EP4246549A1 - Procédé de commande des états de commutation - Google Patents

Procédé de commande des états de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4246549A1
EP4246549A1 EP22162226.9A EP22162226A EP4246549A1 EP 4246549 A1 EP4246549 A1 EP 4246549A1 EP 22162226 A EP22162226 A EP 22162226A EP 4246549 A1 EP4246549 A1 EP 4246549A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
contactors
control unit
constellation
switching signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22162226.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Meier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP22162226.9A priority Critical patent/EP4246549A1/fr
Publication of EP4246549A1 publication Critical patent/EP4246549A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • H01H2089/065—Coordination between protection and remote control, e.g. protection job repartition, mutual assistance or monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/03—Application domotique, e.g. for house automation, bus connected switches, sensors, loads or intelligent wiring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling switching states and a bus system.
  • an interlocking device is a device that makes the operation of an electrical device dependent on the state, position or operation of one or more other devices (IEV- Number 441-16-40 MOD).
  • a lock serves to prevent unsafe operation, protect personnel and avoid hazards (IEV number 395-07-120).
  • Contactors are often provided with a lock, i.e. H. an intentional blocking of one shooter by another.
  • a lock e.g. B. in the form of a contactor lock or a reversing contactor circuit, if a first circuit is closed, a second circuit cannot be closed as a result of an open locking contact.
  • This locking function can be implemented electromechanically using auxiliary switches present on the contactor:
  • the auxiliary switches interrupt the power supply to a second contactor when a first contactor is activated.
  • a de-energizing of a contactor in the context of a locking prevents the contactor from being included in a communication system because a permanent power supply to the participants in the communication system is necessary in order to be able to maintain communication in the communication system.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved locking of contactors.
  • the method according to the invention is used to control the switching states of two or more contactors in a switchgear.
  • a bus system is provided which has a bus line as well as a control unit and actuators.
  • the actuators can be controlled by the control unit.
  • the control unit and the actuators are participants in the bus system, which are connected to each other by the bus line.
  • the contactors are assigned the role of actuators of the bus system.
  • a data record is also provided in the bus system. The data record contains information about which contactors in the bus system are locked against each other, i.e. H. whose operation depends on a condition, position or operation of one or more of the other shooters within the group.
  • the contactors of the bus system which are locked against each other, form a locking group, or group for short.
  • the data record also contains information as to which switching constellations, which can be formed from possible switching states of the group's contactors, are defined as permissible or impermissible; this information may be referred to as “relationship data.” If a switching signal from the control unit is present, it is checked to which future switching constellation the switching signal would lead based on a current switching constellation. If an impermissible switching constellation occurs, the switching signal is rejected. In addition, the control unit can be informed about the rejection of the switching signal via the bus system.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that integrating contactors into a communication system as full-fledged communication participants requires a new type of locking because it is no longer possible to de-energize a contactor;
  • full means that the contactor is continuously supplied with voltage and can therefore receive and send information at any time.
  • the invention proposes to provide a data set containing information in a bus system in which the contactors to be locked are communication participants contains which of the switching constellations that can be formed from possible switching states of the contactors are defined as permissible or impermissible. Switching the contactors into one of the switching constellations defined as impermissible is consistently ruled out; In this way, the contactors are locked.
  • the invention therefore allows shooters to be integrated as full participants in a communication system.
  • a constant diagnosis of the contactor is therefore possible, e.g. B. with regard to the number of switching cycles, wear, temperature, power consumption, signal quality.
  • Contactors connected as bus participants using a bus system could deliver this information to a higher-level controller at any time.
  • TIA Totally Integrated Automation
  • the information in the data set describes the dependencies of the switching states of the various actuators. These dependencies mean that certain switching constellations can be excluded for the system before the program is created.
  • the task is further solved by a computer program with the features specified in claim 7.
  • the computer program according to the invention is used for execution in a bus system.
  • the bus system has two or more contactors that are assigned the role of actuators of the bus system, a control unit for controlling the actuators, a bus line to which the contactors and the control unit are connected for communication, and a data set.
  • the data record contains information as to which of the switching constellations that can be formed from possible switching states of the contactors are defined as permissible or impermissible.
  • the contactors and/or the control unit are designed to check, in the case of an pending switching signal from the control unit, which future switching constellation the switching signal would lead to based on a current switching constellation, and to reject the switching signal if there is an impermissible switching constellation would have to be carried out.
  • the task outlined is also solved by a computer program product according to the invention.
  • the computer program product is designed to be executable in a separate control unit or in a control unit that is integrated in a contactor.
  • the computer program product can be designed as software or firmware to be stored in a memory and executable by an arithmetic unit. Alternatively or additionally, the computer program product can also be designed at least partially as a hard-wired circuit, for example as an ASIC.
  • the computer program product is designed to receive and evaluate control data and generate commands (switching signals) to a switching unit of a contactor.
  • the computer program product is according to the invention trained to implement and carry out at least one embodiment of the method outlined.
  • the computer program product can combine all partial functions of the method, i.e. be designed monolithically.
  • the computer program product can also be designed to be segmented and distribute partial functions to segments that are executed on separate hardware.
  • part of the method can be carried out in a separate control unit of a bus system or in a control unit that is integrated into a contactor of the bus system, and another part of the method can be carried out in a control unit superordinate to the bus system, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a computer cloud.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • the computer program product can be loaded directly into the internal memory of a digital computing device and includes software code sections with which steps c) and d) of the method described herein are carried out when the product is running on the computing device.
  • the computing unit is in particular a computing unit for controlling the protective switching elements in a power supply network according to the invention.
  • the computer program product may be stored on a storage medium such as a USB memory stick, a DVD or CD-ROM, flash memory, EEPROM or an SD card.
  • the computer program product may also be in the form of a signal loadable over a wired or wireless network.
  • the method is preferably implemented in the form of a computer program.
  • the invention is therefore, on the one hand, a computer program with program code instructions that can be executed by a computer and, on the other hand, a storage medium with such a computer program, i.e. a computer program product with program code means, and finally also an energy source or a tertiary control unit, in its memory as a means for When carrying out the method and its configurations, such a computer program is loaded or can be loaded.
  • the bus system has two or more contactors, which are assigned the role of actuators of the bus system.
  • the bus system has a control unit for controlling the actuators.
  • the bus system has a bus line to which the contactors and the control unit are connected for communication.
  • the bus system has a data record which contains information as to which of the switching constellations that can be formed from possible switching states of the contactors are defined as permissible or impermissible.
  • the contactors and/or the control unit are designed to do so, in the case of a pending switching signal from the control unit to check which future switching constellation the switching signal would lead to based on a current switching constellation and to reject the switching signal if it would result in an impermissible switching constellation.
  • the information as to which contactors of a bus system belong to the group of contactors whose switching states must be coordinated with regard to the interlocking is contained in the data record: since the data record contains information as to which of the switching constellations that can be formed from possible switching states of the contactors, are defined as permissible or impermissible, all contactors whose switching status is taken into account in the switching constellations belong to the group.
  • a contactor which receives a switching signal from the control unit addressed to it, determines a current switching constellation by the contactor determining the current switching states of the other contactors mentioned in the data record, i.e. H. the other shooters in the group check with these shooters.
  • the addressed contactor then carries out the switching signal if a switching constellation resulting from the switching signal is permitted.
  • the contactors hear the switching signals from the control unit, which are sent to the respective other shooters named in the data record, ie the other shooters in the group, are addressed.
  • a contactor which receives a switching signal from the control unit addressed to it, determines a current switching constellation on the basis of overheard switching signals. The addressed contactor executes the switching signal if the resulting switching constellation of the contactors is permitted.
  • the actuators don't just listen to the data telegrams that are intended for them. Telegrams from associated actors from the same group are also listened for. These telegrams are advantageously also subject to connection monitoring in order to be able to react to missing telegrams.
  • the advantage here is that no data cross-traffic between data sets has to be implemented.
  • the control unit determines a current switching constellation based on previously executed switching signals of the control unit.
  • the control unit rejects a switching signal if it would result in an impermissible switching constellation.
  • a contactor queries the current switching states of the other contactors mentioned in the data set by means of a bus telegram, which allows cross-data traffic between the actuators.
  • a bus telegram can be used in the bus system that allows an actor, before the actor carries out an action, to find out from all other known actors of a defined group of actors whether the requesting actor is allowed to carry out this action. It is an advantage that the shooters are in a group can be addressed by several control units that issue uncoordinated commands to the contactors.
  • the addressed contactor if a switching constellation of the contactors resulting from the switching signal is inadmissible, the addressed contactor sends an error message to the control unit.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is a computer-readable medium on which the above-described computer program according to the invention according to claim 7 is stored.
  • Fig. 1 shows a bus system BS, which has a bus line BL and four actuators A, A1, A2, A3, A4 as bus participants and a control unit SE for controlling the actuators A, A1, A2, A3, A4.
  • the control unit SE and the actuators A are electrically connected to one another through the bus line BL.
  • the bus participants A, S can communicate with each other via the bus line BL and receive electrical energy from an energy source, e.g. B. a power supply.
  • the bus system can run under any bus protocol, e.g. B. the Industrial Ethernet standard Profinet according to IEC 61158-1:2019 Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications.
  • Three actuators A1, A2, A3 of the four actuators A are contactors S1, S2, S3, which should be locked against each other, the fourth actuator A is any other device.
  • a user provides a data set DS in the bus system BS, in which it is defined that the contactors S1, S2, S3 form a group G of bus participants A1, A2, A3, within which a locking is implemented, and in in which locking regulations are defined.
  • Fig. 2 shows a table showing the locking regulations stored in the data record DS.
  • the data record DS can either only be communicated to the control unit SE or also to the actuators A.
  • Fig. 3 shows an MSC of a first embodiment of the method, in which a contactor S1, which receives a switching signal from the control unit SE addressed to it, determines a current switching constellation by determining the current switching states of the other contactors S2, S3 mentioned in the data record DS Protect S2, S3 polls.
  • the data record DS was communicated to the contactors S1, S2, S3 named in the data record DS when the bus system started up.
  • the control unit SE sends a switching signal 31, in which the first contactor S1 is requested to be switched on, via the bus line BL.
  • the first contactor S1 to which the switch-on command contained in the switching signal 31 is directed, has received the switching signal 31, it sends requests 32, 33 to the other contactors S2, S3 mentioned in the data record, with these requests 32, 33 queries the current switching states of the contactors S2, S3.
  • the query is carried out using a bus telegram from the bus system, which allows cross-data traffic between the actuators.
  • the group of shooters therefore forms a self-monitoring interlocking group. Combining actuators into self-monitoring switching groups frees the user from additional safety measures (e.g.
  • auxiliary switches also protects them from defects that could arise if actuators respond at the same time (e.g. a short circuit (phase circuit). , if a reversing contactor is activated at the same time as a normal contactor).
  • the two requested contactors S2, S3 send their current switching status 34, 35 back to the first contactor S1.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1 is allowed to switch on, as can be seen from the locking regulations in the data record DS. Consequently, the first contactor S1 switches on 36.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1 is not allowed to switch on, as can be seen from the locking regulations in the data record DS. Consequently, the first contactor S1 does not switch on, but sends an error message 37 to the control unit SE.
  • Fig. 4 shows an MSC of a second embodiment of the method, in which the contactors listen in on switching signals from the control unit that are addressed to the other contactors mentioned in the data record, and a contactor, which receives a switching signal from the control unit addressed to it, shows a current switching constellation Based on overheard switching signals.
  • the data record DS was communicated to the contactors S1, S2, S3 named in the data record DS when the bus system started up.
  • the eavesdropping contactors store the information that is relevant to a switching state or a switching constellation in a memory.
  • the control unit SE requests that the first contactor S1 be switched on.
  • the control unit SE determines the current switching states of the other contactors S2 mentioned in the data record from the information that it has heard in the past, S3.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1, as required by the locking regulations in the data record DS can be switched on. Consequently, the first contactor S1 switches on 44.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1 is not allowed to switch on, as can be seen from the locking regulations in the data record DS. Consequently, the first contactor S1 does not switch on, but sends an error message 45 to the control unit SE.
  • Fig. 5 shows an MSC of a third embodiment of the method, in which the control unit SE, which has a switching signal pending, determines a current switching constellation based on previously executed switching signals of the control unit. For this purpose, the data record DS was communicated to the control unit SE when the bus system started up.
  • a switching signal is generated with which the first contactor S1 is to be switched on.
  • the control unit SE determines a current switching constellation of the contactors S1, S2, S3 based on previously executed switching signals from the control unit SE.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S1, S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1 is allowed to switch on, as the control unit SE takes from the locking regulations in the data record DS. Consequently, the control unit SE sends a switching signal 51 addressed to the first contactor S1 via the bus line BL. The first contactor S1 then switches on 53.
  • the current switching states of the contactors S1, S2, S3 are such that the first contactor S1 is not allowed to switch on, as the control unit SE takes from the locking regulations in the data record DS. Consequently, the control unit rejects the switching signal and the control unit SE does not send a switching signal 51 addressed to the first contactor S1 via the bus line BL.
  • the control unit therefore monitors the locking group.
  • the control unit carries out post-processing of the protocols:
  • the control unit can use the data record to query which switch-on relationships are not allowed to occur and detects incorrect activation before it sends switching signals (telegrams) to the actuators.

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  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
EP22162226.9A 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Procédé de commande des états de commutation Pending EP4246549A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22162226.9A EP4246549A1 (fr) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Procédé de commande des états de commutation

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EP22162226.9A EP4246549A1 (fr) 2022-03-15 2022-03-15 Procédé de commande des états de commutation

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EP4246549A1 true EP4246549A1 (fr) 2023-09-20

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19626502A1 (de) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-15 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Sensor-Aktor-Bussystem
US20090040673A1 (en) * 2007-07-10 2009-02-12 Guillaume Maigret Group protection module for a switchgear arrangement and switchgear arrangement having such a group protection module
DE102016110641B3 (de) * 2016-06-09 2017-11-16 Beckhoff Automation Gmbh Feldbusmodul und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Feldbussystems

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19626502A1 (de) * 1996-07-02 1998-01-15 Leuze Electronic Gmbh & Co Sensor-Aktor-Bussystem
US20090040673A1 (en) * 2007-07-10 2009-02-12 Guillaume Maigret Group protection module for a switchgear arrangement and switchgear arrangement having such a group protection module
DE102016110641B3 (de) * 2016-06-09 2017-11-16 Beckhoff Automation Gmbh Feldbusmodul und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Feldbussystems

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