EP4272300A1 - Système d'isolation d'encoche pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication d'un système d'isolation d'encoche - Google Patents

Système d'isolation d'encoche pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication d'un système d'isolation d'encoche

Info

Publication number
EP4272300A1
EP4272300A1 EP22706282.5A EP22706282A EP4272300A1 EP 4272300 A1 EP4272300 A1 EP 4272300A1 EP 22706282 A EP22706282 A EP 22706282A EP 4272300 A1 EP4272300 A1 EP 4272300A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slot
film
coil
insulated
insulation system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22706282.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Steffen Lang
Marek Maleika
Niels Müller
Florian Schemmel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Mobility GmbH filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP4272300A1 publication Critical patent/EP4272300A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/12—Impregnating, heating or drying of windings, stators, rotors or machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/10—Applying solid insulation to windings, stators or rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/30—Windings characterised by the insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H02K3/40—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation for high voltage, e.g. affording protection against corona discharges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a slot insulation system for an electrical rotating machine, in particular from a rated voltage of more than 700 volts.
  • the invention also relates to methods for producing such a slot insulation system.
  • Electric rotating machines e.g. B. Electric motors and generators of this type comprise a rotor which is surrounded by the stator.
  • the stator has a laminated core containing slots into which the electrical conductors are inserted in the form of coils or as individual bars that are welded or soldered to form coils. Two corresponding individual rods can be welded together to form a coil.
  • the electrical sub-conductors are insulated from each other in the coil, the coil is additionally provided with a main insulation made of insulating tape containing mica and finally, depending on the voltage level, optionally with a conductive outer and/or end corona protection, so that the surface of the coil is at the same potential how the laminated core is positioned.
  • This structure is also called an "orderly" winding, in contrast to the electrical rotating machines with wires in a "random" winding, which generally affect electrical rotating machines with a rated voltage of less than 700 volts.
  • an electrical coil is firmly fixed in the stator slot by means of a slot adhesive and/or by means of a slot spring (both are possible, in the case of single rod production) or by means of a resin, for example via global vacuum pressure impregnating - process, fixed.
  • a slot adhesive both are possible, in the case of single rod production
  • a slot spring both are possible, in the case of single rod production
  • a resin for example via global vacuum pressure impregnating - process
  • the individual rod production or individual coil production for example insulation produced in a single VPI "SVPI" process, is considered here before the completely insulated individual rod or coil is inserted into the slot of a laminated core.
  • FIG. 1 which shows the voltage profile, shows a comparison between an AGS-coated and a non-AGS-coated individual bar of a machine with a rated voltage greater than 4 kV.
  • AGS AGS-coated
  • Figure 1 shows the top of the laminated core 1 with grounding 2.
  • AGS 3 Located along the thick line on the main insulation 4 of a copper strand 5 is an external corona protection AGS 3, a coating with a specifically adjusted conductivity.
  • AGS 3 Located along the thick line on the main insulation 4 of a copper strand 5 is an external corona protection AGS 3, a coating with a specifically adjusted conductivity.
  • AGS 3 Located along the thick line on the main insulation 4 of a copper strand 5 is an external corona protection AGS 3, a coating with a specifically adjusted conductivity.
  • AGS 3 Located along the thick line on the main insulation 4 of a copper strand 5 is an external corona protection AGS 3, a coating with a specifically adjusted conductivity.
  • the main insulation 4 and the adjacent laminated core 1 are not at the same potential here, and discharges 7 occur in the air gap shown.
  • the ordered winding i.e. the conductor with partial conductor insulation, which consists of insulating tapes, is coated and/or wrapped with powder coating and/or other flat insulating materials and/or impregnated in the VPI process - see Figure 2 , which—like FIG. 1—shows the state of the art of a conventional slot filled with insulated single rod.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a filled slot 10 of a laminated core 1, as is known from FIG.
  • the example shown here is an isolation system as is common today in traction. It applies to rotating electrical machines with a rated voltage of approx. 4kV that do not require corona protection, which is why neither AGS nor EGS is shown here. From bottom to top, the following details can be seen in this view, which reflects the state of the art: At the bottom of the slot there is a slot base strip 11, also called “bottom strip”. The next arrow points to the very inside of the conductor area, where the copper layers of the sub-conductors 12. Sub-conductor insulation 13, which is formed by a thin winding strip, is located around each sub-conductor 12.
  • a separator element 14 is located between two defined combinations of sub-conductors 12.
  • a sub-conductor composite 12 with sub-conductor insulation 13 is held together by a mica tape 15.
  • This winding with mica tape 15 is surrounded by a cover tape, a so-called "top tape” 16.
  • Several bundles of partial conductors insulated from one another with corona protection tape 15 and top tape 16 are drawn into a slot together with a slot lining 17 .
  • a slot sealing strip 18 forms the upper end. Except for the slot base strip 11 and the shroud 16, FIG. 2 shows a fully insulated coil lying in a slot. Reference numerals 12 to 17 describe elements of an insulated coil.
  • a winding bar or a winding coil is individually insulated and - if necessary also provided with AGS - placed in a groove of a sheet metal package and then, if necessary, welded to the counterpart. Since these windings remain in the slot without subsequent full impregnation of the completely assembled machine, they are fixed in the slot either with a slot adhesive and/or - especially in the case of large electrical rotating machines - mechanically with a slot side spring.
  • the insulation systems of the insulated coils inserted in the slots are in no way limited to the winding concept described in FIG. Research is being carried out on suitable insulation systems using additive manufacturing, as well as coil insulation systems that can be sprayed and/or applied using powder coating. Insulated coils or insulated individual rods can therefore be wound with mica and impregnated with resin or with different surface coatings. These are completely isolated outside the groove.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is a slot insulation system of an electrical rotating machine, comprising a coil insulated at least with main insulation and/or a single rod insulated in this way for a coil, with a resin formulation forming the slot adhesive and as a solid film on the insulated coil, on the insulated Individual rod, at the bottom of the groove and/or on the flanks of the groove, such that the film is present at room temperature under normal conditions, in particular also normal pressure, in the A state and as a solid, in particular tack-free, film, so that by appropriate heating of the electrical rotating machine to the curing temperature, this film is first melted and flows inside the filled groove before it hardens and solidifies to form a duromer.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method for producing a slot insulation system comprising the following method steps:
  • a formulation for a slot adhesive comprising a resin, a catalyst, optionally a hardener, additive (e) and optionally electrically conductive fillers
  • the film first melts and runs before it hardens and solidifies into the duromer.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is a method for producing a slot insulation system comprising the following method steps:
  • a formulation for a slot adhesive comprising a resin, a solvent, a catalyst, optionally a hardener, additive (e) and optionally electrically conductive fillers
  • the film first melts and flows before it hardens into duromer and it solidifies.
  • an A-stage film as a surface coating, either a resin formulation for a powder paint or a resin formulation for a liquid paint is applied to the above surfaces of the insulated coil, the insulated single rod and/or the unfilled groove.
  • This solid, in particular non-drip and/or tack-free film then comprises a mixture of resin, hardener, additive(s), accelerator etc. and optionally electrically conductive fillers, with this mixture not yet being cured, ie reactive, so that it can still be melted and has no or hardly any crosslinked parts.
  • This is usually A-staged, although portions of the film may be B-staged, that is, partially crosslinked. Both in A-stage as well as in the B-stage such formulations can still be melted.
  • the film is applied and manufactured in the A-stage, it is strong, tack-free and/or drip-free and usually smooth.
  • the coil coated with film, at least partially, completely or not at all, or the corresponding individual rod, can be inserted into the internally coated, uncoated or partially coated groove, with no smearing of the formulation to be feared at the film-coated points, because the film is firm and smooth.
  • the film only hardens after the stator has been assembled and the electrical rotating machine has been connected, so that it first melts and then hardens to the C state of the duromer.
  • the C-stage of a duromer is the maximum achievable degree of crosslinking that can result from curing the film in the A-stage.
  • the solidified duromer can no longer be melted and is also no longer reactive.
  • duromer is distributed in the groove and around the coil before it hardens shows, for example, that the technical teaching disclosed here for the first time was used as a melt before hardening.
  • the application of the solid film is also much cleaner around the edges and edges of the groove and so there is less smeared excess groove adhesive on the laminated core according to the technique of the invention disclosed here than according to the prior art.
  • the formulation for forming the film comprises at least one resin, hardener or not depending on the form of polymerization, catalyst, additives and electrically conductive fillers.
  • the film has approximately the composition of the AGS coating.
  • an AGS coating of a coil insulated with main insulation and/or an individual rod before the inventive There is no coating with the solid film, and yet the coil is ultimately in the slot and completely as an insulated coil with AGS.
  • additives in particular those that have a rheological effect, are also added.
  • thickeners in particular so-called thickeners, binders and/or associative thickeners, have proven useful. These are linear or branched macromolecules such as sheet silicates, bentonites, hectorites or hydrated S1O2 particles. All additives that can be used in water-based coatings and paints, in particular anti-settling agents, anti-sagging agents, additives for spattering behavior, spattering tendency, etc.. Absorbents to prevent powders from becoming damp and clumping, etc.. can be used here. The respective selection depends on the composition of the formulation.
  • the “form of polymerisation” refers to whether it is a homopolymerisation or an addition polymerisation.
  • addition polymerisation an approximately stoichiometric amount of a hardener is provided, which is a reaction partner in the crosslinking or the hardening.
  • the film in the hardened state as a duromer has insulating properties and fixes the insulated coil in the groove of the laminated core. It is particularly advantageous that--see FIG. 2, which shows the prior art--a slot lining 17, which lies in the slot as surface insulation material, can be replaced by the slot adhesive.
  • the film in the cured state as a duromer has at least the same square resistance or a higher square resistance as an AGS, in particular a square resistance in the range from 1000 W to 1000,000 W (Ohm), in particular especially in the range from 1000 ⁇ to 10000 W.
  • the "square resistance” refers to the "area resistance” related to a square.
  • the sheet resistance describes the electrical resistance of an electrically conductive layer that is so thin that electric current only flows through it parallel to the layer, ie the current enters at one end face and exits at the opposite end face. Since the specific resistance "p" has the unit Qm, the unit of the surface resistance is identical to the unit W (Ohm) of the electrical resistance.
  • the film is applied as a wet paint. It is particularly advantageous if the film can be sprayed.
  • the resin in the formulation is selected, for example, from the group consisting of: epoxy, polyester, polyamide, novolak, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, siloxane, and/or acrylic resin, and any of these—if appropriate other components based on carbon and / or silicon - producible blends and / or copolymers.
  • the resin component is dissolved with the other components, some of which - just like the resin at room temperature/normal pressure - are in the form of a solid powder, i.e. optionally hardener, catalyst, additive(s), fillers, etc., in a solvent to produce the wet paint formulation , where at least the electrically conductive fillers are generally not soluble in any solvent that can be used to form a wet paint formulation.
  • This solution is then available as a wet paint formulation in a sprayable state and is then sprayed onto the - for example heated - substrate, which, as I said, can be a fully insulated coil, a fully insulated individual rod and/or a slot in a laminated core .
  • the solvent evaporates and the substrate remains, for example after it has cooled down again dry solid film that includes all the components for forming a duromer and can also be made electrically conductive by adding appropriate fillers.
  • the AGS on the main insulation of the coil can be completely replaced by the film or the resulting duromer, so that instead of an AGS on the main insulation of the insulated coil or the insulated individual rod, the solid one is made electrically conductive with conductive fillers Film is applied, which then, after curing, forms both the AGS of the coil and the fixation of the coil in the groove.
  • a substrate coated with the slot adhesive film - regardless of whether it is electrically conductive or not - is solid and tack-free at room temperature and therefore easy to handle i.e. the coil provided with the slot adhesive film in the A state or the individual rod coated in this way can be placed in the slot be drawn in or inserted without smearing, damaging the coating on the groove edges, etc.
  • the individual rods are then welded/soldered to form coils and these coils are then contacted and the electrical rotating machine can be hardened at elevated temperature, for example between 100° C. and 250° C., in the fully connected state. In this temperature range, the film in the A state, which is still solid and non-tacky at room temperature, first melts in the groove and/or on the spool.
  • the solid film in the A state becomes a duromer in the C state, which fixes the respective coil in the respective groove via its main insulation, its AGS and/or EGS.
  • the components resin, hardener, where necessary, catalyst, binder, additive (s) and electrically conductive fillers are mixed and stratified as a powder coating in the form of a powder coating or powder coating on the substrate, which again is an insulated coil, an insulated one zelstab and / or a groove inner surface, such as groove base, groove flank can be applied.
  • Powder painting or powder coating involves the application of a powder, the paint, via electrostatics to an electrically conductive substrate.
  • Powder painting or powder coating involves the application of a powder, the paint, to the grounded substrate via electrostatics.
  • the electrostatic charging of the powder particles can be generated by high voltage (corona charging) or friction (triboelectric or electrokinetic charging).
  • the powder paints used for powder coating generally contain dry granular particles ranging in size from Igm to IOOmih. Chemically, these are mostly based on epoxy or polyester resins, but also on the basis of poly amide, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride and/or acrylic, as well as any mixtures, blends and/or copolymers that can be produced therefrom, optionally with other components based on carbon and/or silicon.
  • Polyimide, polyetherimide, polyesterimide and/or siloxane can also be added as binders for powder coating, for example.
  • any desired dielectric filler for example based on silicon dioxide, in particular quartz, can be added to the slot adhesive in the form of wet paint or powder paint as a dielectrically insulating filler.
  • a carbon-based modification such as soot and/or graphite, but also graphene and/or carbon nanotubes, and/or a conductively doped metal oxide, such as tin oxide doped with antimony, can be used as the electrically conductive filler.
  • the geometry of the electrically conductive fillers is, for example, spherical and/or planar. A mixture of platelets and spheres is advantageous for contacting the fillers with one another.
  • the filler content can range between 1% by weight and 60% by weight, based on the dry substance of the paint.
  • the rest of the procedure corresponds to that of wet paint application; again, the coil and the individual rod are placed in the slot, if necessary welded and connected.
  • the finished rotating electrical machine is then post-cured at an elevated temperature, in turn at temperatures in the range between 100° C. and 250° C., for example, resulting in the duromer that fixes the coil in the slot.
  • the solid film then melts so that the duromer is distributed and then hardens to form a duromer molding that can no longer be melted.
  • Both the wet paint application by spraying and the powder coating can be carried out both manually and automatically.
  • the coil can be pressed into the groove very easily because the inside of the groove - if and where a film is provided - is smoother with the film coating and the sharp edges of the laminated core are covered with film.
  • the invention shows a slot insulation system for an electrical rotating machine containing a rotor and a stator, the stator in turn comprising a laminated core with coils in corresponding slots, the coils having an electrically conductive coating as external corona protection and the slots partially or completely having an electrically conductive coating have, which also forms the basis for the external corona protection of the coils.
  • the invention disclosed here for the first time provides a technique for producing an insulation system in which a reactive, non-crosslinked duromer in the A state is placed in the groove and/or on the coil as a solid film. In this way, the fixation of the completely insulated coil in the slot is improved, simplified, more cost-effectively and can be automated

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'isolation d'encoche pour des machines électriques tournantes telles que des moteurs et/ou des générateurs. L'invention concerne en outre deux procédés de fabrication d'un tel système d'isolation d'encoche. La présente invention propose pour la première fois une technique de fabrication d'un système d'isolation, selon laquelle un duromère non réticulé réactif, au stade A, est amené sous forme de film solide dans l'encoche et/ou sur la bobine. La fixation de la bobine complètement isolée dans l'encoche est ainsi améliorée, simplifiée, plus économique et automatisable.
EP22706282.5A 2021-02-22 2022-02-15 Système d'isolation d'encoche pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication d'un système d'isolation d'encoche Pending EP4272300A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021201666.9A DE102021201666A1 (de) 2021-02-22 2021-02-22 Nutisolationssystem für eine elektrische rotierende Maschine, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nutisolationssystems
PCT/EP2022/053675 WO2022175264A1 (fr) 2021-02-22 2022-02-15 Système d'isolation d'encoche pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication d'un système d'isolation d'encoche

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4272300A1 true EP4272300A1 (fr) 2023-11-08

Family

ID=80461283

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22706282.5A Pending EP4272300A1 (fr) 2021-02-22 2022-02-15 Système d'isolation d'encoche pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication d'un système d'isolation d'encoche

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240235346A9 (fr)
EP (1) EP4272300A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN116918226A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021201666A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022175264A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022202880A1 (de) * 2022-03-24 2023-09-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Pulverlackformulierung zur Isolation des Wickelkopfes einer elektrischen rotierenden Maschine
EP4447283A1 (fr) 2023-04-11 2024-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système d'isolation

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2115336A1 (de) 1971-03-30 1972-10-12 Licentia Gmbh Hartbares Isoliermaterial fur Nut auskleidung
US5623174A (en) * 1995-12-08 1997-04-22 General Electric Co. Internal grading of generator stator bars with electrically conducting thermoplastic paints
US6140733A (en) 1996-05-15 2000-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Conductor winding configuration for a large electrical machine
US6361632B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2002-03-26 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Method to increase compressive creep capabilities of high voltage coil insulation
US7812260B2 (en) 2007-09-25 2010-10-12 Siemens Energy, Inc. Electrical insulation tape with controlled bonding and resin impregnation properties
DE102009022628A1 (de) 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh Verfahren zur Modifizierung von Oberflächen
DK2582740T3 (en) 2010-06-15 2015-06-01 Basf Se APPLICATION OF CYCLIC CARBONATES IN EPOXID RESIN COMPOSITIONS
DE102011083228A1 (de) 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Isoliersysteme mit verbesserter Teilentladungsbeständigkeit, Verfahren zur Herstellung dazu
JP5861616B2 (ja) * 2012-11-14 2016-02-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 スロット絶縁紙
US10848027B2 (en) * 2016-11-17 2020-11-24 General Electric Company Electrical insulation systems and insulated components for electrical machine
DE102018202061A1 (de) * 2018-02-09 2019-08-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Isolation, elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Isolation
DE102018202058A1 (de) 2018-02-09 2019-08-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Formulierung zur Herstellung eines Isolationssystems, elektrische Maschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Isolationssystems
JP7043294B2 (ja) 2018-03-07 2022-03-29 本田技研工業株式会社 回転電機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102021201666A1 (de) 2022-08-25
US20240136900A1 (en) 2024-04-25
CN116918226A (zh) 2023-10-20
US20240235346A9 (en) 2024-07-11
WO2022175264A1 (fr) 2022-08-25

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