EP4284878A1 - Compositions pour la réalisation de membranes d'etanchéité, procédés et membranes associés - Google Patents
Compositions pour la réalisation de membranes d'etanchéité, procédés et membranes associésInfo
- Publication number
- EP4284878A1 EP4284878A1 EP22705442.6A EP22705442A EP4284878A1 EP 4284878 A1 EP4284878 A1 EP 4284878A1 EP 22705442 A EP22705442 A EP 22705442A EP 4284878 A1 EP4284878 A1 EP 4284878A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- polymer
- composition
- bitumen
- mass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/30—Environmental or health characteristics, e.g. energy consumption, recycling or safety issues
- C08L2555/34—Recycled or waste materials, e.g. reclaimed bitumen, asphalt, roads or pathways, recycled roof coverings or shingles, recycled aggregate, recycled tires, crumb rubber, glass or cullet, fly or fuel ash, or slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
- C08L2555/50—Inorganic non-macromolecular ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
- C08L2555/80—Macromolecular constituents
- C08L2555/84—Polymers comprising styrene, e.g., polystyrene, styrene-diene copolymers or styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of waterproofing membranes and bituminous compositions suitable for their manufacture.
- bituminous binder for waterproofing membranes, comprising a bitumen, one or more polymers which comprise(s) at least Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) and one or more fillers minerals comprising at least one phyllosilicate, the SBS/phyllosilicate mixture constituting between 3 and 20% by weight of said bituminous binder and the fraction of said phyllosilicate representing between 5 and 25% by weight of said SBS.
- SBS Styrene Butadiene Styrene
- fillers minerals comprising at least one phyllosilicate
- the proposed solution is presented as a solution that makes it possible to reduce the cost price of the bituminous composition and therefore of the waterproofing membrane obtained.
- compositions and processes for manufacturing such compositions offer new possibilities for recycling plastic waste, and are therefore particularly advantageous, from an ecological point of view and for reducing the carbon footprint.
- compositions and membranes according to the invention offer new solutions for reducing their cost price.
- Another object of the invention is also to provide compositions allowing a lightening of the sealing membranes obtained with such compositions, which is advantageous, in particular, to facilitate their handling and their transport. Disclosure of Invention
- the invention relates to bituminous compositions comprising, in a bitumen-based matrix, fillers C which represent from 21 to 40% of the total mass of the composition and which consist of inorganic particles Ci and polymeric particles Cp crystal polystyrene or impact polystyrene, the mass of the polymeric particles Cp representing from 1 to 10% of the total mass of the composition and the mass of bitumen representing from 40 to 70% of the total mass of the composition.
- fillers C which represent from 21 to 40% of the total mass of the composition and which consist of inorganic particles Ci and polymeric particles Cp crystal polystyrene or impact polystyrene, the mass of the polymeric particles Cp representing from 1 to 10% of the total mass of the composition and the mass of bitumen representing from 40 to 70% of the total mass of the composition.
- inorganic fillers Ci by selected polymeric particles Cp which are impact or crystal polystyrene particles, in a bituminous composition intended for the manufacture of a waterproofing membrane, did not lead to any loss of properties of the waterproofing membrane obtained.
- the compositions and membranes obtained were evaluated, in terms of penetrability at 20 and 50°C, ball-ring softening temperature (TBA), cold pliability, before and after accelerated long-term aging in a container. pressure aging (PAV), remanence Re and viscosity.
- the substitution of part of the inorganic fillers Ci by polymeric fillers Cp selected in the context of the invention did not lead to a loss of these properties, which remained substantially identical.
- the invention thus makes it possible to use, as fillers, polymeric particles resulting from the recycling of plastic waste, which opens up other ways of recovering waste, makes it possible to reduce the environmental footprint of the waterproofing membranes obtained with the compositions according to the invention, to promote a circular economy and to limit the use of finite resources that are inorganic fillers.
- such a replacement of part of the inorganic fillers Ci by polymeric fillers Cp selected within the framework of the invention makes it possible to obtain a lightening of the sealing membrane obtained.
- the impact or crystal polystyrene of the Cp polymer particles has a Mw in the range from 80 to 300 kg/mol, and preferably in the range from 100 to 250 kg/mol.
- the Cp polymer particles comprise at least 85% by mass, preferably at least 90% by mass, and preferably at least 95% by mass of impact or crystal polystyrene; said impact or crystal polystyrene is mixed with one or more polymer(s) P1 , preferably chosen from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer, polycarbonates, polyethylene terephthalate (PET ).
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- such Cp polymer particles are preferably obtained from the recycling of waste.
- compositions according to the invention further comprise, as additional component(s), one or more polymer(s) P2, preferably chosen from plastomers and thermoplastics and, in particular, thermoplastic elastomers, in particular chosen from unsaturated block copolymers.
- the polymer(s) P2 is (are) chosen from styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, preferably in branched or star-shaped form, atactic polypropylene and poly(ethylene vinyl acetate ).
- the mass of polymer(s) P2 represents from 5 to 25%, preferably from 5 to 20% and, even more preferably, from 7 to 18% of the total mass of the composition.
- the inorganic particles Ci are particles of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium sulphate, barium sulphate, silica, clay, talc, mica, wollastonite, montmorillonite, zeolite, alumina, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or glass, with calcium carbonate particles being preferred.
- the mass of inorganic particles Ci represents 20 to 39%, preferably 25 to 37%, and even more preferably 27 to 34% of the total mass of the composition.
- the D50 of the Cp polymer particles and/or the D50 of the Ci inorganic particles belongs(n) to the range going from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range going from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the preferred compositions, within the scope of the invention, comprise, or even consist of:
- fillers C consisting of inorganic particles Ci and polymeric particles Cp of polystyrene impact or crystal, the Cp polymer particles representing from 1 to 10% m/m, preferably 1 to 5% m/m, and even more preferably from 1 to 3% m/m of the total mass of the composition and the inorganic particles Ci representing from 20 to 39% m/m, preferably from 25 to 37% m/m, and even more preferably from 27 to 34% m/m of the total mass of the composition;
- % m/m being % by mass relative to the total mass of the composition.
- the invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a composition according to the invention, comprising the mixing under heating of an assembly comprising:
- the mixture under heating is carried out at a temperature belonging to the range going from 100 to 220° C., preferably for 5 minutes to 10 hours and/or with stirring from 200 to 2000 revolutions/min.
- the mixture under heating is carried out over an assembly comprising, additionally, one or more polymer(s) P2 chosen from plastomers and thermoplastics and, in particular, thermoplastic elastomers, in particular chosen from unsaturated block copolymers, and, even more preferably, chosen from styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, preferably in the form branched or star-shaped, atactic polypropylene and poly(ethylene vinyl acetate).
- polymer(s) P2 chosen from plastomers and thermoplastics and, in particular, thermoplastic elastomers, in particular chosen from unsaturated block copolymers, and, even more preferably, chosen from styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, preferably in the form branched or star-shaped, atactic polypropylene and poly(ethylene vinyl acetate).
- the method according to the invention comprises the introduction, into the bitumen, of said polymer(s) P2, before the introduction into the bitumen of the inorganic particles Ci and Cp polymeric particles of impact or crystal polystyrene.
- the method according to the invention comprises the introduction, into the bitumen, of inorganic particles Ci which have a D50 which belongs to the range going from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range going from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 to 150 ⁇ m and/or Cp polymeric particles of impact or crystal polystyrene which have a D50 which belongs to the range going from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range going from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
- compositions according to the invention for the manufacture of a waterproofing membrane, in particular for a roof, is an integral part of the invention.
- the invention relates to a waterproofing membrane, in particular for a roof, comprising a layer formed from a composition according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to waterproofing membranes, in particular for roofing, comprising a composition according to the invention, impregnating, at least in part, a fibrous material.
- the invention relates to such sealing membranes in the form of a multilayer structure.
- the D50 is defined as being the diameter of the particles for which 50% by volume of the particles have a diameter greater than this value and 50% by volume of the particles have a diameter less than this value.
- the D50 is determined, in the context of the invention, with a laser diffraction particle size analyzer in the liquid route (alcohol).
- CV coefficient of variation
- the average molecular masses can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (or SEC for "Size Exclusion Chromatography” in English).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- SEC Size Exclusion Chromatography
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the external standard used to determine the Mw of polystyrene is a polystyrene standard.
- compositions according to the invention contain a single bitumen or a mixture of bitumens.
- bitumens which can be used in the compositions according to the invention, mention may first be made of bitumens of natural origin, those contained in deposits of natural bitumen, natural asphalt or bituminous sands and bitumens originating from the refining of crude oil.
- the bitumen(s) present in the composition are advantageously chosen from bitumens originating from the refining of crude oil, in particular bitumens containing asphaltenes or pitches.
- the bitumens can be obtained by conventional processes for the manufacture of bitumens in refineries, in particular by direct distillation and/or vacuum distillation of petroleum.
- bitumens can optionally be visbroken and/or deasphalted and/or air-rectified. It is common practice to carry out the vacuum distillation of the atmospheric residues resulting from the atmospheric distillation of crude oil. This manufacturing process therefore corresponds to the succession of atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation, the charge supplying the vacuum distillation corresponding to atmospheric residues. These vacuum residues from the vacuum distillation tower can also be used as bitumen. It is also common to inject air into a charge usually composed of distillates and heavy products from the vacuum distillation of atmospheric residues from petroleum distillation. This process makes it possible to obtain a blown or semi-blown or oxidized or air-rectified or partially air-rectified bitumen.
- bitumens obtained by refining processes can be combined in the compositions according to the invention, to obtain the best compromise, in terms of technical performance.
- the operation is carried out at temperatures between 100° C. and 200° C., preferably between 140° C. and 200° C., and with stirring for a period of at least 10 minutes, preferably between 30 minutes and 10 hours, more preferably between 1 hour and 6 hours.
- the heating temperature and duration vary according to the quantity of bitumen used and are defined by standard NF EN 12594.
- Blown bitumens can be produced in a blowing unit, by passing a flow of air and/or oxygen through a starting bitumen or mixture of bitumens.
- This operation can be carried out in the presence of an oxidation catalyst, for example phosphoric acid.
- an oxidation catalyst for example phosphoric acid.
- the blowing is carried out at high temperatures, of the order of 200 to 300° C., for relatively long durations typically comprised between 30 minutes and 2 hours, continuously or in batches.
- the blowing time and temperature are adjusted according to the properties targeted for the blown bitumen and according to the quality of the starting bitumen.
- bitumens which can be used according to the invention, mention may also be made of bitumens resulting from recycling.
- bitumens can be hard grade bitumens (such as grades 10/20 and 20/30) or soft grade (such as grade 160/220) defined by standard EN 12591.
- the invention is particularly suitable for cases where the composition is formed with a bitumen chosen from among bitumens of grades 160/220 and 70/100 and mixtures thereof.
- the bitumens which can be used in the context of the invention preferably have a penetrability, measured at 25° C. according to standard EN 1426, of 5 to 330 1/10 mm, preferably between 10 to 220 1/10 mm.
- the so-called “needle penetrability” measurement is carried out by means of a standardized test NF EN 1426 at 25° C. (Pene). This penetrability characteristic is expressed in tenths of a millimeter (dmm or 1/10 mm). Needle penetrability, measured at 25°C, according to the standardized test NF EN 1426, represents the measurement of the penetration into a sample of bitumen, after a time of 5 seconds, of a needle whose weight with its support is 100 g.
- compositions according to the invention comprise fillers which are distributed in the bitumen or more generally in a matrix formed of one or more bitumens, or even of a mixture of bitumen(s)/polymer(s) P2 defined within the scope of the invention.
- the fillers C in the context of the invention are of two kinds: one part consists of inorganic particles or fillers, named Ci, the other part consists of polymeric particles or fillers of impact or crystal polystyrene, named Cp. These two types of particles are defined in more detail later in the description.
- part of the mineral fillers used in the compositions of the prior art could be replaced by Cp polymeric fillers and that this did not alter the properties evaluated in the examples, membranes obtained.
- Cp polymer particles consisting or mainly consisting of a crystal or impact polystyrene. This therefore opens up numerous possibilities for using polymeric fillers resulting from the recycling of plastic waste, and in particular recycled polystyrene waste.
- the fillers C present in the composition are preferably of micrometric size and in particular have a lower maximum size. or equal to 500 pm. When a particle is perfectly spherical, its maximum size is its diameter.
- the polymer particles Cp and/or the inorganic particles Ci have a D50 which belongs to the range going from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range going from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 at 150 p.m.
- the Cp polymer particles present in the composition have a coefficient of variation CV, characterizing their dispersion in size, of 1.1 to 5, preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferentially from 1.1 to 3 and/or the inorganic particles Ci present in the composition have a coefficient of variation CV, characterizing their dispersion in size, of 1.1 to 5, preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferentially from 1.1 to 3 .
- Inorganic fillers Ci having such a size are commercially available.
- the size of the polymeric particles Cp and of the inorganic particles Ci introduced can be adjusted according to any conventional techniques well known to those skilled in the art. In particular, a grinding operation is carried out, followed by a selection of the particle size by passage through one or more sieves. In the case of Cp polymer particles, obtained from plastic waste, a rough cutting operation into chips is generally carried out, before a finer grinding operation.
- compositions according to the invention can be obtained by introducing, into a bitumen-based matrix, Cp polymeric particles having a D50 which belongs to the range from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range from from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 to 150 ⁇ m and of inorganic particles Ci having a D50 which belongs to the range going from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably to the range going from 20 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferentially to the range going from 30 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the polymeric particles Cp and the inorganic particles Ci introduced may, however, have the same or different sizes.
- compositions according to the invention can be obtained by introducing, into a bitumen-based matrix, polymeric particles Cp having a coefficient of variation CV, characterizing their dispersion in size, of 1.1 to 5 , preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferably from 1.1 to 3 and/or inorganic particles Ci having a coefficient of variation CV, characterizing their dispersion in size, from 1.1 to 5, preferably from 1, 1 to 4, and preferably from 1.1 to 3.
- Cp polymeric particles having a coefficient of variation CV, characterizing their dispersion in size, of 1.1 to 5 , preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferably from 1.1 to 3.
- the Cp polymer particles are impact or crystal polystyrene particles.
- High impact and crystal polystyrenes are well-known polymers, which differ from expanded polystyrene. Crystal polystyrene is transparent and is a homopolymer of styrene.
- High impact polystyrene also called HIPS (High Impact Polystyrene) contains a part of polybutadiene and is defined, in particular, in standard EN ISO 1043-1.
- the Cp polymer particles consist or mainly consist of crystal or impact polystyrene, which does not exclude the presence of one or more components or impurities in said particles.
- the Cp polymer particles comprise at least 85% by mass, preferably at least 90% by mass, and preferentially at least 95% by mass of impact or crystal polystyrene.
- the polymer particles Cp may comprise one or more polymer(s) P1, preferably chosen from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polycarbonates, polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the mass of polymer(s) P1 present represents at most 15%, preferably at most 10%, and preferentially at most 5%, of the mass of the polymer particles Cp.
- the impact or crystal polystyrene of the Cp polymer particles has a Mw in the range from 80 to 300 kg/mol, and preferably in the range from 100 to 250 kg/mol.
- the Cp polymer particles comprise an impact or crystal polystyrene, advantageously having a Mw in the range going from 80 to 300 kg/mol, and preferentially in the range going from 100 to 250 kg/mol. mol, mixed with another polymer P1, and in particular mixed with an ABS copolymer.
- the polymeric particles Cp consist of a crystal or impact polystyrene (and in particular an impact polystyrene having, preferably, a Mw defined previously) or of a crystal or impact polystyrene/polymer P1 mixture (and in particular in which the polystyrene is an impact polystyrene, preferably having a Mw defined above), and in particular a crystal or impact polystyrene/ABS mixture.
- the quantity of polymer P1, and in particular of ABS represents from 5 to 15%, and preferably from 8 to 12% of the mass of the polymer particles Cp.
- Such particles are in particular obtained from recycled polymer(s), in particular from waste packaging or household appliances such as refrigerators.
- the Cp polymer particles can consist of particles of the same nature or of particles of different natures. It is, in particular, possible to use a mixture of high impact polystyrene particles and crystal polystyrene particles. It is also possible that the composition comprises, as polymeric particles Cp, particles consisting of an impact or crystal polystyrene and particles consisting of a mixture of an impact or crystal polystyrene and a polymer P1, as previously described.
- compositions according to the invention comprise inorganic particles Ci, which partly constitute the fillers C.
- these inorganic particles are introduced into the compositions for waterproofing membranes to confer good walking resistance. and creep resistance of the membranes obtained.
- any inorganic particles used by those skilled in the art in compositions suitable for producing sealing membranes can be used.
- the inorganic particles Ci are advantageously particles of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, calcium sulphate, barium sulphate, silica, clay, talc, mica, wollastonite, montmorillonite, zeolite, alumina, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide or glass.
- the compositions according to the invention comprise particles of calcium carbonate, as inorganic particles Ci.
- compositions according to the invention further comprise at least one additional component, in addition to bitumen, inorganic particles Ci and polymeric particles Cp.
- additional component the compositions according to the invention comprise, so as advantageously, one or more polymer(s) P2, qualified as additional polymer(s). Indeed, this or these polymers P2 are said to be additional, because they do not correspond to the polymer(s) present in the polymer particles Cp.
- a P2 polymer is not an impact polystyrene or a crystal polystyrene.
- polymer P2 which is particularly preferred in the context of the invention, mention may be made of polymers chosen from plastomers, in particular polyolefins and olefin copolymers, such as poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) and atactic polypropylene (aPP), thermoplastics and, in particular, thermoplastic elastomers, in particular chosen from unsaturated block copolymers.
- EVA poly(ethylene vinyl acetate)
- aPP atactic polypropylene
- thermoplastics and, in particular, thermoplastic elastomers in particular chosen from unsaturated block copolymers.
- bituminous compositions suitable for the constitution of waterproofing membranes it is conventional for such a polymer to be used, in particular to impart satisfactory flexibility and pliability to the membrane obtained.
- thermoplastic elastomers typical examples are styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) or styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymers, preferably in the form radial or stellate.
- SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
- SIS styrene-isoprene-styrene
- SEBS styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene
- Such polymers are widely available commercially, in particular from the companies Kraton or Evonik.
- SBS block copolymer marketed under the reference D1184 from Kraton or an aPP marketed under the reference Vestoplast® 888 from Evonik.
- compositions according to the invention are provided.
- % m/m % by mass, relative to the total mass of the composition
- compositions according to the invention are given below. These quantities may be used independently of each other. Of course, they can be used in combination and all the possible combinations of the ranges specified below are envisaged within the scope of the invention.
- the widest mass % ranges given for each of the components may be used in combination, or even the intermediate mass % ranges given for each of the components may be used in combination, or even the most restricted mass % ranges given for each of the components may be used in combination.
- compositions according to the invention comprise from 21 to 40% m/m of fillers C, preferably from 26 to 38% m/m, and even more preferably from 28 to 35% m/m.
- These fillers C consist of polymeric particles Cp, and of inorganic particles Ci, as previously defined.
- the Cp polymer particles represent 1 to 10% m/m, preferably 1 to 5% m/m, and even more preferably 1 to 3% m/m of the total mass of the composition.
- the inorganic particles Ci represent 20 to 39% m/m, preferably 25 to 37% m/m, and even more preferably 27 to 34% m/m of the total mass of the composition.
- compositions according to the invention comprise:
- Cp polymeric particles of an impact or crystal polystyrene which, in a advantageously, has a Mw in the range from 80 to 300 kg/mol, and preferably in the range from 100 to 250 kg/mol, as Cp polymer particles; and or
- the mass quantities of the polymeric particles Cp and of the inorganic particles Ci are selected from the above ranges, in order to have overall, in the compositions according to the invention, from 21 to 40% m/m, preferably from 26 to 38% m/m, and even more preferably from 28 to 35% m/m of C fillers.
- such polymeric particles Cp comprise, or even consist of, a mixture of an impact or crystal polystyrene and a polymer P1 chosen from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer -styrene (ABS), polycarbonates, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), with impact or crystal polystyrene which is at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, and preferably at least 95% of the mass of the Cp polymer particles which are, preferably, derived from the recycling of waste.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer -styrene
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- impact or crystal polystyrene which is at least 85%, preferably at least 90%, and preferably at least 95% of the mass of the Cp polymer particles which are, preferably, derived from the recycling of waste.
- compositions according to the invention comprise from 40 to 70% m/m of bitumen, preferably from 50 to 65% m/m, and even more preferably from 55 to 65% m/m of bitumen.
- compositions according to the invention comprise from 5 to 25% m/m, preferably from 5 to 20% m/m and preferably from 7 to 18% m/m of one or more additional polymer(s) P2, in particular, as defined previously.
- compositions according to the invention comprise from 5 to 25% m/m, preferably from 5 to 20% m/m, and preferentially from 7 to 18% m/m of a styrene-butadiene block copolymer -styrene, preferably in branched or star-shaped form, of atactic polypropylene, of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) or of a mixture of such polymers, as polymer P2.
- a styrene-butadiene block copolymer -styrene preferably in branched or star-shaped form, of atactic polypropylene, of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) or of a mixture of such polymers, as polymer P2.
- compositions according to the invention comprise, or even consist of:
- fillers C consisting of inorganic particles Ci and polymeric particles Cp of an impact or crystal polystyrene, the Cp polymer particles representing from 1 to 10% m/m, preferably 1 to 5% m/m, and even more preferably from 1 to 3% m/m of the total mass of the composition and the inorganic particles Ci representing from 20 to 39% m/m, preferably from 25 to 37% m/m, and even more preferably from 27 to 34% m/m of the total mass of the composition;
- the fillers C, the polymeric particles Cp, the inorganic particles Ci, the polymer(s) additional P2(s) and bitumen presented as preferred will, of course, advantageously be used.
- compositions according to the invention comprise, or even consist of:
- fillers C consisting of inorganic particles Ci of CaCO3 and polymeric particles Cp crystal or impact polystyrene, preferably from waste recycling; the polymeric particles Cp representing from 1 to 10% m/m, preferably 1 to 5% m/m, and even more preferably from 1 to 3% m/m of the total mass of the composition and the inorganic particles Ci representing from 20 to 39% m/m, preferably from 25 to 37% m/m, and even more preferably from 27 to 34% m/m of the total mass of the composition; preferably, said polymeric particles Cp comprise, or even consist of a mixture of polymers which is a mixture of an impact or crystal polystyrene and a polymer P1 chosen from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the copolymer acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (AB
- bitumen preferably chosen from bitumens of grades 160/220 and 70/100 and mixtures thereof;
- styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer preferably under branched or star-shaped form, of an atactic polypropylene, of a poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) or of a mixture of such polymers.
- compositions according to the invention are suitable for the constitution of waterproofing membranes, and in particular of waterproofing membranes for roofing. Description of the process for manufacturing the compositions
- the mixture of the bitumen and the fillers C, or even the additional polymer(s) P2 is carried out at a temperature ranging from 100 to 220° C., preferably ranging from 120 to 200° C., and preferentially ranging from from 140 to 190°C.
- the mixing is carried out at a temperature greater than or equal to 150°C, preferably greater than or equal to 160°C.
- Such a mixture is produced with stirring, in particular, for a period of 5 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 3 hours, preferably 10 to 90 minutes, and even more preferably 20 to 90 minutes.
- Mixing can be carried out using high shear agitation or low shear agitation.
- the mixing is carried out with stirring at 200 to 2000 rpm, preferably at 300 to 1500 rpm.
- the agitation is carried out so as to facilitate the dispersion and the good distribution of the fillers in the bitumen which will constitute the matrix of the composition, optionally in combination with the additional polymer(s) P2.
- the conditions are adapted to lead to obtaining a homogeneous mixture.
- the mixing is carried out in such a way as to promote a good distribution of the fillers C, or even of the additional polymer(s) P2, in the final bituminous composition obtained.
- an additional polymer P2 when an additional polymer P2 is desired in the bituminous composition to be prepared, it is added to the bitumen, before the fillers C. Indeed, the presence of the fillers C makes it more difficult to distribute the polymer correctly. additional P2, within the bituminous matrix, if this is added afterwards.
- the polymeric particles Cp and the inorganic particles Ci constituting the fillers C, these may be introduced together or separately. separate way. According to a preferred embodiment, the polymeric particles Cp are introduced, before the inorganic particles Ci.
- the polymeric particles Cp and the inorganic particles Ci introduced may, however, have the same or different sizes.
- polymeric particles Cp having a coefficient of variation CV characterizing their dispersion in size, from 1.1 to 5, of preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferably from 1.1 to 3
- inorganic particles Ci having a coefficient of variation CV characterizing their dispersion in size, from 1.1 to 5, preferably from 1.1 to 4, and preferably from 1.1 to 3.
- bitumen or mixture of bitumens used for the manufacture of the composition is heated and stirred beforehand, before incorporating the other constituents of the composition.
- the constituents are generally introduced in sequence. Heating is maintained throughout the process, and the heating temperature can be modulated during the process.
- the agitation can be maintained or interrupted intermittently if necessary, in particular during the introduction of the inorganic particles Ci and/or can be modulated in intensity. In particular, the agitation may be greater during the introduction of some of the constituents and, in particular, during the introduction of the inorganic particles Ci.
- bitumen(s), fillers C, polymeric particles Cp, and inorganic particles Ci, or even one or more polymer(s) P2 are preferably used, corresponding to the descriptions given previously in the corresponding parts.
- bitumen, fillers C, and therefore of polymeric particles Cp, and of inorganic particles Ci, or even of polymer(s) P2 possibly present will be adjusted by the skilled in the art to ultimately obtain the desired amounts in the final composition, and in particular those mentioned in the previous part relating to the compositions according to the invention.
- bituminous compositions capable of being obtained by such a process also form an integral part of the invention.
- the invention also relates to a waterproofing membrane, in particular for a roof, comprising a layer formed from a composition according to the invention.
- a layer obtained by depositing a composition according to the invention typically has a thickness of 2 to 10 mm, in particular 3 to 5 mm.
- Obtaining a layer from a composition according to the invention, for the manufacture of a waterproofing membrane is carried out using any suitable deposition technique.
- the composition Before its application, it is preferable for the composition to be in the form of a malleable and/or fluid paste or a viscous paste, which will require heating.
- the application can be carried out, manually, for example with a trowel, by coating, or by projection, directly on the support whose sealing is to be ensured or on a fibrous material.
- a fibrous material can, for example, be made of glass fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers and/or be in the form of a nonwoven. Said fibrous material can be an integral part of the waterproofing membrane and play the role of reinforcement.
- the membrane can be produced directly on site or be manufactured beforehand. In the latter case, the membrane often has a rollable nature and can be in the form of a roll, facilitating its storage before its implementation.
- the invention also relates to a waterproofing membrane, in particular for a roof, comprising a composition according to the invention, impregnating, at least in part, a fibrous material.
- a fibrous material may, for example, be made of glass fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers and/or be in the form of a nonwoven.
- the invention also relates to a waterproofing membrane, in particular for a roof, in the form of a multilayer structure and comprising a layer formed from a composition according to the invention.
- a waterproofing membrane for a roof in the form of a multilayer structure, typically comprises an upper layer of polymeric material which is arranged to reflect UV rays, a lower waterproofing layer which is arranged to cover a roof , and an armature disposed between said upper layer and said lower layer.
- the lower sealing layer then consists of a composition according to the invention.
- the reinforcement is, in particular, a fibrous material previously described.
- compositions according to the invention apply to the waterproofing membranes according to the invention, and, in particular, to the waterproofing membranes for roofs according to the invention.
- PS1 and PS2 two types of polymer particles from the same impact polystyrene-based plastic waste (named PS1 and PS2), from refrigerator waste.
- PS1 and PS2 particles The difference between PS1 and PS2 particles is in the particle size. Their characteristics are given in Table 1 below.
- N.D. not determined, but in view of the sieving technique used for size selection, their size is between 125 and 250 ⁇ m, which means that their maximum size is less than or equal to 250 ⁇ m.
- the D50 was determined in accordance with the method previously described in the description.
- the mass Mw was evaluated by GPC, using tetrahydrofuran (THF), as THF solvent, on a column at 25° C., with a refractometer detector.
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- the calibration was carried out with 12 PS standards with masses from 1.01 to 44800 kg/mol, purchased from Tosoh.
- Example 1 Two compositions (Examples 1 and 2) according to the invention were prepared as follows, one with the polymeric particles of polystyrene PS1, at a rate of 1% m/m (Example 1) and the other with the polymeric particles of polystyrene PS2, at a rate of 3% m/m (example 2).
- compositions were prepared as follows:
- the bitumen was heated for 10 minutes at a temperature of 180° C. while stirring at 200 rpm, then the stirring was increased to 400 rpm and the SBS polymer was added (to have 7 % mass of SBS polymer in the end in the composition) slowly in order to promote good dispersion of the latter. Once the SBS was introduced, the stirring was lowered to 200 rpm and maintained for about 20 minutes at 180°C. The desired quantity of PS1 or PS2 was then introduced.
- the stirring was then increased to 800 revolutions/min. Then, the necessary quantity of CaCO3 was introduced, to have in the end in the composition 35% by mass of (CaCO3 + PS1) or (CaCO3 + PS2). The addition of CaCO3 causing air bubbles, the agitation was stopped intermittently so as not to have splashes of hot bitumen. Once the addition of CaCO3 finished, stirring was reduced to 200 rpm and the mixture was stirred for 40 minutes at 190°C.
- a membrane was then obtained, by pouring the mixture onto a mold and pulling it out using a preheated blade, in order to ultimately obtain a membrane of the same thickness of 2 mm.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2100809A FR3119170B1 (fr) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Compositions pour la réalisation de membranes d’étanchéité, procédés et membranes associés |
| PCT/FR2022/050161 WO2022162322A1 (fr) | 2021-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Compositions pour la réalisation de membranes d'etanchéité, procédés et membranes associés |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4284878A1 true EP4284878A1 (fr) | 2023-12-06 |
Family
ID=74871665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22705442.6A Withdrawn EP4284878A1 (fr) | 2021-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Compositions pour la réalisation de membranes d'etanchéité, procédés et membranes associés |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240101827A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4284878A1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA3205587A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3119170B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022162322A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997030121A1 (fr) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Polyphalt Inc. | Compositions bitumineuses stabilisees a base de polymeres melanges in-situ |
| FR2882758B1 (fr) | 2005-03-04 | 2007-12-28 | Axter Sa | Liant bitumineux ameliore comportant une fraction reduite de sbs pour etancheite et membrane d'etancheite |
| CN103665899B (zh) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-12-02 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种利用废旧泡沫的改性沥青基灌封剂及制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-01-28 FR FR2100809A patent/FR3119170B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 WO PCT/FR2022/050161 patent/WO2022162322A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-01-28 EP EP22705442.6A patent/EP4284878A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-01-28 US US18/262,589 patent/US20240101827A1/en active Pending
- 2022-01-28 CA CA3205587A patent/CA3205587A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3205587A1 (fr) | 2022-08-04 |
| US20240101827A1 (en) | 2024-03-28 |
| FR3119170B1 (fr) | 2023-02-10 |
| FR3119170A1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 |
| WO2022162322A1 (fr) | 2022-08-04 |
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