EP4229491A1 - Fehleranalyse eines sensors - Google Patents
Fehleranalyse eines sensorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4229491A1 EP4229491A1 EP21786851.2A EP21786851A EP4229491A1 EP 4229491 A1 EP4229491 A1 EP 4229491A1 EP 21786851 A EP21786851 A EP 21786851A EP 4229491 A1 EP4229491 A1 EP 4229491A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- edge
- signal
- assigned
- category
- sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/282—Testing of electronic circuits specially adapted for particular applications not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2829—Testing of circuits in sensor or actuator systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D2218/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of testing or calibration
- G01D2218/10—Testing of sensors or measuring arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for error analysis of a sensor with regard to unstable errors, with the sensor outputting an analog sensor signal as a function of a measured variable.
- the invention also relates to a diagnostic device for a sensor and a motor vehicle with a corresponding diagnostic device.
- Errors in analog sensors or in connection lines of analog sensors have an impact on the accuracy and reliability of those functions and devices that continue to use the analog sensor output signal. This applies, for example, in the context of automotive applications, where various analog sensors, such as pressure sensors, temperature sensors, acceleration sensors, and so on, are used. Pressure and temperature sensors can be used for motor control, for example. In particular, an engine control unit can control the engine torque as a function of measured pressure or temperature values. In this specific example, erroneous output signals from the analog sensors have a direct impact on the performance or reliability of the motor vehicle. This applies analogously to other applications.
- the document WO 2020/058001 A1 describes a method and a device for diagnosing a lambda probe.
- a diagnostic DC voltage or a diagnostic AC voltage is fed into the lambda probe, which drops across a Nernst cell of the lambda probe.
- this method is designed specifically for diagnosing a lambda probe and cannot be transferred to any analog sensors.
- the diagnostic principle of feeding in a diagnostic voltage and analyzing the corresponding response is not suitable for unstable errors.
- the improved concept is based on the idea of analyzing an analog sensor signal with regard to two consecutive edges.
- the edges are each assigned to one of two or more predefined edge categories, and an error type is determined depending on this.
- a method for error analysis of a sensor in particular an analog sensor, with regard to unstable errors is specified, the sensor outputting a time-dependent analog sensor signal depending on a measured variable, in particular depending on a value of a measured variable.
- a gradient signal is generated as a function of the sensor signal, in particular by means of a differentiator.
- An edge category of at least two predetermined edge categories is assigned to a first edge of the sensor signal based on the gradient signal by means of an evaluation unit.
- a second edge of the sensor signal is assigned an edge category of the at least two edge categories based on the gradient signal, with the second edge following the first edge.
- An error type is determined by means of the evaluation unit depending on the edge category that was assigned to the first edge and depending on the edge category that was assigned to the second edge.
- a sensor that outputs an analog sensor signal depending on the value of the measured variable i.e. in which an amplitude or an absolute value of the sensor signal changes continuously or essentially continuously with the value of the measured variable
- the analog sensor can, for example, also be part of a sensor arrangement that contains an analog-to-digital converter.
- the analog-to-digital converter can convert the analog sensor signal into a digitized sensor signal. According to the improved concept, however, in particular the analog, non-digitized sensor signal is used as described.
- An unstable error can be understood here and below as an error that is not continuously or permanently present and/or the effects of which, in particular on the sensor signal, cannot be measured continuously or permanently, or the effects of which, in particular on the sensor signal, are variable over time .
- the unstable error can in particular also be viewed and referred to as an intermittent error.
- the sensor signal corresponds in particular to a current or a voltage that can be measured at a measuring connection to which the evaluation unit and possibly the differentiator are connected directly or indirectly.
- the measuring connection is in particular connected directly or indirectly to a signal output of the sensor, for example by cable.
- the absolute value or the amplitude of the sensor signal corresponds to the value of a physical measured variable. Depending on the embodiment of the sensor, this can involve different measured variables, such as a pressure, a temperature, an acceleration and so on.
- further electronic components for example signal filters or the like, can also be arranged between the sensor output and the measuring connection.
- the sensor signal then corresponds, for example, to the filtered output signal of the sensor.
- the signal measured at the measurement connection does not necessarily correspond to the signal present at the sensor output.
- the signal measured at the measuring connection which can also be regarded as an apparent sensor signal, is nevertheless referred to here and below as a sensor signal.
- the gradient signal can be understood in particular as a time-dependent signal that corresponds or approximately corresponds to the time derivative of the sensor signal.
- the gradient signal can be determined, for example, by means of a differentiator, in particular by means of an analog differentiator circuit, by means of a digital evaluation circuit or some other computing unit.
- the evaluation unit can contain, for example, an electronic control unit, in particular for a motor vehicle, a microcontroller or another computing unit or processor unit and/or other analog and/or digital circuits.
- the motor vehicle can have an electronic control unit, for example, which receives the sensor signal for carrying out one or more vehicle functions, for example engine control.
- the evaluation unit and/or the unit that generates the gradient signal can be part of this electronic control unit or be designed separately from it.
- an edge can be understood in particular as a signal edge of an analog signal, in particular of the analog sensor signal.
- An analog signal can have an edge in particular if the amplitude of the signal or the magnitude of the amplitude of the signal changes by a predefined minimum value or more within a predefined period of time, in particular changes monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing.
- the predefined period of time or the minimum value or their relationship to one another must be defined according to the specific application situation and in particular according to the design of the sensor and the value range of the sensor signal.
- the sensor signal can, for example, assume values in a range from 0 to a few volts, for example up to 5 V or 10 V. With such a sensor, for example, there can be talk of an edge if the amount of the Sensor signal changed by a few volts within a few 10 ms or a few 100 ms. This numerical example serves only to clarify the concept of flank and is in no way to be understood as limiting.
- the second edge follows the first edge can be understood in particular in such a way that there is no further edge of the sensor signal between the first edge and the second edge. However, this does not necessarily imply that the second edge immediately follows the first edge. Rather, the amplitude or the absolute value of the sensor signal between the edges can be more or less constant or change, without the condition for an edge being met.
- the error type which is determined as a function of the edge category of the first edge and the edge category of the second edge, is in particular one of two or more predefined error types.
- the two or more error modes may include an error mode corresponding to an open circuit of the signal output of the sensor.
- the open circuit can be understood to mean a state in which the electrical connection of the measuring connection to the signal output is interrupted, i.e. it is not connected to a certain extent (“floating”). This condition can also be referred to as "open circuit”.
- the two or more types of faults may also include one or more types of faults, each corresponding to a short circuit of the signal output. Depending on the embodiment, different types of faults can be provided for short circuits with different reference points or reference potentials, or a common type of fault can be provided for short circuits with a number of reference points or reference potentials.
- the improved concept therefore analyzes the two successive edges using the gradient signal, that is to say with regard to how strongly the respective edge rises or falls, in order to define the respective edge categories.
- the type of error is then determined based on the two edge categories, for example on the sequence of different edge categories on top of each other.
- the improved concept is particularly suitable for identifying and characterizing unstable faults, such as intermittent short circuits or open circuits or other periodic contact breakage or loose contacts.
- the method is only based on the evaluation of the sensor signal generated and used for the respective task in any case, additional specific Analysis signals are generated and the signal response of the sensor system are evaluated on this.
- the method according to the improved concept can be used universally without fundamental changes for a large number of analog sensors or for any analog sensors. For this purpose, only parameters, limit values and the like may have to be adjusted.
- the first edge is assigned the edge category based on the gradient signal during a first time period
- the second edge is assigned the corresponding edge category based on the gradient signal during a second time period.
- the first time period corresponds to a time period of the first edge
- the second time period corresponds to a time period of the second edge, that is to say a respective time period at which the respective edge occurs in the sensor signal.
- determining the type of error includes generating an output signal which encodes the type of error depending on the edge category assigned to the first edge and on the edge category assigned to the second edge.
- determining the type of error can include storing the information that an error of the respective type of error has occurred. This can be done, for example, using one or more corresponding counters or using other storage methods.
- determining the type of error may include integrating the gradient signal. The integration can be done separately for different types of errors or for all types of errors together. By storing, integrating and/or generating the output signal, the sensor can be diagnosed with regard to unstable errors, for example even over a longer period of time.
- the at least two edge categories include a first edge category and a second edge category.
- the first and the second edge category can each correspond to the presence of an error, ie not occurring in an error-free state of the sensor or the connection of the signal output to the measuring connection.
- the at least two edge categories contain a third edge category and/or a fourth edge category.
- the third and/or the fourth edge category can each correspond to the presence of an error.
- the first edge is only assigned to the first edge category of the at least two edge categories if the gradient signal exceeds a positive first gradient limit value during the first edge.
- the second edge is only assigned to the first edge category if the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the second edge.
- the phrases “during the first edge” or “during the second edge” can be understood in such a way that they indicate a process during a corresponding period of time, which corresponds to the respective edge, during which the edge is therefore present in the sensor signal.
- the fact that the gradient signal exceeds a gradient limit value can be understood in particular in such a way that the gradient signal is initially less than or equal to the gradient limit value and then assumes a value that is greater than the gradient limit value.
- the fact that the gradient signal falls below a gradient limit value can be understood in particular in such a way that the gradient signal is initially greater than or equal to the gradient limit value and then assumes a value that is smaller than the gradient limit value.
- Exceeding or falling below a signal limit value by the sensor signal can also be understood analogously.
- the first edge category is present when the edge corresponds to a rising edge of the sensor signal and the rise at least temporarily has a steepness that exceeds a steepness defined by the first gradient limit value.
- Such an edge can also be referred to as a step increase in the sensor signal.
- a value range for the amplitude of the sensor signal can be defined and limited in particular by a first reference potential and a second reference potential.
- the first reference potential can also be referred to as the upper reference potential and the second reference potential as the lower reference potential, with the lower reference potential being lower than the upper reference potential.
- the first reference potential can be a positive electrical potential and the second reference potential can be negative Be reference potential or a zero potential or ground potential.
- the upper reference potential can also correspond to zero potential or ground potential and the lower reference potential can be correspondingly negative.
- the first edge category ie the sudden increase in the sensor signal, occurs in particular when the signal output of the sensor is short-circuited to the upper reference potential.
- the first edge category occurs, for example, when a short circuit of the signal output to the lower reference potential is removed.
- statements can be made about categorizing or determining the type of error.
- the first edge is only assigned to a second edge category of the at least two edge categories if the gradient signal falls below a negative second gradient limit value during the first edge.
- the second edge is only assigned to the second edge category if the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the second edge.
- the second edge category thus corresponds in particular to a falling edge of the sensor signal, with the drop at least temporarily having a steepness, in particular a negative steepness, the absolute value of which is greater than that of the slope defined by the second gradient limit value.
- Such an edge can also be referred to as a sudden drop in the sensor signal, for example.
- Such a sudden drop in the sensor signal occurs, for example, when the signal output is shorted to the upper reference potential or when the signal output is shorted to the lower reference potential.
- a sudden drop in the sensor signal can also occur when the open circuit of the signal output is terminated or removed.
- a more specific determination of the type of error can therefore be made on the basis of the second edge category, in particular in combination with the first edge category.
- the first edge is only assigned to the first edge category if the sensor signal exceeds a first signal limit value during the first edge and/or the second edge is only assigned to the first edge category if the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the second edge exceeds.
- the first edge is only assigned to the second edge category if the sensor signal falls below a second signal limit value during the first edge, and/or the second edge is only assigned to the second edge category if the sensor signal falls below the second edge during the second edge below signal limit.
- the absolute value of the first signal limit value is greater than the absolute value of the second signal limit value.
- a further condition is provided in addition to the gradient signal exceeding the first gradient limit value or falling below the second gradient limit value in order to assign the edge to the first or second edge category. In such embodiments, it is therefore not sufficient if the edge rises or falls steeply enough, rather it is also relevant whether the respective edge also exceeds or falls below a corresponding value of the sensor signal itself.
- this makes it possible to distinguish actual faults, such as short circuits or open circuits, from other reasons that can lead to a rapid rise or fall in the sensor signal.
- This can be caused, for example, by a value of the underlying physical measurement variable that changes very quickly without there being an error.
- error-free changes in the physical measurement variable with a high rate of change, ie a steep increase or decrease in the sensor signal usually take place within certain limits that are smaller than the entire possible value range for the sensor signal.
- Adapted selection of the first and/or second signal limit value can thus be used to reliably distinguish between errors and other reasons for the change in the sensor signal. In other words, the risk of false positive error determinations can be reduced.
- the first edge is assigned to the first edge category precisely when the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the first edge and the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the first edge.
- the second edge is assigned to the first edge category precisely when the gradient signal exceeds the first gradient limit value during the second edge and the sensor signal exceeds the first signal limit value during the second edge.
- the first edge is assigned to the second edge category precisely when the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the first edge and the sensor signal falls below the second signal limit value during the first edge.
- the second edge is assigned to the second edge category precisely when the gradient signal falls below the second gradient limit value during the second edge and the sensor signal falls below the second signal limit value during the second edge.
- the type of error is determined as an intermittent short circuit of the signal output of the sensor with a first reference potential connection when, in particular exactly when, the first edge has been assigned to the first edge category and the second edge has been assigned to the second edge category, with the first reference potential connection in particular is at the first reference potential.
- the sensor signal assumes a value that is close to the first reference potential within a short time. If the short circuit then again remedied, the sensor signal assumes the original value or another value that actually corresponds at least approximately to the physical measured variable, so that the edge sequence described is established.
- the error type is determined as an intermittent short circuit of the signal output with a second reference potential connection when the first edge has been assigned to the second edge category and the second edge has been assigned to the first edge category, with the first reference potential connection and the second reference potential connection being at different electrical reference potentials .
- the second reference potential connection is at the second reference potential.
- the sensor signal assumes a value that is close to the second reference potential within a short time. If the short circuit is then corrected again, the sensor signal assumes the original value or another value that actually corresponds at least approximately to the physical measured variable, so that the edge sequence described is established.
- the first edge is only assigned to a third edge category of the at least two edge categories if the gradient signal during the first edge exceeds a positive third gradient limit value and does not exceed the first gradient limit value.
- the third gradient limit value is in particular smaller than the first gradient limit value.
- the improved concept can be used between jump climbs of the sensor signal and other error-relevant signatures of the sensor signal. This allows a more specific determination of the type of error to be implemented.
- an edge of the third edge category can occur when an open circuit of the signal output is generated.
- the signal output measured as a sensor signal can be charged from the first reference potential, for example via provided or parasitic ohmic resistances and/or capacitances, resulting in a signal rise that is delayed compared to the jump rise in the sensor signal described.
- the improved concept can be used to reliably differentiate between a short circuit of the signal output to the first reference potential and an open circuit of the signal output.
- the error type is determined as an intermittent open circuit of the signal output if the first edge has been assigned to the third edge category and the second edge has been assigned to the second edge category.
- the first edge is only assigned to the third edge category of the at least three edge categories if the gradient signal during the first edge falls below a negative fourth gradient limit value and does not fall below the second gradient limit value.
- the error type is determined as the signal output being switched open if the first edge has been assigned to the third edge category and the second edge has been assigned to the first edge category.
- a value of a first counter is increased by a predetermined increment if the type of error was determined as the intermittent short circuit with the first reference potential terminal.
- the first counter can be decreased by a corresponding decrement.
- a value of a second counter is increased by a predetermined increment when the fault type is other than the intermittent short circuit the second reference potential connection was determined.
- the second counter can be decreased by a corresponding decrement.
- a value of a third counter is incremented by a predetermined increment when the fault type has been determined to be the intermittent open circuit.
- the third counter can be decreased by a corresponding decrement.
- a warning signal is generated, in particular by means of the evaluation unit, if the value of the first counter is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and/or if the value of the second counter is greater than or equal to a second threshold value and/or if the value of the third counter is greater than or equal to a third threshold.
- a particularly simple diagnosis is made possible by counting and possibly generating the warning signal. Due to the fact that the warning is not already generated when an intermittent error is detected once, the robustness and the availability of the system are improved in that non-critical or self-healing errors do not lead to a warning.
- At least one diagnostic signal is generated, in particular by means of an integrator, as a function of a height of the first edge and/or a height of the second edge.
- the level can be determined in particular by integrating the gradient signal during the first or the second edge.
- the diagnosis signal can correspond to the integrated gradient signal.
- the at least one diagnostic signal can be generated depending on the specific type of error.
- the integration can take place separately for each of the error types, so that a more specific diagnosis is made possible.
- a diagnostic device for error analysis of a sensor with regard to unstable errors is also specified, the sensor being set up to output an analog sensor signal, in particular a time-dependent one, depending on a measured variable, ie in particular being designed as an analog sensor.
- the diagnostic device has a differentiator which is set up to generate a gradient signal depending on the sensor signal.
- the diagnostic device has an evaluation unit which is set up to assign a first edge of the sensor signal based on the gradient signal to an edge category of at least two predefined edge categories.
- the evaluation unit is set up to assign an edge category of the at least second edge categories to a second edge of the sensor signal, which follows the first edge, based on the gradient signal.
- the evaluation unit is set up to determine an error type depending on the edge category assigned to the first edge and the edge category assigned to the second edge.
- the sensor is not part of the diagnostic device.
- the diagnostic device can, for example, have a connection for connecting the sensor, in particular in order to connect the signal output of the sensor to the diagnostic device.
- the diagnostic device has an integrator which is set up to generate a diagnostic signal by integrating the gradient signal during the first edge and/or during the second edge, in particular depending on the specific type of error.
- a diagnostic device according to the improved concept can be set up or programmed to carry out a method according to the improved concept or it carries out such a method.
- a sensor device is also specified.
- the sensor device has an analog sensor and a diagnostic device according to the improved concept, with the analog sensor being coupled or connected to the diagnostic device, with the connection being able to be configured directly or indirectly via one or more other components of the sensor device.
- the sensor is designed as a pressure sensor, for example as an intake manifold pressure sensor for a motor vehicle, or as a temperature sensor, for example as an intake air temperature sensor for a motor vehicle.
- the sensor device or the diagnostic device contains a low-pass filter, for example an RC element.
- the low-pass filter is set up to generate a filtered sensor signal as a function of the sensor signal.
- the low-pass filter can be arranged, for example, between the analog sensor and the diagnostic device.
- a motor vehicle with a diagnostic device and/or a sensor device according to the improved concept is also specified.
- the motor vehicle has an engine control unit, and the engine control unit contains the diagnostic device or the evaluation unit of the diagnostic device.
- the invention also includes the combinations of features of the described embodiments.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a diagnostic device and a sensor device according to the improved concept
- FIG. 2A shows a schematic representation of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a first type of error is present
- FIG. 2B shows a schematic signal diagram relating to the first type of error in FIG. 2A
- FIG. 3A shows a schematic representation of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a second type of error is present
- FIG. 3B shows a schematic signal diagram relating to the second type of error in FIG. 3A;
- FIG. 4A shows a schematic illustration of the diagnostic device and the sensor device of FIG. 1 when a third type of error is present
- FIG. 4B schematic signal diagrams relating to the third type of error in FIG. 4A.
- the exemplary embodiments explained below are preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention.
- the described components each represent individual features of the invention that are to be considered independently of one another, which also develop the invention independently of one another and are therefore also to be regarded as part of the invention individually or in a combination other than that shown.
- the exemplary embodiments described can also be supplemented by further features of the invention already described.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of a sensor device 11 according to the improved concept, which contains a diagnostic device 1 according to the improved concept and an analog sensor 2 .
- the sensor 2 has a signal output 2', at which it can output an analog output signal S', in particular a sensor voltage.
- the diagnostic device 1 has a sensor connection 4 which is connected to the signal output 2' by one or more electrical lines 3 in order to receive the output signal S'.
- FIG. 1 also shows a low-pass filter 8, which is shown schematically as an RC element with a resistor 8a and a capacitor 8b.
- the capacitor 8b is connected with one connection to the second reference potential connection 10' and with another connection to a connection of the resistor 8a.
- the further connection of the resistor 8a is coupled to the first reference potential connection 10, in particular via a pull-up resistor 9.
- the output signal S′ can also be viewed as a sensor signal S.
- the low-pass filter 8 and/or the pull-up resistor 9 can be part of a control unit for a motor vehicle, for example. It is noted that others Embodiments of the low-pass filter 8 can be provided.
- the sensor 2 When the sensor 2 is operating correctly, it supplies the output signal S' via the signal connection 4 to the low-pass filter 8, which generates the sensor signal S accordingly.
- the diagnostic device 1 has a differentiator 5 which is connected to the sensor connection 4 in order to receive the sensor signal S.
- the differentiator 5 is set up to differentiate the sensor signal S and thereby to generate a gradient signal G.
- the diagnostic device 1 also has an evaluation unit 6 which is connected to the sensor connection 4 in order to receive the sensor signal S and to an output of the differentiator 5 in order to receive the gradient signal G.
- the diagnostic device 1 can contain one or more integrators 7, which are connected to the output of the differentiator 5 to obtain the gradient signal G and can be controlled by the evaluation unit 6, for example.
- the first reference potential connection 10 which is at a first electrical potential which is positive, for example.
- the first reference potential connection 10 can correspond to an output potential of a voltage source, for example.
- a second reference potential connection 10' is also shown, which is at a second electrical potential, for example at a ground potential.
- the functioning of the diagnostic device 1 or the sensor device 11 is explained in more detail below on the basis of various error scenarios with reference to FIGS. 2A to 4B.
- FIG. 2A shows the sensor device 11, with an intermittent short circuit between the signal output 2' of the sensor 2 and the first reference potential connection 10 being indicated by a dashed connecting line.
- a current flows from the first reference potential connection 10 via the sensor connection 4 into the low-pass filter 8.
- the sensor signal S and the associated gradient signal G are shown schematically as a function of time.
- T 1 the described short circuit with the first reference potential connection 10 is established, as shown in FIG. 2A.
- the short circuit is removed again, so that the sensor signal has an approximately equally strong drop shows that the gradient signal G thus assumes a corresponding negative value with a high maximum amount.
- the duration of the sudden rise or the sudden drop can be of the order of a few milliseconds, for example less than 5 ms.
- the maximum or minimum values of the gradient signal G can assume magnitudes in the range of several hundred or thousand V/s.
- the evaluation unit 6 compares, for example, the gradient signal G with a first gradient limit value GG1, which is positive in the present example, and a second gradient limit value GG2, which is negative in the present example.
- the jump in the sensor signal S is so steep that the first gradient limit value GG1 is exceeded by the gradient signal G, and the jump drop is also so steep that the second gradient limit value GG2 is undershot by the gradient signal G.
- the evaluation unit 6 can also compare the value of the sensor signal S with a first signal limit value SG1. This is also exceeded by the sensor signal S during the step increase.
- the evaluation unit 6 can therefore determine a corresponding type of error.
- the evaluation unit 6 can control the integrator 7 in order to partially integrate the gradient signal G, for example during one of the respective edges, in order to generate a diagnosis signal D. If further events as described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B take place, the diagnosis signal D rises accordingly and can be evaluated for fault diagnosis.
- FIG. 3A shows the sensor device 11 corresponding to an intermittent short circuit of the signal output 2' to the second reference potential connection 10'.
- the associated signal diagram is shown in FIG. 3B.
- the short circuit is established at time T3, which is associated with a sudden drop in the Sensor signal S is accompanied, in which the gradient signal G falls below the second gradient limit value GG2 and the sensor signal S falls below a second signal limit value SG2, which is close to the second reference potential.
- the short-circuit is removed again, which leads to a corresponding jump in the sensor signal S with a corresponding exceeding of the first gradient limit value GG1 by the gradient signal G.
- FIG. 4A shows the sensor device 11 schematically when there is an intermittent open circuit of the signal output 2', as indicated by two parallel dashed lines between the signal output 2' and the sensor connection 4. Two corresponding signal diagrams are shown in FIG. 4B.
- FIG. 4B shows a situation which at first glance resembles that of FIG. 2B.
- the increase in the signal of the sensor signal S around the point in time T5 is less steep than the sudden increase in the sensor signal S around the point in time T1 in FIG. 2B.
- the capacitor 8b of the low-pass filter 8 takes place with a delay due to the coupling to the first reference potential connection 10 via the resistor 8a and the pull-up resistor 9.
- the first gradient limit value GG1 is not reached by the gradient signal G during the first flank.
- a third gradient limit value GG3 is exceeded by the gradient signal G during the first edge.
- the drop in the sensor signal S at time T6 corresponds to the drop at time T2 in FIG. 2B.
- This profile can be distinguished from the situation in FIGS. 2A and 2B by analyzing the gradient signal G using the evaluation unit 6, since the value of the gradient signal G during the first edge is smaller than in the case of the short circuit in FIG. 2A. Accordingly, the evaluation unit 6 can identify the open circuit of the signal output 2' as the type of error.
- FIG. 4B three consecutive cycles of an open circuit are shown schematically, in which the open circuit is respectively established and ended again.
- the presence of intermittent errors in analog sensors can therefore be reliably determined on the basis of the improved concept and different faults can be reliably distinguished from each other.
- so-called jittery signals which are recorded as repeated rising and falling of the sensor signal, can be effectively monitored in this way.
- regulatory requirements for monitoring such signals in motor vehicles can be met.
- the improved concept makes it possible in particular to identify open circuits or "open circuit” situations. This can be caused by lifting and repositioning the contact of the sensor signal line. When the contact is broken, the sensor signal increases continuously up to a maximum voltage value. If the signal line is contacted again, the value of the sensor signal jumps back abruptly to the value corresponding to the physical measured variable.
- short circuits of the signal output of the sensor to a reference potential connection for example to a battery connection or a ground connection, can be identified. According to the improved concept, these can be identified by a sudden increase followed by a sudden drop in the sensor signal or vice versa.
- the improved concept can also be applied to other analog electronic components with an analog output signal that are not sensors.
- the analog electronic component can be configured as a control unit, for example.
- the sensor signal is then to be replaced by the analog output signal of the analog electronic component.
- T1 T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 time points
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020213119.8A DE102020213119A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Fehleranalyse eines Sensors |
| PCT/EP2021/077046 WO2022083998A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-01 | Fehleranalyse eines sensors |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4229491A1 true EP4229491A1 (de) | 2023-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21786851.2A Pending EP4229491A1 (de) | 2020-10-19 | 2021-10-01 | Fehleranalyse eines sensors |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12560462B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4229491A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116324436A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020213119A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022083998A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH073465B2 (ja) | 1986-09-12 | 1995-01-18 | オムロン株式会社 | スイツチ機構 |
| DE19531402C2 (de) | 1995-08-26 | 1999-04-01 | Mannesmann Sachs Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beeinflussen von Schwingungen in einem Fahrgastraum eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erkennen von Defekten an einem Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102006037851A1 (de) | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Sensorüberwachung eines Insassenschutzsystems sowie Insassenschutzsystem und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Insassenschutzsystem |
| DE102014116484B4 (de) * | 2014-11-12 | 2019-02-14 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Signalverarbeitungssystem und Sensorsystem zum Bestimmen von Informationen über eine Bewegung eines Objekts |
| EP3354888B1 (de) * | 2015-10-13 | 2020-01-15 | Denso Corporation | Nockenwinkelsensorfehlerdiagnosevorrichtung für fahrzeuge vom aufsitztyp, motorsystem und fahrzeug vom aufsitztyp |
| WO2017207029A1 (de) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Störlichtbogenerkennungseinheit |
| JP6838212B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-15 | 2021-03-03 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 電子制御装置 |
| CN108398613A (zh) | 2018-03-02 | 2018-08-14 | 蔚来汽车有限公司 | 电池与车身连接状态的检测方法及装置、控制器和介质 |
| DE102018215887A1 (de) | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-19 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Diagnostizieren eines Abgassensors |
| CN119128817B (zh) * | 2024-11-15 | 2025-03-11 | 天津金色方圆仪器仪表有限公司 | 拉线式位移传感器误差分析方法及系统 |
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2020
- 2020-10-19 DE DE102020213119.8A patent/DE102020213119A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-10-01 US US18/249,405 patent/US12560462B2/en active Active
- 2021-10-01 CN CN202180071165.6A patent/CN116324436A/zh active Pending
- 2021-10-01 EP EP21786851.2A patent/EP4229491A1/de active Pending
- 2021-10-01 WO PCT/EP2021/077046 patent/WO2022083998A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116324436A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
| US12560462B2 (en) | 2026-02-24 |
| WO2022083998A1 (de) | 2022-04-28 |
| US20230384130A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
| DE102020213119A1 (de) | 2022-04-21 |
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