EP4267552A1 - Amides and solvent free method for their manufacture - Google Patents
Amides and solvent free method for their manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- EP4267552A1 EP4267552A1 EP21852073.2A EP21852073A EP4267552A1 EP 4267552 A1 EP4267552 A1 EP 4267552A1 EP 21852073 A EP21852073 A EP 21852073A EP 4267552 A1 EP4267552 A1 EP 4267552A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- amides
- aryl
- group
- amidine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 R3 is H Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000923 (C1-C30) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000320 amidine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229960001047 methyl salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920003226 polyurethane urea Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide Substances NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamidine Chemical compound NC=N PNKUSGQVOMIXLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005595 deprotonation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010537 deprotonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O FATBGEAMYMYZAF-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJKLEAOXCZIMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxyethanamine Chemical compound CCOC(CN)OCC HJKLEAOXCZIMPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPGMFPCRRLUBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxybenzoic acid;methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O.COC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GPGMFPCRRLUBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWYFPDXEIFBNKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-carboxybenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 WWYFPDXEIFBNKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QXSAKPUBHTZHKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QXSAKPUBHTZHKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Salicilamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O SKZKKFZAGNVIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003937 benzamidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012668 chain scission Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003948 formamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine group Chemical group NC(=N)N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013214 routine measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from compounds not provided for in groups C07C231/02 - C07C231/08
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C235/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
- C07C235/42—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C235/44—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C235/58—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms, bound in ortho-position to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C235/60—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups and singly-bound oxygen atoms, bound in ortho-position to carbon atoms of the same non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring having the nitrogen atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C257/00—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines
- C07C257/10—Compounds containing carboxyl groups, the doubly-bound oxygen atom of a carboxyl group being replaced by a doubly-bound nitrogen atom, this nitrogen atom not being further bound to an oxygen atom, e.g. imino-ethers, amidines with replacement of the other oxygen atom of the carboxyl group by nitrogen atoms, e.g. amidines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/06—Oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/22—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G77/26—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C08L101/025—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
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Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of amides, and more particularly to one pot manufacturing of amides.
- the present invention relates to a solvent free manufacturing of amides in a one-pot procedure.
- the products are formed in high yield and can be used in application areas such as components in paints, lacquers or polymer blends without further purification.
- Amidines and amides are among others useful components in coating formulations, as additives in thermoplastics and as components in flame retardants. Solvents and/or metal complex catalysts are frequently used in order to ensure safe and reliable manufacturing processes.
- WO 17105449 Al describes methods of synthesis of amidines, amidine-metal complexes, thin metal films formed using amidine-metal complexes on semiconductor devices, and semiconductor devices and systems with thin metal films formed using amidine-metal complexes.
- the synthesis comprises solvents.
- US 9988482 BB and EP 3131992 Bl disclose a catalyst containing at least one amidine or guanidine group, which is bound to a siloxane residue.
- the catalyst is liquid, odourless and suitable as a cross-linking catalyst for curable compositions, in particular for silane group-containing compositions. It is particularly good at accelerating the hardening of such compositions without impairing stability in storage, and displays little volatility but good compatibility.
- Lanthanum(lll)-trifiuoromethanesulfonate is used as metal complex catalyst in the synthesis of the catalyst containing an amidine group.
- KR 790000508 Bl discloses a process for the manufacture of N, N'-disubstituted amidines with anti-inflammatory activity. An imino-compound is reacted with amines in organic solvent.
- WO 2004/087124 discloses amidine compounds for treating schizophrenia. Manufacturing of such amidine compounds is feasible by condensation of amine with substituted formamide in a solvent.
- EP 2264012 Al discloses heteroarylamidines and their use in microorganisms control. A process for the preparation of the heteroarylamidines comprises the conversion of a heteroarylamine with either aminoacetal, amide or amine/orthoformate in solvent.
- DE 1267467 discloses the preparation of cyclic amidines by a condensation reaction of dicarboxylic acid semi-amide with diamine in hydrocarbon solvent.
- the cyclic amidines are useful as fuel additives and biocides.
- DE 2036181 discloses a method for the preparation of benzamidines wherein benziminochlorides are reacted with aromatic amines in an inert solvent.
- EP 0617054 Bl discloses amine functional polymers which are vinyl based terpolymers made up of randomly linked units with formamidine or formamidinium formate, formamide and either amine or ammonium formate as functional groups.
- the polymers are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90 °C to 175 °C, preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine.
- EP0919555A1 a process for preparing a bicyclic amidine by reacting a lactone and a diamine. Water formed during the elimination reaction is distilled from the reaction mixture together with a considerable excess of diamine, which acts as non-reacting solvent.
- W00078725 Al provides a process for preparing amidines starting from carboxylic acid derivatives, in which the carboxylic acid containing moiety is attached to a sp 3 -, or sp 2 - or sp- hybridized carbon atom.
- the sp 2 -hybridized carbon atom, to which the carboxylic acid containing moiety is attached to may be part of an aromatic or heteroaromatic or olefinic system.
- the process comprises use of solvent and purification of intermediates.
- EP2260078 Bl, WO 2006045713, EP 1740643 Bl, EP 1756202 Bl, EP 1943293 Bl and EP 3341339 Bl disclose methods for preparing polymers comprising siloxane.
- the methods comprise conversion of amine bound to hydrolysed siloxane with carboxylic acid derivates.
- Considerable amounts of solvent are used for lowering viscosity and removal of water or alcohol from elimination reactions.
- EP 1943293 Bl claims a hybrid polymer which is suitable as UV absorber.
- the disclosed data for the preparation of the UV-absorber shows that the product is a mixture of solvent, hybrid polymer with claimed amide structure and hybrid polymer with claimed amidine structure.
- the present invention is a.
- the present invention concerns amide as defined by claim 11.
- the present invention concerns the preparation of two amides from one amidine in a one-pot conversion. Neither the use of solvent nor the use of metal complex catalyst is mandatory.
- Amidines of formula (4a) or formula (4b) are used as starting materials. They may be prepared in a one-pot conversion without using solvents or metal complex catalysts.
- R 1 , R 2 and R4 independently from each other are selected from a group consisting of C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 5 -C 30 aryl, C 6 -C 30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH and optionally bound to one or more functional groups of formula (5)
- R 5 -R 7 are chosen among C 1 -C 8 alkoxy, C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 5 -C 30 aryl and C 6 -C 30 alkylated aryl,
- R 3 is H, C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 5 -C 30 aryl, C 6 -C 30 alkylated aryl where two of R 1 , R 2 and R4 may be covalently be bound to each other and form ring structures.
- the amidines of formula (4a) or formula (4b) are converted with a carboxylic acid of formula (10)
- R is selected from a group consisting of H, C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 5 -C 30 aryl, C 6 -C 30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH.
- Formula (14a) and formula (14b) show the corresponding amides which are formed by the conversion of amidines of formula (4a) and formula (4b) with a carboxylic acid R-COOH (formula (10)).
- Amidine prepared from siloxane functionalised monoamine and hydroxybenzoic acid and its conversion with fatty acid is shown below.
- amides which are not connected with a covalent bond are formed. Both amides are covalently bound to an hydrolysable silane.
- the hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane may still be negligible. Water formed during the amidine formation step is frequently evaporated too fast and a hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane does rarely occur.
- the fatty acid in the conversion shown above preferably reacts with the Si-OEt group instead of with the amidine group. Provided that no water is present in the reaction mixture a Si-OC(O)R and ethanol are formed and no conversion of the amidine group would happen. However small amounts of water, which are present under normal industrial conditions regenerate the fatty acid by hydrolysis and the amidine group can be converted to amides.
- the conversion depicted above is therefore not comprehensive, since the presence or addition of water is pre-assumed.
- the hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane may be at least partially performed by addition of a substance selected from the group consisting of water, water containing substances and water forming substances.
- Water containing substances may be selected from non-dried clay or water comprising metal salts, metal oxides, hydroxides or chlorides.
- Substances forming water may be selected from acids, alcohols, sugars or hydroxyl acids capable of intramolecular and/or intermolecular condensation reactions.
- At least two amidine groups may be covalently bound together as amidine dimer, trimer, tetramer, oligomer or polymer.
- amidines which can be polymerized by known means such as siloxane cross-linking or other types of cross-linking, which do not interfere with the presence of amidine groups.
- Amidine dimer, trimer, tetramer, oligomer or polymer can be converted with carboxylic acid R-COOH. Use of carboxylic acid R-COOH in a stoichiometric deficit related to the total amount of amidines will lead to a hydrogen bonding network comprising amides and amidines.
- Hydrogen bonding networks provide essential and demanded properties in polymer coatings and polymer blends such as barrier properties and recyclability.
- the carboxylic acid R-COOH may be provided by partial oxidative degradation or hydrolytic degradation of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, cellulose and lignin. Oxidative degradation frequently leads to chain scission in polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Oxidized carbon end-groups of cleaved polymer chains may comprise -COOH groups, which are suitable as carboxylic acid reactants according to the present invention. Similar is true for other polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, cellulose and lignin. Lignin is a naturally occurring polymer made by crosslinking of phenolic precursors. Oxidation, optionally combined with hydrolysis yields polymer material with -COOH groups, which are suitable as carboxylic acid reactants according to the present invention. Polyamides and polyesters are able to form -COOH groups when submitted to hydrolytic degradation conditions.
- Amides prepared according to the present invention have preferably a molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mole, more preferred at least 1500 g/mole and most preferred at least 2000 g/mole. Their role and use in polymer coatings and polymer blends is highly appreciated at these molecular weights due to easy handling and processing.
- Amide according to the present invention may be represented by the dimer of formula (9a) or the polymer of (9b) wherein n is an integer of 8-200, R 1 -R 5 is H or OH, R 6 is C 1 -C 30 alkyl, C 5 -C 30 aryl, C 6 -C 30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms chosen among the group of 0, S and NH.
- Amide as manufactured according to the present invention may in bulk form intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
- the influence of hydrogen bonds on crystallisation behaviour is known from block copolymers such as polyurethaneurea (PUU) block copolymers.
- PUU block copolymers are made up of soft segments based on polyether or polyester and hard segments based on the reaction of diisocyanate and diamine extender. They can be divided into polyether- and polyester-based PUU depending on the soft segments used. Polyester-based PUU have stronger hydrogen bonds between hard and soft segments for phase mixing than polyether-based PUU.
- the molecular weight of the amidine or amide is preferably at least 1000 g/mole, more preferred at least 1500 g/mole and most preferred at least 2000 g/mole.
- Salicylamidine Preparation of salicylamidine from methyl salicylate and ethylene diamine. Water and methanol are distilled off Salicylamidine has strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the phenolic HO-group and the amidine group. The molecular structure is about plane and easily crystallizing due to the intramolecular hydrogen bonds.
- N-(2-N'-propylamidoethyl)salicylic amide has strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the phenolic HO-group and the amide groups. 2 moles of freshly prepared salicylamidine are at around 150 °C and prior to its crystallization mixed with 2 moles of propionic acid. After initial turbidity, a clear, slightly yellow product is obtained after heating to 190 °C under stirring. No distillate of propionic acid (boiling point
- N-(2-N'-propylamidoethyl)salicylic amide is not easily crystallizing due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. However wires of 100-500 pm diameter and several tenths of centimetre can be easily drawn. This is a strong indication for the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
- Example 3 The reactions in example 1 and example 2 have been characterized by measurement of pH values. 0.1 moles of each mixture of starting materials and each product have been dispersed or dissolved in 100 ml of water by high shear mixing. The obtained dispersions or solutions have been directly measured with a calibrated pH electrode. Table 1 shows the measured pH values and an explanation for the measured pH values on the base of the expected chemical structures of starting materials and products.
- Table 1 pH values and explanation pH measurement clearly indicates an about quantitative conversion from amine to amidine and finally to amide.
- a polymeric amide is formed with alternating groups of 4-hydroxybenzoic amid and oleic amide on a propylenesiloxane core.
- the product is insoluble in water. However, after deprotonation of 40 molepercentage of the hydroxyl groups with NaOH a homogenous easy flowing mixture with water is obtained.
- the pH value of the mixture is 10.0.
- the dry content of the mixture measured as loss on dry at 120 °C is 60% w/w.
- a polymeric amide is formed with alternating groups of 2-hydroxybenzoic amid and oleic amide on a propylenesiloxane core.
- the product is insoluble in water. However, after deprotonation of 40 mole% of the hydroxyl groups with NaOH a homogenous easy flowing mixture with water is obtained. The pH value of the mixture is 9.6. The dry content of the mixture measured as loss on dry at 120 °C is 58% w/w.
- Packaging type cardboard (ca. 300 g/m 2 ) has been coated with amidines obtained in Example 4 and 5 (Amidine Ex4, Ex5) and the corresponding amides (Amide Ex4, Ex5) and subjected to flame testing.
- the cardboard samples are about 8 cm in width and 20 cm in length. They are coated by brushing two times on the front side, which is exposed to the flame and one time on the backside. Drying has been performed for 10 min in an air stream at 80°C.
- Table 2 Weight of burning test samples before and after fire test
- N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane 1 mole of N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane is introduced in a 1000 ml 3-necked reaction flask and heated to 80 °C under stirring. 10 g of clay (montmorillonite K-10, Aldrich) is added. Thereafter 1 mole of methyl salicylate is added within 5-10 minutes. Heating is increased and the reaction mixture becomes clear at 120 °C. The reaction mixture is slowly heated to 180 °C and about 50 g of distillate is collected. A transparent and slightly viscous amidine is obtained.
- clay montmorillonite K-10, Aldrich
- methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate provides products in which intramolecular hydrogen bonds are not possible. This is in contrast to the use of methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (methyl salicylate) in example 1 where intramolecular hydrogen bonds dominate in the product.
- methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate methyl salicylate
- the absence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds leads in this case to the stronger presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
- the melting behaviour and feasibility of drawing wires from molten product can be explained by the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
- the extreme temperature stability of example 8c in combination with a melting range comparable to thermoplastic resins reflects the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, too.
Abstract
Method for the preparation of two amides from one amidine in a one-pot conversion, where amides of formula (I) or formula (II) are formed. Formula (Ia) and Formula (Ib) Fornula (IIa) and Formula (IIb).Obtained amides and their useful applications are contemplated.
Description
Amides and solvent free method for their manufacture
The present invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of amides, and more particularly to one pot manufacturing of amides. The present invention relates to a solvent free manufacturing of amides in a one-pot procedure. The products are formed in high yield and can be used in application areas such as components in paints, lacquers or polymer blends without further purification.
Background
Amidines and amides are among others useful components in coating formulations, as additives in thermoplastics and as components in flame retardants. Solvents and/or metal complex catalysts are frequently used in order to ensure safe and reliable manufacturing processes.
WO 17105449 Al describes methods of synthesis of amidines, amidine-metal complexes, thin metal films formed using amidine-metal complexes on semiconductor devices, and semiconductor devices and systems with thin metal films formed using amidine-metal complexes. The synthesis comprises solvents.
US 9988482 BB and EP 3131992 Bl disclose a catalyst containing at least one amidine or guanidine group, which is bound to a siloxane residue. At room temperature, the catalyst is liquid, odourless and suitable as a cross-linking catalyst for curable compositions, in particular for silane group-containing compositions. It is particularly good at accelerating the hardening of such compositions without impairing stability in storage, and displays little volatility but good compatibility. Lanthanum(lll)-trifiuoromethanesulfonate is used as metal complex catalyst in the synthesis of the catalyst containing an amidine group.
KR 790000508 Bl discloses a process for the manufacture of N, N'-disubstituted amidines with anti-inflammatory activity. An imino-compound is reacted with amines in organic solvent.
WO 2004/087124 discloses amidine compounds for treating schizophrenia. Manufacturing of such amidine compounds is feasible by condensation of amine with substituted formamide in a solvent.
EP 2264012 Al discloses heteroarylamidines and their use in microorganisms control. A process for the preparation of the heteroarylamidines comprises the conversion of a heteroarylamine with either aminoacetal, amide or amine/orthoformate in solvent.
DE 1267467 discloses the preparation of cyclic amidines by a condensation reaction of dicarboxylic acid semi-amide with diamine in hydrocarbon solvent. The cyclic amidines are useful as fuel additives and biocides.
DE 2036181 discloses a method for the preparation of benzamidines wherein benziminochlorides are reacted with aromatic amines in an inert solvent.
DE 2256755 Al discloses a method for preparation of amidines by reacting silylated amides or lactams with ammonia or amines. Mercury, tin, zinc and titanium chloride are used as catalyst and toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene and anisole as solvent.
EP 0617054 Bl discloses amine functional polymers which are vinyl based terpolymers made up of randomly linked units with formamidine or formamidinium formate, formamide and either amine or ammonium formate as functional groups. The polymers are prepared by aqueous hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) at a temperature in the range of 90 °C to 175 °C, preferably in the presence of a minor amount of ammonia or volatile amine.
EP0919555A1 a process for preparing a bicyclic amidine by reacting a lactone and a diamine. Water formed during the elimination reaction is distilled from the reaction mixture together with a considerable excess of diamine, which acts as non-reacting solvent.
W00078725 Al provides a process for preparing amidines starting from carboxylic acid derivatives, in which the carboxylic acid containing moiety is attached to a sp3-, or sp2- or sp- hybridized carbon atom. The sp2-hybridized carbon atom, to which the carboxylic acid containing moiety is attached to may be part of an aromatic or heteroaromatic or olefinic system. The process comprises use of solvent and purification of intermediates.
EP2260078 Bl, WO 2006045713, EP 1740643 Bl, EP 1756202 Bl, EP 1943293 Bl and EP 3341339 Bl disclose methods for preparing polymers comprising siloxane. The methods comprise conversion of amine bound to hydrolysed siloxane with carboxylic acid derivates. Considerable amounts of solvent are used for lowering viscosity and removal of water or alcohol from
elimination reactions. EP 1943293 Bl claims a hybrid polymer which is suitable as UV absorber. The disclosed data for the preparation of the UV-absorber shows that the product is a mixture of solvent, hybrid polymer with claimed amide structure and hybrid polymer with claimed amidine structure.
None of the prior art discloses methods for the preparation of amides from amidines without using solvents and/or metal complex catalysts. Products manufactured by these methods require frequently purification from solvents and catalyst residue. Stripping and recrystallization may be applied. Apart from its negative environmental impact such purification is time consuming and costly. Hence, the useful industrial application of such products is frequently impaired. There are many different methods to prepare amides from amines and carboxylic acids or carboxylic acid derivatives by using catalysts, azeotropic distillation, and water binding means. There is still a need for methods for manufacturing of amides from amidines without using solvents and/or metal complex catalysts.
Objects
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparation of amides from amidines, in which neither the use of solvent nor the use of metal complex catalyst is mandatory. It is a further object to provide amides, which essentially are free of solvent residues and metal complex catalyst residues without a need of post-reactor purification.
The present invention
The above mentioned objects are achieved by a method as defined in claim 1.
According to another aspect, the present invention concerns amide as defined by claim 11.
Yet another aspect the present invention concerns use of the products as defined by claim 14. Preferred embodiments of the different aspects of the invention are disclosed by the dependent claims.
The present invention concerns the preparation of two amides from one amidine in a one-pot conversion. Neither the use of solvent nor the use of metal complex catalyst is mandatory.
Amidines of formula (4a) or formula (4b) are used as starting materials. They may be prepared in a one-pot conversion without using solvents or metal complex catalysts.
(4b).
R1, R2 and R4 independently from each other are selected from a group consisting of C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH and optionally bound to one or more functional groups of formula (5)
R5-R7 are chosen among C1-C8 alkoxy, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl and C6-C30 alkylated aryl,
R3 is H, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl where two of R1, R2 and R4 may be covalently be bound to each other and form ring structures. The amidines of formula (4a) or formula (4b) are converted with a carboxylic acid of formula (10)
R-COOH (10).
R is selected from a group consisting of H, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH. Formula (14a) and formula (14b) show the corresponding amides which are formed by the conversion of amidines of formula (4a) and formula (4b) with a carboxylic acid R-COOH (formula (10)).
A mechanism is shown below. Solvent free prepared amidine is converted with a carboxylic acid in order to obtain two amides per amidine group.
Conversion of methyl salicylate with ethylene diamine to a salicylamidine. Water and methanol are distilled off.
Conversion of the salicylamidine with propionic acid to an intermediate
The final diamide as product of the conversion of the salicylamidine with propionic acid
Two of the residues R1, R2 or R4 connected to the amidine are covalently bound to each other and form a 5-membered ring. Thus, the two amide groups formed by the conversion above are covalently bound to each other, too.
Amidine prepared from siloxane functionalised monoamine and hydroxybenzoic acid and its conversion with fatty acid is shown below.
Conversion of amidine with fatty acid
To separate amides, which are not connected with a covalent bond are formed. Both amides are covalently bound to an hydrolysable silane. After the amidine formation step and at the end of the conversion shown above, the hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane may still be negligible. Water formed during the amidine formation step is frequently evaporated too fast and a hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane does rarely occur. In fact the fatty acid in the conversion shown above preferably reacts with the Si-OEt group instead of with the amidine group. Provided that no water is present in the reaction mixture a Si-OC(O)R and ethanol are formed and no conversion of the amidine group would happen. However small amounts of water, which are present under normal industrial conditions regenerate the fatty acid by hydrolysis and the amidine group can be converted to amides. The conversion depicted above is therefore not comprehensive, since the presence or addition of water is pre-assumed.
At the end of the conversion shown above, the hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silane may be at least partially performed by addition of a substance selected from the group consisting of water,
water containing substances and water forming substances. Water containing substances may be selected from non-dried clay or water comprising metal salts, metal oxides, hydroxides or chlorides. Substances forming water may be selected from acids, alcohols, sugars or hydroxyl acids capable of intramolecular and/or intermolecular condensation reactions.
At least two amidine groups may be covalently bound together as amidine dimer, trimer, tetramer, oligomer or polymer. Examples are amidines, which can be polymerized by known means such as siloxane cross-linking or other types of cross-linking, which do not interfere with the presence of amidine groups. Amidine dimer, trimer, tetramer, oligomer or polymer can be converted with carboxylic acid R-COOH. Use of carboxylic acid R-COOH in a stoichiometric deficit related to the total amount of amidines will lead to a hydrogen bonding network comprising amides and amidines. Of special interest are such hydrogen bonding networks when R and/or R1- R4 comprise hydroxyaromatic groups, which will form an extended hydrogen bonding network including the hydroxyaromatic groups. Hydrogen bonding networks provide essential and demanded properties in polymer coatings and polymer blends such as barrier properties and recyclability.
The carboxylic acid R-COOH may be provided by partial oxidative degradation or hydrolytic degradation of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, cellulose and lignin. Oxidative degradation frequently leads to chain scission in polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Oxidized carbon end-groups of cleaved polymer chains may comprise -COOH groups, which are suitable as carboxylic acid reactants according to the present invention. Similar is true for other polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, cellulose and lignin. Lignin is a naturally occurring polymer made by crosslinking of phenolic precursors. Oxidation, optionally combined with hydrolysis yields polymer material with -COOH groups, which are suitable as carboxylic acid reactants according to the present invention. Polyamides and polyesters are able to form -COOH groups when submitted to hydrolytic degradation conditions.
Amides prepared according to the present invention have preferably a molecular weight of at least 1000 g/mole, more preferred at least 1500 g/mole and most preferred at least 2000 g/mole. Their role and use in polymer coatings and polymer blends is highly appreciated at these molecular weights due to easy handling and processing.
Amide according to the present invention may be represented by the dimer of formula (9a) or the polymer of (9b)
wherein n is an integer of 8-200, R1-R5 is H or OH, R6 is C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms chosen among the group of 0, S and NH. Amide as manufactured according to the present invention may in bulk form intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The influence of hydrogen bonds on crystallisation behaviour is known from block copolymers such as polyurethaneurea (PUU) block copolymers. PUU block copolymers are made up of soft segments based on polyether or polyester and hard segments based on the reaction of diisocyanate and diamine extender. They can be divided into polyether- and polyester-based PUU depending on the soft segments used. Polyester-based PUU have stronger hydrogen bonds between hard and soft segments for phase mixing than polyether-based PUU.
The hydrogen bonds cause an increased cohesion between the hard and soft segments with increasing hard segment contents, and higher hard-soft segment mixing present in these systems may also prevent the crystallization of the soft segments (Hydrogen bonding and crystallization behaviour: Xiu Yuying et al. POLYMER, 1992, Volume 33, Number 6).
Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between amides may have a major influence on the crystallisation behaviour of these amidines or amides. The amorphous parts in amides will increase. Amorphous domains in the solidified amides are likely to withhold solvent residues and
metal complex catalysts. As a result, a post-reactor purification by recrystallization or stripping might be impaired. It is therefore a considerable advantage of the present invention to provide a safe and convenient high yield method for the preparation of solvent free and metal complex catalyst free amides from amidines.
It is expected that the influence of hydrogen bonds increases with increasing molecular weight of the amidine or amide. In a ninth embodiment the molecular weight of the amidine or amide is preferably at least 1000 g/mole, more preferred at least 1500 g/mole and most preferred at least 2000 g/mole.
Examples to support the patent claims
Example 1:
Preparation of salicylamidine from methyl salicylate and ethylene diamine. Water and methanol are distilled off Salicylamidine has strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the phenolic HO-group and the amidine group. The molecular structure is about plane and easily crystallizing due to the intramolecular hydrogen bonds.
2 moles of diethylene amine (is introduced in a 1000 ml 3-necked reaction flask and mixed with 2 moles of methyl salicylate. A clear solution is obtained at room temperature. The mixture is heated to 180 °C under stirring and about 100 g of distillate is collected. A clear slightly yellow and product is obtained. Melting range is 200 °C - 205 °C.
Example 2:
Preparation of N-(2-N'-propylamidoethyl)salicylic amide from salicylamidine and propionic acid.
N-(2-N'-propylamidoethyl)salicylic amide has strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the phenolic HO-group and the amide groups.
2 moles of freshly prepared salicylamidine are at around 150 °C and prior to its crystallization mixed with 2 moles of propionic acid. After initial turbidity, a clear, slightly yellow product is obtained after heating to 190 °C under stirring. No distillate of propionic acid (boiling point
141 °C) is collected. Melting range is 85 °C - 88 °C. N-(2-N'-propylamidoethyl)salicylic amide is not easily crystallizing due to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. However wires of 100-500 pm diameter and several tenths of centimetre can be easily drawn. This is a strong indication for the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
Example 3: The reactions in example 1 and example 2 have been characterized by measurement of pH values. 0.1 moles of each mixture of starting materials and each product have been dispersed or dissolved in 100 ml of water by high shear mixing. The obtained dispersions or solutions have been directly measured with a calibrated pH electrode. Table 1 shows the measured pH values and an explanation for the measured pH values on the base of the expected chemical structures of starting materials and products.
Table 1: pH values and explanation
pH measurement clearly indicates an about quantitative conversion from amine to amidine and finally to amide.
1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FT-IR data have been evaluated as a support for the obtained amidines.
However hydrogen bonds and along with them sample concentration, pH-value, necessary solvents for sample preparation and temperature have a considerable influence on peak shape and position. Data from routine measurements are therefore no reliable proof or dis-proof of the formation of amidines. Reliable 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FT-IR data have to be based on a comprehensive scientific work on sample preparation, sample measuring and interpretation of spectra. This would exceed the scope of examples in a patent application. However such work is very welcome and will surely give valuable insights and probably contribute to new inventions.
Example 4:
Preparation amidines from an amine, which is covalently bound to hydrolysable silane and 4- hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester
2 moles of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane are introduced in a 1000 ml 3-necked reaction flask and heated to 80 °C under stirring. 1 mole of 4-hydroxymethyl benzoate is added as powder within 5- 10 minutes. Heating is increased and the reaction mixture becomes clear at 120 °C. The reaction mixture is slowly heated to 180 °C and about 50 g of distillate is collected. A clear colourless and slightly viscous amidine is obtained.
After cooling to 60 °C 3 moles of H2O are added under vigorous stirring within 10-20 minutes. A clear product with reduced viscosity is obtained.
0.5 mole oleic acid are added and the mixture with initial turbidity becomes clear upon heating to 180 °C. A polymeric amide is formed with alternating groups of 4-hydroxybenzoic amid and oleic amide on a propylenesiloxane core.
The product is insoluble in water. However, after deprotonation of 40 molepercentage of the hydroxyl groups with NaOH a homogenous easy flowing mixture with water is obtained. The pH value of the mixture is 10.0. The dry content of the mixture measured as loss on dry at 120 °C is 60% w/w.
Example 5:
Preparation amidines from an amine, which is covalently bound to hydrolysable silane and methyl salicylate
1 mole of N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane is introduced in a 1000 ml 3-necked reaction flask and heated to 80 °C under stirring. 1 mole of methyl salicylate is added within 5-10 minutes. Heating is increased and the reaction mixture becomes clear at 120 °C. The reaction
mixture is slowly heated to 180 °C and about 50 g of distillate is collected. A clear colourless and slightly viscous amidine is obtained.
After cooling to 60 °C 3 moles of H2O are added under vigorous stirring within 10-20 minutes. A clear product with reduced viscosity is obtained.
0.5 mole oleic acid are added and the mixture with initial turbidity becomes clear upon heating to 180 °C. A polymeric amide is formed with alternating groups of 2-hydroxybenzoic amid and oleic amide on a propylenesiloxane core.
The product is insoluble in water. However, after deprotonation of 40 mole% of the hydroxyl groups with NaOH a homogenous easy flowing mixture with water is obtained. The pH value of the mixture is 9.6. The dry content of the mixture measured as loss on dry at 120 °C is 58% w/w.
Example 6
Burning test of cardboard
Packaging type cardboard (ca. 300 g/m2) has been coated with amidines obtained in Example 4 and 5 (Amidine Ex4, Ex5) and the corresponding amides (Amide Ex4, Ex5) and subjected to flame testing. The cardboard samples are about 8 cm in width and 20 cm in length. They are coated by brushing two times on the front side, which is exposed to the flame and one time on the backside. Drying has been performed for 10 min in an air stream at 80°C.
Flame: butane lighter with about 20 mm flame, top of flame in contact with cardboard sample for 60 seconds.
Table 2: Weight of burning test samples before and after fire test
A clear difference between the uncoated reference and the amidine coated samples has been found. The amidine-coated samples were self-extinguishing within 5 seconds after removal of the butane flame and showed a maximum flame height of 5 cm. The amidine-coated samples are suitable as flame retardant coatings. The amide-coated samples do not show a significant flame retardancy compared to the uncoated cardboard. The burning test results indicate a more or less quantitative conversion of amidine to amide.
Example 7
Preparation of amidines from an amine, which is covalently bound to hydrolysable silane and methyl salicylate in the presence of clay
1 mole of N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane is introduced in a 1000 ml 3-necked reaction flask and heated to 80 °C under stirring. 10 g of clay (montmorillonite K-10, Aldrich) is added. Thereafter 1 mole of methyl salicylate is added within 5-10 minutes. Heating is increased and the reaction mixture becomes clear at 120 °C. The reaction mixture is slowly heated to 180 °C and about 50 g of distillate is collected. A transparent and slightly viscous amidine is obtained.
Example 8
Preparation of amidines and amides with methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate as carboxylic acid derivative
Two amidines and two amides thereof have been prepared similar to the procedures in example
1 and example 2. Starting materials, melting range and observations are shown in table 3.
Table 3:
The use of methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate provides products in which intramolecular hydrogen bonds are not possible. This is in contrast to the use of methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (methyl salicylate) in example 1 where intramolecular hydrogen bonds dominate in the product. The absence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds leads in this case to the stronger presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The melting behaviour and feasibility of drawing wires from molten product can be explained by the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
The extreme temperature stability of example 8c in combination with a melting range comparable to thermoplastic resins reflects the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds, too.
Claims
1. Method for the preparation of two amides from one amidine in a one-pot conversion, where neither the use of solvent nor the use of metal complex catalyst is mandatory, characterized in that amidines of formula (4a) or formula (4b)
where R1, R2 and R4 independently from each other are selected from a group consisting of C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH and optionally bound to one or more functional groups of formula (2)
where R5-R7 are chosen among C1-C8 alkoxy, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl and C6-C30 alkylated aryl,
R3 is H, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl where two of R1, R2 and R4 may be covalently be bound to each other and form ring structures, are converted with a carboxylic acid of formula (10)
R-COOH (10) where R is selected from a group consisting of H, C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of 0, S and NH, and the corresponding amides of formula (14a) or formula (14b) are formed
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two of R1, R2 or R4 are covalently bound to each other.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the amides of formula (14a) or formula (14b) is covalently bound to an at least partially hydrolysable silane.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that hydrolysis of the at least partially hydrolysable silane is negligible prior to the conversion with the carboxylic acid of formula (10).
5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the hydrolysis of the at least partially hydrolysable silane is negligible after the formation of the amides of formula (14a) or formula (14b).
6. The method according to claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the hydrolysis of the at least partially hydrolysable silane is at least partially performed after the formation of the amides of formula (14a) or formula (14b) by addition of a substance selected from the group consisting of water, water containing substances and water forming substances.
7. The method according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least two amidine groups are covalently bound together as amidine dimer, trimer, tetramer, oligomer or polymer, which are converted with a carboxylic acid R-COOH.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the amount of carboxylic acid R-COOH is used in a stoichiometric deficit related to the total amount of amidines.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the prepared amides together with hydroxyaromatic groups comprised of R and/or R1-R4 and optionally not converted amidine groups form a hydrogen bonding network.
10. The method according to any one of the previous claims, characterized in that the carboxylic acid R-COOH is provided by partial oxidative degradation or hydrolytic degradation of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyester, cellulose and lignin.
11. Amide as manufactured according to the method of any of claims 1-10.
12. Amide according to claim 11, characterized in that the molecular weight of the amide is preferably at least 1000 g/mole, more preferred at least 1500 g/mole and most preferred at least 2000 g/mole.
13. Amide according to claim 11-13, characterized in that it is represented by the dimer of formula (9a) or the polymer of (9b)
wherein n is an integer of 8-200, R1-R5 is H or OH, R6 is C1-C30 alkyl, C5-C30 aryl, C6-C30 alkylated aryl and optionally interrupted by heteroatoms chosen among the group of 0, S and NH.
14. Use of amide according to claim 11-13 as component in polymer coatings or blends.
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NO20201432A NO346598B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Method for the preparation of amidines and amide manufactured by the method |
PCT/NO2021/050282 WO2022139594A1 (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Amides and solvent free method for their manufacture |
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KR790000508B1 (en) | 1974-07-27 | 1979-05-29 | Tooyo Ccoocoo Co Ltd | Process for preparation of n,n'-disubstituted amidines |
US5075337A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-12-24 | G. D. Searle & Co. | Alpha-deuterated 2-alkylaminoacetamide derivatives having reduced toxicity for treatment of CNS disorders |
US5019610A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1991-05-28 | Sherex Chemical Company, Inc. | Process for the production of polymer-modified asphalts and asphalts emulsions |
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DE19752935A1 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 1999-06-02 | Basf Ag | Process for the preparation of bicyclic amidines, diazacycloalkenes and a process for their preparation |
JP2002538259A (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2002-11-12 | イーストマン ケミカル カンパニー | Polyamide / emulsion polymer blend |
GB2351082A (en) | 1999-06-18 | 2000-12-20 | Lilly Forschung Gmbh | Synthesis of Cyclic Substituted Amidines |
CN100410278C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2008-08-13 | 特拉华特威德·格林公司 | Bisaminophenyl-based curatives and amidine-based curatives and cure accelerators for perfluoroelastomeric compositions |
WO2004087124A1 (en) | 2003-03-29 | 2004-10-14 | Mitsubishi Pharma Corporation | Compounds having serotonin 5-ht17 receptor antagonist activity and muscarinic m4 receptor agonist activity and their use in the treatment of psychotic disorders |
NO322777B1 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2006-12-11 | Sinvent As | Poly branched organic / inorganic hybrid polymer, process for its preparation and use of the same |
NO322724B1 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2006-12-04 | Sinvent As | Process for preparing polybranched organic / inorganic hybrid polymer |
US7166680B2 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2007-01-23 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Blends of poly(ester amide) polymers |
EP1805255A1 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2007-07-11 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Functionalized nanoparticles |
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NO328788B1 (en) | 2008-03-14 | 2010-05-18 | Jotun As | Binder for air drying paint |
EP2264012A1 (en) | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-22 | Bayer CropScience AG | Heteroarylamidines and their use as fungicides |
ES2652324T3 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2018-02-01 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Formamides modified with silanes |
WO2015158860A1 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | Sika Technology Ag | Rapid-curing, migration-free composition based on polymers containing silane groups |
CN106232576B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2019-03-01 | Sika技术股份公司 | Containing amidino groups or containing the silane of guanidine radicals |
CN106573234B (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2020-08-04 | Sika技术股份公司 | Crosslinking catalysts having siloxane structural units |
EP3341339B1 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2019-07-24 | Funzionano AS | Method for manufacturing a surface-treated particulate inorganic material |
WO2017105449A1 (en) | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Intel Corporation | Amidine ligands |
CN106087413A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 王璐 | A kind of digit printing garment material multifunctional antibiotic flame retardant coating |
KR101814176B1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | 베로니카 김 | Cross-linked polysilsesquioxane random copolymer absorbing both uv a and uv b rays and method for manufacturing thereof |
CN110078642B (en) | 2019-05-30 | 2021-12-31 | 华侨大学 | Application of chlorodifluoromethane as C1 source in synthesis of amidine compounds |
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