EP4288803A1 - Radar-system sowie entsprechendes verfahren - Google Patents
Radar-system sowie entsprechendes verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4288803A1 EP4288803A1 EP22705742.9A EP22705742A EP4288803A1 EP 4288803 A1 EP4288803 A1 EP 4288803A1 EP 22705742 A EP22705742 A EP 22705742A EP 4288803 A1 EP4288803 A1 EP 4288803A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radar
- radar module
- modules
- module
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/03—Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/52—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds
- G01S13/536—Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
- G01S13/878—Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2420/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
- B60W2420/40—Photo, light or radio wave sensitive means, e.g. infrared sensors
- B60W2420/408—Radar; Laser, e.g. lidar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
- G01S2013/93271—Sensor installation details in the front of the vehicles
Definitions
- the disclosure relates to a radar system, in particular for detecting the surroundings of an object, and a corresponding method.
- an OFDM-based radar network is proposed using repeaters to build a coherent network.
- a radar system is also known from DE 10 2017 110 063 A1.
- distributed incoherent radar units for detecting the surroundings in the automotive sector can also be operated coherently (through suitable signal processing).
- any virtual MIMO aperture can pass through a defined distribution of the individual radar units (which in principle can have any structure) can be generated. It is considered problematic that a comparatively high angular resolution is associated with a comparatively high space requirement.
- the object is achieved by a radar system for detecting an environment, in particular of a preferably moving object, in particular a vehicle and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane, the system preferably being mounted or mountable on the object, and /or for stationary use, the radar system comprising at least two (preferably mutually non-coherent) radar modules with at least one transmitting antenna and at least one receiving antenna, the radar modules (in particular on the object) being or can be arranged in a distributed manner, with at least one first (possibly several or all first) radar module(s) is configured differently from at least one second radar module, is preferably larger and/or has more receiving and/or more transmitting antennas than at least one second (possibly several or all second) radar module (e).
- a radar system for detecting an environment, in particular of a preferably moving object, in particular a vehicle and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane, the system preferably being mounted or mountable on the object, and /or for stationary use,
- One idea of the disclosure is to provide multiple radar modules (at least a first and at least a second) that are configured differently from one another, in particular with regard to their geometry and/or equipment.
- a few (e.g. two) comparatively large (first) radar module(s) are arranged and a number of comparatively small radar modules.
- advantages resulting from a comparatively large radar module in which a correspondingly large number of antennas can be arranged and/or multiple antennas can be arranged at a comparatively large distance from one another
- a virtual aperture can be occupied comparatively densely as a result. Accuracy is improved.
- a radar module is preferably to be understood as an assembly which can be defined, for example, by a housing and/or a base body (eg plate) on which the corresponding components of the respective module are mounted.
- a radar module basically has at least one transmitting antenna and one receiving antenna and/or at least one transmitting/receiving antenna.
- any radar module can have an oscillator and optionally an AD converter. It is also possible to apply a signal from only one oscillator to a number of (in particular a number of second) radar modules. For example, at least two or at least four second radar modules can work with just one oscillator.
- a radar module is to be understood in particular as a module which has its own (radar) signal generator, preferably comprising an oscillator and optionally a modulator.
- the at least one first and the at least one second radar module is not a repeater (as, for example, in the article by Werbunat et al. above). Werbunat et al's repeaters do not have their own signal generator (or oscillator) (they merely modulate an existing signal).
- the oscillator can be a VCO.
- Each first radar module preferably has its own oscillator (but this is not mandatory).
- a “own” oscillator is to be understood in particular as meaning that an oscillator is provided which is assigned only to the respective radar module.
- the amplifier according to the prior art will not be able to amplify noise-free either (which is particularly relevant for longer distances).
- the radar system preferably has at least one (electronic) evaluation unit.
- This can be at least partially a component of a (in particular a first) radar module and/or at least partially be formed by an evaluation unit that is external (possibly central) to the radar modules.
- the evaluation unit is preferably configured to record and evaluate transmission and reception signals from the respective radar modules.
- the evaluation unit is particularly preferably configured to process transmission and reception signals from at least one first radar module and at least one second radar module in such a way that the at least one radar module is virtually folded at a point on the at least one second (in particular comparatively small) radar module (or that using at least one/the small, second radar module, at least one module can be generated virtually that has the size of the first radar module).
- first (particularly larger) radar module and at least one second (particularly smaller) radar module which in particular is spatially separate from the first Radar module is - and does not have to be (but can be) coherent with the first radar module.
- This second (smaller) radar module is preferably used to virtually fold the first (larger) radar module in place of the further radar module.
- the first (comparatively large) radar module is thus brought virtually to a point where the second radar module is physically provided.
- the second radar modules can be at a distance (to the nearest neighbor in each case) that is at least 1 cm or at least 3 cm and/or at most 20 cm. If several first radar modules are provided, they can have a distance of at least 50 cm and/or at most 100 or at most 25 or at most 3 m.
- a “size” of a radar module should preferably be understood to mean its maximum extent (as the distance between that pair of points among all pairs of points on the radar module which is at the greatest distance from one another).
- the extent along an axis of symmetry can also be understood as a variable.
- a variable can be understood as meaning the width, height and/or length of a radar module, with the length preferably forming the maximum extension (or in the case of symmetrical shapes the maximum extension along that axis of symmetry where the maximum extension is present).
- the size can, for example, alternatively or additionally, also be understood as a volume (within a housing of the radar module and/or within an envelope defined by the respective radar module) and/or as a weight.
- the (respective) size of the (respective) at least one first (possibly several or all first) radar module(s) can be at least 1.5 times, possibly at least 2 times or at least 5 times the size of at least one (possibly several or all) second radar module(s).
- first radar modules can be of the same size. Alternatively or additionally, this also applies to the second radar modules. However, both first and second radar modules can also have different sizes (within the respective group of radar modules) (or be otherwise shaped in different ways). If this is the case and variables are to be compared, an arithmetic mean should preferably be used for the respective “variable” when a plurality of first radar modules are compared with a plurality of second radar modules.
- At least one or more or all second radar module(s) can have a size (in particular height and/or width and/or length) of at least 4 mm or at least 8 mm and/or at most 100 cm or at most 25 cm or at most 4 cm. At least one or more or all of the first radar module(s) can have a size of at least 3 cm or at least 5 cm and/or at most 40 cm.
- additional radar modules are preferably distributed to create at least one comparatively large total aperture.
- a corresponding virtual array (of the entire arrangement of radar modules) can, for example, be one-dimensional or two-dimensional.
- second modules can be used in the center of a (possibly moving) object (in particular a motor vehicle). These can consist, for example, of just one antenna element and be configured in such a way that they do not require an HF connection (ie in particular no connection to an HF signal with a frequency in the range of more than 1.0 GHz).
- HF connection ie in particular no connection to an HF signal with a frequency in the range of more than 1.0 GHz
- several or all of the second radar modules can be arranged on a common component, for example made of plastic.
- the component can be a strip and/or lamella and/or a grid, in particular in the area of an air supply.
- the component can be comparatively thin (e.g. with a thickness of less than 5 cm) and/or elongated (e.g. have a length of at least 20 cm or at least 40 cm). With such an arrangement, a comparatively high mechanical stability can be achieved and/or a connection to a bus system can be made possible. If necessary, several elongated structures (bars) can also be attached next to one another and/or one above the other (with the second radar modules arranged accordingly there).
- the radar modules are preferably arranged in such a way that corresponding (virtual) elements of (adjacent) virtual arrays overlap (that is to say in particular they are arranged in the same area or at the same location).
- Installation errors can be estimated and/or corrected initially and/or during operation. In this case, it can be assumed (in the far field) that a phase offset of the overlapping elements is at least essentially the same. If a deviation now occurs, for example due to an installation error and/or expansion while driving, this deviation can be estimated and/or corrected.
- at least or exactly one transmission and, for example, at least four or exactly four or at least eight or exactly eight reception channels can be provided be.
- further (comparatively small or second) radar modules for example with precisely one transmission and reception channel, can be used.
- the division of transmission and reception channels and the arrangement of the comparatively small radar modules and the comparatively large radar modules on an object can be selected freely or according to the requirements of the respective application.
- At least one or more or all of the second radar module(s) may (preferably in contrast to at least one or more or all of the first radar module(s)) have only one transmitting antenna and/or only one receiving antenna and/or only one transmitting/receiving antenna.
- the second radar modules can be designed to be comparatively small.
- At least one evaluation device for evaluating transmitted and/or received signals can be provided, which is preferably configured to process transmitted and received signals of the radar modules into modified measurement signals such that the modified measurement signals are coherent with one another. Corresponding processing can take place, for example, according to one or more of the methods described in DE 10 2017 110 063 A1 (in particular method I and/or method II) and/or (in particular with overlapping virtual elements) of two virtual radar arrays formed by the system be reached.
- At least two of the radar modules can be connected to one another via a communication channel, in particular a bus system. This can (particularly when several second radar modules are connected) preferably take place via a bar and/or lamella and/or a grid.
- At least one (possibly several or all) second radar modules can be arranged on a particularly thin strip and/or lamella.
- at least one radar module in particular at least a second and/or at least or precisely a first (but not a first in alternatives) radar module can be installed in the area of an air supply (e.g. in a front area of a motor vehicle) and/or in the area of a grille, in particular for an air inlet and/or below a license plate mounting area or below a license plate and/or in a region of a moving object.
- a lower area of the moving object is preferably understood to be a section of the moving object that extends over a maximum of 50% of the (maximum) height of the object, possibly over 30% of this height.
- At least one first radar module can have at least or precisely one transmitting antenna and/or have at least two or at least four or at least eight and/or at most 100 receiving antennas.
- At least a first (alternatively no first) radar module and/or at least a second radar module can be arranged in the center of the moving object, preferably exclusively in the center of the moving object. In the case of several corresponding radar modules, this applies preferably to at least one, preferably to a subgroup, if necessary to all of the radar modules.
- the middle of the moving object should preferably be understood as an area that extends over the entire width of the moving object, excluding the areas that extend from the respective edges up to 10%, possibly up to 25% of the width in Extend towards the respective other edge.
- At least one second radar module can be arranged between at least two or exactly two first radar modules (this may apply to several or all of the second radar modules).
- At least one, possibly several or all of the second radar module(s) can be at a smaller distance from at least two first radar modules than the two first radar modules are from one another.
- At least one or more or all of the first radar modules can optionally be arranged at the edges (in relation to the width of the moving object), with an edge area preferably being an area that does not belong to the center of the moving object (motor vehicle).
- At least or exactly one or at least or exactly four or at least or exactly eight or at least or exactly 16 or at least 100 and/or at most 10000, possibly at most 500, second radar modules can be provided.
- the second radar modules can, for example, alternatively or additionally, also be arranged in and/or along an A-pillar.
- a first signal is generated in one of the radar modules and sent, in particular emitted, via a path
- another first signal is generated in another of the radar modules and sent, in particular emitted via the path, in a/the evaluation device, in particular in the one radar module
- a first comparison signal is formed from the first signal of the one radar module and from such a first signal received via the path from the other radar module and in one/the evaluation device, in particular in the other radar module, a further comparison signal from the first Signal from the further radar module and from such a first signal received from the first radar module via the path, the further comparison signal preferably being transmitted, in particular communicated, from the further radar module to the one radar module.
- the system in particular an/the evaluation device, be configured to form a comparison comparison signal from the first comparison signal and the further comparison signal.
- the system in particular the evaluation device, be configured to compensate for deviations in the comparison signals caused by systematic deviations in the radar modules in a first step and to calculate at least one complex value from a first of the both comparison signals or from a signal which was derived from this first comparison signal to adapt at least one complex value of the second of the two comparison signals or a value of a signal which was derived from this second comparison signal and thus to form an adapted signal , wherein the adaptation takes place in such a way that the vectorial sum or the difference of the complex values is formed by a mathematical operation or the sum or the difference of the phases of the complex values is formed.
- the comparison signal in which the two comparison signals are processed with one another—in particular multiplied complex conjugate—corresponds to a comparison signal generated with a coherent radar system.
- the system in particular a/the evaluation device
- the system can be configured to enable coherent processing, preferably via phase correction, more preferably using overlapping elements of at least two virtual radar arrays.
- At least two virtual radar arrays can be formed.
- Each virtual radar array can have at least one (particularly outer) element that overlaps with at least one (particularly outer) element of the respective other virtual radar array.
- the system in particular the evaluation device, can be configured to carry out an online calibration.
- the system in particular the evaluation device, can be configured for a SAR application and/or an imaging method.
- the system is preferably configured as FMCW radar.
- the system can also be configured as an OFDM radar.
- the evaluation device or evaluation unit is preferably configured, signals sent by the at least one first radar module and received by the at least one second radar module and/or signals sent by the at least one second radar module and received by the at least one first radar module, evaluate or present (or output) and, if necessary, to combine.
- the evaluation unit can be configured, for example, to evaluate all of the two first radar modules and the group of second radar modules (from to evaluate the signals received from the other radar module or radar group (possibly also your own reflected signal).
- a movable object in particular a vehicle, preferably a motor vehicle, more preferably an automobile, and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane or a part of a crane, comprising a system of the above type.
- the above-mentioned object is also achieved by a method for detecting the surroundings of a (preferably moving or movable) object, in particular a vehicle and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane or a part of a crane, in particular using the above system and /or the above (movable) object, wherein (in particular on and/or in the possibly moving object) at least two (preferably mutually incoherent radar modules) are or will be distributed, with at least one first radar module being separated from at least one second radar module is configured differently, is preferably larger and / or has more receiving and / or more transmitting antennas than at least a second radar module.
- a transport device such as in particular a crane or a part of a crane
- Transmission and reception signals of the radar modules can preferably be processed into modified measurement signals in such a way that the modified measurement signals are coherent with one another.
- the method is preferably further developed in that a first signal is generated in a radar module and sent, in particular emitted, via a path, another first signal is generated in a further radar module and sent, in particular emitted, via the path, a first comparison signal from the first signal from the one radar module and from such a first signal received from the further radar module via the path, and a further comparison signal from the first signal from the further radar module and from such a first signal received from the one radar module via the path is formed, wherein the further comparison signal is preferably transmitted, in particular communicated, from the further radar module to the one radar module (and/or a possibly central evaluation unit, such as a possibly central processor of a vehicle) and/or preferably a comparison comparison signal is output is formed from the first comparison signal and the further comparison signal and/or wherein deviations in the comparison signals caused by systematic deviations in the transceiver units are compensated for in a first step and at least one complex value from a first of the two comparison signals or from a signal which was derived from this
- the above object is further achieved by using the above system and/or the above movable object and/or the above method for detecting an area surrounding a moving object, in particular a vehicle and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane or a part of a crane, in particular for estimating, preferably for determining a distance and/or an angular position and/or a (vectorial) (relative) speed and/or a (vectorial) (relative) acceleration and/or for image generation of a surrounding structure.
- a moving object in particular a vehicle and/or a transport device, such as in particular a crane or a part of a crane, in particular for estimating, preferably for determining a distance and/or an angular position and/or a (vectorial) (relative) speed and/or a (vectorial) (relative) acceleration and/or for image generation of a surrounding structure.
- FIG. 1 shows a motor vehicle according to the disclosure in a schematic view from the front
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a radar array configuration
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a virtual radar array according to the array configuration from FIG. 2
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a virtual radar array according to the array configuration from FIG. 2;
- Figure 6 shows an alternative array configuration
- FIG. 7 shows a virtual array of the array configuration according to FIG. 6;
- FIG. 11 shows a representation of a virtual radar array with redundant elements
- Figure 12 shows an alternative array configuration including the corresponding virtual array and plots of radar readings (elevation and azimuth);
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement of second radar modules
- FIG. 15 shows a motor vehicle with a radar system according to the disclosure in a schematic representation.
- the motor vehicle 9 has (in a front area) a first or more first radar module(s) 12 and a multiplicity of second radar modules 13 .
- first radar modules 12 are shown (one of which is dashed). However, only the two outer radar modules 12 (below the radar modules shown) are preferably provided. Alternatively, only the first radar module 12 in the middle (shown in dashed lines) can also be provided. In further specific embodiments, all three radar modules 12 (shown) can also be provided.
- the vehicle also has a large number of second radar modules 13, which are preferably (optionally) arranged here between the outer first radar modules 12 (or in an area that lies between the first radar modules 12).
- the second radar modules can at least partially (which is indicated in the figure for at least one row of second radar modules) lie on a line that connects the (outer) first radar modules 12 .
- this does not have to be the case.
- the second radar modules 13 according to FIG. 1 are arranged in two rows.
- these rows can be formed by a strip (e.g. made of plastic).
- the second radar modules 13 are preferably located in an air supply area 14 of the motor vehicle 9.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of two first (or large) radar modules 12a, 12b (radar 1 and radar 2) (each) designed as an azimuth array, which are arranged or designed mirror-symmetrically to one another.
- the first radar modules can optionally each have a transmitting antenna Txl or Tx2 and 16 receiving antennas Rxl or Rx2, which for example are at a distance of 0.58 from each other (in the first representation overall, in the following representations excerpts) have.
- 16 second (small) radar modules can have a center (between radar 1 and radar 2) with a distance of, for example, 15*0.58 ⁇ .
- Each of the second radar modules (16 here by way of example) can have (exactly) one transmitting antenna and (exactly) one receiving antenna, which are referred to as Tx3 and Rx3, respectively.
- the second radar modules as a whole can also be referred to as a radar module group or “radar 3” for short. Such an arrangement results in virtual arrays with partially overlapping (virtual) elements.
- FIG. 3 A virtual (total) array is shown in FIG. 3 (above: complete; in the following figures: partially). Also shown in Fig. 3, which positions (virtually) are fixed, for example is intended to mean that this is a process that only affects radar module 1 (it is therefore about the signal sent by radar module 1 and received accordingly).
- the "1" stands for "radar module 1” or one of the (two) first radar modules.
- the "2” stands for radar module 2 (radar 2), so that, for example, l->2 means that this is about the signal sent by radar 1 and received by radar 2.
- the number “3” in turn describes the group from second radar modules (TRX elements), for example according to FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 The signals (simulated here) that result in the corresponding radar modules or the group of second radar modules are shown in FIG.
- one of the first radar modules eg radar 1 according to the diagram at the top left in FIG. 4 has a comparatively low resolution or a comparatively wide main lobe.
- the diagram at the top right in FIG. 4 again shows comparatively pronounced side lobes.
- This diagram describes the situation as it is for the group of second radar modules (TRX elements).
- FIG. 5 shows how the individual radar modules can interact with one another and which (possibly combined) signals can result.
- the (combined) signal is shown at the top left in FIG. 5 as it results when both radar 1 and radar 2 are transmitting and (respectively) receiving.
- This is referred to as "station 1+2".
- "station 1+3" in FIG. 5 at the top right means that radar 1 and radar module group "3" are transmitting and (each) receiving here 1 the imaging can be based on an antenna array of radar 1; in case 2 -> 2 on the antenna array of Radar 2. In case 1+2 all antennas of radar 1 and 2 contribute to the imaging.
- FIG. 5 top left in this example
- an angle estimation algorithm eg Delay and Sum Beamformer
- station 2+3 in FIG. 5, center left, means that radar 2 and radar module group “3" are transmitting and (respectively) receiving.
- tation 1+2+3 means that radar modules 1 and 2 and radar module group 3 both transmit and receive (where the combined received signal is shown).
- Fig. 5 bottom left, a case is again shown (identified with "1+2 RX") in which radar 1 and 2 and the radar module group (radar 3) transmit, but only radar modules 1 and 2 receive.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows two first (large) radar modules, each of which is designed as a 2D array (for an azimuth and elevation resolution).
- the first radar modules correspond to one another or are mirrored against one another.
- the first radar modules may generally comprise a plurality of RX elements (arranged in both azimuth and elevation) with, for example, 0.58 spacing.
- 16 (one or more) TRX elements (which altogether form a radar module group 3) can be formed centrally, for example, with a spacing of 9*0.58 ⁇ (so that individual virtual elements overlap).
- the receiving antennas are designated as Rxl, Txl, Rx2, Tx2, Rx3, Tx3 (where the "1” stands for the radar 1 on the left in Fig. 6, the “2” for the radar 2 on the right in Fig. 6 , and the “3" for the middle group of radar modules, also called TRX elements).
- FIG. 1 A corresponding virtual array is shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 1 The possibility of achieving an improved resolution can be seen in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 1 Various possible combinations are shown in FIG. 1 .
- TRX elements can also be arranged at different heights, e.g. B. on an A-pillar.
- a grid of possibly redundant elements in the first radar modules (left and right in FIG. 7), cf. FIG. 8, top right and center right, is advantageous.
- the resolution can be about 0.8 degrees in azimuth and 12 degrees in elevation (see Figure 8, top right and center right).
- An assignment of transmitting or receiving antennas can be exchanged if necessary (whereby a comparatively high number of receiving antennas or receiving channels is considered to be advantageous).
- one of the two radar modules 1, 2 can also be dispensed with.
- redundant elements can be implemented in both dimensions (azimuth or elevation).
- the respective radar system can be expanded in a modular manner (for example in the form of particularly thin strips). If necessary, a comparatively large radar module in the middle or in the area of an air supply can be dispensed with, which allows air to flow in unhindered. Any overlapping elements in the respective virtual arrays can be used to correct an installation position.
- Multiplexing can be carried out comparatively easily via a comparatively small frequency and/or time offset.
- FIG. 10 Further configuration options or properties of embodiments of the disclosure are described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
- FIG. 10 Further configuration options or properties of embodiments of the disclosure are described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
- a possible configuration is aimed at creating at least one comparatively large virtual ULA (uniform linear array) or URA (uniform rectangular array) and preferably comparatively few elements (radar modules) having to be installed in a central area of the vehicle.
- Sparse (sparsely populated) arrays in connection with a suitable reconstruction method would also be conceivable.
- An "L arrangement” may be converted to a "
- a phase correction can be performed with the common element(s) if necessary. Redundant elements in the respective virtual array can enable an additional correction of a fluctuation or change in the installation position of middle radar modules (elements), whereby a phase correction is preferably also made possible as a result, with a structure possibly being able to take place without a TRX element, with an additional correction can be performed in the near field).
- the second radar modules are preferably arranged on a strip (e.g. with a common bus for a tract, trigger and ADC data). Larger amounts of data then arise in particular at the first radar modules, with processing being able to take place there or in a further evaluation unit (possibly centrally).
- FIG. 10 shows redundant elements (in each azimuth array). Additional elements can be provided by a common channel (with phase correction) and overlapping sub-arrays (with installation position correction) (alternatively also without a common element).
- Figure 11 shows elements (both in azimuth and elevation). Grids of redundant (virtual) elements can be created, which can be used for correction in both dimensions (such as the cruise phase, for example).
- a first radar module can be installed under the license plate.
- corresponding first radar modules can be used both under the license plate and on the outside to the left and right.
- three strips in the area of an air supply can be used to arrange second radar modules.
- a first radar module can be arranged in the middle or (possibly additionally) two first radar modules on the outside left and right (with either a single or double resolution in the azimuth).
- one bar with second radar modules or two or more bars with second radar modules can be arranged one above the other (with either single or double resolution in elevation).
- the second radar module 13 schematically shows a group of second radar modules (three radar modules here as an example or schematically) 13a to 13c. These each have a transmitting and a receiving antenna or a transmitting receiving antenna up.
- the second radar modules 13a to 13c are arranged on a bar or rail L.
- the second radar module 13c is shown enlarged again (the second radar modules 13a and 13b can be constructed analogously or identically).
- the (respective) second radar module 13a to 13c specifically includes a mixer M, an analog/digital converter ADC and an output A via which data can be output.
- a common local oscillator LO is assigned to the second radar modules 13a to 13c.
- each of the second radar modules can also have its own local oscillator.
- first radar module 12 schematically shows a possible configuration of a first radar module 12.
- This preferably has an antenna array AA, which has, for example, a large number of (for example 16) receiving antennas and one (possibly only one) transmitting antenna/s.
- the first radar module includes a radar chip with a signal generator RC, which in turn can be controlled by a processor or FPGA. Data can be sent from the radar chip RC to the FPGA.
- the first radar module according to FIG. 14 can emit data via output A.
- the radar module according to FIG. 14 has an oscillator OSC.
- Radar measurement system 10 comprises at least one first radar module 12 with at least one first radar antenna 121 (to transmit and/or receive corresponding radar signals), and at least one second radar module 13 with at least one second radar antenna 131 (to transmit corresponding radar signals to send and/or receive) and an evaluation unit 15.
- the system 100 can have a passenger input device and/or output device 120 (passenger interface), a vehicle coordinator 130 and/or an external input and/or output device 140 (remote expert interface), for example for a control center).
- the external input and/or output device 140 can allow a person and/or device external (to the vehicle) to make and/or modify settings on or in the autonomous vehicle 110 .
- This external person/entity may be different from the vehicle coordinator 130 .
- the vehicle coordinator 130 may be a server.
- the system 100 enables the autonomous vehicle 110 to have a driving behavior that is dependent on parameters set by a vehicle passenger (for example by means of the passenger input device and/or output device 120) and/or other persons and/or devices involved (for example via the vehicle coordinator 130 and/or or to modify and/or adjust the external input and/or output device 140).
- the driving behavior of an autonomous vehicle can be determined by (explicit) input or feedback (e.g. by a passenger specifying a maximum speed or a relative comfort level), by implicit input or feedback (e.g. a pulse of a passenger), and/or by others suitable data and/or methods of communication for driving behavior or preferences are specified or modified.
- the autonomous vehicle 110 is preferably a fully autonomous motor vehicle (e.g. car and/or truck), but can alternatively or additionally be a semi-autonomous or (other) fully autonomous vehicle, for example a watercraft (boat and/or ship) , a (particularly unmanned) aircraft (airplane and/or helicopter), a driverless motor vehicle (e.g. car and/or truck) et cetera.
- the autonomous vehicle may be configured to transition between a semi-automated state and a fully automated state, where the autonomous vehicle may have characteristics associated with both a semi-automated vehicle and a fully automated vehicle may (depending on the condition of the vehicle).
- the autonomous vehicle 110 preferably includes an on-board computer 145.
- Evaluation unit 15 can be arranged at least partially in and/or on vehicle 110, in particular (at least partially) integrated into on-board computer 145 and/or (at least partially) integrated into a calculation unit in addition to on-board computer 145 .
- the evaluation unit 15 can (at least partially) be integrated in the first and/or second radar module 12, 13. If evaluation unit 15 is (at least partially) provided in addition to on-board computer 145, evaluation unit 15 can be in communication with on-board computer 145, so that data can be transmitted from evaluation unit 15 to on-board computer 145 and/or vice versa.
- evaluation unit 15 can be integrated (at least partially) into passenger input device and/or output device 120, into vehicle coordinator 130, and/or external input and/or output device 140.
- the radar measurement system can have a passenger input device and/or output device 120, a vehicle coordinator 130 and/or an external input and/or output device 140.
- the autonomous vehicle 110 can include at least one further sensor device 150 (for example at least one computer vision system, at least one LIDAR, at least one speed sensor, at least one GPS, at least one camera, etc.)
- at least one further sensor device 150 for example at least one computer vision system, at least one LIDAR, at least one speed sensor, at least one GPS, at least one camera, etc.
- Onboard computer 145 may be configured to control autonomous vehicle 110 .
- Onboard computer 145 can further process data from the at least one sensor device 150 and/or at least one other sensor, in particular a sensor that is provided or formed by at least one radar module 12, 13, and/or data from evaluation unit 15 in order to determine the status of the autonomous vehicle 110 .
- the onboard computer 145 can preferably modify or control the driving behavior of the autonomous vehicle 110 .
- the evaluation unit 13 and/or the on-board computer 145 is (are) preferably a (general) calculation unit that is adapted for I/O communication with a vehicle control system and at least one sensor system, but can can additionally or alternatively be formed by any suitable calculation unit (computer).
- the on-board computer 145 and/or the evaluation unit 15 can be connected to the Internet via a wireless connection. Alternatively or additionally, the on-board computer 145 and/or the evaluation unit 15 can be connected to any number of wireless or wired communication systems.
- any number of electrical circuits, in particular as part of the evaluation unit 15 and/or the on-board computer 145, the passenger input device and/or output device 120, the vehicle coordinator 130 and/or the external input and/or output device 140 be implemented on a circuit board of a corresponding electronic device.
- the circuit board can be a general circuit board ("circuit board"), which can have various components of an (internal) electronic system, an electronic device and connections for other (peripheral) devices. Specifically, the circuit board can have electrical connections via which other components of the system may electrically (electronically) communicate.
- processors e.g., digital signal processors, microprocessors, supporting chipsets, computer-readable (non-volatile) memory elements, etc.
- board depending on particular processing requirements, computer designs, etc .
- Other components such as external memory, additional sensors, controllers for audio-video playback and peripherals can be connected to the board, such as plug-in cards, via cables, or integrated into the board itself.
- functionality described herein may be implemented in emulsified form (as software or firmware) with one or more configurable (e.g., programmable) elements arranged in a structure that enables that functionality.
- the software or firmware that provides the emulation may be provided on a (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium, including instructions that allow one or more processors to perform the appropriate function (method).
- Various embodiments may include any suitable combination of the embodiments described above, including alternative embodiments of embodiments described above in conjunctive form (e.g., the corresponding "and” may be an "and/or”).
- some embodiments may include one or more objects (e.g., particularly non-transitory computer-readable media) having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, result in an action (method) according to any of the embodiments described above.
- objects e.g., particularly non-transitory computer-readable media
- embodiments may include devices or systems having any suitable means for performing the various operations of the embodiments described above.
- the embodiments discussed herein may be applicable to automotive systems, particularly autonomous vehicles (preferably autonomous automobiles), (safety-critical) industrial applications, and/or industrial process controls.
- parts of the radar system described or the radar measurement system described can have electronic circuits in order to carry out the functions and methods described here.
- a or multiple parts of each system are provided by a processor that is specifically configured to perform the functions and method steps described herein.
- the processor may include one or more application specific components, or it may include programmable logic gates configured to perform the functions described herein.
- the disclosed objects can be used in airspace surveillance and/or and/or in near-field imaging (e.g. indoor monitoring, vital sign detection) and/or in railroad radar and/or in a truck (it should be noted that a truck front is particularly well suited in connection with the present disclosure) and/or integrated into an A, B or C pillar.
- a reduced number of physical channels or antennas can be achieved (hardware costs become software costs).
- a comparatively simple integration of a (virtual) array of the same size can be made possible (example: integration of an automobile radar in the cooler).
- the array does not have to be planar. Self-calibration through redundancy is possible. The bars explained above can be pre-calibrated (ex works).
- a flexible construction using the modular principle is possible (example: basic package: 2 radars on the sides of a car; premium package: strips in the middle for additional resolution + functionality).
- An array size achievable with the present disclosure is not (coherently) achievable in any other way (e.g., one can utilize the maximum aperture area offered by the vehicle).
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- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021102897 | 2021-02-08 | ||
| DE102021118076.7A DE102021118076A1 (de) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-13 | Radar-System sowie entsprechendes Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2022/052199 WO2022167365A1 (de) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-01-31 | Radar-system sowie entsprechendes verfahren |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP4288803A1 true EP4288803A1 (de) | 2023-12-13 |
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| EP22705742.9A Pending EP4288803A1 (de) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-01-31 | Radar-system sowie entsprechendes verfahren |
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| US (1) | US20240125894A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4288803A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7853991B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20230144035A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022167365A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4281632B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-23 | 2009-06-17 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 物標検出装置 |
| JP6560165B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-08-14 | 株式会社Soken | レーダ装置 |
| DE102017110063A1 (de) * | 2017-03-02 | 2018-09-06 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umfelderfassung |
| KR102401176B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-14 | 2022-05-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 레이더 영상 처리 방법, 장치 및 시스템 |
| US10775493B2 (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-09-15 | Infineon Technologies Ag | System and method for controlling access to a trunk of a vehicle using a radar sensor |
| US10908273B2 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-02-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Object velocity vector estimation by multiple radars with different observation angles |
| EP3690483B1 (de) * | 2019-02-04 | 2023-05-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur synthese von antennenanordnungslayouts oder zur auswahl der wellenform in einem satz von zueinander inkohärenten aperturen für radar- und hochfrequenzanwendungen |
-
2022
- 2022-01-31 JP JP2023547670A patent/JP7853991B2/ja active Active
- 2022-01-31 EP EP22705742.9A patent/EP4288803A1/de active Pending
- 2022-01-31 KR KR1020237029247A patent/KR20230144035A/ko active Pending
- 2022-01-31 WO PCT/EP2022/052199 patent/WO2022167365A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-01-31 US US18/276,401 patent/US20240125894A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240125894A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
| KR20230144035A (ko) | 2023-10-13 |
| WO2022167365A1 (de) | 2022-08-11 |
| JP7853991B2 (ja) | 2026-04-30 |
| JP2024507737A (ja) | 2024-02-21 |
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