two radiation-curable compositions 3a, 3b.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the pressure tub 6 from above, with the pressure tub 6 being divided into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of the same size (FIG. 2a) and into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of different sizes (FIG. 2b).

Figure 3 shows a plan view of the pressure tub 6 from above, with the pressure tub 6 being divided into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of equal size, with each process chamber having its own irradiation window (Figure 3a) or the process chambers sharing a large common irradiation window. FIG. 4 shows the construction platform from the side (above) and in plan view (below), four stamps being formed in FIG. 4a, with n stamps being formed in FIG. 4b.

Embodiments of the invention

FIG. 1a shows a device 1 for the layer-by-layer generative production of at least one three-dimensional molded part 2 from at least two compositions 3a, 3b that can be cured by means of radiation. The device comprises at least one basin module 5 with a pressure basin 6 and optionally a storage chamber 8 (FIG. 1b). The optional storage chamber 8 (FIG. 1b) of the basin module 5 contains a supply of curable compositions 3. In alternatives, the composition can escape in a free space between the partition wall and the construction platform during the printing process. The pressure tub 6 can be divided into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c by means of partitions 15 that can be snapped in, in particular vertically, as an option and can be snapped in reversibly—at least into two, preferably into 100, particularly preferably into 200 process chambers—in which the actual additive manufacturing takes place. The process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c are sealed from one another by a silicone coating of the walls and the bottom 11 of the process chambers, so that a different curable composition 3a, 3b, 3c can be filled into each process chamber. The bottom 11 of the pressure tank 6 has one or more layers and comprises - from bottom to top - a first glass layer 12, in particular a quartz glass layer or a PMMA plate, optionally a second transparent silicone layer 13 and optionally a third polymer layer 14 containing fluorocarbons and is therefore permeable to rays.

A radiation source 4 and/or radiation deflection device for curing the curable compositions in the process chambers can thus be placed below the pressure tub floor 11, so that the curable compositions 3 can be subjected to head-over exposure to radiation. The preferred radiation source is the LUXBEAM® RAPID SYSTEM (LRS) from Visitech AS, which is a DLP®-based stereo lithography subsystem for additive manufacturing.

The irradiation takes place through the bottom of the pressure vessel. In this case, either a large window can be provided across all process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c, or an individual irradiation window can be provided for each process chamber.

Groups of stamps 16a, 16b, 16c of a construction platform 9 can be assigned to the individual process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c. The punches 16a, 16b, 16c are from the plane of Construction platform 9 can be moved out by means of a motor, with each individual stamp being individually controlled by a microprocessor. The stamps 16a, 16b, 16c each form an underside 10a, 10b, 10c facing the radiation source 4 (see FIG. 4). The molded part 2 to be produced is attached to this during the curing process. Each group of stamps 16a, 16b, 16c forms with their end faces 17a, 17b, 17c, which are oriented towards the radiation source 4, a respective three-dimensional surface structure in the respective process chamber 7a, 7b, 7c. The three-dimensional surface structure can be derived from the STL or CAD data of the 3D model of the molded part to be produced.

The stamp-like platform units advantageously result in an automatic ejection system through targeted retraction or extension of the individual stamps 16 of the construction platform 9 to detach the printed object 2.

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the pressure tub 6 from above, with the pressure tub 6 being divided into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of the same size (FIG. 2a) and into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of different sizes (FIG. 2b). The pressure tub arrangement can accordingly have a multiplicity of process chambers, in particular with a substantially square or rectangular cross-sectional floor area, with adjacent process chambers preferably being separated from one another by a common partition wall. The partition walls of the process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d can be removed from the pressure tub 6 and reinserted vertically into the pressure tub 6 with the same or a different arrangement, preferably in transparent silicone lips (not shown). The resulting respective size of the formed process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d can be adapted to the size of the molded part to be produced additively. The partition walls preferably have a silicone coating so that the respective process chambers are effectively sealed. A different curable composition can be deposited in each process chamber. The actual printing process takes place in the process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d. If each of the process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d is assigned its own (partial) construction platform and if the different compositions in the different process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d are exposed to light at the same time, the individual curing processes in the different process chambers 7a, 7b , 7c and 7d run in parallel.

Figure 3 shows a plan view of the pressure tank 6 from above with the pressure tank 6 being divided into process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d of equal size, with each process chamber having its own exposure window (Figure 3a) or the process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d share a large common window. If the radiation source 4 is below the placed on the bottom of the pressure vessel, the prerequisite in both cases is that the pressure vessel floor is permeable to radiation. In one embodiment, the pressure hull floor comprises, from bottom to top, a sheet of glass, a transparent silicone layer, and a fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer. The transparent silicone layer and the fluorocarbon-containing polymeric layer make curable compositions easier to release after the additive manufacturing process is complete. At the same time, the silicone layer fulfills a sealing function for the individual process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d.

FIG. 4 shows the construction platform 9 from the side (above) and in plan view (below), four stamps being formed in FIG. 4a, with n stamps being formed in FIG. 4b. The construction platform 9 is segmented into stamps 16, 16a, 16b, 16c. The number of stamps can vary from n=2 to n=100 or n=200. Each individual stamp can be moved, i.e. it can be moved along its longitudinal axis from a defined zero position. Each individual stamp has a motor, actuator and/or gear drive and can be controlled, for example, by a microprocessor. A large number of stamps can form a matrix (see FIG. 4b), so that matrix control takes place. Depending on the design of the process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c, groups of stamps 16a, 16b, 16c can form (partial) construction platforms 9, to which the molded part being formed can attach. With the same exposure time, “printing processes” can thus run in parallel in the various process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c. In this case, different curable compositions can be deposited in the various process chambers 7a, 7b, 7c, so that a device for the simultaneous additive manufacturing of components made of different materials is provided.

Reference List

1 device

2. Molding

3, 3a, 3b, 3c curable compositions, especially first, second to nth curable

compositions

4 radiation source

5 cymbal module

6 pressure tub

7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d process chambers

8 pantry

9 build platform

10, 10a, 10b, 10c underside Base Transparent base, in particular plate or glass (pane) Silicone (layer) Polymeric layer containing fluorocarbon Separation wall 16a, 16b, 16c Stamp 17a, 17b, 17c Front side

Claims

patent claims

1. Device (1) for the layer-by-layer generative production of at least two three-dimensional molded parts (2) each from at least one separate composition (3a, 3b) that can be cured by means of radiation, comprising

- at least one radiation source (4) and/or radiation deflection device suitable for upside-down exposure of the curable compositions (3) to radiation, and

- at least one pressure tank (6) with at least two process chambers (7) open at the top, each suitable for receiving one of the curable compositions (3), wherein the at least two process chambers (7) can be arranged or are arranged above the radiation source (4) or a beam deflection device so that the curable compositions (3) can each be impinged with radiation from below in the different process chambers (7) via the radiation source (4) and/or the radiation deflection device, and

- a construction platform (9), in particular with an underside (10) that can be exposed to radiation from the radiation source, suitable for connecting the respective molded parts (2) to be formed from the curable compositions (3) in the at least two open process chambers on the upper side, characterized in that that the base (11) of the at least one pressure tank (6) with the at least two process chambers (7) facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device at least partially comprises a transparent material.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (1) has a device for homogenizing the distribution of the quantity of radiation from the radiation source (4) and/or the distribution of the quantity of radiation from the beam deflection device, which is used to produce a homogenized distribution of the quantity of radiation, and an arrangement of a radiation source emitting over a large area , a surface light modulator and optics, in particular a lens system forms the optics.

3. Device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device (1) is one for radiation curing, in particular for photopolymerization for the production of at least one three-dimensional molded part per process chamber and/or that the device is one for digital light Processing of at least one three-dimensional molded part per process chamber represents.

4. Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the base (11) of the pressure tank (6) with the at least two process chambers (7) facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device is formed by at least a transparent i) glass plate, wherein the at least one glass plate is optionally provided with a coating, a silicone layer and/or a film on the surface of the at least one glass plate facing the at least two process chambers or, optionally on the silicone layer a film is arranged, or ii) polymer plate, wherein the at least one polymer plate is optionally provided with a coating, a silicone layer and/or a film on the surface of the at least one polymer plate facing the at least two process chambers or, optionally on the silicone -Layer a film is arranged, or iii) film, in particular at least one polymeric film, preferably a fluorine containing polymeric film.

5. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least two process chambers (7) are separated from one another by at least one partition (15), the at least one partition (15) being at least partially covered with a fluorine containing coating and/or silicone (13), wherein in particular the walls of the pressure tub are coated on the inside with a fluorine-containing coating and/or silicone (13), so that the inner walls of the at least two process chambers each have a fluorine-containing coating and/or or have a silicone layer (13).

6. Device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least one partition (15) is arranged reversibly latched in the pressure tank (6), in particular vertically.

7. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the construction platform (9) is segmented into stamps (16), the stamps (16) being movable, in particular along their longitudinal axis, in particular in the direction of the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device.

8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that each of the movable stamps (16) can be controlled individually by a processor or at least one group of stamps (16) can be controlled individually by a processor.

9. Device (1) according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that each of the movable stamps (16) has a motor, actuator and/or a gear drive.

10. Device (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a first group of stamps (16a) of a first process chamber, a second group of stamps (16b) of a second and an nth group of stamps (16c ) can be assigned to an nth process chamber.

11. Device (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the first group of stamps (16a) with their end faces facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device has a first underside (10a) of the construction platform, the second group of stamps ( 16b) with their end faces facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device, a second underside (10b) of the construction platform and the nth group of stamps with their end faces facing the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device, an nth underside ( 10c) of the construction platform, in particular the first group of stamps with the first underside (10a) being reversibly movable into the first process chamber, in particular vertically in the direction of the bottom of the first process chamber (7a), the second group of stamps with the second underside (10b) can be moved reversibly into the second process chamber (7b), in particular vertically towards the bottom of the second process sskammer, wherein the n-th group of stamps with n-th bottom (10c) is reversibly in the n-th process chamber (7c) can be moved, in particular vertically towards the bottom of the n-th process chamber, the first, second to nth process chambers are arranged in the at least one pressure vessel.

12. Device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the first group of stamps (16a) with their first end faces (17a) in the direction of the radiation source and/or beam deflection device in the moved state on the first underside (10a) of the construction platform spanning a first three-dimensional surface profile, with the second group of stamps (16b) spanning a second three-dimensional surface profile with their second end faces (17b) in the direction of the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device in the moved state on the second underside (10b) of the construction platform, and the nth group of stamps (16c) with their third end faces (17c) in the direction of the radiation source (4) and/or beam deflection device in the moved state span a third three-dimensional surface profile on the third underside (10c) of the construction platform.

13. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the radiation source (4) is equipped with a projection unit, in particular based on DLP.

14. Device (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the device for homogenizing the distribution of the quantity of rays in the exposure field has a surface light modulator which has a large number of controllable, tiltable micromirrors arranged in rows and columns, in which the rays of a surface emitting radiation source (4) are imaged via optics and an exposure field of the imaged radiation source (4) is imaged on a projection surface, with a number of pixels increasing towards the center of the exposure field not being exposed, so that in the time integral a homogenization of the radiation intensity of all pixels exposed on the projection surface is achieved.

15. A method for producing at least one three-dimensional molded part (2), in particular at least two three-dimensional molded parts (2), from at least one separate radiation-curable composition in a device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps:

A) Providing a device (1) with a pressure vat (6) with at least two process chambers (7a, 7b, 7c) that are open on the top side, the bottom (11) of the pressure vat (6) with the at least two process chambers (7) being at least partially enclosed includes transparent material,

B) at least one first process chamber of the at least two process chambers open at the top being filled with a first radiation-curable composition (3a), a) relative, in particular vertical, movement of the first underside (10a) of the construction platform and a first floor of the first process chamber (7a), so that the first underside or a first contact surface of at least one molded part (2) that is being formed and attached to this underside comes into contact with a first curable composition (3a) present in the first process chamber (7a) or at least partially in preferably the first underside or the first contact surface of the at least one formed part is spaced from the first base only by a defined layer of the first curable composition, b) first curing of a first layer on the first underside (10a) of the construction platform or on the first contact surface of the at least one itself forming molding present first curable composition (3a) by means of head-over impact Radiating through the first base of the first process chamber (7a), which comprises a transparent material, c) moving the first underside (10a) and the base (11, 12, 13, 14) of the first process chamber (7a) relative to one another, in particular by a further to wet the contact surface of the at least one formed part with the first curable composition (3a) present in the first process chamber (7a), preferably the further contact surface or the at least one formed part is spaced from the first base only by a defined layer of the first curable composition, d) repeating steps a) to c) until completion of the at least one three-dimensional molded part and

C) optionally, at least one second process chamber of the at least two process chambers open at the top being filled with a second radiation-curable composition (3a), a) relative, in particular vertical, movement of the second underside (10b) of the construction platform and a second bottom of the second process chamber (7b), so that the second underside or a first contact surface of the at least one forming molded part (2) fastened to this underside comes into contact with a second curable composition (3b) present in the second process chamber (7a), or at least partially immersed in it, preferably the second underside or the first contact surface of the at least one molded part is spaced from the second floor only by a defined layer of the second curable composition, b) first curing of a first layer on the second underside (10b) of the construction platform or on the first contact surface to the at least e second curable composition (3b) present in the forming molded part by means of head-down exposure to radiation through the second floor of the second process chamber (7b), which comprises a transparent material, c) moving the second underside (10b) and second floor (11) relative to one another, 12, 13, 14) of the second process chamber (7b), in particular in order to wet a further contact surface of the at least one formed part with the second curable composition (3b) present in the second process chamber (7b), preferably the further contact surface or the at least one molded part is spaced from the second base only by a defined layer of the second curable composition, d) repeating steps a) to c) in C) until the at least one three-dimensional molded part is complete.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the bottom (11) of

Pressure tank (6) as a transparent material containing a fluorine-containing polymeric coating or has a fluorine-containing polymeric film on the surface facing the at least two process chambers, in particular the fluorine-containing polymeric film is replaceable.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that method B) in step a) comprises step a2): moving a first group of stamps (16a) from a first underside (10a) of a construction platform into a first position Formation of a first three-dimensional surface profile by means of the first end faces (17a) of the first group of stamps (16a) facing the radiation source (4), the first underside (10a) initially facing the bottom of the first process chamber (7a).

18. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the method comprises the step: e) removing the molded part (2) from the first underside (10a) of the construction platform by moving the stamps (16a) of the first group into a second position.

19. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the sequence of steps a) to d) is repeated at least once, preferably n times, before continuing with step e).

20. Pressure tank for a device according to claims 1 to 14, comprising at least two process chambers (7) open at the top, each suitable for receiving curable compositions (3), the bottom (11) of the pressure tank (6) having the at least two process chambers (7) at least partially comprises a transparent material, in particular the base has a fluorine-containing polymeric coating or a fluorine-containing polymeric film as the transparent material on the surface facing the at least two process chambers.