EP4244180A1 - Procédé de formation d'une solution aqueuse d'hydrure - Google Patents
Procédé de formation d'une solution aqueuse d'hydrureInfo
- Publication number
- EP4244180A1 EP4244180A1 EP21805540.8A EP21805540A EP4244180A1 EP 4244180 A1 EP4244180 A1 EP 4244180A1 EP 21805540 A EP21805540 A EP 21805540A EP 4244180 A1 EP4244180 A1 EP 4244180A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- dissolution
- aqueous
- hydride
- dissolved
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of inorganic compounds with hydrides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing an aqueous hydride solution from at least one hydride in solid form, and a device for implementing this process.
- borohydride In order to slow down the kinetics of this reaction which occurs immediately upon dissolving borohydride in water, it is known to add an alkaline stabilizing agent. An aqueous solution of hydride is thus obtained.
- the hydride it contains can be hydrolyzed catalytically, by bringing the aqueous hydride solution into contact with a catalyst, usually platinum. It is thus possible to prepare in advance and store a predetermined volume of an aqueous hydride solution. Dihydrogen can then be produced from this volume according to electrical energy needs, for example to supply a fuel cell.
- the dihydrogen generation reaction is inhibited by the presence of the stabilizing agent, it is not completely stopped so that it is necessary to provide means to avoid a dihydrogen overpressure in the tank. containing the aqueous hydride solution.
- the stabilizing agents usually used are corrosive, so that it is necessary that the walls of the tank containing the aqueous solution of hydrides be provided to resist corrosion during long periods of storage.
- aqueous hydride solutions generally contain more than 50% by volume of water.
- the storage of the aqueous hydride solution therefore involves reserving a space to contain this water which is generally easily available elsewhere, unlike the hydride. This is a disadvantage in applications where the space allocated for reagent storage is small.
- US 2010/0304238 Al describes a device comprising a storage tank in which plates are stored and which are formed from a mixture of a solid borohydride and a catalyst.
- the device further comprises a dissolution reactor containing water and connected to a fuel cell.
- a plate is introduced into the lower part of the tank through an opening made in a wall separating the tank from the dissolution reactor.
- US 2004 / 0047801 Al describes a device comprising a storage tank containing a borohydride in the form of a powder which is conveyed to a dissolution chamber in which it is mixed with a basic aqueous liquid to form an aqueous solution of hydride .
- the implementation of powder conveying is complex, in particular to avoid the emission of fine particles of borohydride and the associated inconveniences.
- such particles can cause premature wear of the powder conveying devices, in particular of the pumps.
- the transport of sodium borohydride in the form of a powder may require the implementation of special precautions to avoid any risk of explosion.
- a method comprising: a) the supply of a device different from an underwater vehicle and comprising a system for generating an aqueous hydride solution, the system comprising a storage tank containing a load to be dissolved comprising a hydride, a dissolution reactor and an aqueous dissolution liquid, the storage tank and/or the dissolution liquid containing an alkaline stabilizing agent, b) the introduction of a volume of the dissolution liquid in the storage tank and the formation of an aqueous hydride solution containing at least a part of the charge to be dissolved dissolved in the dissolution liquid, c) the transfer of the aqueous solution of hydride in the dissolution reactor to promote the dissolution of the hydride in
- submarine means in particular a submarine proper, or any other equipment or underwater vehicle requiring for its propulsion or its operation a source of hydrogen supplied by XFL, X being chosen from KB, LiB , KA1, LiAl or NaB.
- the invention also relates, according to a second of its aspects, to a method comprising: a) the provision of a device comprising a system for generating an aqueous hydride solution, the system comprising a storage tank containing a charge to be dissolved comprising a hydride, a dissolving reactor and an aqueous dissolving liquid, the storage tank and/or the dissolving liquid containing an alkaline stabilizing agent, b) introducing a volume of the dissolving liquid into the storage tank and the formation of an aqueous hydride solution containing at least a part of the charge to be dissolved dissolved in the dissolution liquid, c) the transfer of the aqueous hydride solution into the dissolution reactor in order to promote the dissolution hydride in the dissolving liquid.
- the method advantageously makes it possible to prepare an aqueous hydride solution without transporting the hydride in solid form between the storage tank and the dissolution reactor.
- the reactor can allow the dissolution of the hydride without the external thermal conditions having a strong influence on the dissolution kinetics.
- the method comprises the implementation of at least one, preferably several dissolution cycles each comprising the forced circulation of the aqueous hydride solution from the dissolution reactor to the storage tank, then from the storage tank to the dissolution reactor.
- the aqueous hydride solution is sent to the storage tank, it comes into contact with the residual charge to be dissolved which was not dissolved in step b).
- step b during a dissolution cycle, at least part of the filler to be dissolved is dissolved in the aqueous solution, and its dissolution is favored in the dissolution reactor.
- the dissolution cycles are repeated until greater than 90.0%, preferably greater than 95.0%, preferably greater than 97.0%, preferably greater than 99.0%, preferably 100% of the mass of the filler to be dissolved is dissolved.
- the dissolution cycles are carried out by means of a first pump to transfer the aqueous hydride solution from the dissolution reactor to the storage tank, and a second pump to transfer the aqueous hydride solution from the tank from storage to the dissolution reactor.
- the forced circulation of the aqueous hydride solution takes place along a closed loop circuitry.
- the device comprises a second storage tank containing a second filler to be dissolved in solid form and the method comprises:
- the method may include the implementation of at least one, preferably several dissolution cycles as described above, for the second aqueous hydride solution between the second storage tank and the dissolution reactor.
- the first and second storage tanks are identical, and comprise an identical mass of charge to be dissolved.
- the fillers to be dissolved contained in the first and second storage tanks have the same composition.
- the first and second storage tanks can be connected in parallel with the dissolving reactor. “Connected in parallel” means that the outlet opening and inlet opening of the first and second tanks are connected by a common pipe to the inlet opening and outlet opening respectively of the storage reactor.
- the charge to be dissolved comprises, preferably consists of at least one hydride which can be chosen from a borohydride, an aluminohydride and their mixtures.
- the hydride may be chosen from sodium borohydride NaBFL, potassium borohydride K B FL, magnesium borohydride Mg(BH4)2, calcium borohydride Ca(BH4)2, lithium borohydride LiBFL, lithium aluminum LiAlîL, magnesium hydride MgFL, sodium aluminum hydride NaAFFL and mixtures thereof.
- Potassium borohydride has the advantage of endothermic dissolution in water and potassium metaborate KBO2 which is generated during its hydrolysis exhibits high solubility in water. The viscosity of the aqueous hydride solution during its hydrolysis is thus low, which facilitates hydrolysis at low temperature.
- the mass of the filler to be dissolved may be greater than 0.1 kg, or even greater than 1 kg, or even greater than 10 kg, or even greater than 100 kg, or even greater than 1000 kg, or even greater than 15,000 kg, for example of about 17000 kg.
- the filler to be dissolved may comprise a plurality of aggregates of hydride particles bonded together.
- the particles can have a size of between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm. They are for example of spherical shape. They can be linked together in the form of granules whose size can be between 0.1 mm and 3 mm. The particles and/or granules can be bonded together to form the aggregates.
- the aggregates can have a ball or pellet shape.
- the pellets may have a height of 0.8 cm, a width of 1 cm and a length of 1 cm. Such pellets are commercially available and are easy to handle.
- the pellets are cylindrical of revolution and can have a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm.
- the aggregates may preferably have a porosity of between 5% and 50 %.
- the charge to be dissolved in step a) can occupy more than 50%, even more than 80%, even more than 90% of the volume of the storage tank.
- the stabilizing agent is preferably chosen from NaOH, KOH and their mixtures.
- KOH or a mixture of KOH and NaOH is preferred when the generation of dihydrogen from the hydride solution is carried out at low temperature and/or when a low compactness system is desired.
- Potassium hydroxide promotes the formation of potassium metaborate KBO2 during the hydrolysis of a borohydride which generates B ⁇ 2' ions with K + ions, as described for example in WO 2018/104359 AL
- the Potassium hydroxide has a higher water solubility than sodium hydroxide at a temperature below 35°C. At equal volume, the amount of potassium hydroxide that can be stored in solution is therefore higher.
- the stabilizing agent can be in solid form, or dissolved in a solvent.
- the method comprises, prior to step a), the introduction of an alkaline solution comprising an aqueous solvent, preferably water, and the stabilizing agent in solution in the aqueous solvent .
- the alkaline solution is preferably concentrated in alkaline agent, that is to say it comprises the alkaline agent for more than 0.5% of its mass.
- the concentrated alkaline solution comprises, by mass, between 3% and 5% of the alkaline agent.
- the device may include a container for holding the alkaline solution, which is in fluid communication with the storage reservoir.
- the dissolving liquid introduced in step b) may be free of the dissolving agent. It then mixes with the alkaline solution in the storage tank.
- the dissolution liquid contains the stabilizing agent.
- the method may comprise, prior to step a), the formation of the dissolution liquid, by dissolution in an aqueous solvent, preferably in water, of a concentrated solution of alkaline agent as described below.
- the dissolution of the concentrated solution can be implemented in the dissolution reactor.
- the storage tank contains the stabilizing agent. It may contain an alkaline solution, in particular a concentrated solution as described above.
- the storage tank contains the stabilizer in a solid form.
- step b) bringing the aqueous dissolution liquid into contact with the alkaline stabilizing agent leads to the exothermic dissolution of the latter. The rise in temperature of the reservoir thus promotes the dissolving of the filler to be dissolved.
- the temperature of the volume of the dissolution liquid can be between 0°C and 50°C, or even between 10°C and 30°C.
- the aqueous hydride solution is maintained for a period of between 1 s and 180 s in the storage tank prior to the implementation of step c).
- Such a holding period allows a sufficient portion of the charge to be dissolved in the dissolution liquid to be put into solution while avoiding an overpressure in the storage reactor resulting from the spontaneous generation of dihydrogen following the contacting of the filler to be dissolved with the dissolving liquid.
- the holding time may correspond to the time required to introduce the dissolving liquid into the storage tank.
- the dissolution reactor is shaped to contain the volume of the aqueous dissolution solution formed at the end of stage b) as well as the volume of the undissolved filler to be dissolved at the end of stage b).
- the hydride is sodium borohydride and/or potassium borohydride
- the alkaline agent is NaOH and/or KOH
- the method comprises the implementation of a number of dissolution cycles such that at the end of the last dissolution cycle, the aqueous hydride composition comprises, in percentages by mass and for a total of 100%:
- Other species may be impurities.
- the other species are SiO2 and MgCOs which can be incorporated anti-caking agents to prevent hydride agglomeration.
- the hydride is sodium borohydride
- the dissolving liquid is water
- the alkaline agent is NaOH
- the method includes the implementation of a number of dissolution cycles such that so that at the end of the last dissolution cycle, the aqueous hydride composition comprises, in percentages by mass and for a total of 100%:
- Such a composition of the aqueous solution makes it possible to ensure that over a wide temperature range, the sodium borohydride and/or the potassium borohydride are completely dissolved in the aqueous solvent and do not precipitate.
- an aqueous hydride solution comprising, by mass, 23% NaBH4, 4% NaOH, the balance being water, is exempt from precipitation of NaBH4 when the temperature is above -25°C.
- the device may comprise a dihydrogen generator implementing hydrolysis by the catalytic route.
- the generator may include a tank in which a hydrolysis catalyst is housed and preferably chosen from platinum, ruthenium, nickel, cobalt and their alloys.
- the method preferably includes contacting the aqueous hydride solution with the catalyst to generate dihydrogen.
- the concentrated used solution may comprise, by mass, between 15% and 97% sodium metaborate and/or potassium metaborate.
- the concentrated spent solution may contain, by mass, between 18% and 97% sodium metaborate in solution in water.
- the concentrated used solution can comprise, by mass between 15% and 82% of potassium metaborate in solution in water.
- the separation can be carried out by evaporation of the volume of residual aqueous liquid.
- the device may comprise a separator to implement the separation, for example a boiler.
- the method may in particular comprise the storage of the separated residual liquid in a reserve.
- the method includes storing the concentrated spent solution in the storage tank.
- the concentrated used solution comprises sodium metaborate and/or potassium metaborate
- the concentrated used solution can be transferred, for example by means of a pump, between the separator and the storage tank along a thermostatically controlled circuit maintained at a temperature above 130°C in order to prevent the crystallization of sodium metaborate and/or potassium metaborate.
- the temperature of the storage tank during and/or after the transfer of the concentrated used solution is lower than 130° C. in order to cause the crystallization of the sodium metaborate and/or the potassium metaborate.
- the method may further comprise the generation of an electric current by oxidation of the dihydrogen.
- the device may include a fuel cell to generate the electric current.
- the device can be autonomous.
- it can be a generator.
- Such an autonomous device can advantageously be transported to a place where no terrestrial power supply is available. It has the advantage, compared to generating sets with internal combustion engines, of not emitting greenhouse gases.
- the device can be housed in a container for transporting goods, in personal equipment, for example a hiking backpack.
- the device may be a vehicle or an aircraft.
- the device may be intended to recharge a dihydrogen generator for mobile application, for example with a volume of less than 2 liters. Such a generator can easily be transported by a pedestrian, a hiker or an infantryman.
- the device may be fixed.
- it can be housed in a building, in particular located in a place where the nearest terrestrial electrical power supply terminal is more than 1 km, or even more than 5 km away.
- FIG. 2 is a graph representing the temperature from which a precipitation of sodium borohydride is observed as a function of the mass content of sodium borohydride in two different dissolution solutions
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the dissolution kinetics under non-adiabatic conditions and with stirring of an example of an aqueous hydride solution for three temperatures
- FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a second example of a device for implementing the method according to the invention
- FIG. 5 is a graph representing the evolution of the hydrolysis residue content of a used solution as a function of the separation time
- FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a third example of a device for implementing the method according to the invention
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a fourth example of a device for implementing the method according to the invention
- - Figure 8 is a graph representing the change in temperature of the aqueous hydride solution in step b) for different embodiments of the invention
- - Figure 9 schematically illustrates a fifth example of a device for implementing the method according to the invention.
- Figure 1 There is illustrated in Figure 1 a first example of device 5 for implementing the invention.
- the device comprises a system 10 for generating an aqueous hydride solution and a dihydrogen generator 15 in fluid communication with said system.
- the system comprises a storage tank 20 containing a load to be dissolved 25, a dissolution reactor 30, a tank 35, and a water reserve 40.
- the tank 35 and the water reserve 40 are in fluid communication with the storage tank 20 by means of pipes 45, 50 respectively.
- the tank contains an alkaline solution, for example concentrated sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide.
- a liquid pump PI is arranged on line 45 connecting the tank to the storage tank.
- a liquid pump P2 is arranged on line 50 connecting the water reserve to the storage tank.
- the storage tank and the dissolution reactor are connected by a transfer pipe 55 and a reinjection pipe 60 on which liquid pumps P3 and P4 are mounted.
- the filler to be dissolved is formed of a hydride, preferably NaBFL and/or KBH4.
- the filler can be in the form of pellets comprising particles of the hydride bonded to each other.
- the storage tank comprises a filtration grid 65 arranged between the filler to be dissolved and the outlet opening.
- pumps P2 to P5 are inactive and prevent fluid transfer in the lines on which they are mounted.
- the alkaline solution is transferred by means of the pump PI from the tank 35 to the storage tank 20, in which it comes into contact with the hydride.
- the fluid connection between the tank 35 and the storage tank 20 is then disconnected, and water from the reserve 40 is injected into the storage tank 20 by means of the liquid pump P2.
- the alkaline solution is thus dissolved in the injected water, thus forming a dissolving liquid. At least a portion of the filler to be dissolved is thus dissolved in the dissolution liquid to form an aqueous hydride solution is thus formed.
- the meeting is favored between water molecules of the aqueous hydride solution and the portion of the charge to be dissolved placed in solution in the storage tank, which accelerates the dissolution of the hydride .
- the liquid pump P4 is then activated to reinject the aqueous hydride solution into the storage tank, according to the arrow I, preferably through an opening 65 arranged below the residual charge to be dissolved.
- Pumps P3 and P4 are active as long as the hydride content in the aqueous hydride solution has not reached a predetermined value.
- the hydride content can be measured by voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, or chemical assay, in particular acid-base or iodometric.
- the fluidic connections between the storage tank 20 and the dissolution reactor 30 are disconnected.
- the aqueous hydride solution can then be transferred by a pump P5 through a pipe 70 into the enclosure of the dihydrogen generator 15 where it is catalytically hydrolyzed to generate dihydrogen.
- the device 5 illustrated schematically in FIG. 1 can be implemented to produce an aqueous solution of hydride consisting of 23% by mass of NaBFL, 4% of NaOH, the balance being water.
- Figure 2 represents for a temperature of an aqueous solution of sodium hydride, the maximum content of hydrides that can be dissolved in the solution.
- Curve DI relates to a solution of hydrides containing 0.4% by mass of NaOH while curve D2 relates to a solution of hydrides containing 4% by mass of NaOH.
- the aforementioned composition of the aqueous hydride solution is free of solid hydride particles when the temperature is above approximately -30°C. The same is true when part of the NaOH soda is replaced by potassium hydroxide.
- Figure 3 illustrates the kinetics of dissolution of a volume of a few milliliters of NaBHi in the aforementioned solution, for three different temperatures (5°C, 20°C and 35°C) of the reactive products. It appears that the dissolution of 23% by mass of the sodium borohydride in this wide temperature range can be obtained quickly.
- the second example of device 5 for implementing the method according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 4 differs from that illustrated in FIG. 1 in that it comprises several storage tanks 20 as well as a separator.
- each storage tank contains a load of hydride to be dissolved.
- the storage tanks 20 are connected in parallel to the dissolution reactor 30.
- each tank is connected to a common transfer pipe 55 and to a common reinjection pipe 60 to the dissolution reactor 30.
- a valve VI is mounted on each pipe intermediate transfer 80 connecting the outlet of a corresponding reservoir to the common transfer pipe.
- a valve V5 is mounted on each intermediate reinjection line 85 connecting the common reinjection line to a corresponding reservoir.
- the tank 35 and the water reserve 40 are connected to each storage tank, valves not shown being mounted on the respective supply lines for alkaline solution and water connecting the tank, respectively the water reserve , to the various storage tanks.
- All the valves mounted on the alkaline solution supply pipes are arranged in the closed position, with the exception of the one mounted on the pipe connecting the tank to a first storage tank.
- the alkaline solution is then introduced by means of the pump PI into this first reservoir.
- the corresponding valve is then closed.
- valves mounted on the water supply pipes between the reserve and the storage tanks are closed, except for the one mounted on the pipe connecting the reserve to the first storage tank.
- a volume of water is then introduced into the first storage tank, referenced 20i.
- the corresponding valve is then closed.
- a first aqueous hydride solution is then produced in the first storage tank 201.
- the first aqueous hydride solution is then transferred to the dissolution reactor 30 by means of the pump P4 then reinjected by the pump P3 into the first tank 20i.
- the valves V4 and V5 mounted on the intermediate transfer pipes and on the intermediate reinjection pipes of the other tanks are closed, so that the aqueous hydride solution only circulates between the first tank 20i and the dissolution reactor 30 at the course of the dissolution cycle(s).
- the first aqueous hydride solution When the first aqueous hydride solution has the desired composition, it is drained from the dissolution reactor and transferred to the hydrogen generator.
- a second aqueous solution of hydrides can be produced, by introducing a second volume of alkaline solution then a second volume of water into a second storage tank referenced 202 according to steps identical to those described above. In particular, no fluid connection can then take place with the storage tanks other than the second storage reactor.
- the second aqueous solution can be transferred from the hydrolysis reactor to the hydrogen generator in order to be hydrolyzed in turn.
- the device comprises a separator 90, in particular a boiler in fluid communication with the hydrogen generator. Hydrolysis of the aqueous hydride solution results in the generation of dihydrogen and in a spent solution containing hydrolysis residues.
- the used solution is drained from the hydrolysis reactor using a P6 pump and transferred to the boiler where it is left to evaporate at a temperature greater than or equal to 130°C.
- Figure 5 illustrates the evolution of the NaBCh and alkaline agent content as a function of time of an initial mass of 2.6 kg of used solution heated to 130°C.
- Table 1 below presents the compositions, in percentages by mass, of the used and concentrated solutions for this example.
- the evaporated water can be condensed and transferred in line 95 to water reserve 40 by means of pump P7. It can then be introduced into one of the storage tanks for the preparation of another aqueous hydride solution.
- a concentrated waste solution is thus obtained. It can be transferred by means of a pump P8 in a thermostatically controlled pipe 100, to prevent the precipitation of the hydrolysis residues, into one of the storage tanks 20 in which the feedstocks to be dissolved have been consumed.
- the pipe is maintained at a temperature above 130°C.
- Figure 6 shows an implementation variant of the method according to the invention.
- the device described therein differs from that illustrated in FIG. 1 in that the storage tank 20 contains the alkaline agent 105 in solid form.
- the alkaline agent can be mixed with the hydride.
- the dissolution of the alkaline agent generates a release of heat which facilitates the dissolution of the hydride.
- FIG. 8 illustrates the evolution of the temperature of the aqueous hydride solution in step b) as a function of time, for such implementations by means of the device illustrated in FIG. 1 (curve 120), of the device illustrated in Figure 6 (curve 115).
- the implementation by means of one or the other of these devices can therefore be envisaged according to the targeted applications.
- contact with a dissolution liquid containing the stabilizing agent in contact with the hydride is preferred, because the relatively small increase in temperature is accompanied by a low dihydrogen release and therefore low overpressure in the storage tank and/or in the dissolution reactor.
- FIG. 9 illustrates another mode of implementation of the process which differs from that illustrated in FIG. 1 in that part of the volume of the alkaline solution is introduced into the storage reactor and the remainder is introduced into the reactor of dissolution by means of a PL pump. Additionally, a portion of the volume of water may be introduced into the dissolution reactor and the balance of water may be introduced into the dissolution reactor to form part of the dissolution solution. Alternatively, the entire volume of water can be introduced into the dissolving reactor. According to yet another variant, the entire volume of alkaline solution can be introduced into the storage reactor and the entire volume of water can be introduced into the dissolution reactor.
- the invention is not limited to the modes of implementation of the method, described by way of non-limiting illustration.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2011597A FR3116005B1 (fr) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Procédé de formation d’une solution aqueuse d’hydrure |
| PCT/EP2021/081207 WO2022101251A1 (fr) | 2020-11-12 | 2021-11-10 | Procédé de formation d'une solution aqueuse d'hydrure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4244180A1 true EP4244180A1 (fr) | 2023-09-20 |
Family
ID=75108396
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21805540.8A Pending EP4244180A1 (fr) | 2020-11-12 | 2021-11-10 | Procédé de formation d'une solution aqueuse d'hydrure |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4244180A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3116005B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022101251A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6534033B1 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2003-03-18 | Millennium Cell, Inc. | System for hydrogen generation |
| US7282073B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 | 2007-10-16 | Millennium Cell, Inc. | Method and system for generating hydrogen by dispensing solid and liquid fuel components |
| GB0224204D0 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2002-11-27 | Univ Loughborough | Hydrogen fuel cell systems |
| US20100304238A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-02 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Solid Hydrogen Fuel and Methods of Manufacturing and Using the Same |
| CN110049717B (zh) | 2016-12-09 | 2020-07-28 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 用于血压监测的脉搏波速度确定的方法、存储介质及血压监测系统 |
| FR3096675B1 (fr) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-12-30 | Naval Group | Preparation d'une solution de borohydrune ou d'aluminohydrure a partir de borohydrune ou d'aluminohydrure solide a bord d'un engin sous-marin |
-
2020
- 2020-11-12 FR FR2011597A patent/FR3116005B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-11-10 WO PCT/EP2021/081207 patent/WO2022101251A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-11-10 EP EP21805540.8A patent/EP4244180A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022101251A1 (fr) | 2022-05-19 |
| FR3116005B1 (fr) | 2023-04-28 |
| FR3116005A1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 |
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