EP4244928A1 - Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, and battery cell - Google Patents

Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, and battery cell

Info

Publication number
EP4244928A1
EP4244928A1 EP21801552.7A EP21801552A EP4244928A1 EP 4244928 A1 EP4244928 A1 EP 4244928A1 EP 21801552 A EP21801552 A EP 21801552A EP 4244928 A1 EP4244928 A1 EP 4244928A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
battery cell
closure strip
cell closure
battery
base body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21801552.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gerd Schollenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4244928A1 publication Critical patent/EP4244928A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell in prismatic or pouch design, as well as battery cell
  • the invention relates to a battery cell closure strip for a battery cell in a prismatic or pouch design and a battery cell.
  • Electric vehicle traction batteries currently consist of a large number of lithium battery cells. Such battery cells are increasingly being manufactured in the form of so-called prismatic battery cells and in the form of pouch battery cells, especially since these designs have the most economically interesting development potential. These designs are characterized by low mass and low manufacturing costs. A typical traction battery with an output voltage of 800 V and a cell voltage of 3.7 V therefore has at least 1216 cells. As the smallest components of the traction battery, the lithium battery cells are wear parts and represent potential sources of danger when operating electric vehicles. In contrast to the round cells surrounded by rigid metal housings, or to some extent also with prismatic cells, the pouch cell cannot compensate for any significant pressure build-up. Even relatively low internal pressure conditions allow the very thin shell made of an aluminum-thermoplastic compound to inflate.
  • a so-called degassing valve is often used in lithium battery cells, through which the gas can escape from the battery cell into the environment.
  • a degassing valve is known, for example, from PCT/DE98/02218.
  • the operational use of lithium battery cells can also lead to so-called "thermal runaway", in which the battery cell very quickly becomes very warm when a temperature limit is exceeded and several hundred degrees are reached inexorably within milliseconds be able.
  • the heat triggers a chemical reaction inside the cell, in which some combustible and toxic gases such as CO2, methane (CH4), hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen oxides NOx, N2O, other hydrocarbons (ethene, ethine, benzene, etc.) ) and oxygen are released.
  • CO2 methane
  • HF hydrofluoric acid
  • H2 hydrogen
  • nitrogen oxides NOx, N2O other hydrocarbons (ethene, ethine, benzene, etc.) ) and oxygen are released.
  • the battery cell catches fire or explodes. Possible causes are an internal or external short circuit as well as excessive currents when charging/discharging. If, as a result, other battery cells of the
  • the battery cell closure strip according to the invention is particularly suitable for a battery cell with a prismatic or pouch design.
  • the battery closure row serves as part of the housing of the individual battery cell and can be bonded to the rest of the housing in a gas-tight manner, welded in a gas-tight manner or connected in a gas-tight manner to the rest of the housing of the battery cell in some other way.
  • the battery cell closure strip comprises a base body with a degassing channel which extends along the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip from an inside of the battery cell closure strip to the outside of the battery cell closure strip. The vertical axis of the battery closure row is aligned vertically when the battery cell closure strip is in use.
  • the degassing channel is closed during regular operation of the battery cell sealing strip by means of a media-actuated sealing element, which only closes the degassing channel when a predefined atmospheric response pressure or limit pressure P
  • the limit pressure P Hm can be, for example, between 80 and 120 mbar above atmospheric pressure.
  • the battery cell closure strip also includes an emergency degassing channel, which has an opening cross section that is at least 10 times larger than the degassing channel and which is closed by means of a bursting valve, which opens when a specified (target) bursting pressure P k nt is reached or exceeded with P crit > Piim releases the emergency degassing channel, preferably upwards in the direction of the vertical axis.
  • the battery cell sealing strip thus ensures degassing of the battery cell provided with the battery sealing strip in the event of unavoidable gas formation inside.
  • the sealing element efficiently prevents the undesired ingress of gases and moisture, which could lead to the impairment of the capacity of the battery cells or to their damage or even destruction.
  • the activation pressure of the bursting valve can be 1.5 bar, for example.
  • the bursting valve includes an explosive cover.
  • an explosive cap is understood to be a cap that is blown off from its sealing seat on the battery closure strip when the bursting valve is activated be glued, welded or press-fitted to the battery cell closure strip.
  • the explosive cover can consist of a rubber-elastic deformable material.
  • the explosive cover is preferably arranged with a press fit in or on the battery closure strip.
  • the explosive cover can be arranged in particular on a retaining flange of the base body and can encompass it circumferentially, preferably on both sides. This simplifies the assembly of the battery closure row and enables the emergency vent opening to be reliably sealed while the bursting valve still responds sufficiently reliably.
  • the bursting valve comprises a so-called bursting membrane.
  • a particularly precise response behavior of the bursting valve can be achieved by such a bursting membrane.
  • Such bursting membranes are also available on the market at low cost and are easy to assemble on the base body.
  • a cutting element in particular a pneumatically actuated cutting piston, is movably mounted on the base body of the battery cell closure strip.
  • the bursting membrane can be perforated particularly reliably by the cutting element during operational use of the battery cell closure strip and when a predefined internal (target) bursting pressure P crit is reached.
  • the cutting element can in particular consist of plastic or the same material as the rest of the base body.
  • the cutting element is preferably mounted on the base body in a translationally displaceable manner.
  • the sealing element preferably has a, preferably circumferential, sealing lip which, in a sealing position closing the degassing channel on a sealing surface of the battery cell sealing strip, can be moved into an open position releasing the degassing channel, in which the sealing lip is arranged at least in sections at a distance from the sealing surface of the battery cell sealing strip .
  • sealing elements are well known and have a good response to pressure changes.
  • the sealing element is preferably arranged in a seal holding structure, in particular in the form of a recess, held in the battery cell sealing strip.
  • the seal holding structure is preferably formed on an extension of the base body, which extends away from the rest of the base body in an axial direction to the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip.
  • the seal holding structure and thus the sealing element can thus be spaced apart from the bursting valve, which means that the battery cell closure element can be designed particularly compact in terms of width and depth. This is advantageous in view of the very limited installation space in mobility applications.
  • the bursting valve and the sealing element are therefore preferably offset relative to one another in the direction of the vertical axis.
  • the seal holding structure can be designed in particular as a recess in the base body, which extends transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip.
  • a particularly flat design of the battery cell closure strip is possible. This is particularly advantageous for pouch battery cells.
  • the battery cell closure strip very particularly preferably has the terminals or bushings for the terminals, i.e. the electrical pole contact pins or lugs, of the battery cell. Reliable guidance, splinting and sealing of the terminals can be achieved by means of the battery cell closure strip.
  • the terminals can be glued to the base body, for example, or can be embedded in the material of the base body in a gas-tight manner without the use of any further adhesive. This can simplify the assembly of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell closure strip particularly preferably has a filling opening for the battery cell, which can be closed by means of a closure element, in particular a conical or cylindrical plug, preferably mounted in the battery cell closure strip.
  • a closure element in particular a conical or cylindrical plug
  • the main body of the battery cell closure strip can consist of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic.
  • the battery closure strip can be manufactured in a cost-effective manner. A return to the material cycle is also simplified.
  • a first battery cell according to the invention is designed as a prismatic or a pouch battery cell, the housing of which comprises a battery cell closure strip according to one of the preceding claims.
  • the battery cell can in particular be a lithium battery cell and is particularly suitable for the traction battery of an electric vehicle. It goes without saying that the battery cell has the battery cell sealing strip on its upper side in the perpendicular direction in the installed state.
  • Another battery cell according to the invention comprising a prismatic housing, is characterized in that the housing is closed on the top by means of a battery cell sealing strip, the battery sealing strip having a base body with a degassing channel that extends from an inside of the battery cell sealing strip to the outside of the battery cell sealing strip, the degassing channel in the Controlled operation of the battery cell closure strip is closed by means of a media-actuated sealing element, which opens the degassing channel when a predefined limit pressure P is reached or exceeded im releases in the battery cell and when a critical bursting pressure P knt with Pknt > Plim in the battery cell is reached or exceeded, the battery cell closure strip is separated from the rest of the housing, in particular completely ejected, in order to enable emergency degassing of the battery cell.
  • an emergency degassing channel is created by detaching the battery sealing strip.
  • the emergency degassing opening or the emergency degassing channel preferably has an opening cross section A1 through which flow can flow that is at least 10 times greater than that of the degassing channel.
  • a directed Degassing and possibly flame formation along the vertical axis allows upwards.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a battery sealing strip according to the invention with an integrated degassing channel and an emergency degassing channel;
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the battery closure strip according to FIG. 1 in the area of the degassing channel with the sealing element removed;
  • FIG. 3 shows the battery sealing strip according to FIG. 1 in a detail representation of a section of the media-actuated sealing element of the degassing channel;
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery sealing strip, in which the bursting valve of the emergency degassing channel and the sealing element of the degassing channel are arranged offset in relation to one another in an axial direction relative to the vertical axis of the battery sealing strip;
  • FIG. 5 shows the battery closure strip according to FIG. 4 in a schematic sectional view
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery sealing strip, in which the emergency degassing channel is closed by means of a bursting membrane, the terminals being firmly connected to the base body of the battery cell sealing strip;
  • FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery closure strip, in which the emergency degassing channel is closed by means of a bursting membrane;
  • FIG. 8 shows a prismatic battery cell (without content) with a battery closure line, which has a cutting piston for pressure-controlled perforation of the bursting membrane, in a sectional view;
  • Figs. 9a, 9b a pouch battery cell (Fig. 9a) with a
  • Battery closure line which has a degassing channel according to one of the preceding Figs. 1 to 8 and the through
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a battery closure strip 10 for a battery cell in a prismatic or pouch design.
  • Such battery cells are used in particular in traction batteries of electric vehicles due to their compact, lightweight design, but have the disadvantage of a housing that is not very pressure-resistant with respect to gas formation inside the battery cell.
  • the battery closure strip 10 has a base body 12 with an inside 14 and an outside 16 . in the installed state, the inside 14 faces the inside of the housing of the battery cell.
  • the battery closure strip 10 can have the terminals 18, ie the electrical battery poles of the battery cell, or at least be provided with a through-hole 20 for the terminals 18. In the former case, the terminals 18 can be embedded in the material of the base body 12, glued in place or held in a sealed manner in some other way.
  • the battery closure strip 10 has a degassing channel 22 which extends along the vertical axis V of the battery closure strip 10 from the inside 14 to the outside 16 of the battery closure strip 10 .
  • the degassing channel 22 is provided with a valve 24 with a media-actuated sealing element 26 .
  • the degassing channel 22 is sealed in a gas-tight manner by means of the sealing element 26 during normal operation of the battery cell sealing strip 10 .
  • acting on the inside of the sealing element 26 is reached or exceeded A deformation of the sealing element 26 is brought about in the battery cell in such a way that the sealing element 26 fluidly releases the degassing channel 22 in order to thus enable degassing of the battery cell.
  • the response pressure or limit pressure Piim of the sealing element 26 can be, for example, 0.1 bar (above atmospheric pressure).
  • the battery cell closure strip 10 therefore also has an emergency degassing channel 28 .
  • the emergency degassing channel 28 is formed separately from the degassing channel 22 in the base body 12 .
  • the emergency degassing channel 28 is sealed gas-tight by means of a bursting valve 30 .
  • the bursting valve 30 is designed in such a way that when it reaches or exceeds a bursting pressure P crit acting on the inside of the bursting valve 30 with P crit >P
  • the bursting pressure P crit can be 1.5 bar, for example.
  • the emergency degassing channel 28 has an opening cross section through which a flow can flow that is at least 10 times larger.
  • the bursting valve 30 can comprise an explosive cover 32 or be formed by it.
  • the explosive cover 32 is preferably made of plastic, for example a rubber-elastic deformable material.
  • the main body 12 battery cell closure strip 10 has a peripheral connection surface 34 which serves to fasten the pouch-shaped or prismatic battery cell housing to the battery cell closure strip 10 in a gas-tight manner. This can be done by welding, gluing or in some other way familiar to a person skilled in the art.
  • the base body 12 has a seal holding structure 36 for the sealing element 26 in the form of a recess, which is circular in this case by way of example.
  • the recess is delimited all around by a wall 38 .
  • the wall 38 can form a circumferential shoulder 40 which serves as a sealing surface for the sealing element 26 .
  • the sealing element 26 is shown in the installed state.
  • the sealing element 26 has a sealing lip 42 , which in this case is circumferential, for example, and which during regular operation of the battery cell strip 10 rests against the sealing surface in a prestressed, axial direction relative to the longitudinal axis L of the recess.
  • the sealing element 26 can have a projection 44 with which it is supported in a direction axial to the longitudinal axis L on the base body 12 .
  • the inside inlet 46 and the outside outlet 48 of the degassing channel 22 are clearly visible.
  • the longitudinal axis L of the recess is arranged to run orthogonally with respect to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip 10 . As a result, a sufficiently compact design for the battery cells relevant here can be realized with the battery closure strip 10 .
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 explained embodiment differs essentially in the geometric position of the sealing element 26 relative to the bursting valve 30.
  • the seal retaining structure 36 is formed on an extension 50 of the base body 12 which extends away from the rest of the base body 12 in an axial direction relative to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip 10 .
  • the sealing element 26 and the bursting valve 30 of the emergency degassing channel 28 are thus spaced apart from one another in the direction of the vertical axis V and arranged one above the other.
  • the battery cell 100 has a (overall) prismatic housing shape.
  • the battery cell closure strip 10 can, in particular, be connected to the rest of the housing 102 the battery cell 100 be welded.
  • the explosive cover 32 can be arranged on a retaining flange 52 of the base body 12 and can encompass it circumferentially—preferably on both sides.
  • the bursting membrane can be made of plastic, metal or a composite material.
  • the bursting membrane offers the advantage of a particularly cost-effective and compact design.
  • the opening cross section Ai of the emergency degassing channel 28 and the significantly smaller opening cross section A 2 of the degassing channel 22 are clearly visible.
  • the battery cell closure strip 10 in all the embodiments explained here can have a filling opening 54 for filling the battery cell, which can be closed by means of a closure element 56, in particular in the form of a cylindrical plug, which is preferably movably mounted on the battery cell closure strip 10 .
  • the terminals 18 can be firmly connected to the base body 12 and form a structural unit that can be handled together with it.
  • the seal holding structure 36 and the sealing element 26 arranged therein can be arranged at the edge of the battery cell closure strip 10 .
  • the cutting piston has a cutting edge 60 assigned to the bursting membrane 53 .
  • the base body 12 of the battery cell closure strip 10 explained above can in principle consist of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic, or of metal, in particular aluminum.
  • Figs. 9a shows a pouch battery cell 100 with a further battery cell closure strip 10.
  • the battery closure strip 10 can, for example, according to one of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 8 must be executed.
  • the pouch-shaped housing 102 is attached to the peripheral connection surface 34 of the base body 12 of the battery cell closure strip 10, in particular welded or glued to it.
  • the base body 12 can have a degassing channel and an emergency degassing channel in a manner corresponding to the above exemplary embodiments.
  • the battery cell closure strip does not have an integrated emergency degassing channel. Reaching or exceeding the bursting pressure P k nt with P crit > Piim in the battery cell 100, according to FIG the vertical axis V upwardly open emergency degassing channel 28, via which the emergency degassing of the battery cell 102 is made possible.

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, comprising a main body having - a degassing duct which extends along the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip from an inner side of the battery cell closure strip to the outer side of the battery cell closure strip, wherein the degassing duct is closed by means of a media-operated sealing element during regular operation of the battery cell closure strip, the sealing element opening the degassing duct when a predefined limit pressure (Plim), acting on the sealing element, of the battery cell is reached; and having - an emergency degassing duct which has an opening cross section through which media can flow that is at least 10 times larger than that of the degassing duct and which is closed by means of a bursting valve which opens the emergency degassing duct when a bursting pressure (Pcrit), where Pcrit > Plim, acting on the bursting valve is reached or exceeded. The invention further relates to battery cells.

Description

Batteriezellverschlussleiste für eine Batteriezelle in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise, sowie Batteriezelle Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell in prismatic or pouch design, as well as battery cell
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batteriezellverschlussleiste für eine Batteriezelle in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise sowie eine Batteriezelle. The invention relates to a battery cell closure strip for a battery cell in a prismatic or pouch design and a battery cell.
Traktionsbatterien von Elektrofahrzeugen bestehen gegenwärtig aus einer Vielzahl von Lithium-Batteriezellen. Derlei Batteriezellen werden zunehmend in Form von sogenannten prismatischen Batteriezellen und in Form von Pouch- Batteriezellen gefertigt, zumal diese Bauformen die wirtschaftlich interessantesten Entwicklungspotentiale aufweisen. Diese Bauarten zeichnen sich durch eine geringe Masse und günstige Herstellungskosten aus. Eine typische Traktionsbatterie mit 800 V Ausgangsspannung umfasst bei einer Zellspannung von 3,7 V mithin mindestens 1216 Zellen. Die Lithium-Batteriezellen sind als die kleinsten Bauelemente der Traktionsbatterie Verschleißteile und stellen potenzielle Gefahrenherde beim Betrieb der Elektrofahrzeuge dar. Im Gegensatz zu den von steifen Metallgehäusen umwandeten Rundzellen, bzw. bedingt auch bei prismatischen Zellen kann die Pouchzelle keinen nennenswerten Druckaufbau kompensieren. Selbst relativ geringe Innendruckverhältnisse lassen die sehr dünne Hülle aus einem Aluminium-Thermoplast Verbund aufblähen. Electric vehicle traction batteries currently consist of a large number of lithium battery cells. Such battery cells are increasingly being manufactured in the form of so-called prismatic battery cells and in the form of pouch battery cells, especially since these designs have the most economically interesting development potential. These designs are characterized by low mass and low manufacturing costs. A typical traction battery with an output voltage of 800 V and a cell voltage of 3.7 V therefore has at least 1216 cells. As the smallest components of the traction battery, the lithium battery cells are wear parts and represent potential sources of danger when operating electric vehicles. In contrast to the round cells surrounded by rigid metal housings, or to some extent also with prismatic cells, the pouch cell cannot compensate for any significant pressure build-up. Even relatively low internal pressure conditions allow the very thin shell made of an aluminum-thermoplastic compound to inflate.
Während des Fertigungsprozesses von Lithium Zellen ist dieser Effekt erstmalig verfahrenstechnisch zu berücksichtigen. Während des Formatierens und Voralterns, im Fachbegriff „Aging" genannt, bildet sich erstmals eine relevante Gasmenge. Diese Gasmenge wird bei konventioneller Fertigung von Pouchzellen in einen Gas-Sack gepresst, welcher am Ende dieses Prozessschrittes mechanisch abgetrennt wird. During the manufacturing process of lithium cells, this effect has to be taken into account for the first time in terms of process technology. During formatting and pre-ageing, known as "aging" in the technical term, a relevant amount of gas is formed for the first time. In the conventional production of pouch cells, this amount of gas is pressed into a gas bag, which is mechanically separated at the end of this process step.
Bauartbedingt kommt es aber auch im regulären Betrieb zu einer unerwünschten Gasbildung innerhalb der Lithium-Batteriezelle. Steigen die Temperaturen innerhalb der Batteriezelle beim Be- bzw. beim Entladen auf > 40°C , so kann sich der Innendruck durch die Gasbildung in der Zelle erhöhen. Selbst relativ geringe Innendruckverhältnisse lassen die sehr dünne Hülle der Pouchzellen aus einem Aluminium-Thermoplast Verbund aufblähen. Auch die Steifigkeit der prismatischen Zellen ist bei weitem nicht so hoch wie bei den Rundzellen, so dass auch diese Bauform bei Drücken > 1 bar ohne Weiteres ausbauchen kann. Due to the design, however, there is also an undesirable formation of gas within the lithium battery cell during regular operation. If the temperatures inside the battery cell rise to > 40°C during charging or discharging, the internal pressure can increase due to gas formation in the cell. Even relatively low internal pressure conditions allow the very thin shell of the pouch cells, made from an aluminum-thermoplastic composite, to inflate. The rigidity of the prismatic cells is also not nearly as high as that of the round cells, so that this design can also easily bulge at pressures > 1 bar.
Aus den vorgenannten Gründen wird bei Lithium-Batteriezellen häufig ein sogenanntes Entgasungsventil eingesetzt, über das das Gas aus der Batteriezelle in die Umgebung entweichen kann. Ein solches Entgasungsventil ist beispielsweise aus der PCT/DE98/02218 bekannt. For the aforementioned reasons, a so-called degassing valve is often used in lithium battery cells, through which the gas can escape from the battery cell into the environment. Such a degassing valve is known, for example, from PCT/DE98/02218.
Im Extremfall kann es beim Betriebseinsatz von Lithium-Batteriezellen darüber hinaus zum sogenannten „Thermal Runaway" kommen, bei dem die Batteriezelle mit Überscheiten einer Temperaturgrenze sehr schnell sehr warm wird und innerhalb von Millisekunden unaufhaltsam mehrere hundert Grad erreicht werden können. Die Hitze löst im Zellinneren chemische Reaktion aus, bei denen teilweise brennbare und toxische Gasen, wie z.B. CO2, Methan (CH4) Flußsäure (HF), Wasserstoff (H2), Stickstoffoxide NOx, N2O weitere Hydrocarbonate (Ethene, Ethine, Benzole, usw.) sowie Sauerstoff freigesetzt werden. Die Batteriezelle entzündet sich bzw. explodiert. Mögliche Ursachen sind ein interner oder externer Kurzschluss sowie zu hohe Ströme beim Laden/Entladen. Kommt es in der Folge zu einer sequentiellen Entzündung weiterer Batteriezellen der Traktionsbatterie, kann es bekanntlich zu einem Totalverlust des Fahrzeugs sowie der Gefährdung von Menschenleben kommen. In extreme cases, the operational use of lithium battery cells can also lead to so-called "thermal runaway", in which the battery cell very quickly becomes very warm when a temperature limit is exceeded and several hundred degrees are reached inexorably within milliseconds be able. The heat triggers a chemical reaction inside the cell, in which some combustible and toxic gases such as CO2, methane (CH4), hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrogen (H2), nitrogen oxides NOx, N2O, other hydrocarbons (ethene, ethine, benzene, etc.) ) and oxygen are released. The battery cell catches fire or explodes. Possible causes are an internal or external short circuit as well as excessive currents when charging/discharging. If, as a result, other battery cells of the traction battery are sequentially ignited, the vehicle can be totally lost and human lives endangered.
Es ist deshalb die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Batteriezellverschlussleiste für Batteriezellen in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise sowie eine Batteriezelle solcher Bauart anzugeben, die einen sichereren Betrieb der Batteriezellen, insbesondere im Rahmen der Elektromobilität, ermöglicht. It is therefore the object of the invention to specify a battery cell closure strip for battery cells in a prismatic or pouch design and a battery cell of such a design that enables safer operation of the battery cells, particularly in the context of electromobility.
Die die Batteriezellverschlussleiste betreffende Aufgabe wird durch eine Batteriezellverschlussleiste mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Erfindungsgemäße Batteriezellen sind in den Ansprüchen 14 und 15 angegeben. The task relating to the battery cell closure strip is achieved by a battery cell closure strip having the features specified in claim 1 . Battery cells according to the invention are specified in claims 14 and 15.
Die erfindungsgemäße Batteriezellverschlussleiste ist insbesondere für eine Batteriezelle in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise geeignet. Die Batterieverschlusszeile dient als ein Teil des Gehäuses der einzelnen Batteriezelle und ist mit dem übrigen Gehäuse gasdicht verklebbar, gasdicht veschweißbar oder in anderer Weise mit dem übrigen Gehäuse der Batteriezelle gasdicht verbindbar. Die Batteriezellverschlussleiste umfasst erfindungsgemäß einen Grundkörper mit einem Entgasungskanal, der sich längs der Vertikalachse der Batteriezellverschlussleiste von einer Innenseite des Batteriezellverschlussleistes zur Außenseite des Batteriezellverschlussleistes erstreckt. Die Vertikalachse der Batterieverschlusszeile ist im Betriebseinsatz der Batteriezellverschlussleiste lotrecht ausgerichtet. Der Entgasungskanal ist im Regelbetrieb des Batteriezellverschlussleistes mittels eines medienbetätigten Dichtelements verschlossen, der den Entgasungskanal nur bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines vordefinierten atmosphärischen Ansprechdrucks oder Grenzdrucks P|im in der Batteriezelle freigibt. Der Grenzdruck PHm kann z.B. zwischen 80 und 120 mbar über atmosphärischem Umgebungsdruck betragen. Die Batteriezellverschlussleiste umfasst darüber hinaus einen Notentgasungskanal, der im Vergleich zum Entgasungskanal einen zumindest 10-fach größeren durchströmbaren Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweist und welcher mittels eines Berstventils verschlossen ist, das bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen (Soll-) Berstdrucks Pknt mit Pkrit > Piim den Notentgasungskanal, vorzugsweise in Richtung der Vertikalachse nach oben, freigibt. The battery cell closure strip according to the invention is particularly suitable for a battery cell with a prismatic or pouch design. The battery closure row serves as part of the housing of the individual battery cell and can be bonded to the rest of the housing in a gas-tight manner, welded in a gas-tight manner or connected in a gas-tight manner to the rest of the housing of the battery cell in some other way. According to the invention, the battery cell closure strip comprises a base body with a degassing channel which extends along the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip from an inside of the battery cell closure strip to the outside of the battery cell closure strip. The vertical axis of the battery closure row is aligned vertically when the battery cell closure strip is in use. The degassing channel is closed during regular operation of the battery cell sealing strip by means of a media-actuated sealing element, which only closes the degassing channel when a predefined atmospheric response pressure or limit pressure P| in in of the battery cell releases. The limit pressure P Hm can be, for example, between 80 and 120 mbar above atmospheric pressure. The battery cell closure strip also includes an emergency degassing channel, which has an opening cross section that is at least 10 times larger than the degassing channel and which is closed by means of a bursting valve, which opens when a specified (target) bursting pressure P k nt is reached or exceeded with P crit > Piim releases the emergency degassing channel, preferably upwards in the direction of the vertical axis.
Die Batteriezellverschlussleiste gewährleistet so bei einer nicht zu vermeidenden Gasentstehung im Inneren ein Entgasen der mit der Batterieverschlussleiste versehenen Batteriezelle. Durch das Dichtelement wird im Regelbetrieb ein unerwünschtes Eindringen von Gasen und von Feuchtigkeit, die zur Beeinträchtigung der Kapazität der Batteriezeller bzw. zu deren Beschädigung oder gar Zerstörung führen könnten, effizient vermieden. The battery cell sealing strip thus ensures degassing of the battery cell provided with the battery sealing strip in the event of unavoidable gas formation inside. During regular operation, the sealing element efficiently prevents the undesired ingress of gases and moisture, which could lead to the impairment of the capacity of the battery cells or to their damage or even destruction.
Im Falle eines mit dem Thermal Runaway einhergehenden massiven Druckanstiegs bis zum bzw. über den Berstdruck des Berstventils hinaus wird eine schlagartige Entgasung der Batteriezelle in Richtung der Vertikalachse nach oben ermöglicht. Im Falle einer Stichflamme wird diese ebenfalls gerichtet nach oben über die Batteriezellverschlussleiste abgeleitet. Insgesamt kann dadurch die Gefahr einer sequentiellen Beschädigung und Entzündung benachbart angeordneter Batteriezellen der jeweiligen Traktionsbatterie entgegengewirkt werden. Insgesamt kann dadurch der Betrieb der Batteriezellen selbst im Falle eines Thermal Runaway sicherer gestaltet werden. Der Aktivierungsdruck des Berstventils kann beispielsweise bei 1,5 bar liegen. In the event of a massive pressure increase associated with the thermal runaway up to or above the bursting pressure of the bursting valve, a sudden degassing of the battery cell in the direction of the vertical axis upwards is made possible. In the event of a flash fire, this is also directed upwards via the battery cell closure strip. Overall, this can counteract the risk of sequential damage and ignition of battery cells arranged adjacent to one another in the respective traction battery. Overall, the operation of the battery cells can be made safer even in the event of a thermal runaway. The activation pressure of the bursting valve can be 1.5 bar, for example.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung umfasst das Berstventil einen Sprengdeckel. Unter einem Sprengdeckel wird in der vorliegenden Anmeldung ein Deckel verstanden, der bei Aktivierung des Berstventils aus seinem Dichtsitz an der Batterieverschlussleiste abgesprengt wird, derlei Sprengdeckel können mit dem Grundkörper der Batteriezellverschlussleiste verklebt, verschweißt oder im Presssitz an der Batteriezellverschlussleiste gehaltert sein. According to a preferred development of the invention, the bursting valve includes an explosive cover. In the present application, an explosive cap is understood to be a cap that is blown off from its sealing seat on the battery closure strip when the bursting valve is activated be glued, welded or press-fitted to the battery cell closure strip.
Der Sprengdeckel kann nach der Erfindung aus einem gummielastisch verformbaren Material bestehen. In diesem Fall ist der Sprengdeckel vorzugswiese im Presssitz in oder an der Batterieverschlussleiste gehalten angeordnet. Der Sprengdeckel kann erfindungsgemäß insbesondere auf einem Halteflansch des Grundkörpers angeordnet sein und diesen umlaufend, bevorzugt beiderseitig, umgreifen. Dadurch wird die Montage der Batterieverschlusszeile vereinfacht und eine zuverlässige Abdichtung der Notentlüftungsöffnung bei noch ausreichend sicherem Ansprechverhalten des Berstventils ermöglicht. According to the invention, the explosive cover can consist of a rubber-elastic deformable material. In this case, the explosive cover is preferably arranged with a press fit in or on the battery closure strip. According to the invention, the explosive cover can be arranged in particular on a retaining flange of the base body and can encompass it circumferentially, preferably on both sides. This simplifies the assembly of the battery closure row and enables the emergency vent opening to be reliably sealed while the bursting valve still responds sufficiently reliably.
Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsalternative umfasst das Berstventil eine sogenannte Berstmembran. Durch eine solche Berstmembran kann ein besonders exaktes Ansprechverhalten des Berstventils realisiert werden. Auch sind derlei Berstmembranen kostengünstig am Markt verfügbar und am Grundkörper einfach zu montieren. According to a particularly preferred alternative embodiment, the bursting valve comprises a so-called bursting membrane. A particularly precise response behavior of the bursting valve can be achieved by such a bursting membrane. Such bursting membranes are also available on the market at low cost and are easy to assemble on the base body.
Nach einer bevorzugten Weiterbbildung der Erfindung ist am Grundkörper der Batteriezellverschlussleiste ein Schneidelement, insbesondere ein pneumatisch betätigter Schneidkolben, bewegbar gelagert. Durch das Schneidelement kann die Berstmembran im Betriebseinsatz des Batteriezellverschlussleistes und bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen innenseitigen (Soll-) Berstdrucks Pkrit besonders zuverlässig perforiert werden. Das Schneidelement kann insbesondere aus Kunststoff bzw. dem gleichen Material bestehen, wie der übrige Grundkörper. Das Schneidelement ist vorzugsweise translatorisch verschiebbar am Grundkörper gelagert. According to a preferred further development of the invention, a cutting element, in particular a pneumatically actuated cutting piston, is movably mounted on the base body of the battery cell closure strip. The bursting membrane can be perforated particularly reliably by the cutting element during operational use of the battery cell closure strip and when a predefined internal (target) bursting pressure P crit is reached. The cutting element can in particular consist of plastic or the same material as the rest of the base body. The cutting element is preferably mounted on the base body in a translationally displaceable manner.
Das Dichtelement weist nach der Erfindung vorzugswiese eine, bevorzugt umlaufende, Dichtlippe auf, die in einer den Entgasungskanal verschließenden Dichtstellung an einer Dichtfläche des Batteriezellverschlussleistes in eine den Entgasungskanal freigebende Öffnungsstellung bewegbar ist, in der die Dichtlippe zumindest abschnittsweise von der Dichtfläche des Batteriezellverschlussleistes beabstandet angeordnet ist. Derlei Dichtelemente sind hinlänglich bekannt und weisen ein gutes Ansprechverhalten auf Druckänderungen auf. Das Dichtelement ist bevorzugt in einer Dichtungshaltestruktur, insbesondere in Form einer Ausnehmung, der Batteriezellverschlussleiste gehalten angeordnet. Die Dichtungshaltestruktur ist dabei vorzugsweise an einem Fortsatz des Grundkörpers ausgebildet, der sich vom übrigen Grundkörper in einer zur Vertikalachse der Batteriezellverschlussleiste axialen Richtung wegerstreckt. Die Dichtungshaltestruktur und damit das Dichtelement können dadurch vom Berstventil beabstandet sein, wodurch eine in der Breite und Tiefe besonders kompakte Bauweise des Batteriezellverschlusselements erreicht werden kann, dies ist in Anbetracht des bei Mobilitätsanwendungen sehr begrenzten Bauraums vorteilhaft. Das Berstventil und das Dichtelement sind mithin vorzugsweise in Richtung der Vertikalachse relativ zueinander versetzt angeordnet. According to the invention, the sealing element preferably has a, preferably circumferential, sealing lip which, in a sealing position closing the degassing channel on a sealing surface of the battery cell sealing strip, can be moved into an open position releasing the degassing channel, in which the sealing lip is arranged at least in sections at a distance from the sealing surface of the battery cell sealing strip . Such sealing elements are well known and have a good response to pressure changes. The sealing element is preferably arranged in a seal holding structure, in particular in the form of a recess, held in the battery cell sealing strip. The seal holding structure is preferably formed on an extension of the base body, which extends away from the rest of the base body in an axial direction to the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip. The seal holding structure and thus the sealing element can thus be spaced apart from the bursting valve, which means that the battery cell closure element can be designed particularly compact in terms of width and depth. This is advantageous in view of the very limited installation space in mobility applications. The bursting valve and the sealing element are therefore preferably offset relative to one another in the direction of the vertical axis.
Die Dichtungshaltestruktur kann nach der Erfindung insbesondere als eine Ausnehmung des Grundkörpers ausgeführt sein, die sich quer, bevorzugt orthogonal, zur Vertikalachse der Batteriezellverschlussleiste erstreckt. Dadurch ist eine besonders flache Bauweise der Batteriezellverschlussleiste möglich. Dies ist insbesondere bei Pouch-Batteriezellen vorteilhaft. According to the invention, the seal holding structure can be designed in particular as a recess in the base body, which extends transversely, preferably orthogonally, to the vertical axis of the battery cell closure strip. As a result, a particularly flat design of the battery cell closure strip is possible. This is particularly advantageous for pouch battery cells.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt weist die Batteriezellverschlussleiste die Terminals oder Durchführungen für die Terminals, d.h. die elektrischen Polkontaktstifte bzw.- fahnen, der Batteriezelle auf. Mittels der Batteriezellverschlussleiste kann eine zuverlässige Führung, Schienung und Abdichtung der Terminals erreicht werden. Die Terminals können beispielsweise mit dem Grundkörper verklebt bzw. ohne weiteren Klebstoffeinsatz im Material des Grundkörpers gasdicht eingebettet gehalten sein. Dadurch kann die Montage der Batteriezelle vereinfacht werden. The battery cell closure strip very particularly preferably has the terminals or bushings for the terminals, i.e. the electrical pole contact pins or lugs, of the battery cell. Reliable guidance, splinting and sealing of the terminals can be achieved by means of the battery cell closure strip. The terminals can be glued to the base body, for example, or can be embedded in the material of the base body in a gas-tight manner without the use of any further adhesive. This can simplify the assembly of the battery cell.
Besonders bevorzugt weist die Batteriezellverschlussleiste eine Befüllöffnung für die Batteriezelle auf, die mittels eines, vorzugsweise m Batteriezellverschlussleiste gelagerten, Verschlusselements, insbesondere eines konischen oder zylindrischen Stopfens, verschließbar ist. Dadurch kann das Befüllen der Batteriezelle vereinfacht, insbesondere auch automatisiert erfolgen. Der Grundkörper der Batteriezellverschlussleiste kann aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus einem Thermoplasten, bestehen. Dadurch ist die Batterieverschlussleiste auf kostengünstige Weise zu fertigen. Auch ist eine Rückführung in den Materialkreislauf vereinfacht. The battery cell closure strip particularly preferably has a filling opening for the battery cell, which can be closed by means of a closure element, in particular a conical or cylindrical plug, preferably mounted in the battery cell closure strip. As a result, the filling of the battery cell can take place in a simplified manner, in particular also in an automated manner. The main body of the battery cell closure strip can consist of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic. As a result, the battery closure strip can be manufactured in a cost-effective manner. A return to the material cycle is also simplified.
Eine erste erfindungsgemäße Batteriezelle ist als eine prismatische oder eine Pouch-Batteriezelle ausgeführt, wobei deren Gehäuse eine Batteriezellverschlussleiste gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfasst. Die Batteriezelle kann insbesondere eine Lithium-Batteriezelle sein und ist insbesondere für die Traktionsbatterie eines Elektrofahrzeugs geeignet. Es versteht sich, dass die Batteriezelle im Einbauzustand in Lotrichtung an ihrer Oberseite die Batteriezellverschlussleiste aufweist. A first battery cell according to the invention is designed as a prismatic or a pouch battery cell, the housing of which comprises a battery cell closure strip according to one of the preceding claims. The battery cell can in particular be a lithium battery cell and is particularly suitable for the traction battery of an electric vehicle. It goes without saying that the battery cell has the battery cell sealing strip on its upper side in the perpendicular direction in the installed state.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Batteriezelle umfassend ein prismatisches Gehäuse zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Gehäuse oberseitig mittels einer Batteriezellverschlussleiste verschlossen ist, wobei die Batterieverschlussleiste einen Grundkörper mit einem Entgasungskanal aufweist, der sich von einer Innenseite der Batteriezellverschlussleiste zur Außenseite der Batteriezellverschlussleiste erstreckt, wobei der Entgasungskanal im Regelbetrieb des Batteriezellverschlussleiste mittels eines medienbetätigten Dichtelements verschlossen ist, der den Entgasungskanal bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines vordefinierten Grenzdrucks P|im in der Batteriezelle freigibt und wobei durch ein Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines kritischen Berstdrucks Pknt mit Pknt > Plim in der Batteriezelle eine Abtrennen, insbesondere vollständiges Ausstössen, der Batteriezellverschlussleiste vom übrigen Gehäuse bewirkt ist, um eine Notentgasung der Batteriezelle zu ermöglichen. Durch das Abtrennen der Batterieverschlussleiste wird mit anderen Worten ein Notentgasungskanal geschaffen. Der Notentgasungssöffnung bzw. der Notentgasungskanal weist vorzugsweise einen zumindest 10-fach größere durchströmbaren Öffnungsquerschnitt Al als der Entgasungskanal auf. Another battery cell according to the invention, comprising a prismatic housing, is characterized in that the housing is closed on the top by means of a battery cell sealing strip, the battery sealing strip having a base body with a degassing channel that extends from an inside of the battery cell sealing strip to the outside of the battery cell sealing strip, the degassing channel in the Controlled operation of the battery cell closure strip is closed by means of a media-actuated sealing element, which opens the degassing channel when a predefined limit pressure P is reached or exceeded im releases in the battery cell and when a critical bursting pressure P knt with Pknt > Plim in the battery cell is reached or exceeded, the battery cell closure strip is separated from the rest of the housing, in particular completely ejected, in order to enable emergency degassing of the battery cell. In other words, an emergency degassing channel is created by detaching the battery sealing strip. The emergency degassing opening or the emergency degassing channel preferably has an opening cross section A1 through which flow can flow that is at least 10 times greater than that of the degassing channel.
Durch die Batterieverschlussleiste und deren als Sollbruchstelle wirkende Befestigung am übrigen Gehäuse der Batteriezelle wird eine gerichtete Entgasung sowie ggf. Flammbildung entlang der Vertikalachse nach oben ermöglicht. A directed Degassing and possibly flame formation along the vertical axis allows upwards.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung. Ebenso können die vorstehend genannten und die noch weiter ausgeführten Merkmale erfindungsgemäß jeweils einzeln für sich oder zu mehreren in beliebigen Kombinationen Verwendung finden. Die gezeigten und beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sind nicht als abschließende Aufzählung zu verstehen, sondern haben vielmehr beispielhaften Charakter für die Schilderung der Erfindung. Further advantages of the invention result from the description and the drawing. Likewise, the features mentioned above and those detailed below can be used according to the invention individually or collectively in any combination. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as an exhaustive list, but rather have an exemplary character for the description of the invention.
In den Figuren zeigen: In the figures show:
Fig. 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Batterieverschlussleiste mit einem integrierten Entgasungskanal und einem Notentgasungskanal in einer perspektivischen Ansicht; 1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a battery sealing strip according to the invention with an integrated degassing channel and an emergency degassing channel;
Fig. 2 zeigt einen vergrößerten Detailausschnitt der Batterieverschlussleiste gemäß Fig. 1 im Bereich des Entgasungskanals bei entferntem Dichtungselement; FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the battery closure strip according to FIG. 1 in the area of the degassing channel with the sealing element removed;
Fig. 3 zeigt die Batterieverschlussleiste gemäß Fig. 1 in einer ausschnittsweisen Detaildarstellung des medienbetätigten Dichtelements des Entgasungskanals; FIG. 3 shows the battery sealing strip according to FIG. 1 in a detail representation of a section of the media-actuated sealing element of the degassing channel;
Fig. 4 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Batterieverschlussleiste, bei der das Berstventil des Notentgasungskanals und das Dichtelement des Entgasungskanals in einer zur Vertikalachse der Batterieverschlusszeile axialen Richtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind; 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery sealing strip, in which the bursting valve of the emergency degassing channel and the sealing element of the degassing channel are arranged offset in relation to one another in an axial direction relative to the vertical axis of the battery sealing strip;
Fig. 5 die Batterieverschlussleiste gemäß Fig. 4 in einer schematisierten Schnittdarstellung; Fig. 6 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Batterieverschlussleiste, bei der der Notentgasungskanal mittels einer Berstmembran verschlossen ist, wobei die Terminals mit dem Grundkörper der Batteriezellverschlussleiste fest verbunden sind; FIG. 5 shows the battery closure strip according to FIG. 4 in a schematic sectional view; FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery sealing strip, in which the emergency degassing channel is closed by means of a bursting membrane, the terminals being firmly connected to the base body of the battery cell sealing strip;
Fig. 7 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Batterieverschlussleiste, bei der der Notentgasungskanal mittels einer Berstmembran verschlossen ist; 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery closure strip, in which the emergency degassing channel is closed by means of a bursting membrane;
Fig. 8 eine prismatische Batteriezelle (ohne Inhalt) mit einer Batterieverschlusszeile, die einen Schneidkolben zum druckgesteuerten Perforieren der Berstmembran aufweist, in einer Schnittdarstellung; und 8 shows a prismatic battery cell (without content) with a battery closure line, which has a cutting piston for pressure-controlled perforation of the bursting membrane, in a sectional view; and
Fign. 9a, 9b eine Pouch-Batteriezelle (Fig. 9a) mit einerFigs. 9a, 9b a pouch battery cell (Fig. 9a) with a
Batterieverschlusszeile, die einen Entgasungskanal gemäß einem der vorstehenden Fign. 1 bis 8 aufweist und die durchBattery closure line, which has a degassing channel according to one of the preceding Figs. 1 to 8 and the through
Erreichen/Überschreiten eines Berstdrucks Pknt insgesamt vom übrigen Gehäuse der Batteriezelle abtrennbar/ausstoßbar (Fig.9b) ist. Reaching/exceeding a bursting pressure P k nt as a whole can be separated/ejected from the rest of the housing of the battery cell (FIG. 9b).
Fig. 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer Batterieverschlussleiste 10 für eine Batteriezelle in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise. Derlei Batteriezellen werden aufgrund ihrer kompakten Leichtbauweise insbesondere bei Traktionsbatterien von Elektrofahrzeugen eingesetzt, weisen aber den Nachteil eines gegenüber Gasentstehung im Inneren der Batteriezelle wenig druckstabilen Gehäuses auf. 1 shows a first embodiment of a battery closure strip 10 for a battery cell in a prismatic or pouch design. Such battery cells are used in particular in traction batteries of electric vehicles due to their compact, lightweight design, but have the disadvantage of a housing that is not very pressure-resistant with respect to gas formation inside the battery cell.
Die Batterieverschlussleiste 10 weist einen Grundkörper 12 mit einer Innenseite 14 und mit einer Außenseite 16 auf. im Einbauzustand weist die Innenseite 14 dem Gehäuseinneren der Batteriezelle zu. Die Batterieverschlussleiste 10 kann die Terminals 18, d.h. die elektrischen Batteriepole der Batteriezelle, aufweisen oder zumindest mit einer Durchgangsausnehmung 20 für die Terminals 18 versehen sein. Im erstgenannten Fall können die Terminals 18 im Material des Grundkörpers 12 eingebettet, eingeklebt oder in anderer Weise gedichtet gehalten angeordnet sein. Die Batterieverschlussleiste 10 weist einen Entgasungskanal 22 auf, der sich längs der Vertikalachse V der Batterieverschlussleiste 10 von der Innenseite 14 zur Außenseite 16 der Batterieverschlussleiste 10 erstreckt. Der Entgasungskanal 22 ist mit einem Ventil 24 mit einem medienbetätigten Dichtelement 26 versehen. Der Entgasungskanal 22 ist im Regelbetrieb der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 mittels des Dichtelements 26 gasdicht verschlossen. Bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines innenseitig auf das Dichtelement 26 wirkenden vordefinierten Grenzdrucks P|im der Batteriezelle ist eine Verformung des Dichtelements 26 bewirkt, derart, dass das Dichtungselement 26 den Entgasungskanal 22 fluidisch freigibt, um so ein Entgasen der Batteriezelle zu ermöglichen. Der Ansprechdruck bzw. Grenzdruck Piim des Dichtelements 26 kann beispielswiese 0,1 bar (über Atmosphärendruck) betragen. The battery closure strip 10 has a base body 12 with an inside 14 and an outside 16 . in the installed state, the inside 14 faces the inside of the housing of the battery cell. The battery closure strip 10 can have the terminals 18, ie the electrical battery poles of the battery cell, or at least be provided with a through-hole 20 for the terminals 18. In the former case, the terminals 18 can be embedded in the material of the base body 12, glued in place or held in a sealed manner in some other way. The battery closure strip 10 has a degassing channel 22 which extends along the vertical axis V of the battery closure strip 10 from the inside 14 to the outside 16 of the battery closure strip 10 . The degassing channel 22 is provided with a valve 24 with a media-actuated sealing element 26 . The degassing channel 22 is sealed in a gas-tight manner by means of the sealing element 26 during normal operation of the battery cell sealing strip 10 . When a predefined limit pressure P| acting on the inside of the sealing element 26 is reached or exceeded A deformation of the sealing element 26 is brought about in the battery cell in such a way that the sealing element 26 fluidly releases the degassing channel 22 in order to thus enable degassing of the battery cell. The response pressure or limit pressure Piim of the sealing element 26 can be, for example, 0.1 bar (above atmospheric pressure).
Im Fall einer massiven Gasbildung innerhalb der Batteriezelle, wie etwa beim Thermal Runaway, ist über den Entgasungskanal 22 kein ausreichend schneller atmosphärischer Druckausgleich möglich. Die Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 weist deshalb zusätzlich einen Notentgasungskanal 28 auf. Der Notentgasungskanal 28 ist mit anderen Worten zum Entgasungskanal 22 separat im Grundkörper 12 ausgebildet. Der Notentgasungskanal 28 ist mittels eines Berstventils 30 gasdicht verschlossen. Das Berstventil 30 ist derart ausgebildet, dass dieses bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines innenseitig auf das Berstventil 30 wirkenden Berstdrucks Pkrit mit Pkrit > P|im den Notentgasungskanal 28 freigibt. Der Berstdruck Pkrit kann beispielswiese bei 1,5 bar liegen. Der Notentgasungskanal 28 weist im Vergleich zum Entgasungskanal 22 einen zumindest 10-fach größeren durchströmbaren Öffnungsquerschnitt auf. Das Berstventil 30 kann gemäß Fig. 1 einen Sprengdeckel 32 umfassen bzw. durch diesen gebildet sein. Der Sprengdeckel 32 besteht vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff, beispielsweise aus einem gummielastisch verformbaren Material. Zu beachten ist, dass der Grundkörper 12 Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 eine umlaufende Anschlussfläche 34 aufweist, die der gasdichten Befestigung des pouchförmigen oder prismatischen Batteriezellgehäuses an der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 dient. Dies kann durch Verschweißen, Kleben oder auf andere dem Fachmann geläufige Weise erfolgen. In Fig. 2 ist ein vergrößerter Detailausschnitt der freigestellten Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 im Bereich des Entgasungskanals 22 gezeigt. Der Grundkörper 12 weist für das Dichtelement 26 eine Dichtungshaltestruktur 36 in Form einer, hier beispielhaft kreisrunden, Ausnehmung auf. Die Ausnehmung ist umlaufend durch eine Wandung 38 begrenzt. Die Wandung 38 kann eine umlaufende Schulter 40 bilden, die dem Dichtelement 26 als Dichtfläche dient. In the event of massive gas formation within the battery cell, such as in the case of thermal runaway, a sufficiently rapid atmospheric pressure compensation is not possible via the degassing channel 22 . The battery cell closure strip 10 therefore also has an emergency degassing channel 28 . In other words, the emergency degassing channel 28 is formed separately from the degassing channel 22 in the base body 12 . The emergency degassing channel 28 is sealed gas-tight by means of a bursting valve 30 . The bursting valve 30 is designed in such a way that when it reaches or exceeds a bursting pressure P crit acting on the inside of the bursting valve 30 with P crit >P| in the emergency degassing channel 28 releases. The bursting pressure P crit can be 1.5 bar, for example. In comparison to the degassing channel 22, the emergency degassing channel 28 has an opening cross section through which a flow can flow that is at least 10 times larger. According to FIG. 1, the bursting valve 30 can comprise an explosive cover 32 or be formed by it. The explosive cover 32 is preferably made of plastic, for example a rubber-elastic deformable material. It should be noted that the main body 12 battery cell closure strip 10 has a peripheral connection surface 34 which serves to fasten the pouch-shaped or prismatic battery cell housing to the battery cell closure strip 10 in a gas-tight manner. This can be done by welding, gluing or in some other way familiar to a person skilled in the art. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the cut-out battery cell closure strip 10 in the area of the degassing channel 22 . The base body 12 has a seal holding structure 36 for the sealing element 26 in the form of a recess, which is circular in this case by way of example. The recess is delimited all around by a wall 38 . The wall 38 can form a circumferential shoulder 40 which serves as a sealing surface for the sealing element 26 .
In Fig. 3 ist das Dichtelement 26 im Einbauzustand gezeigt. Das Dichtelement 26 weist eine, hier beispielhaft umlaufende, Dichtlippe 42 auf, die im Regelbetrieb der Batteriezellleiste 10 an der Dichtfläche in einer zur Längsachse L der Ausnehmung axialen Richtung vorgespannt dichtend anliegt. Das Dichtelement 26 kann einen Vorsprung 44 aufweisen, mit dem es sich in einer zur Längsachse L axialen Richtung am Grundkörper 12 abstützt. Der innenseitige Einlass 46 und der außenseitige Auslass 48 des Entgasungskanals 22 sind gut zu erkennen. Zu beachten ist, dass die Längsachse L der Ausnehmung bezüglich der Vertikalachse V der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 orthogonal verlaufend angeordnet ist. Dadurch kann mit der Batterieverschlussleiste 10 eine für die hier relevanten Batteriezellen ausreichend kompakte Bauform realisiert werden. In Fig. 3, the sealing element 26 is shown in the installed state. The sealing element 26 has a sealing lip 42 , which in this case is circumferential, for example, and which during regular operation of the battery cell strip 10 rests against the sealing surface in a prestressed, axial direction relative to the longitudinal axis L of the recess. The sealing element 26 can have a projection 44 with which it is supported in a direction axial to the longitudinal axis L on the base body 12 . The inside inlet 46 and the outside outlet 48 of the degassing channel 22 are clearly visible. It should be noted that the longitudinal axis L of the recess is arranged to run orthogonally with respect to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip 10 . As a result, a sufficiently compact design for the battery cells relevant here can be realized with the battery closure strip 10 .
In den Fign. 4 und 5 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 gezeigt, die sich von dem vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den Fign. 1 bis 3 erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel im Wesentlichen in der geometrischen Position des Dichtelements 26 relativ zum Berstventil 30 unterscheidet. Hier ist die Dichtungshaltestruktur 36 an einem Fortsatz 50 des Grundkörpers 12 ausgebildet, der sich vom übrigen Grundkörper 12 in einer zur Vertikalachse V des Batteriezellverschlussleistes 10 axialen Richtung wegerstreckt. Das Dichtelement 26 und das Berstventil 30 des Notentgasungskanals 28 sind somit in Richtung der Vertikalachse V voneinander beabstandet und übereinanderliegend angeordnet. In the figs. 4 and 5, another exemplary embodiment of a battery cell closure strip 10 is shown, which differs from that described above in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3 explained embodiment differs essentially in the geometric position of the sealing element 26 relative to the bursting valve 30. Here the seal retaining structure 36 is formed on an extension 50 of the base body 12 which extends away from the rest of the base body 12 in an axial direction relative to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip 10 . The sealing element 26 and the bursting valve 30 of the emergency degassing channel 28 are thus spaced apart from one another in the direction of the vertical axis V and arranged one above the other.
Fig. 5 zeigt eine Batteriezelle 100 mit der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10. Die Batteriezelle 100 weist eine (insgesamt) prismatische Gehäuseform auf. Die Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 kann insbesondere mit dem übrigen Gehäuse 102 der Batteriezelle 100 verschweißt sein. Der Sprengdeckel 32 kann auf einem Halteflansch 52 des Grundkörpers 12 angeordnet sein und diesen - vorzugsweise beiderseitig - umlaufend umgreifen. 5 shows a battery cell 100 with the battery cell closure strip 10. The battery cell 100 has a (overall) prismatic housing shape. The battery cell closure strip 10 can, in particular, be connected to the rest of the housing 102 the battery cell 100 be welded. The explosive cover 32 can be arranged on a retaining flange 52 of the base body 12 and can encompass it circumferentially—preferably on both sides.
Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen jeweils weitere Batteriezellverschlussleisten 10, bei der der Notentgasungskanal 28 ein Berstventil 30 mit einer Berstmembran 53 aufweist. Die Berstmembran kann aus einem Kunststoff, Metall oder aus einem Verbundwerkstoff bestehen. Die Berstmembran bietet den Vorteil einer besonders kostengünstigen und kompakten Bauweise. Der Öffnungsquerschnitt Ai des Notentgasungskanals 28 sowie der deutlich kleinere Öffnungsquerschnitt A2 des Entgasungskanals 22 sind gut zu erkennen. 6 and 7 each show further battery cell sealing strips 10 in which the emergency degassing channel 28 has a bursting valve 30 with a bursting membrane 53 . The bursting membrane can be made of plastic, metal or a composite material. The bursting membrane offers the advantage of a particularly cost-effective and compact design. The opening cross section Ai of the emergency degassing channel 28 and the significantly smaller opening cross section A 2 of the degassing channel 22 are clearly visible.
Gemäß dem in Fig. 6 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel kann die Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 in allen hier erläuterten Ausführungsformen eine Befüllöffnung 54 zum Befüllen der Batteriezelle aufweisen, die mittels eines, vorzugsweise an der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 verschiebbar gelagerten, Verschlusselements 56, insbesondere in Form eines zylindrischen Stopfens, verschließbar ist. Gemäß dem in Fig. 6 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel können die Terminals 18 mit dem Grundkörper 12 fest verbunden sein und mit diesem eine gemeinsam handhabbare Baueinheit bilden. Gemäß Fig. 7 kann die Dichtungshaltestruktur 36 sowie das darin angeordnete Dichtelement 26 randseitig der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 angeordnet sein. According to the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the battery cell closure strip 10 in all the embodiments explained here can have a filling opening 54 for filling the battery cell, which can be closed by means of a closure element 56, in particular in the form of a cylindrical plug, which is preferably movably mounted on the battery cell closure strip 10 . According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the terminals 18 can be firmly connected to the base body 12 and form a structural unit that can be handled together with it. According to FIG. 7 , the seal holding structure 36 and the sealing element 26 arranged therein can be arranged at the edge of the battery cell closure strip 10 .
Weist die Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 eine Berstmembran 53 auf, so kann gemäß Fig. 8 im Notentgasungskanal 28 ein pneumatisch betätigbares (=medienbetätigtes) Schneidelement bzw. ein medienbetätigter Schneidkolben 58 bewegbar gelagert sein, durch das die Berstmembran im Betriebseinsatz der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 und bei Erreichen oder überschreiten des vorgegebenen (=Soll-) Berstdrucks Pmax mechanisch perforierbar ist. Der Schneidkolben weist eine der Berstmembran 53 zugeordnete Schneidkante 60 auf. Dadurch kann das Ansprechverhalten des Berstventils 30 nochmals weiter verbessert werden. Der Grundkörper 12 der vorstehend erläuterten Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 kann grundsätzlich aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus einem Thermoplasten oder aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminium, bestehen. If the battery cell sealing strip 10 has a bursting membrane 53, according to Fig. 8 a pneumatically actuated (=media-actuated) cutting element or a media-actuated cutting piston 58 can be movably mounted in the emergency degassing duct 28, through which the bursting membrane during operational use of the battery cell sealing strip 10 and when it is reached or exceeded of the specified (= target) bursting pressure P max can be mechanically perforated. The cutting piston has a cutting edge 60 assigned to the bursting membrane 53 . As a result, the response behavior of the bursting valve 30 can be improved even further. The base body 12 of the battery cell closure strip 10 explained above can in principle consist of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic, or of metal, in particular aluminum.
Fign. 9a zeigt eine Pouch-Batteriezelle 100 mit einer weiteren Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10. Die Batterieverschlussleiste 10 kann beispielsweise gemäß einer der Ausführungsformen gemäß den Fign. 1 bis 8 ausgeführt sein. Das pouchförmige Gehäuse 102 ist an der umlaufenen Anschlussfläche 34 des Grundkörpers 12 der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 befestigt, insbesondere mit dieser verschweißt oder verklebt. Der Grundkörper 12 kann in einer zu den vorstehenden Ausführungsbeispielen entsprechenden Weise einen Entgasungskanal und einen Notentgasungskanal aufweisen. Figs. 9a shows a pouch battery cell 100 with a further battery cell closure strip 10. The battery closure strip 10 can, for example, according to one of the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 8 must be executed. The pouch-shaped housing 102 is attached to the peripheral connection surface 34 of the base body 12 of the battery cell closure strip 10, in particular welded or glued to it. The base body 12 can have a degassing channel and an emergency degassing channel in a manner corresponding to the above exemplary embodiments.
Bei dem hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die Batteriezellverschlussleiste allerdings keinen integrierten Notentgasungskanal auf. Das Erreichen oder Überschreiten des Berstdrucks Pknt mit Pkrit > Piim in der Batteriezelle 100 bewirkt gemäß Fig. 9b ein, bevorzugt vollständiges, Abtrennen, insbesondere Ausstößen, der Batteriezellverschlussleiste 10 vom übrigen Pouch-Gehäuse 102 unter Bildung eines im Betriebseinsatz in Richtung der Vertikalachse V nach oben hin offenen Notentgasungskanals 28, über den die Notentgasung der Batteriezelle 102 ermöglicht ist. However, in the exemplary embodiment shown here, the battery cell closure strip does not have an integrated emergency degassing channel. Reaching or exceeding the bursting pressure P k nt with P crit > Piim in the battery cell 100, according to FIG the vertical axis V upwardly open emergency degassing channel 28, via which the emergency degassing of the battery cell 102 is made possible.

Claims

Patentansprüche Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) für eine Batteriezelle (100) in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise, umfassend einen Grundkörper (12) mit Claims Battery cell closure strip (10) for a battery cell (100) in a prismatic or pouch design, comprising a base body (12).
- einem Entgasungskanal (22), der sich längs der Vertikalachse V der Batterieverschlussleiste (10) von deren Innenseite (14) zu deren Außenseite (16) erstreckt, wobei der Entgasungskanal (22) im Regelbetrieb der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) mittels eines medienbetätigten Dichtelements (26) verschlossen ist, das den Entgasungskanal (22) bei Erreichen eines vordefinierten innenseitigen Grenzdrucks PHm freigibt; und mit - a degassing duct (22) which extends along the vertical axis V of the battery closure strip (10) from the inside (14) to the outside (16) thereof, the degassing duct (22) during regular operation of the battery cell closure strip (10) by means of a media-actuated sealing element ( 26) is closed, which releases the degassing channel (22) when a predefined limit pressure P Hm on the inside is reached; and with
- einem Notentgasungskanal (28), der im Vergleich zum Entgasungskanal (22) einen zumindest 10-fach größeren durchströmbaren Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweist und welcher mittels eines Berstventils (30) verschlossen ist, das den Notentgasungskanal (28) bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines innenseitigen Soll-Berstdrucks Pkrit mit Pkrit > Piim freigibt. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Berstventil (30) einen Sprengdeckel umfasst. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sprengdeckel (32) aus einem gummielastisch verformbaren Material besteht. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sprengdeckel (32) auf einem Halteflansch (52) des Grundkörpers (12) angeordnet ist und diesen umlaufend, bevorzugt beiderseitig, umgreift. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Berstventil (30) eine Berstmembran (53) umfasst. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Berstventil (30) ein Schneidelement (58) umfasst, das am Grundkörper (12) bewegbar gelagert ist und durch das die Berstmembran (53) bei Erreichen oder Überschreiten des innenseitigen Soll-Berstdrucks Pmax perforierbar ist. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dichtelement (26) eine, bevorzugt umlaufende, Dichtlippe (42) aufweist, die in ihrer den Entgasungskanal (22) verschließenden Dichtstellung an einer Dichtfläche (40) des Grundkörpers (12) dichtend anliegt und die in eine den Entgasungskanal (22) freigebende Öffnungsstellung bewegbar ist, in der die Dichtlippe zumindest abschnittsweise von der Dichtfläche (40) beabstandet angeordnet ist. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dichtelement (26) in einer Dichtungshaltestruktur (36) des Grundkörpers (12), insbesondere in Form einer Ausnehmung, gehalten angeordnet ist. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dichtungshaltestruktur (36) an einem Fortsatz (50) des Grundkörpers (12) ausgebildet ist, der sich vom übrigen Grundkörper (12) in einer zur Vertikalachse V der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) axialen Richtung wegerstreckt. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Ausnehmung quer zur Vertikalachse V der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) erstreckt. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Batteriezellverschlussleiste die Terminals (18) der Batteriezelle (100) aufweist oder (10) - 16 -- an emergency degassing channel (28), which has an opening cross section that is at least 10 times larger than the degassing channel (22) and which is closed by means of a bursting valve (30), which closes the emergency degassing channel (28) when a target bursting pressure on the inside is reached or exceeded P crit with P crit > Piim releases. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bursting valve (30) comprises an explosive cover. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the explosive cover (32) consists of an elastically deformable material. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the explosive cover (32) is arranged on a retaining flange (52) of the base body (12) and surrounds it circumferentially, preferably on both sides. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bursting valve (30) comprises a bursting membrane (53). Battery cell closure strip (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the bursting valve (30) comprises a cutting element (58) which is movably mounted on the base body (12) and through which the bursting membrane (53) is reached or exceeded when the target bursting pressure on the inside is reached P max can be perforated. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element (26) has a preferably circumferential sealing lip (42) which, in its sealing position closing the degassing channel (22), is attached to a sealing surface (40) of the base body (12 ) rests sealingly and which can be moved into an open position releasing the degassing channel (22), in which the sealing lip is arranged at least in sections at a distance from the sealing surface (40). Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the sealing element (26) is arranged held in a seal holding structure (36) of the base body (12), in particular in the form of a recess. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the seal holding structure (36) is formed on an extension (50) of the base body (12) which extends from the rest of the base body (12) in an axial direction relative to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip (10). direction stretched away. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the recess extends transversely to the vertical axis V of the battery cell closure strip (10). Battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cell closure strip has the terminals (18) of the battery cell (100) or (10) - 16 -
Durchgangsausnehmungen (20) für die Terminals (18) der Batteriezelle (100) aufweist. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) eine Befüllöffnung (54) für die Batteriezelle (100) aufweist, die vorzugsweise mittels eines, bevorzugt am Grundkörper (12) verschiebbar gelagerten, Verschlusselements (56) verschließbar ist. Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (12) aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus einem Thermoplasten oder aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminium, besteht. Batteriezelle (100) in prismatischer oder in Pouch-Bauweise, insbesondere für eine Traktionsbatterie eines Elektrofahrzeugs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (102) der Batteriezelle (100) eine Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfasst. Batteriezelle (100) umfassend ein prismatisches Gehäuse (102), das oberseitig mittels einer Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) verschlossen ist, wobei die Batterieverschlussleiste (10) einen Grundkörper (12) mit einem Entgasungskanal (22) aufweist, der sich von der Innenseite (14) der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) zur Außenseite (16) der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) erstreckt, wobei der Entgasungskanal (22) im Regelbetrieb der Batteriezelle (100) mittels eines medienbetätigten Dichtelements (26) verschlossen ist, das den Entgasungskanal (22) bei Erreichen/Überschreiten eines vordefinierten Grenzdrucks P|im in der Batteriezelle (102) freigibt und wobei durch ein Erreichen oder Überschreiten eines kritischen Berstdrucks Pkrit mit Pkrit > P|im in der Batteriezelle (100) ein Abtrennen, insbesondere Ausstößen, der Batteriezellverschlussleiste (10) vom übrigen Gehäuse (102) unter Bildung eines Notentgasungskanals (28) bewirkt ist, um eine Notentgasung der Batteriezelle (100) zu ermöglichen. Has through holes (20) for the terminals (18) of the battery cell (100). Battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery cell closure strip (10) has a filling opening (54) for the battery cell (100), which is preferably slidably mounted by means of a closure element (56) on the base body (12). is lockable. Battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (12) consists of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic, or of metal, in particular aluminum. Battery cell (100) in prismatic or pouch construction, in particular for a traction battery of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the housing (102) of the battery cell (100) comprises a battery cell closure strip (10) according to one of the preceding claims. Battery cell (100) comprising a prismatic housing (102) which is closed at the top by means of a battery cell closure strip (10), the battery closure strip (10) having a base body (12) with a degassing channel (22) which extends from the inside (14) of the battery cell closure strip (10) extends to the outside (16) of the battery cell closure strip (10), the degassing channel (22) being closed during regular operation of the battery cell (100) by means of a media-actuated sealing element (26) which closes the degassing channel (22) when it is reached/exceeded a predefined limit pressure P| im in the battery cell (102) releases and by reaching or exceeding a critical bursting pressure P crit with P crit > P | in the battery cell (100) the battery cell closure strip (10) is separated, in particular ejected, from the rest of the housing (102) to form an emergency degassing channel (28) in order to enable emergency degassing of the battery cell (100).
EP21801552.7A 2020-11-10 2021-10-29 Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, and battery cell Pending EP4244928A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020214132.0A DE102020214132B4 (en) 2020-11-10 2020-11-10 Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell in prismatic or pouch design, as well as battery cell
PCT/EP2021/080165 WO2022101035A1 (en) 2020-11-10 2021-10-29 Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, and battery cell

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EP4244928A1 true EP4244928A1 (en) 2023-09-20

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EP21801552.7A Pending EP4244928A1 (en) 2020-11-10 2021-10-29 Battery cell closure strip for a battery cell of prismatic or of pouch-type design, and battery cell

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US (1) US20230361419A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4244928A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102020214132B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2022101035A1 (en)

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US7294429B2 (en) * 2003-01-03 2007-11-13 The Gillette Company Alkaline cell with flat housing
KR100637434B1 (en) * 2004-05-19 2006-10-20 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Secondary battery and cap assembly and safety valve using the same
JP5880109B2 (en) 2012-02-16 2016-03-08 日産自動車株式会社 Battery pack explosion-proof valve
US9947908B2 (en) * 2013-07-25 2018-04-17 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vent housing for advanced batteries
DE102013221760A1 (en) 2013-10-25 2015-05-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery cell with safety valve and pressure compensation valve
DE102014017232A1 (en) 2014-11-20 2015-06-18 Daimler Ag Battery housing assembly with a plate-shaped element for a motor vehicle and method for pressure relief of such a battery housing assembly
CN109154872B (en) 2016-03-25 2020-06-30 森赛尔股份有限公司 System and method for detecting and characterizing force input on a surface
DE102018125110A1 (en) 2018-10-11 2020-04-16 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Housing for a battery, in particular for a motor vehicle traction battery
CN211357526U (en) * 2019-09-24 2020-08-28 深圳市比克动力电池有限公司 Fire extinguishing device used on battery top cover, battery top cover and battery

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DE102020214132B4 (en) 2022-06-23
WO2022101035A1 (en) 2022-05-19
US20230361419A1 (en) 2023-11-09
DE102020214132A1 (en) 2022-06-02

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