EP4256234A1 - Infrared radiation emitter - Google Patents

Infrared radiation emitter

Info

Publication number
EP4256234A1
EP4256234A1 EP21816457.2A EP21816457A EP4256234A1 EP 4256234 A1 EP4256234 A1 EP 4256234A1 EP 21816457 A EP21816457 A EP 21816457A EP 4256234 A1 EP4256234 A1 EP 4256234A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
screen
transmitter
prisms
main surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21816457.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
James FARINHA
Philippe ARNOUTS
Nicolas Even
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solaronics SAS
Original Assignee
Solaronics SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solaronics SAS filed Critical Solaronics SAS
Publication of EP4256234A1 publication Critical patent/EP4256234A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/147—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with perforated plates as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/16—Radiant burners using permeable blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F23D2203/1023—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates with specific free passage areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/104—Grids, e.g. honeycomb grids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/105—Porous plates
    • F23D2203/1055—Porous plates with a specific void range
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of infrared radiation emitters, and in particular gas-heated emitters.
  • Such screens can thus be formed by ceramic rods mounted in parallel, in the same plane, at a distance from each other.
  • such screens can be formed by a set of metal wires crisscrossed or woven together.
  • a mesh material to form the screen of a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter.
  • Such mesh materials can be designated by materials with a lattice structure, or even by materials with a lattice structure.
  • Such materials have in particular a geometric spatial organization.
  • the structure of such materials corresponds to the repetition, in the three directions of space, of the same elementary geometric pattern (mesh or cell), preferably in three dimensions.
  • such materials may have a structure forming the edges of the patterns (or meshes or cells) repeated in a three-dimensional network.
  • Such mesh materials have recently proved interesting for replacing the traditional screens of infrared radiation emitters, in particular because of their efficiency.
  • An infrared radiation emitter comprising such a mesh material as a screen is described in particular in document WO 2017/156440.
  • the present invention aims to solve the various technical problems mentioned above.
  • the present invention thus aims to provide a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter, having a short temperature rise time, an operating stability comparable to traditional emitters, and an efficiency greater than or equal to that of traditional emitters.
  • the present invention thus aims to propose a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter with a screen formed by a specific structure making it possible to obtain improved operation, in particular during ignition.
  • a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter comprising at least one radiating screen, for example made of ceramic and/or metal, in the form of at least one plate comprising:
  • each prism being defined by a polygonal base and by an axis, in which the prisms are juxtaposed together so that their polygonal bases form a tiling of at least part of the lower and upper main surfaces of said plate.
  • the term "prism” means shapes or outlines delimited by two polygons, for example identical, called the polygonal bases of the prism, the two polygons being interconnected by parallelograms.
  • the term "axis of the prism” means the direction connecting the two polygonal bases of the prism to each other. In the case where the polygonal bases of a prism are identical and where the axis of the prism is perpendicular to the polygonal bases, i.e. in the case where the prism extends perpendicularly to the main surfaces of the plate, then the polygonal bases are the cross sections of the prism.
  • the prisms of the screen are traversing prisms, that is to say that the polygonal bases are open so that the prisms delimit a passage, in particular for the circulation of the combustion gases of the emitter .
  • the traversing prisms are therefore hollow.
  • the through prisms may thus also be designated in the remainder of the description by the term through channels, or hollow channels, or else by the term through tubes, or hollow tubes.
  • the screen plate comprises a plurality of through channels, or through tubes, the through channels extending from the lower main surface to the upper main surface, and the through channels having a geometry of prism defined by a polygonal base and by an axis.
  • the through channels are juxtaposed with each other so that their polygonal bases form a paving of at least part of the upper and lower main surfaces of the plate.
  • the screen has a specific structure formed by the juxtaposition of channels, preferably parallel to each other, the geometry of the ends of which allows paving of at least part of the two main surfaces of the screen.
  • a screen is thus obtained in which the sum of the crossing surfaces of the channels, or prisms, is optimized with respect to the total surface of the screen and with respect to the dimension of the prisms.
  • the different channels of the screen are thus separated from each other only by the walls of said channels, that is to say by the parallelograms of the prisms, which leads to a reduced quantity of material.
  • each channel wall portion is part of the wall of two adjacent channels which are separated from each other by said common wall portion.
  • the bases of the prisms are all hexagonal, triangular or square, and preferably are all identical.
  • the surface of the screen is thus paved with the same geometric shape, or polygon, according to a tiling which may or may not be regular depending on whether the polygons all have the same size or not.
  • a screen is then obtained with a honeycomb structure in which the "cells" are formed by the through prisms.
  • the structure extends over at least part of the surface of the screen, preferably over the entire surface of the screen, and the through prisms allow the circulation of combustion gases through the screen.
  • the axis can be perpendicular to one or the other of the polygonal bases of the crossing prism, or else inclined with respect to one or the other of the polygonal bases of the crossing prism.
  • the axis of the crossing prisms can be perpendicular to said upper and lower surfaces of the plate, or else can be inclined with respect to said upper and lower surfaces of the plate.
  • the lower and upper main surfaces are mutually parallel, the axis of the prisms is perpendicular to the main surfaces and the base of the prisms is the cross section of the prisms.
  • the prisms or channels are oriented perpendicular to the main surfaces of the screen.
  • the bases of the channels, or prisms, are then their cross sections.
  • said at least one plate also comprises a through opening, preferably central and for example circular, of a size greater than that of the through prisms, in order to facilitate and accelerate the ignition of the transmitter.
  • the latter may also comprise a through channel, preferably central, having a base area greater than that of the prisms forming a tessellation of the surface of the screen.
  • a through channel can for example be produced by drilling, using a drill, said screen in a direction parallel to the axes of the prisms of the screen.
  • Such a hole then makes it possible to remove certain walls of the prisms, or even one or more complete prisms, to form a channel of larger section.
  • Such a channel makes it possible, in practice, to improve the operation of the screen, and in particular its stability and its speed of warming up.
  • said at least one plate has an aperture ratio greater than or equal to 40%, preferably greater than or equal to 50% and more preferably greater than or equal to 60%, and, in use, the transmitter has a power greater than or equal to 50 kW/m 2 , preferably greater than or equal to 100 kW/m 2 , and more preferably greater than or equal to 200 kW/m 2 .
  • the structure according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the number of prisms, or channels, in the screen, for a given prism size and screen size. It is then possible to obtain opening ratios of the screen plate which are particularly high.
  • the transmitter comprises several screens in the form of at least one plate, said screens in the form of at least one plate being arranged in several planes parallel to each other, for example two planes parallel to each other, and optionally arranged at a distance from each other.
  • radiating screen means a level of elements such as bars, plates or grids, which extend substantially in the same plane substantially parallel to the burner plate, or combustion, of the transmitter .
  • the transmitter according to the invention can thus comprise several screen levels, with several screens formed by a plate according to the present invention.
  • the screen comprises at least two plates mounted adjacent in the same plane, said at least two plates being separated, at room temperature, by a thermal insulating material or else said at least two plates being mounted with clearance between them in the said same plane.
  • the screen may comprise two or more plates, with juxtaposed prisms covering at least part of the main surfaces of the plates. Said two plates, or more, are arranged in the same plane and are juxtaposed one beside the other, in the plane of the screen.
  • the plates may in particular be separated by a thermally insulating material, or quite simply have play between them in the plane of the screen, in order to be able to expand when the temperature increases while limiting the risks of deterioration.
  • the transmitter comprises two burner plates mounted side by side, for example two ceramic plates.
  • the screen can comprise two plates with prisms which are located substantially opposite each of the burner plates.
  • said plate is made of thermally conductive material, for example of metal alloy or of silicon carbide or of silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or of silicon nitride, or else is of thermally insulating ceramic, for example of cordierite or alumina, coated with a thermal conductor, for example silicon carbide or silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or silicon nitride.
  • thermally conductive material for example of metal alloy or of silicon carbide or of silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or of silicon nitride
  • thermally insulating ceramic for example of cordierite or alumina
  • the transmitter comprises a burner plate, said burner plate serving as a combustion surface, said screen in the form of at least one plate being positioned on the side of the combustion surface of said burner plate.
  • the transmitter also comprises one or more additional screens, for example formed from bars or a notably woven metal grid, arranged in one or more planes parallel to the plane of said screen in the form of at least one plate, and optionally arranged at a distance from said screen in the form of at least one plate.
  • additional screens for example formed from bars or a notably woven metal grid, arranged in one or more planes parallel to the plane of said screen in the form of at least one plate, and optionally arranged at a distance from said screen in the form of at least one plate.
  • Such screens can be added to the transmitter, in addition to the screen comprising a plate with prisms. Such screens are then positioned in one or more planes parallel to the screen comprising a plate with prisms, and can supplement the performance of the screen comprising a plate with prisms.
  • the screen is spaced from the burner plate, for example by at least 1 mm, and preferably by at least 2 mm.
  • each prism has a form factor, for example a ratio of the dimension along the axis to the largest dimension of the base, greater than 3, preferably greater than 10 and more preferably greater than 30.
  • Such a high aspect ratio thus reflects a dimension of the prisms along their axis which is greater, or even much greater, than the largest dimension of the base. This results in particular in a thicker screen than those of the prior art, or else with a similar thickness but smaller and therefore more numerous channels.
  • Such a high aspect ratio makes it possible in particular to have a screen with more material. Such a screen thus makes it possible to increase the heat transfer between the lower main surface and the superior main surface, by thermal conduction in the material of the screen, which improves performance.
  • Figure 1 is a partial section in perspective of an infrared radiation emitter with a screen according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation in perspective of a first embodiment of the screen according to the invention for an infrared radiation emitter
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a cross section of an infrared radiation emitter equipped with the screen shown in Figure 2,
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation in perspective of a second embodiment of the screen according to the invention for infrared radiation emitter.
  • Figure 1 shows a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter 1, comprising a screen 2 according to the prior art, for example in the form of a metal grid or braided metal son.
  • the transmitter 1 comprises a frame 4 with a supply inlet 6 for the gases to be burned, and a burner plate 8 arranged facing the internal surface of the screen 2.
  • the frame 4 and the plate burner 8 delimit an inner chamber in which the gases entering through the supply inlet 6 are routed.
  • the burner plate 8 may for example be a perforated ceramic plate whose perforations are intended to allow the gases present in the inner chamber of the transmitter 1 to exit. Coming out of the perforations, the gases are then burned on the outer surface 10, or combustion surface, of the burner plate 8 when there is a flame, and then come to heat the screen 2 placed facing the outer surface 10.
  • the burner plate 8 may include an outer surface 10 crenellated or ribbed.
  • the burner plate 8 can have, at the level of the external surface 10, different combustion surface levels, for example two.
  • the outer surface 10 may for example comprise parallel ridges arranged obliquely over the entire surface of the burner plate 8.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the general shape of a screen 12 according to the present invention.
  • the screen 12 is formed by a plate 14 formed by the juxtaposition of channels, or prisms, passing through 16, and comprising a lower main surface 18 and an upper main surface 20 (see FIG. 3) which are parallel in the present case.
  • the plate 14 of the screen 12 may in particular comprise a thermally conductive material, for example a metal alloy or silicon carbide.
  • the plate 14 can comprise a thermally insulating ceramic, for example cordierite or alumina, coated with a heat conducting material, such as silicon carbide.
  • the plate 14 of the screen 12 comprises a plurality of through channels 16, the through channels extending from the lower main surface 18 to the upper main surface 20.
  • the through channels 16 having a geometry of prism defined by a polygonal base and by an axis, that is to say a geometry delimited, in space, by a lower polygonal base, an upper polygonal base distant from the lower polygonal base, and side walls connecting the sides of the polygonal bases between them.
  • the polygonal bases of the different prisms form a paving of at least part of the upper and lower main surfaces of the plate 14.
  • the channels 16 of the plate 14 are identical and hexagonal base, and extend perpendicular to the upper 20 and lower 18 main surfaces.
  • the channels 16 extend along a axis perpendicular to the upper 20 and lower 18 main surfaces.
  • the channels 16 therefore have a prism geometry defined by a hexagonal base extending in the plane of the main surfaces 18, 20 of the plate 14, and an axis perpendicular to the main surfaces 18 , 20.
  • the upper and lower hexagonal bases of the through-channels 16 are thus identical, and the walls connecting the sides of the hexagonal bases are rectangles, possibly identical (see FIG. 3).
  • the through channels 16 allow the burnt gases to circulate at the outer surface 10 of the burner plate 8, but are also heated by them and can then emit infrared.
  • the hexagonal base of the through-channels 16 is chosen so as to allow paving of at least part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface. which the prisms are juxtaposed to each other so that their bases cover said part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface.
  • the side walls of the through channels 16 are common between two adjacent or neighboring through channels 16 .
  • hexagonal base is not the only polygonal base allowing paving of at least part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface. shown in Figure 4.
  • channels 16 having polygonal bases of the same shape but of different sizes.
  • the size of the polygonal base of the crossing channels 16 could vary according to the position relative to the center and/or the ends of the plate 14, while keeping a paving of at least part of the main surface of the plate 14 .
  • the plate according to the invention can thus have a degree of opening greater than or equal to 40%, and more generally greater than or equal to 60%, or even greater than or equal to 80%.
  • the transmitter 1 can present a power present a power greater than or equal to 50 kW/m 2 , preferably 100 kW/m 2 , or even 200 kW/m 2 .
  • the plate 14 can also comprise a through-opening 24 of larger size than that of the through-channels 16.
  • the through-opening 24 makes it possible to improve the operation of the transmitter, in particular at ignition.
  • the through opening 24 can in particular be made by drilling, for example using a drill, the plate 14, leading to the removal of certain walls of the channels 16. It is then possible to obtain an opening 24 more larger than the channels 16.
  • the through opening 24 is made in the center of the plate 14.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a section of the screen 12 shown schematically in Figure 2.
  • the axis of the channels 16 of the screen 12 is oriented in the direction of flow of the burnt gases , i.e. from the outer surface of the burner plate 8 to the upper major surface 20 of the screen 12.
  • the transmitter 1 has only one screen 12, and the screen 12 has only one plate 14.
  • the screen could also include several plates 14 arranged in the same plane, next to each other, for example two adjacent plates 14, or four plates 14 arranged in a square.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible in particular to obtain screens of large surface area, even when the plates 14 can only be manufactured in small dimensions.
  • the emitter 1 comprises several coplanar combustion plates 8. In this case, each plate 14 of the screen 12 can be positioned facing one and only one burner plate 8.
  • separations for example made of thermally insulating material, can be provided between the plates 14 of the screen 12, or else clearance between the plates 14 can be provided in order to leave a little freedom between the plates 14 between them and the peripheral contour of the screen 14.
  • the through channels 16 of the different plates can be of different size or shape, for example some with a square base and others with a hexagonal base, or even oriented in directions different, for example in the case of channels with a triangular base.
  • each plate 14 may not be centered with respect to the plate 14, but on the contrary be positioned in a central zone of the screen 12.
  • the transmitter 1 can also include several screens, that is to say several levels parallel to each other and parallel to the burner plate 8, which can be heated and emit infrared.
  • the different screens can all comprise one or more plates 14 with channels 16 according to the present invention.
  • the geometry of the crossing channels 16 and/or their size may vary between the different screens, depending on the distance separating the screen from the burner plate 8.
  • the transmitter 1 may comprise at least one screen with one or several plates 14 having channels 16 according to the present invention, in combination with screens of the prior art.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention. More precisely, FIG. 4 illustrates a screen 12' in which the through channels 16' are prisms having a square polygonal base.
  • the screen 12 ' according to the second embodiment of the invention does not have a plate 14 with a honeycomb structure, but with a grid structure.
  • the dimensions of the various channels 16' remain identical to one another, even if it is possible to provide channels with different sizes, twice as large for example.
  • a through opening 24 can be provided, in particular in the center of the plate 14'.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter comprising at least one radiating screen (12), which is for example made of ceramic and/or metal, taking the form of at least one plate (14) comprising: - a lower main surface and an upper main surface that are distant from each other, and - a plurality of through-prisms (16), which are preferably hollow, extending from the lower main surface to the upper main surface, each prism being defined by a polygonal base and by an axis. The prisms (16) are juxtaposed with one another so that their polygonal bases form a tiling of at least one portion of the lower and upper main surfaces of said plate.

Description

Emetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge Infrared radiation emitter
Domaine Technique Technical area
[0001] La présente invention concerne le domaine des émetteurs de rayonnement infra-rouge, et en particulier des émetteurs chauffés au gaz. The present invention relates to the field of infrared radiation emitters, and in particular gas-heated emitters.
Technique antérieure Prior technique
[0002] II est connu d'utiliser un écran dans des émetteurs de rayonnement infrarouge chauffés au gaz. De tels écrans, positionnés en regard d'une plaque de brûleur, en général une plaque céramique perforée sur laquelle le gaz est brûlé, sont destinés à être chauffés par la combustion du gaz afin d'émettre un rayonnement infra-rouge, tout en permettant la circulation à travers eux des gaz une fois brûlés. [0002] It is known to use a screen in gas-heated infrared radiation emitters. Such screens, positioned opposite a burner plate, generally a perforated ceramic plate on which the gas is burned, are intended to be heated by the combustion of the gas in order to emit infrared radiation, while allowing the circulation through them of gases once burned.
[0003] De tels écrans peuvent ainsi être formés par des tiges céramiques montées parallèlement, dans un même plan, à distance les unes des autres. Alternativement, de tels écrans peuvent être formés par un ensemble de fils métalliques entrecroisés, ou tissés, entre eux. [0003] Such screens can thus be formed by ceramic rods mounted in parallel, in the same plane, at a distance from each other. Alternatively, such screens can be formed by a set of metal wires crisscrossed or woven together.
[0004] Des émetteurs avec de tels écrans sont ainsi connus depuis longtemps et présentent un fonctionnement stable et optimisé permettant d'obtenir une bonne efficacité tout en limitant les anomalies de fonctionnement. [0004] Transmitters with such screens have thus been known for a long time and exhibit stable and optimized operation making it possible to obtain good efficiency while limiting operating anomalies.
[0005] II existe également des écrans formés à partir de matériaux moussés, ou matériaux à pores ouverts. [0005] There are also screens formed from foamed materials, or materials with open pores.
[0006] II est également connu d'utiliser un matériau à mailles pour former l'écran d'un émetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz. On peut désigner de tels matériaux à mailles par matériaux à structure de treillis, ou bien encore par matériaux à structure lattice. De tels matériaux présentent notamment une organisation spatiale géométrique. Ainsi, la structure de tels matériaux correspond à la répétition, dans les trois directions de l'espace, d'un même motif géométrique élémentaire (maille ou cellule), de préférence en trois dimensions. En particulier, de tels matériaux peuvent présenter une structure formant les arêtes des motifs (ou mailles ou cellules) répétés en réseau tridimensionnel. [0007] De tels matériaux à mailles se sont révélés récemment intéressants pour remplacer les écrans traditionnels des émetteurs de rayonnement infra-rouge, notamment en raison de leur efficacité. Un émetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge comportant un tel matériau à mailles comme écran, est notamment décrit dans le document WO 2017/156440. [0006] It is also known to use a mesh material to form the screen of a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter. Such mesh materials can be designated by materials with a lattice structure, or even by materials with a lattice structure. Such materials have in particular a geometric spatial organization. Thus, the structure of such materials corresponds to the repetition, in the three directions of space, of the same elementary geometric pattern (mesh or cell), preferably in three dimensions. In particular, such materials may have a structure forming the edges of the patterns (or meshes or cells) repeated in a three-dimensional network. [0007] Such mesh materials have recently proved interesting for replacing the traditional screens of infrared radiation emitters, in particular because of their efficiency. An infrared radiation emitter comprising such a mesh material as a screen is described in particular in document WO 2017/156440.
[0008] Cependant, le fonctionnement des écrans décrits précédemment ne donne pas toujours satisfaction. En particulier, certains écrans peuvent nécessiter une durée de montée en température de plusieurs minutes. D'autres peuvent être instables en fonctionnement et risquer de s'éteindre de manière intempestive. D'autres enfin peuvent présenter des performances en termes de rayonnements infra-rouges qui sont plus faibles que la moyenne. [0008] However, the operation of the screens described above does not always give satisfaction. In particular, some screens may require a temperature rise time of several minutes. Others may be unstable in operation and risk shutting down unexpectedly. Finally, others may present performances in terms of infrared radiation which are lower than the average.
Exposé de l'invention Disclosure of Invention
[0009] La présente invention vise à résoudre les différents problèmes techniques énoncés précédemment. La présente invention vise ainsi à proposer un émetteur à rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz, présentant une durée de montée en température courte, une stabilité de fonctionnement comparable aux émetteurs traditionnels, et une efficacité supérieure ou égale à celle des émetteurs traditionnels. En particulier, la présente invention vise ainsi à proposer un émetteur à rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz avec un écran formé par une structure spécifique permettant d'obtenir un fonctionnement amélioré, notamment lors de l'allumage. The present invention aims to solve the various technical problems mentioned above. The present invention thus aims to provide a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter, having a short temperature rise time, an operating stability comparable to traditional emitters, and an efficiency greater than or equal to that of traditional emitters. In particular, the present invention thus aims to propose a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter with a screen formed by a specific structure making it possible to obtain improved operation, in particular during ignition.
[0010] Ainsi, selon un aspect, il est proposé un émetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz, comprenant au moins un écran rayonnant, par exemple en céramique et/ou métallique, sous forme d'au moins une plaque comportant :Thus, according to one aspect, a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter is proposed, comprising at least one radiating screen, for example made of ceramic and/or metal, in the form of at least one plate comprising:
- une surface principale inférieure et une surface principale supérieure distantes l'une de l'autre, et - a lower main surface and an upper main surface spaced from each other, and
- une pluralité de prismes traversants s'étendant depuis la surface principale inférieure jusqu'à la surface principale supérieure, chaque prisme étant défini par une base polygonale et par un axe, dans lequel les prismes sont juxtaposés entre eux de manière à ce que leurs bases polygonales forment un pavage d'au moins une partie des surfaces principales inférieure et supérieure de ladite plaque. - a plurality of traversing prisms extending from the lower main surface to the upper main surface, each prism being defined by a polygonal base and by an axis, in which the prisms are juxtaposed together so that their polygonal bases form a tiling of at least part of the lower and upper main surfaces of said plate.
[0011] On entend par « prisme », des formes ou contours délimités par deux polygones, par exemple identiques, appelés les bases polygonales du prisme, les deux polygones étant reliés entre eux par des parallélogrammes. On entend par « axe du prisme », la direction reliant les deux bases polygonales du prisme entre elles. Dans le cas où les bases polygonales d'un prisme sont identiques et où l'axe du prisme est perpendiculaire aux bases polygonales, c'est-à-dire dans le cas où le prisme s'étend perpendiculairement aux surfaces principales de la plaque, alors les bases polygonales sont les sections transversales du prisme. [0011] The term "prism" means shapes or outlines delimited by two polygons, for example identical, called the polygonal bases of the prism, the two polygons being interconnected by parallelograms. The term "axis of the prism" means the direction connecting the two polygonal bases of the prism to each other. In the case where the polygonal bases of a prism are identical and where the axis of the prism is perpendicular to the polygonal bases, i.e. in the case where the prism extends perpendicularly to the main surfaces of the plate, then the polygonal bases are the cross sections of the prism.
[0012] Les prismes de l'écran sont des prismes traversants, c'est-à-dire que les bases polygonales sont ouvertes de sorte à ce que les prismes délimitent un passage, notamment pour la circulation des gaz de combustion de l'émetteur. Les prismes traversants sont donc creux. Les prismes traversants pourront ainsi également être désignés dans la suite de la description par le terme canaux traversant, ou canaux creux, ou bien par le terme tubes traversant, ou tubes creux. [0012] The prisms of the screen are traversing prisms, that is to say that the polygonal bases are open so that the prisms delimit a passage, in particular for the circulation of the combustion gases of the emitter . The traversing prisms are therefore hollow. The through prisms may thus also be designated in the remainder of the description by the term through channels, or hollow channels, or else by the term through tubes, or hollow tubes.
[0013] Dit autrement, la plaque de l'écran comporte une pluralité de canaux traversant, ou tubes traversant, les canaux traversant s'étendant depuis la surface principale inférieure jusqu'à la surface principale supérieure, et les canaux traversant présentant une géométrie de prisme défini par une base polygonale et par un axe. En particulier, les canaux traversant sont juxtaposés entre eux de manière à ce que leurs bases polygonales forment un pavage d'au moins une partie des surfaces principales supérieure et inférieure de la plaque. In other words, the screen plate comprises a plurality of through channels, or through tubes, the through channels extending from the lower main surface to the upper main surface, and the through channels having a geometry of prism defined by a polygonal base and by an axis. In particular, the through channels are juxtaposed with each other so that their polygonal bases form a paving of at least part of the upper and lower main surfaces of the plate.
[0014] Ainsi, l'écran présente une structure spécifique formée par la juxtaposition de canaux, de préférence parallèles entre eux, dont la géométrie des extrémités permet un pavage d'au moins une partie des deux surfaces principales de l'écran. On obtient ainsi un écran dont la somme des surfaces traversantes des canaux, ou prismes, est optimisée par rapport à la surface totale de l'écran et par rapport à la dimension des prismes. Les différents canaux de l'écran sont ainsi séparés entre eux que par les parois desdits canaux, c'est-à-dire par les parallélogrammes des prismes, ce qui conduit à une quantité de matière réduite. Dit autrement, chaque portion de paroi de canal fait partie de la paroi de deux canaux adjacents qui sont séparés entre eux par ladite portion de paroi commune. [0014] Thus, the screen has a specific structure formed by the juxtaposition of channels, preferably parallel to each other, the geometry of the ends of which allows paving of at least part of the two main surfaces of the screen. A screen is thus obtained in which the sum of the crossing surfaces of the channels, or prisms, is optimized with respect to the total surface of the screen and with respect to the dimension of the prisms. The different channels of the screen are thus separated from each other only by the walls of said channels, that is to say by the parallelograms of the prisms, which leads to a reduced quantity of material. Put another way, each channel wall portion is part of the wall of two adjacent channels which are separated from each other by said common wall portion.
[0015] II a notamment été observé que de telles structures, en tant qu'écran d'émetteur à gaz, permettent d'ateindre rapidement la température de fonctionnement tout en présentant une stabilité de fonctionnement et une durabilité dans le temps élevée. De telles structures permettent en particulier d'atteindre leur température nominale de fonctionnement en deux fois moins de temps que les écrans traditionnels, voire en beaucoup moins de temps. [0015] It has in particular been observed that such structures, as a gas emitter screen, make it possible to quickly reach the operating temperature while exhibiting high operating stability and durability over time. Such structures in particular make it possible to reach their nominal operating temperature in half the time of traditional screens, or even in much less time.
[0016] Préférentiellement, les bases des prismes sont toutes hexagonales, triangulaires ou carrées, et de préférence sont toutes identiques. Preferably, the bases of the prisms are all hexagonal, triangular or square, and preferably are all identical.
[0017] La surface de l'écran est ainsi pavée par la même forme géométrique, ou polygone, selon un pavage qui peut être régulier ou non selon que les polygones ont tous la même taille ou non. [0017] The surface of the screen is thus paved with the same geometric shape, or polygon, according to a tiling which may or may not be regular depending on whether the polygons all have the same size or not.
[0018] Dans le cas particulier de bases hexagonales, on obtient alors un écran avec une structure en nid d'abeille dans laquelle les « alvéoles » sont formées par les prismes traversants. La structure s'étend sur au moins une partie de la surface de l'écran, de préférence sur l'ensemble de la surface de l'écran, et les prismes traversants permetent la circulation des gaz de combustion à travers l'écran. [0018] In the particular case of hexagonal bases, a screen is then obtained with a honeycomb structure in which the "cells" are formed by the through prisms. The structure extends over at least part of the surface of the screen, preferably over the entire surface of the screen, and the through prisms allow the circulation of combustion gases through the screen.
[0019] Pour chaque prisme traversant, l'axe peut être perpendiculaire à l'une ou l'autre des bases polygonales du prisme traversant, ou bien incliné par rapport à l'une ou l'autre des bases polygonales du prisme traversant. En particulier, lorsque les surfaces supérieure et inférieure de la plaque sont parallèles entre elles, ainsi que les bases polygonales des prismes traversants, alors l'axe des prismes traversants peut être perpendiculaire auxdites surfaces supérieure et inférieure de la plaque, ou bien peut être incliné par rapport auxdites surfaces supérieure et inférieure de la plaque. [0019] For each crossing prism, the axis can be perpendicular to one or the other of the polygonal bases of the crossing prism, or else inclined with respect to one or the other of the polygonal bases of the crossing prism. In particular, when the upper and lower surfaces of the plate are parallel to each other, as well as the polygonal bases of the crossing prisms, then the axis of the crossing prisms can be perpendicular to said upper and lower surfaces of the plate, or else can be inclined with respect to said upper and lower surfaces of the plate.
[0020] Préférentiellement, les surfaces principales inférieure et supérieure sont parallèles entre elles, l'axe des prismes est perpendiculaire aux surfaces principales et la base des prismes est la section transversale des prismes. [0021] Dans ce cas, les prismes ou canaux sont orientés perpendiculairement aux surfaces principales de l'écran. Les bases des canaux, ou prismes, sont alors leurs sections transversales. Preferably, the lower and upper main surfaces are mutually parallel, the axis of the prisms is perpendicular to the main surfaces and the base of the prisms is the cross section of the prisms. In this case, the prisms or channels are oriented perpendicular to the main surfaces of the screen. The bases of the channels, or prisms, are then their cross sections.
[0022] Préférentiellement, ladite au moins une plaque comprend également une ouverture traversante, de préférence centrale et par exemple circulaire, de taille supérieure à celle des prismes traversants, afin de faciliter et d'accélérer l'allumage de l'émetteur. [0022]Preferably, said at least one plate also comprises a through opening, preferably central and for example circular, of a size greater than that of the through prisms, in order to facilitate and accelerate the ignition of the transmitter.
[0023]Afin d'augmenter les performances de l'écran, notamment en terme de stabilité et de rapidité à l'allumage, celui-ci peut également comprendre un canal traversant, de préférence central, présentant une base de superficie supérieure à celle des prismes formant un pavage de la surface de l'écran. Un tel canal peut par exemple être réalisé par perçage, à l'aide d'un foret, dudit écran selon une direction parallèle aux axes de prismes de l'écran. Un tel perçage permet alors de supprimer certaines parois des prismes, voire un ou plusieurs prismes complets, pour former un canal de section plus grande. Un tel canal permet, en pratique, d'améliorer le fonctionnement de l'écran, et notamment sa stabilité et sa vitesse de mise en température. [0023] In order to increase the performance of the screen, in particular in terms of stability and speed of ignition, the latter may also comprise a through channel, preferably central, having a base area greater than that of the prisms forming a tessellation of the surface of the screen. Such a channel can for example be produced by drilling, using a drill, said screen in a direction parallel to the axes of the prisms of the screen. Such a hole then makes it possible to remove certain walls of the prisms, or even one or more complete prisms, to form a channel of larger section. Such a channel makes it possible, in practice, to improve the operation of the screen, and in particular its stability and its speed of warming up.
[0024] Préférentiellement, ladite au moins une plaque présente un taux d'ouverture supérieur ou égal à 40%, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 50% et plus préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 60%, et, en utilisation, l'émetteur présente une puissance supérieure ou égale à 50kW/m2, de préférence supérieure ou égale à 100 kW/m2, et plus préférentiellement supérieure ou égale à 200kW/m2. Preferably, said at least one plate has an aperture ratio greater than or equal to 40%, preferably greater than or equal to 50% and more preferably greater than or equal to 60%, and, in use, the transmitter has a power greater than or equal to 50 kW/m 2 , preferably greater than or equal to 100 kW/m 2 , and more preferably greater than or equal to 200 kW/m 2 .
[0025] La structure selon l'invention permet d'optimiser le nombre de prismes, ou canaux, dans l'écran, pour une taille de prisme et une taille d'écran données. Il est alors possible d'obtenir des taux d'ouverture de la plaque d'écran qui sont particulièrement élevés. The structure according to the invention makes it possible to optimize the number of prisms, or channels, in the screen, for a given prism size and screen size. It is then possible to obtain opening ratios of the screen plate which are particularly high.
[0026] Préférentiellement, l'émetteur comprend plusieurs écrans sous forme d'au moins une plaque, lesdits écrans sous forme d'au moins une plaque étant disposés dans plusieurs plans parallèles entre eux, par exemple deux plans parallèles entre eux, et éventuellement disposés à distance entre eux. Preferably, the transmitter comprises several screens in the form of at least one plate, said screens in the form of at least one plate being arranged in several planes parallel to each other, for example two planes parallel to each other, and optionally arranged at a distance from each other.
[0027] On entend par « écran rayonnant », un niveau d'éléments tels que des barreaux, plaques ou grilles, qui s'étendent sensiblement dans un même plan sensiblement parallèle à la plaque de brûleur, ou de combustion, de l'émetteur. The term "radiating screen" means a level of elements such as bars, plates or grids, which extend substantially in the same plane substantially parallel to the burner plate, or combustion, of the transmitter .
[0028] L'émetteur selon l'invention peut ainsi comprendre plusieurs niveaux d'écran, avec plusieurs écrans formés par une plaque selon la présente invention. The transmitter according to the invention can thus comprise several screen levels, with several screens formed by a plate according to the present invention.
[0029] Préférentiellement, l'écran comprend au moins deux plaques montées adjacentes dans un même plan, lesdites au moins deux plaques étant séparées, à température ambiante, par un matériau isolant thermique ou bien lesdites au moins deux plaques étant montées avec du jeu entre elles dans ledit même plan. [0029] Preferably, the screen comprises at least two plates mounted adjacent in the same plane, said at least two plates being separated, at room temperature, by a thermal insulating material or else said at least two plates being mounted with clearance between them in the said same plane.
[0030] L'écran peut comprendre deux plaques, ou plus, avec des prismes juxtaposés pavant au moins une partie des surfaces principales des plaques. Lesdites deux plaques, ou plus, sont disposées dans un même plan et sont juxtaposées les unes à côté des autres, dans le plan de l'écran. Les plaques peuvent notamment être séparées par un matériau isolant thermiquement, ou bien présenter tout simplement du jeu entre elles dans le plan de l'écran, afin de pouvoir se dilater lors de l'augmentation de température tout en limitant les risques de détérioration. [0030] The screen may comprise two or more plates, with juxtaposed prisms covering at least part of the main surfaces of the plates. Said two plates, or more, are arranged in the same plane and are juxtaposed one beside the other, in the plane of the screen. The plates may in particular be separated by a thermally insulating material, or quite simply have play between them in the plane of the screen, in order to be able to expand when the temperature increases while limiting the risks of deterioration.
[0031] Une telle configuration peut notamment être avantageuse lorsque l'émetteur comprend deux plaques de brûleur montées côte à côte, par exemple deux plaques céramiques. Dans ce cas, l'écran peut comporter deux plaques avec des prismes qui sont situées sensiblement en regard de chacune des plaques de brûleur. Such a configuration can in particular be advantageous when the transmitter comprises two burner plates mounted side by side, for example two ceramic plates. In this case, the screen can comprise two plates with prisms which are located substantially opposite each of the burner plates.
[0032] Préférentiellement, ladite plaque est en matériau conducteur thermique, par exemple en alliage métallique ou en carbure de silicium ou en carbure de silicium infiltré de silicium ou en nitrure de silicium, ou bien est en céramique isolant thermiquement, par exemple en cordiérite ou alumine, revêtue d'un conducteur thermique, par exemple du carbure de silicium ou du carbure de silicium infiltré de silicium ou du nitrure de silicium. [0033] De tels matériaux permettent d'obtenir des performances voulues en termes de rayonnements infra-rouges mais également en terme de tenue en température et en terme de durée de vie. [0032]Preferably, said plate is made of thermally conductive material, for example of metal alloy or of silicon carbide or of silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or of silicon nitride, or else is of thermally insulating ceramic, for example of cordierite or alumina, coated with a thermal conductor, for example silicon carbide or silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or silicon nitride. Such materials make it possible to obtain desired performance in terms of infrared radiation but also in terms of temperature resistance and in terms of service life.
[0034] Préférentiellement, l'émetteur comprend une plaque de brûleur, ladite plaque de brûleur servant de surface de combustion, ledit écran sous forme d'au moins une plaque étant positionné du côté de la surface de combustion de ladite plaque de brûleur. Preferably, the transmitter comprises a burner plate, said burner plate serving as a combustion surface, said screen in the form of at least one plate being positioned on the side of the combustion surface of said burner plate.
[0035] Préférentiellement, l'émetteur comprend également un ou plusieurs écrans supplémentaires, par exemple formés de barreaux ou d'une grille métallique notamment tissée, disposés dans un ou plusieurs plans parallèles au plan dudit écran sous forme d'au moins une plaque, et éventuellement disposés à distance dudit écran sous forme d'au moins une plaque. [0035]Preferably, the transmitter also comprises one or more additional screens, for example formed from bars or a notably woven metal grid, arranged in one or more planes parallel to the plane of said screen in the form of at least one plate, and optionally arranged at a distance from said screen in the form of at least one plate.
[0036] De tels écrans, traditionnels, peuvent être ajoutés à l'émetteur, en plus de l'écran comportant une plaque avec des prismes. De tels écrans sont alors positionnés dans un, ou plusieurs, plan parallèle à l'écran comportant une plaque avec des prismes, et peuvent venir compléter les performances de l'écran comportant une plaque avec des prismes. Such screens, traditional, can be added to the transmitter, in addition to the screen comprising a plate with prisms. Such screens are then positioned in one or more planes parallel to the screen comprising a plate with prisms, and can supplement the performance of the screen comprising a plate with prisms.
[0037] Préférentiellement, l'écran est distant de la plaque de brûleur, par exemple d'au moins 1mm, et de préférence d'au moins 2mm. [0037] Preferably, the screen is spaced from the burner plate, for example by at least 1 mm, and preferably by at least 2 mm.
[0038] Préférentiellement, chaque prisme présente un facteur de forme, par exemple un rapport de la dimension selon l'axe sur la plus grande dimension de la base, supérieur à 3, de préférence supérieur à 10 et plus préférentiellement supérieur à 30. Preferably, each prism has a form factor, for example a ratio of the dimension along the axis to the largest dimension of the base, greater than 3, preferably greater than 10 and more preferably greater than 30.
[0039] Un tel rapport de forme élevé traduit ainsi une dimension des prismes selon leur axe qui est plus grande, voire beaucoup plus grande, que la plus grande dimension de la base. Cela se traduit notamment par un écran plus épais que ceux de l'art antérieur, ou bien avec une épaisseur similaire mais des canaux plus petits et donc plus nombreux. Un tel rapport de forme élevé permet notamment d'avoir un écran avec plus de matière. Un tel écran permet ainsi d'augmenter le transfert thermique entre la surface principale inférieure et la surface principale supérieure, par conduction thermique dans le matériau de l'écran, ce qui améliore le rendement. Such a high aspect ratio thus reflects a dimension of the prisms along their axis which is greater, or even much greater, than the largest dimension of the base. This results in particular in a thicker screen than those of the prior art, or else with a similar thickness but smaller and therefore more numerous channels. Such a high aspect ratio makes it possible in particular to have a screen with more material. Such a screen thus makes it possible to increase the heat transfer between the lower main surface and the superior main surface, by thermal conduction in the material of the screen, which improves performance.
Brève description des dessins Brief description of the drawings
[0040] [Fig. 1] La figure 1 est une coupe partielle en perspective d'un émeteur à rayonnement infra-rouge avec un écran selon l'art antérieur, [0040] [Fig. 1] Figure 1 is a partial section in perspective of an infrared radiation emitter with a screen according to the prior art,
[0041] [Fig. 2] La figure 2 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation d'écran selon l'invention pour émetteur à rayonnement infra-rouge, [0041] [Fig. 2] Figure 2 is a schematic representation in perspective of a first embodiment of the screen according to the invention for an infrared radiation emitter,
[0042] [Fig. 3] La figure 3 est une représentation schématique d'une coupe transversale d'un émetteur à rayonnement infra-rouge équipé de l'écran représenté à la figure 2, [0042] [Fig. 3] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a cross section of an infrared radiation emitter equipped with the screen shown in Figure 2,
[0043] [Fig. 4] La figure 4 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'écran selon l'invention pour émeteur à rayonnement infra-rouge. [0043] [Fig. 4] Figure 4 is a schematic representation in perspective of a second embodiment of the screen according to the invention for infrared radiation emitter.
Description des modes de réalisation Description of embodiments
[0044] La figure 1 représente un émeteur 1 à rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz, comportant un écran 2 selon l'art antérieur, par exemple sous forme de grille métallique ou de fils métalliques tressés. [0044] Figure 1 shows a gas-heated infrared radiation emitter 1, comprising a screen 2 according to the prior art, for example in the form of a metal grid or braided metal son.
[0045] L'émetteur 1 comporte un bâti 4 avec une entrée d'alimentation 6 pour les gaz devant être brûlés, et une plaque de brûleur 8 disposée en regard de la surface interne de l'écran 2. Le bâti 4 et la plaque de brûleur 8 délimitent une chambre intérieure dans laquelle sont acheminés les gaz entrant par l'entrée d'alimentation 6. The transmitter 1 comprises a frame 4 with a supply inlet 6 for the gases to be burned, and a burner plate 8 arranged facing the internal surface of the screen 2. The frame 4 and the plate burner 8 delimit an inner chamber in which the gases entering through the supply inlet 6 are routed.
[0046] La plaque de brûleur 8 peut être par exemple une plaque céramique perforée dont les perforations sont destinées à permettre aux gaz présents dans la chambre intérieure de l'émeteur 1 de sortir. En sortant des perforations, les gaz sont alors brûlés sur la surface externe 10, ou surface de combustion, de la plaque de brûleur 8 lorsqu'il y a une flamme, et viennent alors chauffer l'écran 2 disposé en regard de la surface externe 10. [0047] En particulier, comme illustré sur la figure 1, la plaque de brûleur 8 peut comprendre une surface externe 10 crénelée, ou striée. Ainsi, la plaque de brûleur 8 peut présenter, au niveau de la surface externe 10, différents niveaux de surface de combustion, par exemple deux. La surface externe 10 peut par exemple comprendre des stries parallèles disposées de manière oblique sur toute la surface de la plaque de brûleur 8. The burner plate 8 may for example be a perforated ceramic plate whose perforations are intended to allow the gases present in the inner chamber of the transmitter 1 to exit. Coming out of the perforations, the gases are then burned on the outer surface 10, or combustion surface, of the burner plate 8 when there is a flame, and then come to heat the screen 2 placed facing the outer surface 10. In particular, as illustrated in Figure 1, the burner plate 8 may include an outer surface 10 crenellated or ribbed. Thus, the burner plate 8 can have, at the level of the external surface 10, different combustion surface levels, for example two. The outer surface 10 may for example comprise parallel ridges arranged obliquely over the entire surface of the burner plate 8.
[0048] De telles plaques de brûleur 8 avec plusieurs niveaux de surface de combustion sont notamment décrites dans le document WO 2010/003904. [0048] Such burner plates 8 with several combustion surface levels are described in particular in document WO 2010/003904.
[0049] La figure 2 illustre de manière schématique la forme générale d'un écran 12 selon la présente invention. L'écran 12 est formé par une plaque 14 formée par la juxtaposition de canaux, ou prismes, traversant 16, et comportant une surface principale inférieure 18 et une surface principale supérieure 20 (voir figure 3) qui sont parallèles dans le cas présent. La plaque 14 de l'écran 12 peut notamment comprendre un matériau conducteur thermique, par exemple en alliage métallique ou en carbure de silicium. Alternativement, la plaque 14 peut comprendre une céramique isolante thermiquement, par exemple en cordiérite ou alumine, revêtue d'un matériau conducteur thermique, tel que du carbure de silicium. Figure 2 schematically illustrates the general shape of a screen 12 according to the present invention. The screen 12 is formed by a plate 14 formed by the juxtaposition of channels, or prisms, passing through 16, and comprising a lower main surface 18 and an upper main surface 20 (see FIG. 3) which are parallel in the present case. The plate 14 of the screen 12 may in particular comprise a thermally conductive material, for example a metal alloy or silicon carbide. Alternatively, the plate 14 can comprise a thermally insulating ceramic, for example cordierite or alumina, coated with a heat conducting material, such as silicon carbide.
[0050] Plus précisément, la plaque 14 de l'écran 12 comporte une pluralité de canaux traversant 16, les canaux traversant s'étendant depuis la surface principale inférieure 18 jusqu'à la surface principale supérieure 20. Les canaux traversant 16 présentant une géométrie de prisme défini par une base polygonale et par un axe, c'est-à-dire une géométrie délimitée, dans l'espace, par une base polygonale inférieure, une base polygonale supérieure distante de la base polygonale inférieure, et des parois latérales reliant les côtés des bases polygonales entre elles. En particulier, les bases polygonales des différents prismes forment un pavage d'au moins une partie des surfaces principales supérieure et inférieure de la plaque 14. More specifically, the plate 14 of the screen 12 comprises a plurality of through channels 16, the through channels extending from the lower main surface 18 to the upper main surface 20. The through channels 16 having a geometry of prism defined by a polygonal base and by an axis, that is to say a geometry delimited, in space, by a lower polygonal base, an upper polygonal base distant from the lower polygonal base, and side walls connecting the sides of the polygonal bases between them. In particular, the polygonal bases of the different prisms form a paving of at least part of the upper and lower main surfaces of the plate 14.
[0051] Comme illustré sur la figure 2, les canaux 16 de la plaque 14 sont identiques et à base hexagonale, et s'étendent perpendiculairement aux surfaces principales supérieure 20 et inférieure 18. Dit autrement, les canaux 16 s'étendent selon un axe perpendiculaire aux surfaces principales supérieure 20 et inférieure 18. Les canaux 16 présentent donc une géométrie de prisme défini par une base hexagonale s'étendant dans le plan des surfaces principales 18, 20 de la plaque 14, et un axe perpendiculaire aux surfaces principales 18, 20. Les bases hexagonales supérieure et inférieure des canaux traversant 16 sont ainsi identiques, et les parois reliant les côtés des bases hexagonales sont des rectangles, éventuellement identiques (voir figure 3). Les canaux traversant 16 permettent de laisser circuler les gaz brûlés au niveau de la surface externe 10 de la plaque de brûleur 8, mais sont également chauffés par ceux-ci et peuvent alors émetre des infra-rouges. As illustrated in Figure 2, the channels 16 of the plate 14 are identical and hexagonal base, and extend perpendicular to the upper 20 and lower 18 main surfaces. In other words, the channels 16 extend along a axis perpendicular to the upper 20 and lower 18 main surfaces. The channels 16 therefore have a prism geometry defined by a hexagonal base extending in the plane of the main surfaces 18, 20 of the plate 14, and an axis perpendicular to the main surfaces 18 , 20. The upper and lower hexagonal bases of the through-channels 16 are thus identical, and the walls connecting the sides of the hexagonal bases are rectangles, possibly identical (see FIG. 3). The through channels 16 allow the burnt gases to circulate at the outer surface 10 of the burner plate 8, but are also heated by them and can then emit infrared.
[0052] La base hexagonale des canaux traversant 16 est choisie de manière à permetre un pavage d'au moins une partie de la surface principale supérieure 20 ou inférieure 18. Une base hexagonale permet d'obtenir une structure globale en nid d'abeille dans laquelle les prismes sont juxtaposés les uns aux autres de manière à ce que leurs bases recouvrent ladite partie de la surface principale supérieure 20 ou inférieure 18. En particulier, les parois latérales des canaux traversant 16 sont communes entre deux canaux traversant 16 adjacents, ou voisins. [0052] The hexagonal base of the through-channels 16 is chosen so as to allow paving of at least part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface. which the prisms are juxtaposed to each other so that their bases cover said part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface. In particular, the side walls of the through channels 16 are common between two adjacent or neighboring through channels 16 .
[0053] Cependant, la base hexagonale n'est pas la seule base polygonale permetant un pavage d'au moins une partie de la surface principale supérieure 20 ou inférieure 18. Les canaux traversant 16 peuvent ainsi être à base triangulaire, ou bien carrée comme illustré à la figure 4. [0053] However, the hexagonal base is not the only polygonal base allowing paving of at least part of the upper 20 or lower 18 main surface. shown in Figure 4.
[0054] De même, il est également possible d'envisager des canaux traversant 16 présentant des bases polygonales de même forme mais de tailles différentes. Ainsi, la taille de la base polygonale des canaux traversant 16 pourrait varier selon la position par rapport au centre et/ou aux extrémités de la plaque 14, tout en gardant un pavage d'au moins une partie de la surface principale de la plaque 14. Similarly, it is also possible to envisage through channels 16 having polygonal bases of the same shape but of different sizes. Thus, the size of the polygonal base of the crossing channels 16 could vary according to the position relative to the center and/or the ends of the plate 14, while keeping a paving of at least part of the main surface of the plate 14 .
[0055] Ainsi, grâce à l'utilisation de canaux traversant 16 juxtaposés de manière à ce que leurs bases forment un pavage d'au moins une partie de la surface principale de la plaque 14, on obtient un taux d'ouverture de la plaque particulièrement élevé, tout en gardant une structure mécanique stable et pérenne. La plaque selon l'invention peut ainsi présenter un taux d'ouverture supérieur ou égal à 40%, et plus généralement supérieur ou égal à 60%, voire supérieur ou égal à 80%. Dans le même temps, l'émetteur 1 peut présenter une puissance présenter une puissance supérieure ou égale à 50kW/m2, de préférence à 100kW/m2, voire à 200kW/m2. Thus, thanks to the use of channels crossing 16 juxtaposed so that their bases form a paving of at least part of the main surface of the plate 14, one obtains a rate of opening of the plate particularly high, while maintaining a stable and durable mechanical structure. The plate according to the invention can thus have a degree of opening greater than or equal to 40%, and more generally greater than or equal to 60%, or even greater than or equal to 80%. At the same time, the transmitter 1 can present a power present a power greater than or equal to 50 kW/m 2 , preferably 100 kW/m 2 , or even 200 kW/m 2 .
[0056] Afin d'améliorer la stabilité de fonctionnement, la plaque 14 peut également comprendre une ouverture traversante 24 de taille supérieure à celle des canaux traversant 16. L'ouverture traversante 24 permet d'améliorer le fonctionnement de l'émetteur, notamment à l'allumage. In order to improve the operating stability, the plate 14 can also comprise a through-opening 24 of larger size than that of the through-channels 16. The through-opening 24 makes it possible to improve the operation of the transmitter, in particular at ignition.
[0057] L'ouverture traversante 24 peut notamment être réalisée par perçage, par exemple à l'aide d'un foret, de la plaque 14, conduisant à la suppression de certaines parois des canaux 16. On peut alors obtenir une ouverture 24 plus grande que les canaux 16. De préférence, l'ouverture traversante 24 est réalisée au centre de la plaque 14. The through opening 24 can in particular be made by drilling, for example using a drill, the plate 14, leading to the removal of certain walls of the channels 16. It is then possible to obtain an opening 24 more larger than the channels 16. Preferably, the through opening 24 is made in the center of the plate 14.
[0058] La figure 3 illustre une coupe de l'écran 12 schématisé sur la figure 2. Comme cela est visible sur la figure 3, l'axe des canaux 16 de l'écran 12 est orienté selon la direction de circulation des gaz brûlés, c'est-à-dire de la surface externe de la plaque de brûleur 8 à la surface principale supérieure 20 de l'écran 12. [0058] Figure 3 illustrates a section of the screen 12 shown schematically in Figure 2. As can be seen in Figure 3, the axis of the channels 16 of the screen 12 is oriented in the direction of flow of the burnt gases , i.e. from the outer surface of the burner plate 8 to the upper major surface 20 of the screen 12.
[0059] Sur la figure 3, l'émetteur 1 ne comporte qu'un seul écran 12, et l'écran 12 ne comporte qu'une seule plaque 14. Toutefois, l'écran pourrait également comprendre plusieurs plaques 14 disposées dans un même plan, les unes à côté des autres, par exemple deux plaques 14 adjacentes, ou bien quatre plaques 14 disposées en carrée. Un tel mode de réalisation permet notamment d'obtenir des écrans de grande superficie, même lorsque les plaques 14 ne peuvent être fabriquées qu'en petites dimensions. Un tel mode de réalisation peut également être préféré lorsque l'émetteur 1 comporte plusieurs plaques de combustion 8 coplanaires. Dans ce cas, chaque plaque 14 de l'écran 12 peut être positionnée en regard d'une et une seule plaque de brûleur 8. [0060] Afin de limiter les risques de détérioration liés à la dilatation thermique et/ou aux chocs thermiques, des séparations, par exemple en matériau isolant thermiquement, peuvent être prévues entre les plaques 14 de l'écran 12, ou bien du jeu entre les plaques 14 peut être prévu afin de laisser un peu de liberté entre les plaques 14 entre elles et le contour périphérique de l'écran 14. In Figure 3, the transmitter 1 has only one screen 12, and the screen 12 has only one plate 14. However, the screen could also include several plates 14 arranged in the same plane, next to each other, for example two adjacent plates 14, or four plates 14 arranged in a square. Such an embodiment makes it possible in particular to obtain screens of large surface area, even when the plates 14 can only be manufactured in small dimensions. Such an embodiment can also be preferred when the emitter 1 comprises several coplanar combustion plates 8. In this case, each plate 14 of the screen 12 can be positioned facing one and only one burner plate 8. In order to limit the risks of deterioration linked to thermal expansion and/or thermal shock, separations, for example made of thermally insulating material, can be provided between the plates 14 of the screen 12, or else clearance between the plates 14 can be provided in order to leave a little freedom between the plates 14 between them and the peripheral contour of the screen 14.
[0061] Lorsque l'écran comporte plusieurs plaques 14 coplanaires, les canaux traversant 16 des différentes plaques peuvent être de taille ou de forme différente, par exemple certains à base carrée et d'autres à base hexagonale, ou bien encore orientés selon des directions différentes, par exemple dans le cas de canaux à base triangulaire. When the screen comprises several coplanar plates 14, the through channels 16 of the different plates can be of different size or shape, for example some with a square base and others with a hexagonal base, or even oriented in directions different, for example in the case of channels with a triangular base.
[0062] De même, l'ouverture traversante 24 de chaque plaque 14 peut ne pas être centrée par rapport à la plaque 14, mais au contraire être positionnée dans une zone centrale de l'écran 12. Similarly, the through opening 24 of each plate 14 may not be centered with respect to the plate 14, but on the contrary be positioned in a central zone of the screen 12.
[0063] Enfin, l'émetteur 1 peut également comprendre plusieurs écrans, c'est-à-dire plusieurs niveaux parallèles entre eux et parallèles à la plaque de brûleur 8, pouvant être chauffés et émettre des infra-rouges. Ainsi, les différents écrans peuvent tous comprendre une ou plusieurs plaques 14 avec des canaux 16 selon la présente invention. En particulier, la géométrie des canaux traversant 16 et/ou leur taille peuvent varier entre les différents écrans, selon la distance séparant l'écran de la plaque de brûleur 8. Alternativement, l'émetteur 1 peut comprendre au moins un écran avec une ou plusieurs plaques 14 présentant des canaux 16 selon la présente invention, en combinaison avec des écrans de l'art antérieur. Finally, the transmitter 1 can also include several screens, that is to say several levels parallel to each other and parallel to the burner plate 8, which can be heated and emit infrared. Thus, the different screens can all comprise one or more plates 14 with channels 16 according to the present invention. In particular, the geometry of the crossing channels 16 and/or their size may vary between the different screens, depending on the distance separating the screen from the burner plate 8. Alternatively, the transmitter 1 may comprise at least one screen with one or several plates 14 having channels 16 according to the present invention, in combination with screens of the prior art.
[0064] La figure 4 illustre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention. Plus précisément, la figure 4 illustre un écran 12' dans lequel les canaux traversant 16' sont des prismes présentant une base polygonale carrée. Figure 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention. More precisely, FIG. 4 illustrates a screen 12' in which the through channels 16' are prisms having a square polygonal base.
[0065] Comme illustré sur la figure 4, l'écran 12' selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ne présente pas une plaque 14 avec une structure en nid d'abeille, mais avec une structure quadrillée. Toutefois, les dimensions des différents canaux 16' restent identiques entre elles, même s'il est possible de prévoir des canaux avec des tailles différentes, deux fois plus grande par exemple. As illustrated in Figure 4, the screen 12 'according to the second embodiment of the invention does not have a plate 14 with a honeycomb structure, but with a grid structure. However, the dimensions of the various channels 16' remain identical to one another, even if it is possible to provide channels with different sizes, twice as large for example.
[0066] Comme pour le premier mode de réalisation, une ouverture traversante 24 peut être prévue, notamment au centre de la plaque 14'. [0067] Ainsi, grâce à la structure spécifique de l'écran selon la présente invention, il devient possible d'obtenir des propriétés de fonctionnement, notamment au démarrage de l'émetteur, qui sont meilleures que celles des émetteurs de l'art antérieur, tout en gardant un écran peu coûteux et fiable dans le temps. As for the first embodiment, a through opening 24 can be provided, in particular in the center of the plate 14'. Thus, thanks to the specific structure of the screen according to the present invention, it becomes possible to obtain operating properties, in particular when starting up the transmitter, which are better than those of the transmitters of the prior art. , while maintaining an inexpensive and reliable screen over time.

Claims

Revendications Claims
[Revendication 1] Emetteur (1) de rayonnement infra-rouge chauffé au gaz, comprenant au moins un écran rayonnant (12, 12'), par exemple en céramique et/ou métallique, sous forme d'au moins une plaque (14) comportant : [Claim 1] Emitter (1) of gas-heated infrared radiation, comprising at least one radiating screen (12, 12'), for example made of ceramic and/or metal, in the form of at least one plate (14) comprising:
- une surface principale inférieure (18) et une surface principale supérieure (20) distantes l'une de l'autre, et - a lower main surface (18) and an upper main surface (20) spaced from each other, and
- une pluralité de prismes traversants (16, 16') s'étendant depuis la surface principale inférieure (18) jusqu'à la surface principale supérieure (20), chaque prisme (16, 16') étant défini par une base polygonale et par un axe, caractérisé en ce que les prismes (16, 16') sont juxtaposés entre eux de manière à ce que leurs bases polygonales forment un pavage d'au moins une partie des surfaces principales inférieure (18) et supérieure (20) de ladite plaque (14). - a plurality of traversing prisms (16, 16') extending from the lower main surface (18) to the upper main surface (20), each prism (16, 16') being defined by a polygonal base and by an axis, characterized in that the prisms (16, 16') are juxtaposed with each other so that their polygonal bases form a tiling of at least part of the lower (18) and upper (20) main surfaces of the said plate (14).
[Revendication 2] Emetteur (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les bases des prismes (16, 16') sont toutes hexagonales, triangulaires ou carrées, et de préférence sont toutes identiques. [Claim 2] Transmitter (1) according to claim 1, in which the bases of the prisms (16, 16') are all hexagonal, triangular or square, and preferably are all identical.
[Revendication 3] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les surfaces principales inférieure (18) et supérieure (20) sont parallèles entre elles, dans laquelle l'axe des prismes (16, 16') est perpendiculaire aux surfaces principales (18, 20) et dans laquelle la base des prismes (16, 16') est la section transversale des prismes (16, 16'). [Claim 3] A transmitter (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the lower (18) and upper (20) major surfaces are parallel to each other, wherein the axis of the prisms (16, 16') is perpendicular to the major surfaces (18, 20) and wherein the base of the prisms (16, 16') is the cross section of the prisms (16, 16').
[Revendication 4] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite au moins une plaque (14) comprend également une ouverture traversante (24), de préférence centrale et par exemple circulaire, de taille supérieure à celle des prismes traversants (16, 16'), afin de faciliter et d'accélérer l'allumage de l'émetteur (1). [Claim 4] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said at least one plate (14) also comprises a through opening (24), preferably central and for example circular, of larger size than that of the through prisms (16, 16'), in order to facilitate and accelerate the ignition of the transmitter (1).
[Revendication 5] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite au moins une plaque (14) présente un taux d'ouverture supérieur ou égal à 40%, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 50% et plus préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 60%. [Claim 5] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said at least one plate (14) has an opening rate greater than or equal to 40%, preferably greater than or equal to 50% and more preferably greater than or equal to 60%.
[Revendication 6] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant plusieurs écrans (12, 12') sous forme d'au moins une plaque (14), lesdits écrans (12, 12') sous forme d'au moins une plaque étant disposés dans plusieurs plans parallèles entre eux, par exemple deux plans parallèles entre eux, et éventuellement disposés à distance entre eux. [Claim 6] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising several screens (12, 12') in the form of at least one plate (14), said screens (12, 12') in the form of at least one plate being arranged in several planes parallel to each other, for example two planes parallel to each other, and optionally arranged at a distance from each other.
[Revendication 7] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'écran (12, 12') comprend au moins deux plaques (14) montées adjacentes dans un même plan, lesdites au moins deux plaques (14) étant séparées, à température ambiante, par un matériau isolant thermique ou bien lesdites au moins deux plaques étant montées avec du jeu entre elles dans ledit même plan. [Claim 7] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the screen (12, 12') comprises at least two plates (14) mounted adjacent in the same plane, the said at least two plates (14 ) being separated, at room temperature, by a heat insulating material or said at least two plates being mounted with clearance between them in said same plane.
[Revendication 8] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite plaque (14) est en matériau conducteur thermique, par exemple en alliage métallique ou en carbure de silicium ou en carbure de silicium infiltré de silicium ou en nitrure de silicium, ou bien est en céramique isolant thermiquement, par exemple en cordiérite ou alumine, revêtue d'un conducteur thermique, par exemple du carbure de silicium ou du carbure de silicium infiltré de silicium ou du nitrure de silicium. [Claim 8] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the said plate (14) is made of thermally conductive material, for example a metal alloy or silicon carbide or silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or silicon nitride, or else is made of thermally insulating ceramic, for example cordierite or alumina, coated with a thermal conductor, for example silicon carbide or silicon carbide infiltrated with silicon or silicon nitride.
[Revendication 9] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une plaque de brûleur (8), ladite plaque de brûleur (8) servant de surface de combustion (10), ledit écran (12, 12') sous forme d'au moins une plaque (14) étant positionné du côté de la surface de combustion (10) de ladite plaque de brûleur (8). [Claim 9] A transmitter (1) according to any preceding claim, comprising a burner plate (8), said burner plate (8) serving as a combustion surface (10), said screen (12, 12') in the form of at least one plate (14) being positioned on the side of the combustion surface (10) of said burner plate (8).
[Revendication 10] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant également un ou plusieurs écrans supplémentaires, par exemple formés de barreaux ou d'une grille métallique notamment tissée, disposés dans un ou plusieurs plans parallèles au plan dudit écran (12, 12') sous forme d'au moins une plaque (14), et éventuellement disposés à distance dudit écran (12, 12') sous forme d'au moins une plaque (14). [Claim 10] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, also comprising one or more additional screens, for example formed of bars or of a metal grid, in particular woven, arranged in one or more planes parallel to the plane of said screen (12, 12') in the form of at least one plate (14), and optionally arranged at a distance from said screen (12, 12') in the form of at least one plate (14).
[Revendication 11] Emetteur (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque prisme (16, 16') présente un facteur de forme, par exemple un rapport de la dimension selon l'axe sur la plus grande dimension de la base, supérieur à 3, de préférence supérieur à 10 et plus préférentiellement supérieur à 30. [Claim 11] Transmitter (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which each prism (16, 16') has a form factor, for example a ratio of the dimension along the axis to the largest dimension of the base, greater than 3, preferably greater than 10 and more preferably greater than 30.
EP21816457.2A 2020-12-03 2021-11-25 Infrared radiation emitter Pending EP4256234A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2012582A FR3117191B1 (en) 2020-12-03 2020-12-03 Infrared radiation emitter
PCT/EP2021/083005 WO2022117434A1 (en) 2020-12-03 2021-11-25 Infrared radiation emitter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4256234A1 true EP4256234A1 (en) 2023-10-11

Family

ID=74592162

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21816457.2A Pending EP4256234A1 (en) 2020-12-03 2021-11-25 Infrared radiation emitter

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240003537A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4256234A1 (en)
CN (1) CN116685806A (en)
FR (1) FR3117191B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2022117434A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1218375B (en) * 1959-02-04 1966-06-08 Stettner & Co Fabrik Elektroke Burners for gaseous or liquid fuels
DE19901145A1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-20 Krieger Gmbh & Co Kg Infrared heater designed as a surface heater
EP1476697B1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2010-10-20 Voith Patent GmbH Planar infra-red emitter
WO2010003904A1 (en) 2008-07-08 2010-01-14 Nv Bekaert Sa Improved radiant burner
WO2015110303A1 (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Solaronics S.A. Gas fired radiant emitter
WO2017156440A1 (en) 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Selas Heat Technology Company Llc High intensity gas fired infrared emitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3117191B1 (en) 2023-02-10
US20240003537A1 (en) 2024-01-04
FR3117191A1 (en) 2022-06-10
WO2022117434A1 (en) 2022-06-09
CN116685806A (en) 2023-09-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2577803A1 (en) Filtering block with fins for filtering particles contained in an internal combustion engine exhaust gases
EP3175181B1 (en) Improved enthalpy exchanger
CA2569563C (en) Turbine blade with improved cooling characteristics and useful life
FR2473621A1 (en) DAWN OF TURBINE DISPENSER
CA2987526A1 (en) Annular wall of a combustion chamber with optimised cooling
FR2574220A1 (en) COLORED FLUORESCENT LAMP SET
EP1649149B1 (en) Block for the filtration of particles contained in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine
EP4256234A1 (en) Infrared radiation emitter
FR3055951A1 (en) ENTHALPIC EXCHANGER WITH SIMPLIFIED DESIGN
FR2610094A1 (en) OVEN FOR COOKING CERAMIC MATERIALS, WITH A CORNER ELEMENT COMPRISING MEANS OF RESISTANCE TO THERMAL AND / OR MECHANICAL CONSTRAINTS
EP0235033B1 (en) Modular building element
EP0099835B1 (en) Heat exchanger with a modular structure
EP4058730A1 (en) Infrared radiation emitter
FR2503836A1 (en) Large area multiple flame burner - has perforated ceramic block supported at metal housings and with retaining rods
BE535753A (en)
WO2013001223A1 (en) Heat regenerator
EP0893546A1 (en) Hollow construction element with interior webs for making walls
WO1989001599A1 (en) Jet impact heat exchanger
FR2948656A1 (en) REGENERATOR OF OVEN GLASS.
FR2549211A1 (en) Oven for baking ceramic materials, with a roof element comprising means for withstanding thermal and/or mechanical stresses.
CA3221971A1 (en) Heat exchanger
WO2024008644A1 (en) Device for thermal regulation, in particular for cooling
EP0631091A1 (en) Low NOx gas burner
FR2528951A1 (en) DEVICE FOR RECOVERING CALORIES IN A FIREPLACE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
FR2685447A1 (en) IMPROVED GRID BURNER AND HEATING INSTALLATION EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A BURNER.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20230526

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)