EP4234391A1 - Femelot with sliding shaft and associated boat - Google Patents

Femelot with sliding shaft and associated boat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4234391A1
EP4234391A1 EP23158285.9A EP23158285A EP4234391A1 EP 4234391 A1 EP4234391 A1 EP 4234391A1 EP 23158285 A EP23158285 A EP 23158285A EP 4234391 A1 EP4234391 A1 EP 4234391A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
base
orifice
rudder
gudgeon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23158285.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antoine MEUNIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Befoil
Original Assignee
Befoil
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Befoil filed Critical Befoil
Publication of EP4234391A1 publication Critical patent/EP4234391A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/08—Steering gear
    • B63H25/10—Steering gear with mechanical transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/242—Mounting, suspension of the foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/28—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils
    • B63B1/283—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils movable around a vertical axis, e.g. for steering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
    • B63B1/24—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type
    • B63B1/28—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils
    • B63B1/285—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydrofoil type with movable hydrofoils changing the angle of attack or the lift of the foil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
    • B63B2001/123—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls interconnected by a plurality of beams, or the like members only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02—Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B63H2025/024—Handle-bars; Posts for supporting handle-bars, e.g. adjustable posts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boat stem and an associated boat.
  • a gudgeon ensures the connection between a corresponding rudder and the rest of the boat.
  • a gudgeon is, for example, a simple piece of fittings attached to the rest of the boat, in which the corresponding pintle of the rudder fits.
  • Such a femelot allows a solid connection between the rudder and the rest of the boat.
  • the rudder is provided with a substantially horizontal plane at its base, such a plane helping the longitudinal stability of the boat.
  • a gudgeon as described previously does not make it possible to modify the orientation of the rudder so as to allow such adjustment of the orientation of the plane at the base of the rudder.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a gudgeon adapted to provide a solid connection between a rudder and the rest of a boat, while allowing adjustment of the orientation of the corresponding rudder, in particular allowing the orientation of the a possible plane at the base of the rudder in relation to the horizontal.
  • the invention relates to a femelot for a boat comprising a base adapted to be fixed to a hull of the boat and a shaft provided to be secured to a rudder of the boat, the base having an orifice, the shaft being movable in the orifice in a direction of translation.
  • the invention further relates to a boat comprising at least one hull, at least one rudder and at least one gudgeon of the preceding type, the at least one gudgeon connecting one of the at least one hull and one of the at least one rudder, the base being fixed to the corresponding hull, the shaft being integral with the corresponding rudder.
  • the boat can also have the following characteristic: the boat comprises a plurality of rudders and at least one upper gudgeon and one lower gudgeon per rudder, the upper gudgeon and the lower gudgeon connecting the corresponding rudder to a corresponding hull, the upper gudgeons being synchronized with each other.
  • the longitudinal and transverse directions are understood relative to the normal direction of movement of the boat.
  • the vertical direction corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the surface on which the boat is moving. Up and down are understood relative to the vertical direction.
  • Boat 10, shown here on the figure 1 comprises at least one, here two, hulls 12 and at least one, here two, rudders 14.
  • Boat 10 is here a sailboat.
  • Boat 10 comprises as many rudders 14 as hulls 12.
  • the boat 10 is, for example, of the “foiler” type in English “foil”, that is to say it comprises at least one submerged carrier plane 16 forming a bearing surface.
  • the hull or hulls emerge at least partially from the water, in particular thanks to the bearing surface.
  • Each hull 12 has a rear surface 18, also called a transom.
  • the rear surface 18 extends substantially along a vertical and transverse plane.
  • Each rudder 14 is connected to a corresponding hull 12 by at least one gudgeon, here by two gudgeons 20, 22.
  • each rudder 14 is connected to a corresponding hull 12 by an upper gudgeon 20 and a lower gudgeon 22.
  • the upper gudgeon 20 and the lower gudgeon 22 of the same rudder 14 are aligned in the vertical direction.
  • the gudgeon(s) 20, 22 are, for example, fixed to the hull 12, so that the corresponding rudder 14 extends in a median position with respect to the hull 12.
  • the gudgeon(s) 20, 22 are fixed to the hull 12, so that the corresponding rudder 14 extends in a position offset transversely with respect to the hull 12.
  • Each rudder 14 has here, for example, a substantially horizontal plane at its base.
  • gudgeon 110 An example of gudgeon 110 will now be described in more detail with regard to the figure 2 , 3 And 4 .
  • the stem 110 includes a base 112 and a shaft 114.
  • the gudgeon further comprises a synchronous pinion 116 and/or at least one cylindrical bearing 118.
  • the gudgeon 110 comprises, for example, an axial stop 120.
  • the base 112 is adapted to be fixed to a hull of the boat, more particularly to the rear surface of the hull.
  • the base 112 comprises a base 122 intended to be in contact with the corresponding hull of the boat.
  • the base 122 is substantially planar.
  • the base 122 has a generally rectangular shape.
  • the rectangular shape is oriented such that the shorter side extends vertically.
  • the longer side runs transversely.
  • the base 122 is provided with a recess 123.
  • the base 122 has through holes, here tapped, 124 for fixing the base 122 to the corresponding shell, for example using screws.
  • the holes 124 are, for example, arranged at the corners of the base 122.
  • Base 112 further includes support 126.
  • Bracket 126 serves as a guide for shaft 114 as will be described below.
  • the support 126 projects in relation to the base 122, here perpendicular to the base 122.
  • Support 126 is centered with respect to base 122 in the vertical direction and offset in the transverse direction.
  • Support 126 has a distal end 127 opposite base 122.
  • a reinforcing rib 128 connects support 126 to base 122.
  • the reinforcing rib 128 extends along a transverse and longitudinal plane.
  • the base 112 has an orifice 130.
  • the orifice 130 here passes through the base 112, more particularly the entire support 126, in a main direction of extension.
  • the orifice 130 is delimited by a side wall, the side wall being included in the support 126.
  • the orifice 130 extends from the distal end 127 of the support 126 and opens into the base 122.
  • Orifice 130 has a shoulder 132 at distal end 127.
  • the orifice 130 has, for example, an invariance by rotation around a main axis of extension of the orifice.
  • the orifice 130 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, here a straight cylinder, in sections.
  • the orifice 130 comprises here, more particularly consists of, a front portion 134, a central portion 136 and the shoulder 132, in this order according to the main direction of extension.
  • An intermediate shoulder 135 is formed between the front portion 134 and the central portion 136, more particularly by changing the size between the front portion 134 and the central portion 136.
  • Each of the front portion, the middle portion and the rear shoulder has a straight cylinder shape.
  • the front portion 134 has a diameter strictly greater than that of the central portion 136, which is strictly greater than the diameter of the shoulder 132.
  • the orifice is at least partially threaded.
  • the front portion 134 of the orifice that is to say the side wall delimiting the front portion 134, is at least partially threaded.
  • the base 112 more particularly the support 126, has a window 138 opening into the orifice 130, more particularly at the level of the front portion 134.
  • Window 138 passes through the side wall.
  • the base 112 further has a secondary opening 140 adjacent to the orifice 130.
  • the secondary opening 140 communicates with the orifice 130, here at the level of an overlap zone 142 between the orifice 130 and the secondary opening 140.
  • the assembly formed by the secondary opening 140 and the orifice 130 has symmetry with respect to a plane of symmetry.
  • the entire femelot has symmetry with respect to the plane of symmetry.
  • the plane of symmetry is a plane perpendicular to the vertical.
  • the secondary opening 140 communicates with the orifice 130 at the front portion 134 and the central portion 136.
  • the secondary opening 140 extends parallel to the orifice 130.
  • the main extension axis of the secondary opening 140 is parallel to the main extension axis of the orifice 130.
  • the secondary opening 140 has an invariance by translation along the main direction of extension.
  • the secondary opening 140 is, for example, here a cylinder having an oblong base as its base.
  • the oblong shape has a preferred axis, corresponding to the axis along which the shape is elongated.
  • the preferential axis is here included in the plane of symmetry.
  • the stem includes at least one screw 143, here two screws, extending across the secondary opening 140, between opposite edges 144, 146 of the secondary opening 140.
  • the or each screw 143 extends here in a direction perpendicular to the main direction of extension.
  • the or each screw 143 here extends perpendicular to the plane of symmetry.
  • the or each screw 143 extends in a tangential direction with respect to the orifice 130.
  • the tangential direction corresponds to the local tangential direction of the wall delimiting the orifice 130 at a median of the overlap zone 142.
  • the base 112 is here made of aluminum.
  • the shaft 114 is designed to be integral with a rudder of the boat.
  • Shaft 114 is movable in orifice 130 in a direction of translation.
  • the direction of translation here is the main direction of extension.
  • Shaft 114 extends primarily between an inner end 148 and an outer end 150.
  • Shaft 114 is designed to be integral with the rudder at the outer end 150.
  • the main axis of the shaft coincides with the main axis of the orifice 130.
  • Shaft 114 extends partially into port 130.
  • the shaft 114 is, for example, made of stainless steel.
  • the shaft 114 comprises, here consists of, an inner portion 152, an intermediate portion 154 and an outer portion 156, in this order according to the direction of translation.
  • Internal portion 152 extends within orifice 130.
  • the internal portion 152 here has the shape of a right cylinder.
  • the shaft 114 is at least partially threaded.
  • the intermediate portion 154 has the shape of a right cylinder, having a diameter strictly greater than that of the internal portion 152.
  • Outer portion 156 extends outside of orifice 130.
  • the outer portion 156 has the shape of a right cylinder with two opposite flats.
  • the two flats are opposed to each other in the transverse direction.
  • Each flat extends horizontally.
  • Each flat has an increasing dimension towards the outer end 150.
  • the shaft 114 more particularly the outer portion 156, has a through hole 158.
  • the through hole 158 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the through hole 158 opens on either side at the level of the flats.
  • Through hole 158 is threaded.
  • the shaft 114 is provided with at least one, here two, aspherical bearings 160 at least partially inserted in the through hole 158, more particularly an upper bearing and a lower bearing.
  • the or each bearing has an angular variation of plus or minus 2°.
  • Each bearing 160 here has the shape of a hollow cylinder provided with a flange 162.
  • the outer face of the hollow cylinder here has a complementary thread to the thread of the through hole 158.
  • Each bearing is partially inserted, here screwed, into the through-hole 158, opposite one another.
  • each bearing is inserted into the through hole 158 except for the collar.
  • the collar here bears against the corresponding flat.
  • the upper bearing is inserted, here screwed, into the through hole 158 from an upper side of the through hole, while the lower bearing is inserted, here screwed, into the through hole from a lower side of the through hole, opposite the upper side.
  • the through hole 158 and the bearing(s) 160 do not have threads.
  • the bearing(s) are, for example, glued in the through-hole.
  • the hollow cylinder delimits an internal passage allowing the passage of a rudder shaft.
  • the internal passage has, for example, an evolving profile allowing the precession of the rudder axis, then a parabolic profile emerging at the level of the flange 162.
  • Each bearing is made of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 is integral with the shaft 114, more particularly with the internal portion 152 of the shaft 114, so that a rotation of the synchronous pinion 116 causes a translation of the shaft 114 according to the direction of translation.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 extends into the hole 130 of the base 112, more particularly in the front portion 134 of the hole 130.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 has a toothed cylindrical outer surface 164.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 has a through hole delimited by a cylindrical inner surface, here tapped, 166.
  • the cylindrical outer surface and the cylindrical inner surface are coaxial.
  • the shaft 114 more particularly the inner portion 152 of the shaft, has a thread complementary to the inner surface of the synchronous pinion 116.
  • the shaft 114 passes through the through hole of the synchronous pinion 116, the complementary thread cooperating with the internal threaded surface 166.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 more particularly the outer toothed surface 164, extends partially opposite the window 138.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 is accessible from the exterior of the base 112 through the window 138, more particularly for a user's hand or a tool.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 is made of aluminum.
  • the gudgeon comprises, for example, furthermore a synchronous belt capable of entering into rotation, the synchronous belt then driving the synchronous pinion 116 in rotation.
  • the synchronous belt and the synchronous pinion 116 are integral in rotation.
  • the rotational synchronous belt drives the pinion 116 in rotation, which in turn drives the shaft 114 in translation.
  • the synchronous belt is extended in a loop, so that the belt can be driven continuously.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 extends into the orifice 130, between the shaft 114 and the side wall of the orifice 130.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 extends over the whole of the central portion 136 of the orifice.
  • the at least one pad 118 is, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has an internal through passage, in which the shaft 114 partially extends.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 partially surrounds the shaft.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has an invariance by rotation around an axis corresponding to the main axis of the orifice 130.
  • the at least one cylindrical pad 118 extends between a distal end and a proximal end.
  • the distal end extends here in contact with the shoulder 132.
  • the proximal end is provided with an indexing element 168, here a shoulder.
  • the indexing element 168 extends in contact with the intermediate shoulder 135.
  • the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has the general shape of a straight hollow cylinder provided with the indexing element.
  • the hollow cylinder has an outer diameter equal to the diameter of the central portion 136 of the orifice 130.
  • the hollow cylinder has an internal diameter equal to the diameter of the intermediate portion 154 of the shaft.
  • the indexing element 168 abuts against the intermediate shoulder 135.
  • the shaft 114 is in contact with the wall delimiting the internal through passage of the at least one cylindrical bearing 118.
  • the at least one pad 118 is, for example, formed of a plurality of pads placed one after the other along the main axis of extension.
  • the at least one bearing 118 makes it possible in particular to limit the wear of the shaft.
  • the gudgeon does not include such a bearing, the shaft extending in direct contact with the orifice, the constriction of the orifice thus enclosing the shaft.
  • the screw or screws are, for example, loosened at the time of assembly of the gudgeon, and in particular the insertion of the shaft 114 into the orifice 130.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 is in contact against the proximal end of the at least one bearing 118.
  • the axial stop 120 is in contact with the synchronous pinion 116 opposite the at least one bearing 118, here along the main axis, so that the synchronous pinion 116 is kept fixed in the direction of translation relative to base 112.
  • the axial stop 120 is, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 drives the shaft 114 by cooperation between the internally threaded cylindrical surface 166 and the complementary thread of the shaft 114.
  • the synchronous pinion 116 being fixed with respect to the base 112 according to the direction of translation, the rotation of the synchronous pinion 116 causes a displacement in translation of the shaft 114 according to the direction of translation.
  • the screw or screws are, for example, at least partially loosened during the translational movement of the shaft, then retightened after the translational movement of the shaft.
  • Tightening the screws also makes it possible to take up any play that may be due to wear of the parts.
  • Such a system therefore allows movement of the outer portion of the shaft 114, more particularly of the through-hole 158, through which a rudder shaft passes.
  • all of the gudgeons 20, 22 is, for example, made according to the invention.
  • the gudgeons are fixed to the corresponding hull, so that the corresponding rudder is in the desired alignment.
  • the gudgeons of the right hull are fixed symmetrically to the gudgeons of the left hull.
  • stems being symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane of symmetry, the same model of stem is likely to be used on the right and on the left by turning the stem accordingly.
  • the upper gudgeons 20 are synchronized with each other, so that any movement of the shaft of an upper gudgeon is carried out on the other or the other upper gudgeons.
  • the upper stems are, for example, initialized, so that the extension of the upper stems 20 between the hull and the corresponding rudder is equal between the upper stems 20.
  • the lower gudgeons 22 are also synchronized and initialized with each other.
  • the lower gudgeons 22 are blocked in a given extension identical to each other.
  • Such a configuration is particularly advantageous for synchronizing the rudders with each other.
  • the boat comprises two hulls and two rudders, each rudder being connected to the corresponding hull by an upper gudgeon and a lower gudgeon, the upper gudgeon of a first of the rudders being synchronized with the lower gudgeon of the second of the rudders, the lower gudgeon of the first rudder being synchronized with the upper gudgeon of the second rudder.
  • Such a configuration offers the possibility of putting more impact on one rudder, by removing it in the other, so as to add lift on one side of the boat and downforce on the other. This makes it possible in particular to exert a righting torque opposing the thrust in the sails.
  • the gudgeon according to the invention therefore allows adjustment of the rudder by translation of the shaft relative to the base.
  • the parts are linked together in a solid and robust way.
  • Adjusting the screw by tightening also makes it possible to eliminate any residual play, so that there is no vibration phenomenon within the stem.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Force In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fémelot (110) pour bateau comprenant une base (112) adaptée pour être fixée à une coque du bateau et un arbre (114) prévu pour être solidaire d'un safran du bateau, la base présentant un orifice, l'arbre étant déplaçable dans l'orifice selon une direction de translation.L'invention concerne en outre un bateau associé.The invention relates to a gudgeon (110) for a boat comprising a base (112) adapted to be fixed to a hull of the boat and a shaft (114) provided to be secured to a rudder of the boat, the base having an orifice, the the shaft being movable in the orifice in a direction of translation. The invention further relates to an associated boat.

Description

La présente invention concerne un fémelot pour bateau et un bateau associé.The present invention relates to a boat stem and an associated boat.

Un fémelot assure la liaison entre un safran correspondant et le reste du bateau.A gudgeon ensures the connection between a corresponding rudder and the rest of the boat.

Un fémelot est, par exemple, une simple pièce de ferrure solidaire du reste du bateau, dans laquelle s'emboîte l'aiguillot correspondant du safran.A gudgeon is, for example, a simple piece of fittings attached to the rest of the boat, in which the corresponding pintle of the rudder fits.

Un tel fémelot permet une liaison solide entre le safran et le reste du bateau.Such a femelot allows a solid connection between the rudder and the rest of the boat.

Dans certain cas, le safran est pourvu d'un plan sensiblement horizontal à sa base, un tel plan aidant la stabilité longitudinale du bateau.In some cases, the rudder is provided with a substantially horizontal plane at its base, such a plane helping the longitudinal stability of the boat.

Pour ajuster la stabilité du bateau, il est intéressant de régler l'orientation dudit plan par rapport à l'horizontale.To adjust the stability of the boat, it is advantageous to adjust the orientation of said plane with respect to the horizontal.

Cependant, un fémelot tel que décrit précédemment ne permet pas de modifier l'orientation du safran de sorte à permettre un tel réglage de l'orientation du plan à la base du safran.However, a gudgeon as described previously does not make it possible to modify the orientation of the rudder so as to allow such adjustment of the orientation of the plane at the base of the rudder.

Un objet de l'invention est donc de proposer un fémelot adapté pour offrir une liaison solide entre un safran et le reste d'un bateau, tout en permettant un réglage de l'orientation du safran correspondant, notamment permettant de modifier l'orientation d'un éventuel plan en base de safran par rapport à l'horizontale.An object of the invention is therefore to provide a gudgeon adapted to provide a solid connection between a rudder and the rest of a boat, while allowing adjustment of the orientation of the corresponding rudder, in particular allowing the orientation of the a possible plane at the base of the rudder in relation to the horizontal.

A cet effet, l'invention porte sur un fémelot pour bateau comprenant une base adaptée pour être fixée à une coque du bateau et un arbre prévu pour être solidaire d'un safran du bateau, la base présentant un orifice, l'arbre étant déplaçable dans l'orifice selon une direction de translation.To this end, the invention relates to a femelot for a boat comprising a base adapted to be fixed to a hull of the boat and a shaft provided to be secured to a rudder of the boat, the base having an orifice, the shaft being movable in the orifice in a direction of translation.

Le déplacement de l'arbre par rapport à la base selon la direction de translation permet de modifier la distance entre le safran et la coque au niveau du fémelot. Ainsi, en prévoyant une pluralité de fémelots par safran et en réglant chaque fémelot, une telle structure de fémelot permet le réglage de l'orientation du safran correspondant.The displacement of the shaft relative to the base in the direction of translation makes it possible to modify the distance between the rudder and the hull at the level of the stem. Thus, by providing a plurality of gudgeons per rudder and adjusting each gudgeon, such a gudgeon structure allows adjustment of the orientation of the corresponding rudder.

Le fémelot peut en outre présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, considérées individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • l'arbre est au moins partiellement fileté ;
The gudgeon may also have one or more of the characteristics below, considered individually or in all technically possible combinations:
  • the shaft is at least partially threaded;

Le filetage permet de transformer un mouvement de rotation en un mouvement de translation selon la direction de translation.

  • le fémelot comprend un pignon synchrone solidaire de l'arbre de sorte qu'une rotation du pignon synchrone entraîne une translation de l'arbre selon la direction de translation ;
The thread makes it possible to transform a rotational movement into a translational movement according to the direction of translation.
  • the stem comprises a synchronous pinion secured to the shaft so that rotation of the synchronous pinion causes the shaft to translate in the direction of translation;

Le pignon synchrone est ainsi apte à entraîner l'arbre en translation.

  • le pignon synchrone présente un taraudage complémentaire du filetage de l'arbre, le pignon synchrone étant maintenu fixe selon la direction de translation par rapport à la base ;
The synchronous pinion is thus capable of driving the shaft in translation.
  • the synchronous pinion has a thread complementary to the thread of the shaft, the synchronous pinion being held fixed in the direction of translation relative to the base;

Le filetage transforme un mouvement de rotation du pignon fixe en translation en un mouvement de translation de l'arbre.

  • le fémelot comprend une courroie synchrone apte à entrer en rotation, la courroie synchrone étant apte à entraîner en rotation le pignon synchrone ;
The thread transforms a rotational movement of the fixed pinion in translation into a translational movement of the shaft.
  • the gudgeon comprises a synchronous belt able to enter into rotation, the synchronous belt being able to drive the synchronous pinion in rotation;

La courroie synchrone en rotation entraîne ainsi le pignon en rotation, qui entraîne à son tour l'arbre en translation.

  • le pignon synchrone s'étend dans l'orifice de la base, la base présentant une fenêtre débouchant dans l'orifice, le pignon synchrone étant accessible depuis l'extérieur de la base à travers la fenêtre ;
The synchronous belt in rotation thus drives the pinion in rotation, which in turn drives the shaft in translation.
  • the synchronous pinion extends into the orifice of the base, the base having a window opening into the orifice, the synchronous pinion being accessible from outside the base through the window;

La fenêtre permet un éventuel réglage par un utilisateur.

  • le fémelot comprend au moins un coussinet cylindrique entourant partiellement l'arbre, le coussinet cylindrique s'étendant dans l'orifice entre l'arbre et une paroi de l'orifice ;
The window allows possible adjustment by a user.
  • the stem comprises at least one cylindrical bearing partially surrounding the shaft, the cylindrical bearing extending into the orifice between the shaft and a wall of the orifice;

L'au moins un coussinet permet notamment de limiter l'usure de l'arbre et/ou de la base par contact.

  • la base présente une ouverture secondaire, l'ouverture secondaire étant adjacente de l'orifice, le fémelot comprenant au moins une vis s'étendant entre des bords opposés de l'ouverture secondaire, de sorte que le serrage de l'au moins une vis entraîne l'exercice d'une force rapprochant les bords opposés ;
The at least one bearing makes it possible in particular to limit the wear of the shaft and/or of the base by contact.
  • the base has a secondary opening, the secondary opening being adjacent to the orifice, the socket comprising at least one screw extending between opposite edges of the secondary opening, so that the tightening of the at least one screw causes the exertion of a force bringing the opposite edges together;

En resserrant la vis, les bords de l'ouverture secondaire selon la direction principale de la vis sont rapprochés. Cela entraîne une déformation de l'orifice et permet, par exemple, d'annuler un éventuel jeu selon ladite direction principale entre la base et l'arbre.

  • l'orifice présente une symétrie de rotation autour d'un axe principal s'étendant selon la direction de translation, l'au moins une vis s'étendant selon une direction tangentielle par rapport à l'orifice.
By tightening the screw, the edges of the secondary opening in the main direction of the screw are brought together. This leads to a deformation of the orifice and makes it possible, for example, to cancel any play in said main direction between the base and the shaft.
  • the orifice has rotational symmetry about a main axis extending in the direction of translation, the at least one screw extending in a tangential direction with respect to the orifice.

Cela permet, par exemple, d'annuler un éventuel jeu entre la base et l'arbre en resserrant les bords de l'ouverture secondaire, et ainsi de l'orifice.This makes it possible, for example, to cancel any play between the base and the shaft by tightening the edges of the secondary opening, and thus of the orifice.

L'invention concerne en outre un bateau comprenant au moins une coque, au moins un safran et au moins un fémelot du type précédent, l'au moins un fémelot reliant une de l'au moins une coque et un de l'au moins un safran, la base étant fixée à la coque correspondante, l'arbre étant solidaire du safran correspondant.The invention further relates to a boat comprising at least one hull, at least one rudder and at least one gudgeon of the preceding type, the at least one gudgeon connecting one of the at least one hull and one of the at least one rudder, the base being fixed to the corresponding hull, the shaft being integral with the corresponding rudder.

Le bateau peut en outre présenter la caractéristique suivante : le bateau comprend une pluralité de safrans et au moins un fémelot supérieur et un fémelot inférieur par safran, le fémelot supérieur et le fémelot inférieur reliant le safran correspondant à une coque correspondante, les fémelots supérieurs étant synchronisés entre eux.The boat can also have the following characteristic: the boat comprises a plurality of rudders and at least one upper gudgeon and one lower gudgeon per rudder, the upper gudgeon and the lower gudgeon connecting the corresponding rudder to a corresponding hull, the upper gudgeons being synchronized with each other.

Cela permet notamment de maintenir un parallélisme éventuel entre les safrans.This makes it possible in particular to maintain any parallelism between the rudders.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • [Fig 1] la figure 1 est une vue schématique de derrière d'un bateau selon un exemple de l'invention,
  • [Fig 2] la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un fémelot selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • [Fig 3] la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de derrière de la base du fémelot de la figure 2, et
  • [Fig 4] la figure 4 est une vue en coupe d'une partie du fémelot de la figure 2.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • [ Fig 1 ] there figure 1 is a schematic rear view of a boat according to an example of the invention,
  • [ Fig 2 ] there figure 2 is a perspective view of a gudgeon according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • [ Fig.3 ] there picture 3 is a perspective view from behind of the base of the gudgeon of the figure 2 , And
  • [ Fig 4 ] there figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of part of the femelot of the figure 2 .

Dans la présente description, les directions longitudinales et transversales, la gauche et la droite, sont entendues relativement au sens de déplacement normal du bateau. La direction verticale correspond à la direction perpendiculaire à la surface sur laquelle se déplace le bateau, Le haut et le bas sont entendus relativement à la direction verticale.In the present description, the longitudinal and transverse directions, the left and the right, are understood relative to the normal direction of movement of the boat. The vertical direction corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the surface on which the boat is moving. Up and down are understood relative to the vertical direction.

Le bateau 10, ici représenté sur la figure 1, comprend au moins une, ici deux, coques 12 et au moins un, ici deux, safrans 14.Boat 10, shown here on the figure 1 , comprises at least one, here two, hulls 12 and at least one, here two, rudders 14.

Le bateau 10 est ici un voilier.Boat 10 is here a sailboat.

Le bateau 10 comprend autant de safrans 14 que de coques 12.Boat 10 comprises as many rudders 14 as hulls 12.

Le bateau 10 est, par exemple, du type « foiler » de l'anglais « foil », c'est-à-dire qu'il comprend au moins un plan porteur immergé 16 formant une surface portante.The boat 10 is, for example, of the “foiler” type in English “foil”, that is to say it comprises at least one submerged carrier plane 16 forming a bearing surface.

En mouvement, la ou les coques sortent au moins partiellement de l'eau, notamment grâce à la surface portante.In motion, the hull or hulls emerge at least partially from the water, in particular thanks to the bearing surface.

Chaque coque 12 présente une surface arrière 18, également appelée tableau arrière.Each hull 12 has a rear surface 18, also called a transom.

La surface arrière 18 s'étend sensiblement selon un plan vertical et transversal.The rear surface 18 extends substantially along a vertical and transverse plane.

Chaque safran 14 est relié à une coque 12 correspondante par au moins un fémelot, ici par deux fémelots 20, 22.Each rudder 14 is connected to a corresponding hull 12 by at least one gudgeon, here by two gudgeons 20, 22.

Plus particulièrement, chaque safran 14 est relié à une coque 12 correspondante par un fémelot supérieur 20 et un fémelot inférieur 22.More particularly, each rudder 14 is connected to a corresponding hull 12 by an upper gudgeon 20 and a lower gudgeon 22.

Le fémelot supérieur 20 et le fémelot inférieur 22 d'un même safran 14 sont alignés selon la direction verticale.The upper gudgeon 20 and the lower gudgeon 22 of the same rudder 14 are aligned in the vertical direction.

Le ou les fémelots 20, 22 sont, par exemple, fixés à la coque 12, de sorte que le safran 14 correspondant s'étende dans une position médiane par rapport à la coque 12.The gudgeon(s) 20, 22 are, for example, fixed to the hull 12, so that the corresponding rudder 14 extends in a median position with respect to the hull 12.

Alternativement, le ou les fémelots 20, 22 sont fixés à la coque 12, de sorte que le safran 14 correspondant s'étende dans une position déportée transversalement par rapport à la coque 12.Alternatively, the gudgeon(s) 20, 22 are fixed to the hull 12, so that the corresponding rudder 14 extends in a position offset transversely with respect to the hull 12.

Chaque safran 14 présente ici, par exemple, un plan sensiblement horizontal à sa base.Each rudder 14 has here, for example, a substantially horizontal plane at its base.

Un exemple de fémelot 110 va maintenant être décrit plus en détail en regard des figures 2, 3 et 4.An example of gudgeon 110 will now be described in more detail with regard to the figure 2 , 3 And 4 .

Le fémelot 110 comprend une base 112 et un arbre 114.The stem 110 includes a base 112 and a shaft 114.

Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, le fémelot comprend en outre un pignon synchrone 116 et/ou au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118.In an advantageous embodiment, the gudgeon further comprises a synchronous pinion 116 and/or at least one cylindrical bearing 118.

Additionnellement, le fémelot 110 comprend, par exemple, en outre, une butée axiale 120.Additionally, the gudgeon 110 comprises, for example, an axial stop 120.

La base 112 est adaptée pour être fixée à une coque du bateau, plus particulièrement à la surface arrière de la coque.The base 112 is adapted to be fixed to a hull of the boat, more particularly to the rear surface of the hull.

La base 112 comprend une embase 122 prévue pour être en contact avec la coque correspondante du bateau.The base 112 comprises a base 122 intended to be in contact with the corresponding hull of the boat.

L'embase 122 est sensiblement plane.The base 122 is substantially planar.

L'embase 122 présente une forme générale rectangulaire.The base 122 has a generally rectangular shape.

La forme rectangulaire est orientée tel que le plus petit côté s'étend verticalement.The rectangular shape is oriented such that the shorter side extends vertically.

Le plus grand côté s'étend transversalement.The longer side runs transversely.

L'embase 122 est pourvue d'une empreinte 123.The base 122 is provided with a recess 123.

Cela permet notamment d'alléger la base 112.This makes it possible in particular to lighten the base 112.

L'embase 122 présente des trous traversants, ici taraudés, 124 pour la fixation de l'embase 122 à la coque correspondante, par exemple à l'aide de vis.The base 122 has through holes, here tapped, 124 for fixing the base 122 to the corresponding shell, for example using screws.

Les trous 124 sont, par exemple, agencés aux coins de l'embase 122.The holes 124 are, for example, arranged at the corners of the base 122.

La base 112 comprend en outre un support 126.Base 112 further includes support 126.

Le support 126 sert de guide à l'arbre 114 comme cela sera décrit ci-après.Bracket 126 serves as a guide for shaft 114 as will be described below.

Le support 126 s'étend en saillie par rapport à l'embase 122, ici perpendiculairement à l'embase 122.The support 126 projects in relation to the base 122, here perpendicular to the base 122.

Le support 126 est centré par rapport à l'embase 122 selon la direction verticale et déporté selon la direction transversale.Support 126 is centered with respect to base 122 in the vertical direction and offset in the transverse direction.

Le support 126 présente une extrémité distale 127 à l'opposé de l'embase 122.Support 126 has a distal end 127 opposite base 122.

Une nervure de renforcement 128 relie le support 126 à l'embase 122.A reinforcing rib 128 connects support 126 to base 122.

La nervure de renforcement 128 s'étend selon un plan transversal et longitudinal.The reinforcing rib 128 extends along a transverse and longitudinal plane.

La base 112 présente un orifice 130.The base 112 has an orifice 130.

L'orifice 130 traverse ici la base 112, plus particulièrement l'ensemble du support 126, selon une direction d'extension principale.The orifice 130 here passes through the base 112, more particularly the entire support 126, in a main direction of extension.

L'orifice 130 est délimité par une paroi latérale, la paroi latérale étant comprise dans le support 126.The orifice 130 is delimited by a side wall, the side wall being included in the support 126.

L'orifice 130 s'étend depuis l'extrémité distale 127 du support 126 et débouche dans l'embase 122.The orifice 130 extends from the distal end 127 of the support 126 and opens into the base 122.

L'orifice 130 présente un épaulement 132 au niveau de l'extrémité distale 127.Orifice 130 has a shoulder 132 at distal end 127.

L'orifice 130 présente, par exemple, une invariance par rotation autour d'un axe principal d'extension de l'orifice.The orifice 130 has, for example, an invariance by rotation around a main axis of extension of the orifice.

L'orifice 130 présente, par exemple, une forme cylindrique, ici de cylindre droit, par tronçons.The orifice 130 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, here a straight cylinder, in sections.

L'orifice 130 comprend ici, plus particulièrement est constitué de, une portion avant 134, une portion centrale 136 et l'épaulement 132, dans cet ordre selon la direction d'extension principale.The orifice 130 comprises here, more particularly consists of, a front portion 134, a central portion 136 and the shoulder 132, in this order according to the main direction of extension.

Un épaulement intermédiaire 135 est formé entre la portion avant 134 et la portion centrale 136, plus particulièrement par changement de dimension entre la portion avant 134 et la portion centrale 136.An intermediate shoulder 135 is formed between the front portion 134 and the central portion 136, more particularly by changing the size between the front portion 134 and the central portion 136.

Chacun de la portion avant, la portion centrale et l'épaulement arrière présente une forme de cylindre droit.Each of the front portion, the middle portion and the rear shoulder has a straight cylinder shape.

La portion avant 134 présente un diamètre strictement supérieur à celui de la portion centrale 136, qui est strictement supérieure au diamètre de l'épaulement 132.The front portion 134 has a diameter strictly greater than that of the central portion 136, which is strictly greater than the diameter of the shoulder 132.

L'orifice, plus particulièrement la paroi latérale délimitant l'orifice 130, est au moins partiellement fileté.The orifice, more particularly the side wall delimiting the orifice 130, is at least partially threaded.

Plus particulièrement, la portion avant 134 de l'orifice, c'est-à-dire la paroi latérale délimitant la portion avant 134, est au moins partiellement filetée.More particularly, the front portion 134 of the orifice, that is to say the side wall delimiting the front portion 134, is at least partially threaded.

La base 112, plus particulièrement le support 126, présente une fenêtre 138 débouchant dans l'orifice 130, plus particulièrement au niveau de la portion avant 134.The base 112, more particularly the support 126, has a window 138 opening into the orifice 130, more particularly at the level of the front portion 134.

La fenêtre 138 traverse la paroi latérale.Window 138 passes through the side wall.

La base 112 présente, en outre, une ouverture secondaire 140 adjacente de l'orifice 130.The base 112 further has a secondary opening 140 adjacent to the orifice 130.

Plus particulièrement, l'ouverture secondaire 140 communique avec l'orifice 130, ici au niveau d'une zone de recouvrement 142 entre l'orifice 130 et l'ouverture secondaire 140.More particularly, the secondary opening 140 communicates with the orifice 130, here at the level of an overlap zone 142 between the orifice 130 and the secondary opening 140.

L'ensemble formé de l'ouverture secondaire 140 et de l'orifice 130 présente une symétrie par rapport à un plan de symétrie.The assembly formed by the secondary opening 140 and the orifice 130 has symmetry with respect to a plane of symmetry.

L'ensemble du fémelot présente une symétrie par rapport au plan de symétrie.The entire femelot has symmetry with respect to the plane of symmetry.

Le plan de symétrie est un plan perpendiculaire à la verticale.The plane of symmetry is a plane perpendicular to the vertical.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'ouverture secondaire 140 communique avec l'orifice 130 au niveau de la portion avant 134 et de la portion centrale 136.In the example shown, the secondary opening 140 communicates with the orifice 130 at the front portion 134 and the central portion 136.

L'ouverture secondaire 140 s'étend parallèlement à l'orifice 130.The secondary opening 140 extends parallel to the orifice 130.

L'axe d'extension principale de l'ouverture secondaire 140 est parallèle à l'axe d'extension principale de l'orifice 130.The main extension axis of the secondary opening 140 is parallel to the main extension axis of the orifice 130.

L'ouverture secondaire 140 présente une invariance par translation selon la direction d'extension principale.The secondary opening 140 has an invariance by translation along the main direction of extension.

L'ouverture secondaire 140 est, par exemple, ici un cylindre ayant pour base une forme oblongue.The secondary opening 140 is, for example, here a cylinder having an oblong base as its base.

La forme oblongue présente un axe préférentiel, correspondant à l'axe selon lequel la forme est allongée.The oblong shape has a preferred axis, corresponding to the axis along which the shape is elongated.

L'axe préférentiel est ici compris dans le plan de symétrie.The preferential axis is here included in the plane of symmetry.

Le fémelot comprend au moins une vis 143, ici deux vis, s'étendant en travers de l'ouverture secondaire 140, entre des bords opposés 144, 146 de l'ouverture secondaire 140.The stem includes at least one screw 143, here two screws, extending across the secondary opening 140, between opposite edges 144, 146 of the secondary opening 140.

Les bords opposés correspondent ici au symétrique l'un de l'autre par rapport au plan de symétrie.The opposite edges here correspond to the mirror image of each other with respect to the plane of symmetry.

La ou chaque vis 143 s'étend ici selon une direction perpendiculaire à la direction principale d'extension.The or each screw 143 extends here in a direction perpendicular to the main direction of extension.

La ou chaque vis 143 s'étend ici perpendiculairement par rapport au plan de symétrie.The or each screw 143 here extends perpendicular to the plane of symmetry.

La ou chaque vis 143 s'étend selon une direction tangentielle par rapport à l'orifice 130. La direction tangentielle correspond à la direction tangentielle locale de la paroi délimitant l'orifice 130 en une médiane de la zone de recouvrement 142.The or each screw 143 extends in a tangential direction with respect to the orifice 130. The tangential direction corresponds to the local tangential direction of the wall delimiting the orifice 130 at a median of the overlap zone 142.

En resserrant la vis 143, une force rapprochant les bords opposés s'exerce, ce qui entraîne une déformation en conséquence de l'orifice 130, plus particulièrement un resserrement de l'orifice 130.By tightening the screw 143, a force bringing the opposite edges together is exerted, which causes a consequent deformation of the orifice 130, more particularly a tightening of the orifice 130.

La base 112 est ici réalisée en aluminium.The base 112 is here made of aluminum.

L'arbre 114 est prévu pour être solidaire d'un safran du bateau.The shaft 114 is designed to be integral with a rudder of the boat.

L'arbre 114 est déplaçable dans l'orifice 130 selon une direction de translation.Shaft 114 is movable in orifice 130 in a direction of translation.

La direction de translation est ici la direction d'extension principale.The direction of translation here is the main direction of extension.

L'arbre 114 s'étend principalement entre une extrémité interne 148 et une extrémité externe 150.Shaft 114 extends primarily between an inner end 148 and an outer end 150.

L'arbre 114 est prévu pour être solidaire du safran au niveau de l'extrémité externe 150.Shaft 114 is designed to be integral with the rudder at the outer end 150.

L'axe principal de l'arbre est confondu avec l'axe principal de l'orifice 130.The main axis of the shaft coincides with the main axis of the orifice 130.

L'arbre 114 s'étend partiellement dans l'orifice 130.Shaft 114 extends partially into port 130.

L'arbre 114 est, par exemple, réalisé en acier inoxydable.The shaft 114 is, for example, made of stainless steel.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, l'arbre 114 comprend, ici est constitué de, une portion interne 152, une portion intermédiaire 154 et une portion externe 156, dans cet ordre selon la direction de translation.In the embodiment shown, the shaft 114 comprises, here consists of, an inner portion 152, an intermediate portion 154 and an outer portion 156, in this order according to the direction of translation.

La portion interne 152 s'étend au sein de l'orifice 130.Internal portion 152 extends within orifice 130.

La portion interne 152 présente ici une forme de cylindre droit.The internal portion 152 here has the shape of a right cylinder.

L'arbre 114, plus particulièrement la portion interne 152, est au moins partiellement fileté.The shaft 114, more particularly the internal portion 152, is at least partially threaded.

La portion intermédiaire 154 présente une forme de cylindre droit, ayant un diamètre strictement supérieur à celui de la portion interne 152.The intermediate portion 154 has the shape of a right cylinder, having a diameter strictly greater than that of the internal portion 152.

La portion externe 156 s'étend en dehors de l'orifice 130.Outer portion 156 extends outside of orifice 130.

La portion externe 156 présente une forme de cylindre droit avec deux méplats opposés.The outer portion 156 has the shape of a right cylinder with two opposite flats.

Les deux méplats sont opposés l'un à l'autre selon la direction transversale.The two flats are opposed to each other in the transverse direction.

Chaque méplat s'étend horizontalement.Each flat extends horizontally.

Chaque méplat présente une dimension croissante en direction de l'extrémité externe 150.Each flat has an increasing dimension towards the outer end 150.

L'arbre 114, plus particulièrement la portion externe 156, présente un trou traversant 158.The shaft 114, more particularly the outer portion 156, has a through hole 158.

Le trou traversant 158 s'étend selon la direction verticale.The through hole 158 extends in the vertical direction.

Le trou traversant 158 débouche de part et d'autre au niveau des méplats.The through hole 158 opens on either side at the level of the flats.

Le trou traversant 158 est fileté.Through hole 158 is threaded.

L'arbre 114 est pourvu d'au moins un, ici de deux, paliers asphériques 160 au moins partiellement insérés dans le trou traversant 158, plus particulièrement un palier supérieur et un palier inférieur.The shaft 114 is provided with at least one, here two, aspherical bearings 160 at least partially inserted in the through hole 158, more particularly an upper bearing and a lower bearing.

Le ou chaque palier présente une variation angulaire de plus ou moins 2°.The or each bearing has an angular variation of plus or minus 2°.

Chaque palier 160 présente ici la forme d'un cylindre creux muni d'une collerette 162.Each bearing 160 here has the shape of a hollow cylinder provided with a flange 162.

La face extérieure du cylindre creux présente ici un filetage complémentaire du filetage du trou traversant 158.The outer face of the hollow cylinder here has a complementary thread to the thread of the through hole 158.

Chaque palier est partiellement inséré, ici vissé, dans le trou traversant 158, à l'opposé l'un de l'autre.Each bearing is partially inserted, here screwed, into the through-hole 158, opposite one another.

Plus particulièrement, chaque palier est inséré dans le trou traversant 158 à l'exception de la collerette.More particularly, each bearing is inserted into the through hole 158 except for the collar.

La collerette vient ici en appui contre le méplat correspondant.The collar here bears against the corresponding flat.

Plus particulièrement, le palier supérieur est inséré, ici vissé, dans le trou traversant 158 à partir d'un côté supérieur du trou traversant, alors que le palier inférieur est inséré, ici vissé, dans le trou traversant à partir d'un côté inférieur du trou traversant, opposé au côté supérieur.More particularly, the upper bearing is inserted, here screwed, into the through hole 158 from an upper side of the through hole, while the lower bearing is inserted, here screwed, into the through hole from a lower side of the through hole, opposite the upper side.

Alternativement, le trou traversant 158 et le(s) palier(s) 160 ne présentent pas de filetage. Le ou les palier(s) sont, par exemple, collés dans le trou traversant.Alternatively, the through hole 158 and the bearing(s) 160 do not have threads. The bearing(s) are, for example, glued in the through-hole.

Le cylindre creux délimite un passage interne permettant le passage d'un axe du safran.The hollow cylinder delimits an internal passage allowing the passage of a rudder shaft.

Le passage interne a, par exemple, un profil évolutif autorisant la précession de l'axe du safran, puis un profil parabolique débouchant au niveau de la collerette 162.The internal passage has, for example, an evolving profile allowing the precession of the rudder axis, then a parabolic profile emerging at the level of the flange 162.

Chaque palier est réalisé en polytéréphtalate d'éthylène.Each bearing is made of polyethylene terephthalate.

Le pignon synchrone 116 est solidaire de l'arbre 114, plus particulièrement de la portion interne 152 de l'arbre 114, de sorte qu'une rotation du pignon synchrone 116 entraîne une translation de l'arbre 114 selon la direction de translation.The synchronous pinion 116 is integral with the shaft 114, more particularly with the internal portion 152 of the shaft 114, so that a rotation of the synchronous pinion 116 causes a translation of the shaft 114 according to the direction of translation.

Le pignon synchrone 116 s'étend dans l'orifice 130 de la base 112, plus particulièrement dans la portion avant 134 de l'orifice 130.The synchronous pinion 116 extends into the hole 130 of the base 112, more particularly in the front portion 134 of the hole 130.

Le pignon synchrone 116 présente une surface extérieure cylindrique dentée 164.The synchronous pinion 116 has a toothed cylindrical outer surface 164.

Le pignon synchrone 116 présente un orifice traversant délimité par une surface intérieure cylindrique, ici taraudée, 166.The synchronous pinion 116 has a through hole delimited by a cylindrical inner surface, here tapped, 166.

La surface extérieure cylindrique et la surface intérieure cylindrique sont coaxiales.The cylindrical outer surface and the cylindrical inner surface are coaxial.

L'arbre 114, plus particulièrement la portion interne 152 de l'arbre, présente un filetage complémentaire de la surface intérieure du pignon synchrone 116.The shaft 114, more particularly the inner portion 152 of the shaft, has a thread complementary to the inner surface of the synchronous pinion 116.

L'arbre 114 traverse l'orifice traversant du pignon synchrone 116, le filetage complémentaire coopérant avec la surface intérieure taraudée 166.The shaft 114 passes through the through hole of the synchronous pinion 116, the complementary thread cooperating with the internal threaded surface 166.

Le pignon synchrone 116, plus particulièrement la surface extérieure dentée 164, s'étend partiellement en regard de la fenêtre 138.The synchronous pinion 116, more particularly the outer toothed surface 164, extends partially opposite the window 138.

Le pignon synchrone 116 est accessible depuis l'extérieur de la base 112 à travers la fenêtre 138, plus particulièrement pour la main d'un utilisateur ou un outil.The synchronous pinion 116 is accessible from the exterior of the base 112 through the window 138, more particularly for a user's hand or a tool.

Le pignon synchrone 116 est réalisé en aluminium.The synchronous pinion 116 is made of aluminum.

Le fémelot comprend, par exemple, en outre une courroie synchrone apte à entrer en rotation, la courroie synchrone entraînant alors en rotation le pignon synchrone 116.The gudgeon comprises, for example, furthermore a synchronous belt capable of entering into rotation, the synchronous belt then driving the synchronous pinion 116 in rotation.

La courroie synchrone et le pignon synchrone 116 sont solidaires en rotation.The synchronous belt and the synchronous pinion 116 are integral in rotation.

Ainsi, la courroie synchrone en rotation entraîne le pignon 116 en rotation, qui entraîne à son tour l'arbre 114 en translation.Thus, the rotational synchronous belt drives the pinion 116 in rotation, which in turn drives the shaft 114 in translation.

La courroie synchrone est prolongée en une boucle, de manière à permettre d'entraîner la courroie en continu.The synchronous belt is extended in a loop, so that the belt can be driven continuously.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 s'étend dans l'orifice 130, entre l'arbre 114 et la paroi latérale de l'orifice 130.The at least one cylindrical bearing 118 extends into the orifice 130, between the shaft 114 and the side wall of the orifice 130.

Plus particulièrement, l'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 s'étend sur l'ensemble de la portion centrale 136 de l'orifice.More particularly, the at least one cylindrical bearing 118 extends over the whole of the central portion 136 of the orifice.

L'au moins un coussinet 118 est, par exemple, réalisé en polytéréphtalate d'éthylène.The at least one pad 118 is, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 présente un passage interne traversant, dans lequel s'étend partiellement l'arbre 114.The at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has an internal through passage, in which the shaft 114 partially extends.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 entoure partiellement l'arbre.The at least one cylindrical bearing 118 partially surrounds the shaft.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 présente une invariance par rotation autour d'un axe correspondant à l'axe principal de l'orifice 130.The at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has an invariance by rotation around an axis corresponding to the main axis of the orifice 130.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 s'étend entre une extrémité distale et une extrémité proximale.The at least one cylindrical pad 118 extends between a distal end and a proximal end.

L'extrémité distale s'étend ici en contact avec l'épaulement 132.The distal end extends here in contact with the shoulder 132.

L'extrémité proximale est pourvue d'un élément d'indexation 168, ici un épaulement.The proximal end is provided with an indexing element 168, here a shoulder.

L'élément d'indexation 168 s'étend en contact avec l'épaulement intermédiaire 135.The indexing element 168 extends in contact with the intermediate shoulder 135.

L'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118 présente une forme générale de cylindre creux droit pourvu de l'élément d'indexation.The at least one cylindrical bearing 118 has the general shape of a straight hollow cylinder provided with the indexing element.

Le cylindre creux présente un diamètre externe égal au diamètre de la portion centrale 136 de l'orifice 130.The hollow cylinder has an outer diameter equal to the diameter of the central portion 136 of the orifice 130.

Le cylindre creux présente un diamètre interne égal au diamètre de la portion intermédiaire 154 de l'arbre.The hollow cylinder has an internal diameter equal to the diameter of the intermediate portion 154 of the shaft.

L'élément d'indexation 168 est en butée contre l'épaulement intermédiaire 135.The indexing element 168 abuts against the intermediate shoulder 135.

L'arbre 114, plus particulièrement la portion intermédiaire 154, est en contact avec la paroi délimitant le passage interne traversant de l'au moins un coussinet cylindrique 118.The shaft 114, more particularly the intermediate portion 154, is in contact with the wall delimiting the internal through passage of the at least one cylindrical bearing 118.

L'au moins un coussinet 118 est, par exemple, formé d'une pluralité de coussinets mis les uns à la suite des autres selon l'axe principal d'extension.The at least one pad 118 is, for example, formed of a plurality of pads placed one after the other along the main axis of extension.

L'au moins un coussinet 118 permet notamment de limiter l'usure de l'arbre.The at least one bearing 118 makes it possible in particular to limit the wear of the shaft.

Lorsque la ou les vis sont resserrées, la force rapprochant les bords opposés entrainant un resserrement de l'orifice 130 entraîne en outre un écrasement de l'au moins un coussinet 118, entourant l'arbre 114.When the screw or screws are tightened, the force bringing the opposite edges together causing a tightening of the orifice 130 also causes a crushing of the at least one bearing 118, surrounding the shaft 114.

Cela permet d'éliminer tout jeu éventuel entre l'arbre et l'orifice.This eliminates any possible play between the shaft and the orifice.

Alernativement, le fémelot ne comprend pas un tel coussinet, l'arbre s'étendant en contact direct avec l'orifice, le resserrement de l'orifice enserrant ainsi l'arbre.Alternatively, the gudgeon does not include such a bearing, the shaft extending in direct contact with the orifice, the constriction of the orifice thus enclosing the shaft.

La ou les vis sont, par exemple, desserrées au moment du montage du fémelot, et notamment de l'insertion de l'arbre 114 dans l'orifice 130.The screw or screws are, for example, loosened at the time of assembly of the gudgeon, and in particular the insertion of the shaft 114 into the orifice 130.

Le pignon synchrone 116 est en contact contre l'extrémité proximale de l'au moins un coussinet 118.The synchronous pinion 116 is in contact against the proximal end of the at least one bearing 118.

La butée axiale 120 est en contact avec le pignon synchrone 116 à l'opposé de l'au moins un coussinet 118, ici selon l'axe principal, de sorte que le pignon synchrone 116 est maintenu fixe selon la direction de translation par rapport à la base 112.The axial stop 120 is in contact with the synchronous pinion 116 opposite the at least one bearing 118, here along the main axis, so that the synchronous pinion 116 is kept fixed in the direction of translation relative to base 112.

La butée axiale 120 est, par exemple, réalisé en polytéréphtalate d'éthylène.The axial stop 120 is, for example, made of polyethylene terephthalate.

Ainsi, en cas de rotation du pignon synchrone 116, celui-ci entraîne l'arbre 114 par coopération entre la surface intérieure cylindrique taraudée 166 et le filetage complémentaire de l'arbre 114. Le pignon synchrone 116 étant fixe par rapport à la base 112 selon la direction de translation, la rotation du pignon synchrone 116 entraîne un déplacement en translation de l'arbre 114 selon la direction de translation.Thus, in the event of rotation of the synchronous pinion 116, the latter drives the shaft 114 by cooperation between the internally threaded cylindrical surface 166 and the complementary thread of the shaft 114. The synchronous pinion 116 being fixed with respect to the base 112 according to the direction of translation, the rotation of the synchronous pinion 116 causes a displacement in translation of the shaft 114 according to the direction of translation.

La ou les vis sont, par exemple, au moins partiellement desserrées lors du déplacement en translation de l'arbre, puis resserrées après le déplacement en translation de l'arbre.The screw or screws are, for example, at least partially loosened during the translational movement of the shaft, then retightened after the translational movement of the shaft.

Cela permet notamment d'éliminer tout jeu introduit pour permettre le mouvement entre l'arbre 114 et la base 112.In particular, this makes it possible to eliminate any play introduced to allow movement between the shaft 114 and the base 112.

Le serrage des vis permet en outre de rattraper un éventuel jeu qui serait dû à l'usure des pièces.Tightening the screws also makes it possible to take up any play that may be due to wear of the parts.

Un tel système permet donc le déplacement de la portion externe de l'arbre 114, plus particulièrement du trou traversant 158, par lequel passe un axe du safran.Such a system therefore allows movement of the outer portion of the shaft 114, more particularly of the through-hole 158, through which a rudder shaft passes.

Cela permet ainsi de régler la distance entre la coque et le safran au niveau du fémelot correspondant.This thus makes it possible to adjust the distance between the hull and the rudder at the level of the corresponding gudgeon.

Dans le bateau décrit précédemment, en regard de la figure 1, l'ensemble des fémelots 20, 22 est, par exemple, réalisé selon l'invention.In the boat described above, next to the figure 1 , all of the gudgeons 20, 22 is, for example, made according to the invention.

Alternativement, seul les fémelots supérieurs 20 ou les fémelots inférieurs 22 sont réalisés selon l'invention.Alternatively, only the upper stems 20 or the lower stems 22 are made according to the invention.

Les fémelots, plus particulièrement l'embase des fémelots, sont fixés à la coque correspondante, de sorte que le safran correspondant soit dans l'alignement souhaité.The gudgeons, more particularly the base of the gudgeons, are fixed to the corresponding hull, so that the corresponding rudder is in the desired alignment.

Dans le cas d'un bateau à deux coques, les fémelots de la coque droite sont fixés symétriquement des fémelots de la coque gauche.In the case of a boat with two hulls, the gudgeons of the right hull are fixed symmetrically to the gudgeons of the left hull.

Il est intéressant de noter que les fémelots étant symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie horizontal, le même modèle de fémelot est susceptible d'être utilisé à droite et à gauche en retournant le fémelot en conséquence.It is interesting to note that the stems being symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane of symmetry, the same model of stem is likely to be used on the right and on the left by turning the stem accordingly.

En déplaçant les arbres des fémelots supérieurs 20 ou des fémelots inférieurs 22, il est ainsi possible de régler l'orientation du safran correspondant, notamment pour permettre de modifier l'orientation d'un éventuel plan en base de safran par rapport à l'horizontale.By moving the shafts of the upper gudgeons 20 or of the lower gudgeons 22, it is thus possible to adjust the orientation of the corresponding rudder, in particular to make it possible to modify the orientation of a possible plane at the base of the rudder with respect to the horizontal .

Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, les fémelots supérieurs 20 sont synchronisés entre eux, de sorte que tout déplacement de l'arbre d'un fémelot supérieur est réalisé sur l'autre ou les autres fémelots supérieurs.In an advantageous embodiment, the upper gudgeons 20 are synchronized with each other, so that any movement of the shaft of an upper gudgeon is carried out on the other or the other upper gudgeons.

Les fémelots supérieurs sont, par exemple, initialisés, de sorte que l'extension des fémelots supérieurs 20 entre la coque et le safran correspondants est égale entre les fémelots supérieurs 20.The upper stems are, for example, initialized, so that the extension of the upper stems 20 between the hull and the corresponding rudder is equal between the upper stems 20.

Additionnellement, les fémelots inférieurs 22 sont également synchronisés et initialisés entre eux.Additionally, the lower gudgeons 22 are also synchronized and initialized with each other.

Alternativement, les fémelots inférieurs 22 sont bloqués dans une extension donnée identique entre eux.Alternatively, the lower gudgeons 22 are blocked in a given extension identical to each other.

Une telle configuration est particulièrement avantageuse pour synchroniser entre eux les safrans.Such a configuration is particularly advantageous for synchronizing the rudders with each other.

Dans une utilisation particulière de l'invention, le bateau comprend deux coques et deux safrans, chaque safran étant relié à la coque correspondant par un fémelot supérieur et un fémelot inférieur, le fémelot supérieur d'un premier des safrans étant synchronisé avec le fémelot inférieur du deuxième des safrans, le fémelot inférieur du premier safran étant synchronisé avec le fémelot supérieur du deuxième safran.In a particular use of the invention, the boat comprises two hulls and two rudders, each rudder being connected to the corresponding hull by an upper gudgeon and a lower gudgeon, the upper gudgeon of a first of the rudders being synchronized with the lower gudgeon of the second of the rudders, the lower gudgeon of the first rudder being synchronized with the upper gudgeon of the second rudder.

Une telle configuration offre la possibilité de mettre plus d'incidence sur un safran, en en enlevant dans l'autre, de sorte à ajouter de la portance d'un côté du bateau et de la déportance de l'autre. Cela permet notamment d'exercer un couple de redressement s'opposant à la poussée dans les voiles.Such a configuration offers the possibility of putting more impact on one rudder, by removing it in the other, so as to add lift on one side of the boat and downforce on the other. This makes it possible in particular to exert a righting torque opposing the thrust in the sails.

Le fémelot selon l'invention permet donc un réglage du safran par translation de l'arbre par rapport à la base.The gudgeon according to the invention therefore allows adjustment of the rudder by translation of the shaft relative to the base.

Les pièces sont liées entre elle de manière solide et robuste.The parts are linked together in a solid and robust way.

Le réglage par serrage de la vis permet en outre de supprimer tout jeu résiduel, de sorte qu'il n'y a pas de phénomène vibratoire au sein du fémelot.Adjusting the screw by tightening also makes it possible to eliminate any residual play, so that there is no vibration phenomenon within the stem.

Claims (11)

Fémelot (20, 22 ; 110) pour bateau (10) comprenant une base (112) adaptée pour être fixée à une coque (12) du bateau et un arbre (114) prévu pour être solidaire d'un safran (14) du bateau, la base (112) présentant un orifice (130), l'arbre (114) étant déplaçable dans l'orifice (130) selon une direction de translation.Stem (20, 22; 110) for a boat (10) comprising a base (112) adapted to be fixed to a hull (12) of the boat and a shaft (114) designed to be integral with a rudder (14) of the boat , the base (112) having an orifice (130), the shaft (114) being movable in the orifice (130) in a direction of translation. Fémelot selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la base (112) présente une ouverture secondaire (140), l'ouverture secondaire (140) étant adjacente de l'orifice (130), le fémelot (110) comprenant au moins une vis (143) s'étendant entre des bords opposés (144, 146) de l'ouverture secondaire, de sorte que le serrage de l'au moins une vis (143) entraîne l'exercice d'une force rapprochant les bords opposés (144, 146).Stem according to Claim 1, in which the base (112) has a secondary opening (140), the secondary opening (140) being adjacent to the orifice (130), the stem (110) comprising at least one screw (143 ) extending between opposite edges (144, 146) of the secondary opening, so that the tightening of the at least one screw (143) causes the exertion of a force bringing the opposite edges (144, 146 ). Fémelot selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l'orifice (130) présente une symétrie de rotation autour d'un axe principal s'étendant selon la direction de translation, l'au moins une vis (143) s'étendant selon une direction tangentielle par rapport à l'orifice (130).Socket according to Claim 2, in which the orifice (130) has rotational symmetry around a main axis extending in the direction of translation, the at least one screw (143) extending in a tangential direction relative to the orifice (130). Fémelot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel l'arbre (114) est au moins partiellement fileté.Stem according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the shaft (114) is at least partially threaded. Fémelot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant un pignon synchrone (116) solidaire de l'arbre (114) de sorte qu'une rotation du pignon synchrone (116) entraîne une translation de l'arbre (114) selon la direction de translation.Rod according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a synchronous pinion (116) integral with the shaft (114) so that a rotation of the synchronous pinion (116) causes a translation of the shaft (114) according to the direction of translation. Fémelot selon la revendication 5, dans lequel le pignon synchrone (116) présente un taraudage complémentaire du filetage de l'arbre (114), le pignon synchrone (116) étant maintenu fixe selon la direction de translation par rapport à la base (112).Stem according to Claim 5, in which the synchronous pinion (116) has a thread complementary to the thread of the shaft (114), the synchronous pinion (116) being held fixed in the direction of translation relative to the base (112) . Fémelot selon la revendication 5 ou 6, comprenant une courroie synchrone apte à entrer en rotation, la courroie synchrone étant apte à entraîner en rotation le pignon synchrone (116).Stub according to claim 5 or 6, comprising a synchronous belt able to enter into rotation, the synchronous belt being able to drive the synchronous pinion (116) in rotation. Fémelot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, dans lequel le pignon synchrone (116) s'étend dans l'orifice (130) de la base (112), la base (112) présentant une fenêtre (138) débouchant dans l'orifice (130), le pignon synchrone (116) étant accessible depuis l'extérieur de la base (112) à travers la fenêtre (138).Stem according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, in which the synchronous pinion (116) extends into the orifice (130) of the base (112), the base (112) having a window (138) opening into the port (130), the synchronous pinion (116) being accessible from outside the base (112) through the window (138). Fémelot selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant au moins un coussinet cylindrique (118) entourant partiellement l'arbre (114), le coussinet cylindrique (118) s'étendant dans l'orifice (130) entre l'arbre (114) et une paroi de l'orifice (130).Stem according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least one cylindrical bearing (118) partially surrounding the shaft (114), the cylindrical bearing (118) extending into the hole (130) between the shaft (114) and an orifice wall (130). Bateau (10) comprenant au moins une coque (12), au moins un safran (14) et au moins un fémelot (20, 22 ; 110) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, l'au moins un fémelot (20, 22 ; 110) reliant une de l'au moins une coque (12) et un de l'au moins un safran (14), la base (112) étant fixée à la coque (12) correspondante, l'arbre (114) étant solidaire du safran (14) correspondant.Boat (10) comprising at least one hull (12), at least one rudder (14) and at least one gudgeon (20, 22; 110) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the at least one gudgeon ( 20, 22; 110) connecting one of the at least one hull (12) and one of the at least one rudder (14), the base (112) being fixed to the corresponding hull (12), the shaft ( 114) being integral with the corresponding rudder (14). Bateau selon la revendication 10, comprenant une pluralité de safrans (14) et au moins un fémelot supérieur et un fémelot inférieur par safran (14), le fémelot supérieur (20) et le fémelot inférieur (22) reliant le safran (14) correspondant à une coque (12) correspondante, les fémelots supérieurs étant synchronisés entre eux.Boat according to claim 10, comprising a plurality of rudders (14) and at least one upper gudgeon and one lower gudgeon per rudder (14), the upper gudgeon (20) and the lower gudgeon (22) connecting the corresponding rudder (14) to a corresponding hull (12), the upper gudgeons being synchronized with each other.
EP23158285.9A 2022-02-24 2023-02-23 Femelot with sliding shaft and associated boat Pending EP4234391A1 (en)

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FR2201648A FR3132898B1 (en) 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Sliding shaft femelot and associated boat

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5231494A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-03-09 Knoos Stellan P Steering gear of ship that use hydraulic power servoomechanism

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5231494A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-03-09 Knoos Stellan P Steering gear of ship that use hydraulic power servoomechanism

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "The new DNA F1x A-class catamaran is unveiled! | International A-Division Catamaran Association", 30 March 2018 (2018-03-30), pages 1 - 13, XP093032283, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.a-cat.org/node/1204> [retrieved on 20230316] *

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