EP4285514A1 - Dispositif et procédé de traitement d' une communication en champ proche - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé de traitement d' une communication en champ procheInfo
- Publication number
- EP4285514A1 EP4285514A1 EP21852036.9A EP21852036A EP4285514A1 EP 4285514 A1 EP4285514 A1 EP 4285514A1 EP 21852036 A EP21852036 A EP 21852036A EP 4285514 A1 EP4285514 A1 EP 4285514A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- nfc
- ibc
- command
- switching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
- H04B13/005—Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the human body
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to telecommunications, and more specifically to contactless communications using short-range radio technologies, in particular of the IBC (Intra Body Communication) type. It applies more particularly to terminals equipped with physical and software resources including a microprocessor and a near field communication module (Near Field - NF) receiving an electromagnetic field passing through the body of a user.
- IBC Intelligent Body Communication
- NFC Near Field Communication
- ISO International Standard Organization
- Communications of this type offer many applications in the fields of payment or transport, for example.
- the invention improves the state of the art.
- a near-field communication processing device comprising:
- At least one near-field communication antenna intended to receive an electromagnetic signal in the near field and comprising at least one end;
- the device being characterized in that the switching member is capable of disconnecting said end of the antenna when it receives a first switching command, said IBC command, coming from the controller.
- the device is a near-field circuit of the conventional NFC type, such as those found for example in NFC cards or NFC-compatible mobile telephones on the market, additionally equipped with a switching device to switch the antenna into a state where one of its ends is disconnected.
- the NFC antenna one end of which is disconnected, behaves like a wire antenna, and no longer like a loop antenna.
- the study of IBC technology has made it possible to demonstrate that the human body reacts better to the electric component than to the magnetic component of the electromagnetic field carrying the IBC signal.
- the NFC antennas of mobile terminals are conventionally called “loop” antennas. Such antennas pick up magnetic fields correctly but pick up electric fields less well, unlike a wired antenna.
- the invention therefore makes it possible very simply to position the NFC circuit in IBC mode by disconnecting one of the ends of the antenna, the circuit thus being transformed into a circuit, or device, IBC.
- antenna is meant here a conventional NFC antenna, provided for NFC communications. It is made up of a set of turns of a number and arrangement suitable for receiving the electromagnetic wave in the near field.
- the antenna is also conventionally associated with a controller, or NFC component (CLF for ContactLess Frontend) constituting a near-field communication module like an electromagnetic transponder and comprising software components (firmware, etc.) necessary to the implementation of NFC communications.
- the antenna transmits the received NF signals to the NFC component.
- Such an antenna conventionally comprises two terminals, or ends.
- At least one of its ends is connected to the NFC controller, the other can be connected to the controller or to ground. By disconnecting this end, it is adapted by the device and the method of the invention to receive near-field signals via the human body with better quality, in IBC mode.
- IBC IBC mode
- NFC NFC-Fi Protected Access
- the processing device is characterized in that the switching member is additionally capable of connecting said end of the antenna when it receives a second switching command, called the command NFC.
- the antenna can be connected or reconnected for standard NFC operation when it receives an NFC command, the antenna again behaving like a loop antenna.
- the device can be positioned, according to the command received from the controller, either in NFC mode or in IBC mode. This is advantageous if the user wishes to use his terminal in one or the other mode (depending on the capacities of the reader terminals opposite, the type of transaction, the environment, etc.)
- the first and the second switching command are identical.
- a single command is used to switch the switching member, which behaves like a switch: if it is in closed mode, it opens on receipt of the command, and vice versa. It is thus very simple to switch the device to an IBC or NFC mode: if it is positioned in NFC, receiving the command switches it to IBC, and vice versa.
- said end of the antenna is connected to a ground before its disconnection.
- one end of the NFC antenna is connected to ground, which corresponds to the majority of cases for NFC antennas on the current market, of the loop type.
- said end of the antenna is connected to the controller before its disconnection.
- one end of the NFC antenna is connected to an input of the controller, which corresponds to certain CLF/antenna assemblies on the current market.
- said switching device is a transistor-based electronic switching system.
- a very simple switching system can be used. It is indeed well known to those skilled in the art of electronic components that one or more transistors, for example of the MOS type, can be simply arranged and controlled to serve as a switch, or switching device, capable of switching on reception. of a switch command.
- the antenna comprises:
- the NFC antenna is best adapted to receive IBC signals.
- the controller is suitable for controlling the connected position or the disconnected position as a function of at least one characteristic of the electromagnetic field received by the antenna.
- the ratio between the electric component and the magnetic component of the electromagnetic field received can be analyzed by the controller, which deduces therefrom an NFC operating mode (if the magnetic component is the majority in the received signal) or a mode of IBC operation (if the electrical component is predominant in the received signal).
- NFC operating mode if the magnetic component is the majority in the received signal
- IBC operation if the electrical component is predominant in the received signal.
- controller is adapted to control the connected position or the disconnected position, according to information received in the electromagnetic signal.
- the electromagnetic signal typically a field of a message received via this signal, which makes it possible to tilt the antenna.
- a field includes an IBC message indication
- the disconnected position will be controlled by the controller.
- the message received in the signal is a standard NFC message
- the connected position will be controlled by the controller.
- the invention also relates to a mobile terminal comprising such a near-field communication processing device.
- a mobile terminal equipped with a standard NFC module, modified into an IBC module according to the invention, by adding the switching circuit, can use the IBC mode effectively, and according to certain embodiments, can switch from IBC mode to NFC mode and vice versa, depending on the use the user wishes to make of his mobile.
- the invention also relates, according to one embodiment, to such a terminal further comprising a man-machine interface to allow a user to enter an NFC or IBC switching command in order to transmit it to the processing device.
- a user can choose, at the level of the man-machine interface of his terminal, for example via his touch screen (checkbox, menu, etc.), to position himself in one or other mode.
- This high-level command is transmitted to the processing device, the controller of which can relay the switching order to the switching device.
- the invention also relates to a method for processing near-field communication on a terminal comprising a device for processing near-field communication comprising:
- At least one near-field communication antenna intended to receive an electromagnetic signal in the near field and comprising at least one end;
- a controller capable of receiving the antenna signals and controlling the switching device, the method being characterized in that it comprises a step of sending a first switching command, called IBC command, to command at 1' switching member to disconnect said end of the antenna.
- IBC command a first switching command
- such a method is characterized in that it further comprises a step of sending a second switching command, called NFC command, to command the switching member to connect said end of the 'antenna.
- NFC command a second switching command
- such a method is characterized in that the first and the second command are identical.
- such a method is characterized in that it further comprises:
- such a method is characterized in that it further comprises:
- the invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions for implementing the method above according to one of the particular embodiments described, when said program is executed by a processor of the controller.
- the invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions for implementing the above method according to one of the particular embodiments described, when said program is executed by a processor of a mobile terminal comprising the device treatment.
- the methods can be implemented in various ways, in particular in hard-wired form or in software form. These programs may use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form.
- the invention also relates to a recording medium or information medium readable by a computer, and comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.
- the recording media mentioned above can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
- the medium may comprise a storage medium, such as a ROM, for example a CD-ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or even a magnetic recording medium, for example a hard disk.
- the recording media may correspond to a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
- the programs according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from an Internet-type network.
- the recording media may correspond to an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the process in question.
- Figure 1 illustrates the general context of an IBC communication according to the state of the art
- Figure 2 illustrates a mobile terminal comprising a processing device according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- Figure 3 illustrates an electronic switching system for the processing device according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 illustrates a switched antenna electronic system for the processing device according to another particular embodiment of the invention
- Figure 5 illustrates steps of a method using one embodiment of the invention.
- the general principle of the invention consists in adapting, at the level of a terminal, the antenna associated with the NFC controller in order to transform the assembly into an IBC reception circuit (or device), in order to initiate a wireless communication. using the human body as a channel. In IBC mode, the quality of the received signal is better than if the antenna was not adapted.
- the general idea of the invention is therefore to modify the NFC component of the mobile so that it is positioned in IBC mode by adapting the antenna associated with the component to favor the electric field at the expense of the magnetic field. To do this, simply open the antenna circuit, in particular but not exclusively by disconnecting one of its ends, connected for example to ground or to the controller. The operation remains reversible to ensure compatibility with NFC mode if the user wishes to leave IBC mode to return to NFC mode: all you have to do is close the antenna circuit.
- Figure 1 illustrates the general context of an IBC communication according to the state of the art.
- the NFC circuit not having been adapted according to the invention, an IBC transaction is possible, but the reception being of poor quality, it is more difficult to set up.
- the user (2) carrying the terminal TM equipped with an NFC module approaches until almost touching the reader terminal TP to implement a service, for example a monetary transaction.
- the user (2), or carrier is for example a human being but could alternatively take the form of another living being able to perform a voluntary gesture towards the reader and to transmit radio carrier waves.
- the TP and TM terminals are able to communicate directly in the near field (NFC mode) or via an electromagnetic field (NF) using the user's body (IBC mode).
- the reader TP can be for example a TPE (for Electronic Payment Terminal), or even a mobile terminal having an NFC module positioned in reader mode, a connected object (in English, IOT), a personal computer, etc. It is capable of transmitting radio signals of the NFC type (3) via an NFC antenna (not shown).
- the reader (TP) comprises a surface constituted by the possibly protected antenna and adapted to react when the user touches it or comes into proximity with it, for example by approaching the hand.
- the term "surface” is in no way limiting and given for illustrative purposes, the antenna being the only means essential to the operation of the device.
- the terminal TM comprises a conventional NFC component (CLF associated with an antenna). It is for example a mobile phone, or smartphone, or a connected object.
- CLF NFC component
- NFC communications can cover two types of applications linked to two different operating modes on an NFC terminal: the first mode, called emulation mode, implements emulation of a near-field communication module to secure electronic transactions between an application stored on the terminal and an external reading terminal; in the context illustrated here, the terminal is in this mode; the second mode, called reader mode, relates to the reading of data on devices of the transponder type, or NFC cards; this is the reader mode (in English, tag reading) as defined by the NFC Forum (industry association responsible for promoting the implementation and standardization of NFC technology).
- emulation mode implements emulation of a near-field communication module to secure electronic transactions between an application stored on the terminal and an external reading terminal
- the terminal in this mode
- the second mode called reader mode
- reader mode relates to the reading of data on devices of the transponder type, or NFC cards; this is the reader mode (in English, tag reading) as defined by the NFC Forum (industry association responsible for promoting the implementation and standardization of
- the NFC module of the terminal behaves like a device naturally capable of receiving radio carrier waves, via an antenna, through the body of the user (2).
- the terminal TM is located in the immediate vicinity of the user (2), without necessarily being in direct contact with the latter.
- the terminal is placed inside a pocket or a bag carried against the user, or around his neck. In these configurations, it is estimated that the terminal is not more than a few centimeters away from the body of the user (2). The distance is for example less than 5 cm.
- the dialogue is initiated between the reader and the terminal on the IBC channel, when the mobile terminal TM receives the carrier wave of the initialization message transmitted by the reader TP and relayed by the body of the user. It is followed by the establishment of a two-way communication using a radio link, for example Bluetooth (4), as described in the document WO2017/093639, included here by reference. Indeed, it is not possible to retransmit a complex message to the reader via the user's body, for reasons of throughput and power. Indeed, the terminal operates in load modulation, that is to say by induction. The 14443 standard indicates that, in such a situation, the mobile terminal in emulation and the reader terminal can no longer communicate if they are separated by more than approximately 10 cm.
- the use of a conventional NFC component makes it possible to receive the IBC signals on the terminal TM.
- they are not of good quality except to greatly increase the current induced by higher signal strength, which is unnecessary, expensive, and could prove dangerous to the body carrying the signal.
- the electromagnetic wave, NFC or IBC has two main vector components, magnetic and electric. It is on the basis of these two components that the electromagnetic wave moves.
- the experience acquired on IBC technology has shown that the human body reacts better to the electric field than to the magnetic field. Specifically, the human body transmits electrical signals with better efficiency if they are emitted with an electrical antenna. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that the human body is mainly made up of water and as such is closer to electric antennas. Thus an electric field is better transmitted by the individual.
- the NFC antennas of existing mobile terminals are conventionally called “loop” antennas, effective when good directivity is desired.
- Such magnetic antennas can pick up electric fields, but the quality of received signals is poor.
- the invention therefore proposes modifying this antenna to make it more efficient in the 1BC mode.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an architecture of a mobile terminal comprising a processing device (DIBC) according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- DIBC processing device
- the terminal TM has the classic architecture of a mobile telephone, of the smartphone type, and notably comprises a memory MEM, a processing unit UT, equipped for example with a processor PROC M, and controlled by the computer program PGM_M stored in memory MEM.
- the code instructions of the computer program PGM M are for example loaded into a memory before being executed by the processor PROC M.
- the processor PROC M of the processing unit UT notably implements the steps of the method for processing an IBC near-field communication, according to certain particular embodiments, according to the instructions of the computer program PGM_M.
- the PGM_M program can relay a choice by the user, made at the terminal's human-machine interface, to switch between an IBC mode and an NFC mode.
- the terminal also includes a DIBC module for initializing IBC communications.
- This module conventionally comprises a contactless communication integrated circuit, or CLF (for Contactless Front-End) and an ANT antenna initially provided to receive NFC signals and adapted according to the invention to receive IBC signals via the human body.
- CLF component itself comprises a PROC C processor capable of implementing a low-level program (for example, in assembler) to drive the CLF and the modules connected to it, in particular, according to one embodiment, a switch INT connected to it.
- the principle of this control is to adapt the NFC magnetic antenna of the mobile so that it is able to receive the electrical component with better efficiency.
- Such antennas are so-called “loop” antennas, as explained above, whose two ends are connected to the CLF.
- the two terminals are connected to the CLF.
- the end of the NFC antenna is disconnected, to leave it “in the air” thanks to the switch, or switch INT.
- this takes the form of a software command sent by the PGM_C program of the CLF to the switch INT which may for example be an electronic circuit based on (C)MOS transistors, able to open to disconnect the end of the antenna.
- the terminal also comprises a communication module distinct from the NFC module, for example Bluetooth (or Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, etc.) denoted BT in the figure, to ensure the return channel, and therefore the bidirectionality of the communication.
- a communication module distinct from the NFC module, for example Bluetooth (or Wi-Fi, Li-Fi, etc.) denoted BT in the figure, to ensure the return channel, and therefore the bidirectionality of the communication.
- the terminal also comprises a man-machine interface, or IHM, which can enable it in particular to accept input from the user, and to translate it, via the PGM_M program of the terminal, into instructions for the PGM C program of the CLF: command to switch to IBC mode, or to return to NFC mode.
- IHM man-machine interface
- FIG. 3 illustrates an electronic switching system for the processing device according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- the switch, or switch INT shown in Figure 3 comprises a programmable switching component, according to this example an analog switch denominated "TLC4066" from the company Texas Instrument®, based on a quadruple CMOS with silicon gate, and designed to manage both analog and digital signals.
- a voltage command (eg, a positive voltage equaling the binary value 1) applied to a section of the switch turns on the associated switch.
- applying a voltage command to input 13 (VC) closes the switch, while the opposite command opens it.
- Connections CLF_A2 and CLF_A1 correspond respectively to two inputs of the CLF controller.
- CLF A1 is connected to one terminal of the ANT antenna
- the switch is open, CLF_A2 is no longer connected to the ANT antenna, the antenna terminal is therefore disconnected, we also say "in the air”.
- the voltage command applied to the input denoted CLF PO makes it possible, by opening the switch, to disconnect the CFL A2 input from the component, and therefore the corresponding terminal of the antenna, thus positioning it, as explained above, in mode of IBC reception.
- the antenna When the switch is closed, the antenna again behaves like a loop antenna capable of receiving NFC signals.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a switched antenna electronic system for the processing device according to another particular embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna represented is a conventional antenna of the NFC type, intended to be connected to a CLF, well known to those skilled in the art.
- CLF Compact RF field-effect transistor
- TRF7960, TRF7961 Multiple-Standard Fully Integrated 13.56-MHz RFID Analog Front End and Data-Framing Reader from the aforementioned company Texas Instrument, which describes and schematizes CLFs associated with an NFC antenna.
- the antenna diagram in figure 4 is extracted from this document, section 7.1.
- the CLF A1 connection of the controller is connected to a terminal of the antenna.
- the other terminal of the antenna is connected via the switch to a mass, to respect the antenna diagram.
- opening the switch disconnects the antenna terminal CLF_A2 from ground GR, and connects it to ground when the switch is closed.
- FIG. 5 illustrates steps of the method for processing a near-field communication according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the user can use his terminal in IBC mode or in NFC mode.
- a test is therefore carried out to find out whether the terminal must be positioned in NFC or in IBC.
- This test can be carried out by an application of the mobile terminal, in connection with the PGM_M program, for example an applet proposing to the user, via the man-machine interface, to choose his type of transaction, or any other program capable of making a decision on the transaction or the set of transactions to be carried out in the near field, of the NFC or IBC type.
- step E0 is followed by a step E10 to position the antenna in NFC mode, i.e. close the loop antenna by reconnecting one of its ends if necessary by sending an NFC switch command.
- this command is necessary to reposition the terminal in NFC mode, it is transmitted for example from the PGM_M program to the PGM_C program of the CLF, which commands the INT switch to open, as explained above in support of figures 3 and 4.
- step E10 is followed by step El i to perform the NFC transaction, which will not be described further because it is quite conventional.
- step E0 is followed by a step El to position the antenna in IBC mode, i.e. say open the loop antenna by disconnecting one of its ends by sending an IBC switching command.
- this command is necessary to reposition the terminal in IBC mode, it is transmitted for example from the PGM_M program to the PGM C program of the CLF, which commands the INT switch to open, as explained above in l support of Figures 3 and 4.
- step El can, according to an example, comprise the following sub-steps:
- step El is followed by step E2 to initiate the IBC transaction.
- the dialogue is initiated between the reader and the terminal.
- a dialogue followed by the establishment of a two-way communication using a return channel, for example a Bluetooth link, is described in the document WO2017/093639 mentioned previously.
- NF near field
- the reader can accept Bluetooth communication with the terminal, the establishment of a two-way Bluetooth channel and the communication on this channel during steps E4 and E24, for the reception/transmission of messages relating to the IBC transaction on the Bluetooth channel (to validate a payment, a ticket balance, or exchange any other message required for communication, etc.)
- Step E25/E5 corresponds to the end of the transaction (for example, validation of the monetary transaction, opening of the gate, etc.)
- the Bluetooth channel can be closed and the process on the mobile can return to step E0, waiting for a positioning instruction in IBC or NFC for another transaction, or transaction group.
- the IBC mode can be set by default on the terminal. Indeed, a user who has the IBC no longer needs the NFC mode, because it is more practical to leave the terminal in his pocket than to hold it in his hand. It is only if the user wishes to carry out an NFC transaction that he will have to reposition his terminal in this mode. Thus the most practical mode is offered by default without losing compatibility with NFC mode.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Transceivers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2100706A FR3119283A1 (fr) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Dispositif et procédé de traitement d’une communication en champ proche |
| PCT/FR2021/052404 WO2022162290A1 (fr) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-12-20 | Dispositif et procédé de traitement d' une communication en champ proche |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4285514A1 true EP4285514A1 (fr) | 2023-12-06 |
Family
ID=74759153
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21852036.9A Pending EP4285514A1 (fr) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-12-20 | Dispositif et procédé de traitement d' une communication en champ proche |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12615095B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4285514A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3119283A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022162290A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009081337A1 (fr) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Commutation entre de multiples modes de couplage |
| FR2973183A1 (fr) | 2011-03-21 | 2012-09-28 | France Telecom | Dispositif et procede de communication sans fil |
| US9219452B2 (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2015-12-22 | Intel Deutschland Gmbh | Dual mode receiver with RF splitter using programmable passive components |
| WO2014030317A1 (fr) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-02-27 | パナソニックヘルスケア株式会社 | Dispositif de communication par le corps humain et appareil de communication |
| US10009071B2 (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2018-06-26 | Sony Corporation | Antenna and communication apparatus |
| WO2016156917A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Sony Corporation | Initiation et vérification pour un réseau radioélectrique corporel |
| US9692525B2 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-06-27 | Intel Corporation | Optimal electric field coupling techniques for human body communication (HBC) |
| FR3044495A1 (fr) | 2015-11-30 | 2017-06-02 | Orange | Dispositif et procede de communication sans fils |
| US10321406B2 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2019-06-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Contextually switching from a wireless communication to human body near-field communication for power savings |
| JP7348172B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-02 | 2023-09-20 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 通信装置及び通信方法 |
| KR102718667B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-10-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Nfc 보조 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102770797B1 (ko) * | 2020-04-14 | 2025-02-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무선 전력 수신 장치 및 오브젝트 자극 장치 |
-
2021
- 2021-01-26 FR FR2100706A patent/FR3119283A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-12-20 WO PCT/FR2021/052404 patent/WO2022162290A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-20 EP EP21852036.9A patent/EP4285514A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-20 US US18/262,650 patent/US12615095B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12615095B2 (en) | 2026-04-28 |
| WO2022162290A1 (fr) | 2022-08-04 |
| US20240080109A1 (en) | 2024-03-07 |
| FR3119283A1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 |
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