EP4237754B1 - Mobile vorrichtung zum heizen von räumen - Google Patents

Mobile vorrichtung zum heizen von räumen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4237754B1
EP4237754B1 EP21815282.5A EP21815282A EP4237754B1 EP 4237754 B1 EP4237754 B1 EP 4237754B1 EP 21815282 A EP21815282 A EP 21815282A EP 4237754 B1 EP4237754 B1 EP 4237754B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mobile device
control panel
heat exchange
heating battery
heating
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP21815282.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4237754A1 (de
Inventor
Raffaele TOFFOLO
Marco STORTI
Giacomo TREVISIOL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
De Longhi Appliances SRL
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De Longhi Appliances SRL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4237754A1 publication Critical patent/EP4237754A1/de
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Publication of EP4237754B1 publication Critical patent/EP4237754B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/002—Air heaters using electric energy supply
    • F24H3/004—Air heaters using electric energy supply with a closed circuit for a heat transfer liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/20—Heat consumers
    • F24D2220/2009—Radiators
    • F24D2220/2018—Column radiators having vertically extending tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a mobile device for heating spaces, comprising one or more radiant elements which define a heating battery in which a heat transfer fluid flows.
  • Thermal radiators comprising one or more radiant elements, connected together and hydraulically communicating, by means of upper and lower collectors.
  • a diathermic oil, heated by one or more electrical resistances, is made to flow in the radiant elements and, through the collectors, from one radiant element to another.
  • the electrical resistance is normally immersed in an oil bath and located on the lower part of the mobile heating device.
  • the one or more radiant elements thus define a heating battery which is normally associated with a control panel, by means of which a user can switch the heating device on or off and in which, for example, a knob for selecting the desired temperature can be provided, which can be associated with an on/off thermostat for the heating device, a possible display for viewing the temperature and/or other electrical or electronic components.
  • control panel and the heating battery have substantially opposite requirements. While the heating battery has to guarantee uniform and long-lasting heat in the space, the control panel on the other hand should be kept as cold as possible, to guarantee the effectiveness and correct functioning of its components, which can be electrical or electronic components, or other.
  • control panel itself is normally made of plastic material, which must be chosen among those with a satisfactory heat resistance, which leads to an increase in costs in the construction of the mobile heating device. Costs are also increased due to the quality of the electrical and/or electronic components to be housed in the control panel, since they must be components able to resist high temperatures.
  • one purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile device for heating spaces which allows to combine a heating battery with a control panel in such a way that the heat emitted by the heating battery does not significantly affect the control panel, that is, which allows to keep the control panel colder than what happens today in known mobile heating devices.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile device for heating spaces which therefore allows to keep the surface of the control panel colder, with consequent greater safety for the user, and which allows to keep the electrical and/or electronic components housed inside the control panel colder, increasing the efficiency and duration thereof.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile device for heating spaces that is economical to make, thanks above all to the fact that the materials with which the control panel is made can be, for example, plastic materials that do not have particular characteristics of thermal resistance, as well as the electrical and/or electronic components, which also do not need to have particular characteristics of thermal resistance.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile device for heating spaces that can use a wider range of materials for its construction and in particular for the construction of the control panel, compared with that which can be used in mobile heating devices known in the field.
  • the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
  • a mobile device for heating spaces comprises a heating battery provided with one or more radiant elements in which a heated heat transfer fluid flows, and associated with a control panel configured to regulate and control the functioning of the heating battery.
  • the mobile device comprises a thermal protection assembly positioned between the heating battery and the control panel and configured to allow an increase in heat exchange of the heating battery with the surrounding space, and a decrease in heat exchange with the control panel.
  • the heating battery has at least one free surface facing the control panel and in contact with the space that surrounds the mobile device. The free surface is thus air-cooled by natural convection.
  • the thermal protection assembly also comprises at least one heat exchange zone, disposed between the heating battery and the control panel and created thanks to the reciprocal distancing between the heating battery and the control panel.
  • the present mobile device for heating spaces allows to combine a heating battery with a control panel in such a way that the heat emitted by the heating battery does not significantly affect the control panel, that is, it allows to keep the control panel cooler than what currently occurs in known mobile heating devices.
  • the present mobile device for heating spaces therefore allows to keep the surface of the control panel cooler, with consequent greater safety for the user, and allows to keep the electrical and/or electronic components housed inside the control panel or associated with the control panel cooler, thus increasing its efficiency and duration.
  • the present mobile device for heating spaces is also economical to produce and the materials with which the control panel is made can be, for example, plastic materials that have lower thermal resistance characteristics, as is the case for the electrical and/or electronic components, which can also have lower thermal resistance characteristics.
  • the detection of the ambient temperature occurs with greater precision, since the local heating effects are reduced thanks to the solution being presented.
  • the control panel is according to the invention positioned on a support which allows to distance it from the heating battery and to at least partly create the heat exchange zone.
  • the thermal protection assembly can comprise at least one shielding element positioned between the heating battery and the control panel.
  • This duct can be made of metal material.
  • At least one element made of insulating material could be positioned between the shielding element and the heating battery.
  • the shielding element can be made of plastic material and/or metal material.
  • the shielding element can have a concavity facing toward the outside of the mobile device.
  • At least a first heat exchange zone can also be created between the shielding element and the free surface of the heating battery, having a shape diverging from the inside to the outside of the mobile device.
  • the first heat exchange zone can be a zone where heat exchange occurs by natural convection.
  • the positioning of at least one element made of insulating material there can be provided the positioning of at least one element made of insulating material.
  • At least a second heat exchange zone can also be created.
  • the second heat exchange zone can be a zone where heat exchange occurs by natural convection.
  • the positioning of at least one element made of insulating material there can be provided the positioning of at least one element made of insulating material.
  • the thermal protection assembly can have two first heat exchange zones that are specular with respect to a median longitudinal axis of the mobile device.
  • the thermal protection assembly can have two second heat exchange zones that are specular with respect to a median longitudinal axis of the mobile device.
  • the thermal protection assembly comprises at least one metal box-like element positioned between the heating battery and the support of the control panel.
  • the metal box-like element can be integrated in the heating battery.
  • the metal box-like element could be provided at both ends of the heating battery.
  • a mobile device 10a for heating spaces comprises a heating battery 11a provided with one or more radiant elements 12a in which a heated heat transfer fluid flows, and associated with a control panel 13a configured to regulate and control the functioning of the heating battery 11a.
  • the mobile device 10a comprises a thermal protection assembly 14a positioned between the heating battery 11a and the control panel 13a and configured to allow an increase in heat exchange of the heating battery 11a with the surrounding space and a decrease in heat exchange with the control panel 13a.
  • the heating battery 11a has at least one free surface 15a facing the control panel 13a and in contact with the space that surrounds the mobile device 10a, therefore the free surface 15a is air-cooled by natural convection.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14a comprises at least one heat exchange zone, see the zone 19 and/or 23 in fig. 2 , disposed between the heating battery 11a and the control panel 13a and created thanks to the reciprocal distancing between the heating battery 11a and the control panel 13a.
  • the heat produced by the heating battery 11a is dissipated in the external space and the control panel 13a, suitably distanced from the unit, is not affected, or is negligibly affected, by the heat produced by it.
  • the panel 13a is positioned on a support 24 which allows to distance it from the heating battery 13 and to at least partly create the heat exchange zone 19 and/or 23.
  • the support 24 can be for example a box-like element and can also extend for all or part of the height of the mobile device 10a.
  • the free surface 15a of the heating battery can be for example a substantially vertical surface, substantially parallel to the control panel 13a.
  • the control panel 13a comprises a series of electrical and/or electronic components for regulating and controlling the functioning of the heating battery 11a. These components can be associated with knobs 16 for regulating the functioning of the mobile device 10a, which are provided on the control panel 13a.
  • the knobs 16 can be provided, for example, to switch the mobile device 10a on and off, to regulate the temperature or other.
  • a display could also be provided on the control panel 13a to display the temperature and/or other characteristics of the mobile device 10a.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14a can also comprise at least one shielding element 17a positioned between the heating battery 11a and the control panel 13a.
  • the shielding element 17a can be made of plastic material and/or metal material.
  • the support 24 can comprise a pair of opposite walls 25 which extend from the control panel 13a to the shielding element 17a.
  • the extension of the walls 25 will substantially determine the distancing of the shielding element 17a from the control panel 13a.
  • the shielding element 17a can be connected to the heating battery 11a in only a few points required for structural reasons, but in such a way that no phenomena of heat conduction toward the control panel 13a occur.
  • At least one first heat exchange zone 19 can be created between the shielding element 17a and the free surface 15a of the heating battery 11a, having in particular a shape diverging from the inside to the outside of the mobile device 10a.
  • a second heat exchange zone 23 can be created, thanks in particular to the support 24, between the shielding element 17a and the control panel 13a.
  • the first heat exchange zone 19 can be a zone in which heat exchange occurs by natural convection. Therefore, substantially, the shielding element 17a and the free surface 15a will be separated by air.
  • the second heat exchange zone 23 can be a zone in which heat exchange occurs by natural convection. Therefore, substantially, the shielding element 17a and the control panel 13a will be separated by air.
  • At least one element made of insulating material can be provided in the first zone 19 and/or in the second zone 23.
  • two first heat exchange zones 19 are created that are specular with respect to a median longitudinal axis A of the mobile device 10a.
  • the two heat exchange zones 19 and 23 separated by the shielding element 17a in fact represent a double protection of the control panel 13a from the heat emitted by the heating battery 11a.
  • At least one substantially vertical duct 18 in which air flows by natural convection. This duct 18, therefore, further contributes to cooling the control panel 13a.
  • the duct 18 can be made with any internal section whatsoever and can be made of metal material.
  • the shielding element 17a will be connected, in a fixed and movable way, to the duct 18.
  • the shielding element 17a can be made substantially U-shaped, that is, provided with a concavity facing toward the outside of the mobile device 10a. In this way, it is possible to further distance the free surface 15a of the heating battery 11a from the shielding element 17a and obtain a better heat exchange of the heating battery 11a with the surrounding air.
  • the shielding element 17a preferably has a height substantially equal to the height of the radiant elements 12a, therefore it covers the entire height of the heating battery 11a.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14b is positioned between the heating battery 11b, formed by one or more radiant elements 12b, and the control panel 13b.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14b is configured to allow an increase in heat exchange of the heating battery 11b with the surrounding space and a decrease in heat exchange with the control panel 13b.
  • the heating battery 11b has at least one free surface 15b facing toward the control panel 13b and in contact with the space that surrounds the mobile device 10b, therefore the free surface 15b is air-cooled by natural convection.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14b comprises at least one heat exchange zone 22 disposed between the heating battery 11b and the control panel 13b, and created thanks to the reciprocal distancing between the heating battery 11b and the control panel 13b.
  • the free surface 15b of the heating battery 11b can be for example a substantially vertical surface, substantially parallel to the control panel 13b.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14b can comprise a support 20 on which the control panel 13b is positioned, and configured to distance the control panel 13b from the heating battery 11b.
  • the heat exchange zone 22 is at least partly created around the support 20.
  • the support 20 can have a box-like shape and can also extend for all or part of the height of the mobile device 10b.
  • the support 20 can comprise a pair of opposite walls 26 which extend from the control panel 13b to the heating battery 11b. The extension of these walls 26 will substantially determine the distancing of the control panel 13b from the heating battery 11b.
  • the support 20 can also have the function of a cable winder.
  • the thermal protection assembly 14b comprises at least one metal box-like element 21 positioned between the heating battery 11b and the support 20. Air flows by natural convection inside the box-like element 21.
  • the heat exchange zone 22 can be a zone in which heat exchange occurs by natural convection.
  • At least one element made of insulating material could be provided in such zone 22.
  • the metal box-like element 21 can be integrated inside the heating battery 11b, as shown by way of example in fig. 4 .
  • the metal box-like element 21 could also be positioned outside the heating battery 11b.
  • the box-like element 21 and the support 20 in fact represent a double protection zone to protect the control panel 13b from the heat emitted by the heating battery 11b.
  • the metal box-like element 21 could be provided at both ends of the heating battery 11b.
  • the control panel 13b could be positioned indifferently on one side or the other of the heating battery 11b.
  • the present mobile device 10a, 10b for heating spaces ultimately allows an effective thermal separation between the control panel 13a, 13b and the heating battery 11a, 11b.
  • the control panel 13a, 13b is affected by the heat emitted by the heating battery 11a, 11b to a lesser extent than in known mobile heating devices, therefore the control panel is substantially kept cooler than what currently occurs in known mobile heating devices.
  • control panel 13a, 13b with a wide range of materials, for example plastic material and in particular plastic material that does not have particular characteristics of thermal resistance, which is therefore economic.
  • control panel 13a, 13b is kept cooler, it is possible to also produce the control panel 13a, 13b with materials which allow to give it more attractive aesthetic conformations, whether ergonomic or other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) zum Heizen von Räumen, umfassend eine Heizbatterie (11a, 11b), die mit einem oder mehreren Strahlungselementen (12a, 12b) versehen ist, in denen ein erwärmtes Wärmeübertragungsfluid strömt, und die mit einem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) verbunden ist, das so konfiguriert ist, dass es den Betrieb der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) regelt und steuert, wobei eine Wärmeschutzanordnung (14a, 14b) zwischen der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) und dem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) angeordnet und so konfiguriert ist, dass sie eine Erhöhung des Wärmeaustauschs der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) mit dem umgebenden Raum und eine Verringerung des Wärmeaustauschs mit dem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) ermöglicht, wobei die Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) mindestens eine freie Oberfläche (15a, 15b) aufweist, die dem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) zugewandt ist und in Kontakt mit dem Raum steht, der die mobile Vorrichtung umgibt, wobei die Wärmeschutzanordnung (14a, 14b) mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschzone (19, 22, 23) umfasst, die zwischen der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) und dem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) angeordnet ist und durch den gegenseitigen Abstand zwischen der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) und dem Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) entsteht, wobei das Bedienfeld (13a, 13b) auf einem Träger (20, 24) angeordnet ist, der es ermöglicht, es von der Heizbatterie (11a, 11b) zu beabstanden und zumindest teilweise die Wärmeaustauschzone (19, 22, 23) zu erzeugen, wobei die mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Wärmeschutzanordnung (14b) mindestens ein metallkastenartiges Element (21) umfasst, das zwischen der Heizbatterie (11b) und dem Träger (20) angeordnet ist und um das herum die Wärmeaustauschzone (22) zumindest teilweise gebildet wird.
  2. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeschutzanordnung (13a) mindestens ein Abschirmelement (17a) umfasst, das zwischen der Heizbatterie (11a) und dem Bedienfeld (13a) angeordnet ist.
  3. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Abschirmelement (17a) und der Heizbatterie (11a) mindestens eine im Wesentlichen vertikale Leitung (18) angeordnet ist, die so konfiguriert ist, dass in ihrem Inneren Luft durch natürliche Konvektion strömt.
  4. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Abschirmelement (17a) und der Heizbatterie (11a) mindestens ein Element aus Isoliermaterial angeordnet ist.
  5. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitung (18) aus einem Metallmaterial besteht.
  6. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abschirmelement (17a) aus Kunststoff und/oder Metall besteht.
  7. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abschirmelement (17a) eine zur Außenseite der mobilen Vorrichtung weisende Konkavität aufweist.
  8. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Abschirmelement (17a) und der freien Oberfläche (15a) der Heizbatterie (11a) mindestens eine Wärmeaustauschzone (19) geschaffen wird, die eine von der Innenseite zur Außenseite der mobilen Vorrichtung divergierende Form aufweist.
  9. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Abschirmelement (17a) und dem Bedienfeld (13a) eine zweite Wärmeaustauschzone (23) geschaffen wird.
  10. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Zone (19) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie einen Wärmeaustausch durch natürliche Konvektion ermöglicht.
  11. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Zone (23) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie einen Wärmeaustausch durch natürliche Konvektion ermöglicht.
  12. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 8 und/oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der ersten Zone (19) und/oder in der zweiten Zone (23) die Positionierung von mindestens einem Element aus Isoliermaterial vorgesehen ist.
  13. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeschutzanordnung (14a) zwei erste Wärmeaustauschzonen (19) aufweist, die in Bezug auf eine Mittellängsachse (A) der mobilen Vorrichtung spiegelbildlich sind.
  14. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeschutzanordnung (14a) zwei zweite Wärmeaustauschzonen (23) aufweist, die in Bezug auf eine Mittellängsachse (A) der mobilen Vorrichtung spiegelbildlich sind.
  15. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zone (22) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie einen Wärmeaustausch durch natürliche Konvektion ermöglicht.
  16. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Wärmeaustauschzone (22) die Positionierung von mindestens einem Element aus Isoliermaterial vorgesehen ist.
  17. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallkastenartige Element (21) in die Heizbatterie (11b) integriert ist.
  18. Mobile Vorrichtung (10a, 10b) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallkastenartige Element (21) an beiden Enden der Heizbatterie (11b) vorgesehen ist.
EP21815282.5A 2020-10-27 2021-10-27 Mobile vorrichtung zum heizen von räumen Active EP4237754B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000025504A IT202000025504A1 (it) 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Dispositivo mobile per il riscaldamento di ambienti
PCT/IT2021/050356 WO2022091162A1 (en) 2020-10-27 2021-10-27 Mobile device for heating spaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4237754A1 EP4237754A1 (de) 2023-09-06
EP4237754B1 true EP4237754B1 (de) 2025-06-18

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EP (1) EP4237754B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2023548102A (de)
CN (1) CN116648586A (de)
IT (1) IT202000025504A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2022091162A1 (de)

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KR102915647B1 (ko) * 2025-02-26 2026-01-22 주식회사 흥신일렉트로닉스 배터리 구조체를 포함하는 포터블 라디에이터 및 이의 제어 방법

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US5966498A (en) * 1996-08-07 1999-10-12 Lakewood Engineering And Manufacturing Company End closure assembly for oil-filled heater
EP2119972A1 (de) * 2007-01-12 2009-11-18 Guoning Yao Elektrothermischer ölkühler
ITUD20070242A1 (it) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-22 De Longhi Spa Modulo radiante per un'apparecchiatura di riscaldamento e relativo procedimento per realizzare tale modulo radiante
CN101694307B (zh) * 2009-08-31 2011-10-26 陈毅 一种对流式电暖炉
CN102183060A (zh) * 2011-06-02 2011-09-14 美的集团有限公司 一种双层对流油汀
GB2548624B (en) * 2016-03-24 2020-09-16 Enviroheat Het Ltd Heating apparatus
CN205664478U (zh) * 2016-06-03 2016-10-26 韩国其 一种电热油汀
CN107144003A (zh) * 2017-06-02 2017-09-08 四川瑞晟石油设备开发有限公司 一种空气加热器
US20180372340A1 (en) * 2017-06-27 2018-12-27 Ningbo Singfun Electric Appliance Co., LTD Space heater base brackets
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JP7228424B2 (ja) * 2019-03-18 2023-02-24 株式会社コロナ 暖房機

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WO2022091162A1 (en) 2022-05-05
JP2023548102A (ja) 2023-11-15
IT202000025504A1 (it) 2022-04-27
CN116648586A (zh) 2023-08-25
EP4237754A1 (de) 2023-09-06

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