EP4282780A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur automatischen formatklassifizierung von abfall, der an einen mit sensoren ausgestatteten öffentlichen mülldeponier geliefert wird - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur automatischen formatklassifizierung von abfall, der an einen mit sensoren ausgestatteten öffentlichen mülldeponier geliefert wird Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4282780A1
EP4282780A1 EP23174604.1A EP23174604A EP4282780A1 EP 4282780 A1 EP4282780 A1 EP 4282780A1 EP 23174604 A EP23174604 A EP 23174604A EP 4282780 A1 EP4282780 A1 EP 4282780A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
dumpster
format
sensors
basis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23174604.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabrizio FONTANA
Roberto Casazza
Massimo FURANTI
Lorenzo Pace
Elisabetta CERRE'
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adgenera Srl
Original Assignee
Adgenera Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adgenera Srl filed Critical Adgenera Srl
Publication of EP4282780A1 publication Critical patent/EP4282780A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/02—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor without removable inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/16—Lids or covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/1468—Means for facilitating the transport of the receptacle, e.g. wheels, rolls
    • B65F1/1473—Receptacles having wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/182—Volume determining means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the automatic classification of the format of waste delivered into a public dumpster provided with sensors.
  • the present invention advantageously relates particularly to the latter application.
  • waste bags can be classified according to standard formats set by the local public administration [for example, 15 liters (small), 40 liters (medium), 110 liters (large), and 220 liters (oversized)], and in most cases it is only required to classify the waste delivered into the dumpster on the basis of the standard formats rather than determining its exact volume.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for the automatic classification of the format of waste delivered into a public dumpster equipped with sensors which overcomes the drawbacks cited above of known systems and in particular allows to classify the format of delivered waste with high accuracy and reliability, regardless of whether it is generic loose waste, a traditional waste bag, or a recovery bag of any format and in any state of preservation, all of the above with considerably reduced costs with respect to known systems.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus that can be easily optimized, in terms of cost and detection accuracy, as a function of the different classifications provided by local administrations.
  • a generic dumpster 10 provided with a lid 11 is adapted to hold a plurality of waste bags S1, S2, S3, S4 and of generic loose waste.
  • the bags S1, S2, S3, S4 are of a standard format and have respective nominal volumes V1, V2, V3, V4, for example 15 liters, 40 liters, 110 liters, and 220 liters, respectively.
  • the dumpster 10 is provided with a plurality of optical sensors 12 placed in an elevated position that does not interfere with the area adapted to accommodate the waste.
  • the optical sensors 12 are placed proximate to the lid 11 and are functionally directed toward the bottom 10a of the dumpster 10.
  • the optical sensors 12 are connected to a control unit CU programmed to detect the surface profile of the waste inside the dumpster 10 on the basis of the signals received from the optical sensors.
  • the expression "surface profile,” in the present description and in the claims, means the three-dimensional reconstruction of the overall surface of the mass of waste inside the dumpster that is detectable from above by means of the optical sensors 12. Of course, this is an average profile estimated on the basis of the detections made.
  • the optical sensors 12 may comprise an emitter 12E adapted to emit a light beam in the infrared range, and a receiver 12R adapted to receive the return light beam by reflection on the generic object located in front.
  • the distance h from the object is calculated on the basis of the time elapsed between the emission of the light beam and its reception.
  • sensors based on the technology known as ToF Time of Flight
  • ToF Time of Flight
  • a low-power laser emitter with a wavelength of 940 nm having a grid of 16 ⁇ 16 sensors of the SPAD (Single Photon Avalanche Diode) type.
  • This grid allows to derive one or more distance measurements (which in turn are derived from a subset of adjacent SPADs with a minimum size of 4x4).
  • commercial sensors of this type are the VL53L1, VL53L3, VL53L5 models (and their submodels) manufactured by STMicroelectronics NV.
  • the dumpster 10 can also be equipped with a mechanized hatch 13 associated with an authentication system ID which uses per se conventional technologies, for example Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID), Near Field Communication (NFC), alphanumeric codes, bar codes, QR codes, and the like.
  • RFID Radio Frequency IDentification
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • alphanumeric codes bar codes
  • QR codes QR codes
  • the optical sensors 12 are distributed on a horizontal plane along longitudinal rows and transverse rows which are equally spaced by an interval d so as to form an array.
  • the optical sensors 12 may be incorporated into a plurality of electronic devices of the type described in EP3913336A1 in the name of the same Applicant, wherein each of the devices may include, for example, a longitudinal row of optical sensors 12.
  • control unit CU is programmed to:
  • the format information generated as above may be stored by the control unit CU for later retrieval by an operator, or (if the control unit CU is provided with a communication system) transmitted directly to a central unit (not shown), for example for the purpose of spot pricing.
  • the preset threshold values are numerical data that can be determined experimentally and normally will not correspond to the nominal volumes of the standard bags according to the classification adopted.
  • the threshold values converted to liters may be 19, 63, 120 and 184, respectively.
  • the density of sensors in relation to the chosen spatial distribution (which density, in the example described here, is directly correlated to the interval d between the longitudinal and transverse rows of sensors) is advantageously determined in a preliminary learning and calibration procedure which comprises the following steps:
  • the learning and calibration procedure provides for performing a first detection starting from an empty configuration of the dumpster ( Figure 4a ) and then, for each bag format, a series of successive detections by placing the bag S in different positions on the bottom 10a of the dumpster 10 ( Figures 4b and 4c ).
  • New measurements are then made with the bag in a raised position relative to the bottom 10a of the dumpster, for example on a platform 14 appropriately adapted for the purpose ( Figures 5a, 5b and 5c ).
  • a statistical distribution curve is derived for each bag format, for example a Gaussian curve ( Figures 6 and 7 ), and then the Gaussian curves related to the various formats are compared.
  • C d is a first coefficient comprised between 0.24 and 0.36
  • C r is a second coefficient comprised between 4.85 and 6.85.
  • d d is determined by calculating the value of F n for each pair of consecutive bags in terms of nominal volume (in the above example, the first pair is constituted by the 15-liter and 40-liter bags, the second pair is constituted by the 40-liter and 110-liter bags, and the third pair is constituted by the 110-liter and 220-liter bags) and then selecting the minimum value from those calculated.
  • V 2 is the nominal volume of the next largest bag with respect to the standard minimum format (40 liters in the example described above).
  • the interval d is normally comprised between 150 and 250 mm.
  • the standard minimum bag format is a datum that can be stored in the control unit CU for the purpose of the minimum charge to be attributed to delivered waste. That is to say, any waste with a volume smaller than the minimum standard format will still be treated as a minimum standard format bag.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to classify with high accuracy the format that is to be assigned to the delivered waste, minimizing the number of sensors (with consequent cost containment) and without making an accurate measurement of the actual volume of the waste.
  • the apparatus can be optimized on the basis of the specific classification adopted by the local administration, simply by varying the interval between the sensors.
  • connections between the sensors 12, the authentication system ID, and the control unit CU are provided by wireless technology, for example Bluetooth ® , simplifying both the installation and the adaptation of the arrangement of the sensors 12 on the basis of the classification adopted by the local administration.
  • the sensors could be distributed again on a flat array but spaced differently in the axial and transverse directions.
  • the sensors could have a spherical sector-like arrangement, in which the spacing between the sensors in the radial and/or angular direction can be varied during the learning and calibration procedure in order to optimize the operation of the system, as described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP23174604.1A 2022-05-27 2023-05-22 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur automatischen formatklassifizierung von abfall, der an einen mit sensoren ausgestatteten öffentlichen mülldeponier geliefert wird Pending EP4282780A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102022000011162A IT202200011162A1 (it) 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Metodo ed apparato per la classificazione automatica del formato di rifiuti conferiti in un cassonetto pubblico sensorizzato

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4282780A1 true EP4282780A1 (de) 2023-11-29

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EP23174604.1A Pending EP4282780A1 (de) 2022-05-27 2023-05-22 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur automatischen formatklassifizierung von abfall, der an einen mit sensoren ausgestatteten öffentlichen mülldeponier geliefert wird

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EP (1) EP4282780A1 (de)
IT (1) IT202200011162A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200011162A1 (it) 2022-05-27 2023-11-27 Adgenera Srl Metodo ed apparato per la classificazione automatica del formato di rifiuti conferiti in un cassonetto pubblico sensorizzato

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011058287A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Aenergis Sas Dispositif autonome de mesure telereleve d'un taux de remplissage d'un conteneur
EP2641851A1 (de) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-25 Gfeller-Informatik AG Intelligentes Füllstandsmeldegerät und -system
EP3256405A1 (de) * 2015-02-12 2017-12-20 Adgenera S.r.l. Hilfsvorrichtung für öffentliche mülldeponien zur steuerung der abfallmenge
WO2020100026A1 (en) * 2018-11-14 2020-05-22 Toffi, Roberta Apparatus and method for the delivery, quality checking and management of differentiated solid urban waste
EP3913336A1 (de) 2020-05-21 2021-11-24 Adgenera Srl Elektronische vorrichtung zur füllstandsmessung eines behälters, insbesondere für öffentliche müllbehälter und öffentliche abfallbehälter
IT202200011162A1 (it) 2022-05-27 2023-11-27 Adgenera Srl Metodo ed apparato per la classificazione automatica del formato di rifiuti conferiti in un cassonetto pubblico sensorizzato

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011058287A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Aenergis Sas Dispositif autonome de mesure telereleve d'un taux de remplissage d'un conteneur
EP2641851A1 (de) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-25 Gfeller-Informatik AG Intelligentes Füllstandsmeldegerät und -system
EP3256405A1 (de) * 2015-02-12 2017-12-20 Adgenera S.r.l. Hilfsvorrichtung für öffentliche mülldeponien zur steuerung der abfallmenge
WO2020100026A1 (en) * 2018-11-14 2020-05-22 Toffi, Roberta Apparatus and method for the delivery, quality checking and management of differentiated solid urban waste
EP3913336A1 (de) 2020-05-21 2021-11-24 Adgenera Srl Elektronische vorrichtung zur füllstandsmessung eines behälters, insbesondere für öffentliche müllbehälter und öffentliche abfallbehälter
IT202200011162A1 (it) 2022-05-27 2023-11-27 Adgenera Srl Metodo ed apparato per la classificazione automatica del formato di rifiuti conferiti in un cassonetto pubblico sensorizzato

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