EP4219812A1 - Shedding mechanism for a circular loom and circular loom equipped therewith - Google Patents
Shedding mechanism for a circular loom and circular loom equipped therewith Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4219812A1 EP4219812A1 EP22154152.7A EP22154152A EP4219812A1 EP 4219812 A1 EP4219812 A1 EP 4219812A1 EP 22154152 A EP22154152 A EP 22154152A EP 4219812 A1 EP4219812 A1 EP 4219812A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- shed
- warp
- forming device
- crank
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D37/00—Circular looms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
- D03C5/00—Cam or other direct-acting shedding mechanisms, i.e. operating heald frames without intervening power-supplying devices
- D03C5/02—Cam or other direct-acting shedding mechanisms, i.e. operating heald frames without intervening power-supplying devices operated by rotating cams
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shed forming device of a circular loom, according to the preamble of claim 1, and a circular loom equipped therewith.
- Circular weaving machines for producing fabrics are generally known from the prior art, which have a circular reed which is arranged coaxially to a main shaft of the circular weaving machine.
- the main shaft forms a main axis of the circular loom.
- warp ribbon guide elements Arranged around the circular reed are warp ribbon guide elements, which are designed to feed a large number of warp ribbons to the circular weaving machine.
- Shed forming devices group the supplied warp bands into two warp bands and give them mutually opposite alternating movements, whereby a shed is opened and closed between the two warp bands.
- a shuttle moves on an orbit in the open shed and thereby inserts a weft ribbon into the shed, as a result of which a fabric is formed.
- several shuttles run around at the same time in a respective shed in the circular reed. The fabric is drawn off through a weaving ring.
- the Austrian patent AT 385 060 describes a shaft drive designed as a crank mechanism for a circular weaving machine, in which the inner and outer partial shafts are arranged in a circle in two rows around the main shaft of the machine.
- the partial shafts have eyelets for guiding warp ribbons.
- One inner and one outer partial shaft each form a pair of partial shafts driven by a crank drive arrangement, with the crank drive arrangement imparting a lifting movement in opposite directions to the inner and outer partial shaft to form a shed.
- a stepped weaving shed is created, also referred to below as a stepped shed.
- the shedding drive is usually implemented with cams and control levers.
- several shed-forming devices located next to one another are usually combined into groups, which are articulated simultaneously by one or two control levers become.
- This creates a stepped shed which has the disadvantage that it is shortened in the end areas and, seen over the entire length, offers little space for the shuttle due to the smaller usable space.
- a dead space between two successive sheds is increased by the stepped shape, which means that a smaller number of shuttles can run around the circular reed at the same time in such circular looms.
- a small number of shuttles leads to a reduction in the production speed of the circular loom, thereby reducing the output of the circular loom.
- the European patent application EP 3431643 A1 describes a shed forming device, by means of which the warp thread lifting means are set simultaneously in a lifting and a pivoting movement when the shed is opened, the pivoting movement taking place about an axis which is arranged radially to the main axis of the circular loom.
- the sliding blocks of the cam are subject to considerable sliding friction, which represents a load limit for the circular loom at higher speeds.
- the efficiency of a circular loom is essentially characterized by its production speed, the quality of the fabric formed and its energy consumption.
- the upper limit of the production speed is determined by the maximum speed of the shed formation, or that of the shed change between the open and closed state of the shed, at which the shuttle can move in the traveling shed without colliding with the warp bands delimiting the shed.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a shed forming device for forming a lenticular shed that offers more space for the shuttle compared to a stepped shed, and at the same time overcomes the disadvantages of a solution with additional pivoting elements in order to increase the production speed or the overall diameter of the circular loom.
- the lens-shaped cross-section of the shed/sheds allows the number of shuttles running around the reed at the same time to be maximized, or the distance between the shuttles and the warp tapes at the ends of the shed/sheds can be increased with the same number of shuttles , which reduces the risk of the weaving shuttle colliding with the warp bands and avoiding the warp bands tearing as a result.
- the rolling friction between the control cam and eccentric roller causes comparatively high energy consumption.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing a more energy-saving circular weaving machine.
- the present invention solves the stated objects by providing a shed forming device of a circular loom having the features of claim 1 and a circular loom having the features of claim 20.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.
- the shed forming device has warp-bearing elements for guiding warp bands in two warp sheets, the warp-bearing elements imparting opposite alternating movements to the two warp sheets to form a shed.
- the shed-forming device has a crank drive with a crank element, in particular a crankshaft or crank disk, and at least one connecting rod connected to the crank element.
- the connecting rod comprises a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam, with a first connecting rod bearing being formed in the longitudinal beam, which is articulated on the crank element and the elements carrying warp ribbons are articulated on the transverse beam of the connecting rod, the connecting rod having a second connecting rod bearing which can be rotated and linearly displaced on a linear guide is guided.
- the linear guide preferably has a guide carriage and a guide rod guiding the guide carriage, the second connecting rod bearing being articulated on the guide carriage.
- the guide carriage sets the second connecting rod bearing in a lifting motion along the guide rod.
- the guide carriage can, for example, be guided along the guide rod either with roller bearings or aerostatically or magnetically.
- the second connecting rod bearing In order to minimize sideways movements of the elements carrying the warp ribbons arranged on the crossbeam, it is expedient for the second connecting rod bearing to be positioned in the middle of the crossbeam of the connecting rod.
- the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam of the connecting rod are at such an angle to one another that when the first connecting rod bearing is at a top or bottom dead center, the transverse beam of the connecting rod is horizontal.
- connecting rods having a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam are provided on the shed-forming device according to the invention, sideways movements of the elements carrying warp bands arranged on the transverse beam can be minimized. These sideways movements result from the circular movement of the crossbar when the connecting rod pivots and are greater the further away the elements carrying warp strips are from the second connecting rod bearing. If several connecting rods are provided, the crossbeams can be made correspondingly shorter, which reduces the sideways movements mentioned.
- the connecting rods are fastened with their first connecting rod bearings to a common articulation point, in particular a common crank pin, of the crank element, with each of the connecting rods being guided in its own linear guide at its second connecting rod bearing.
- At least one main connecting rod with a longitudinal bar and a transverse bar and a secondary connecting rod with a longitudinal bar and a transverse bar are provided, the main connecting rod being articulated with its first connecting rod bearing on the crank element, the longitudinal bar of the secondary connecting rod being attached to the longitudinal bar of the main connecting rod and the The main connecting rod and the secondary connecting rod are guided on their second connecting rod bearings, each in their own linear guide.
- the elements carrying the warp bands are provided as eyelet bands looping around the deflection rollers or cords with warp band eyes formed in sections on both sides of the deflection rollers.
- the shed-forming device according to the invention can be produced more easily and with fewer individual parts than conventional shed-forming devices, although an approximately lens-shaped shed formation is possible if the elements carrying the warp bands are looped around the deflection rollers as eyelets or cords with a first group of at least two warp-band eyes arranged next to one another and one second group of at least two juxtaposed warp eyes, the two groups of warp eyes being formed on sections of the eyelet tape or the cord on both sides of the deflection rollers.
- the elements of a group that carry warp ribbons are each articulated together.
- the warp-tape-carrying elements comprise machine tapes looping around the deflection rollers, into which heddles with hooks are hung at their ends, the heddles having warp-tape eyes.
- the warp bands of the two warp bands can pass side by side when being fed to the shed without touching one another.
- a simple fastening of the elements carrying the warp ribbons results when these elements are twisted and attached to the crossbar of the connecting rod, preferably clamped.
- the connecting rod is not at half stroke height when its first connecting rod bearing is in the 9 o'clock or 3 o'clock position during operation of the crank drive, but is offset by a stroke error compared to half stroke height.
- This causes alternately different distances at which the sheds are closed, also referred to as "closed shed".
- the sheds are alternately longer and shorter. Therefore, if you want to use shuttles of the same length, you have to use the shorter sheds as a guide when selecting a shuttle length. Alternatively, one could alternately use longer and shorter shuttles. However, both measures do not achieve optimal results.
- the invention therefore provides measures to form all sheds of the same length or to keep the closed states of all sheds at the same distances.
- the shed-forming device with compensation means for compensating for system-related stroke errors of the connecting rods or elements carrying warp ribbons connected to the connecting rods.
- the compensation means are designed as a gear mechanism with elliptical gears, preferably elliptical spur gears or bevel gears, which is connected upstream of the crank drive and drives the crank drive.
- Gear drives with elliptical gears, such as spur or bevel gears have a periodically changing transmission ratio and thus, in combination with the crank drive, give the elements carrying the warp ribbons a uniform, almost sinusoidal lifting movement.
- the elliptical gear mechanism consists of gears whose pitch curves are ellipses.
- the fulcrums of the gears lie in one of the foci of the ellipse, which have the linear eccentricity with respect to their centers of the ellipse.
- the magnitude of the eccentricity determines the gear ratio variation and is dependent on the crank ratio.
- the compensation means are designed as an individual electric drive that drives the crank drive and carries out compensating movements. These individual drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the required movement profile by means of a compensating movement.
- the compensation means are designed as a separate drive train of the crank drive, the separate drive train having a drive shaft with a driver and a crankshaft with a driver stone, the axes of rotation of the drive shaft and the crankshaft being offset from one another by a correction distance.
- the essential feature of this embodiment is that the axes of rotation of the drive shaft and the driven crankshaft have a parallel offset to one another and are positively connected only via a driver element.
- the compensation means are designed as a cardan shaft which is connected upstream of the crank drive and drives the crank drive, with a deflection angle of the cardan shaft being adjusted in such a way that the resulting cardan error compensates for the stroke error.
- the invention also includes a circular loom with a circular reed and with warp ribbon guide elements, which are arranged around the circular reed of the circular loom for feeding a large number of warp ribbons to the circular loom, with a plurality of weaving shuttles running around the circular reed for inserting weft ribbons into sheds formed by the warp ribbons and with a main drive for driving the shuttles, the circular loom comprising a large number of the shed-forming devices according to the invention defined above, which are arranged around the circular reed, with the shed-forming devices being driven directly or indirectly by the main drive.
- crank elements of the shed-forming devices are preferably rotated via a toothed wheel connection that is operatively connected to the main drive, preferably a bevel gear connection, or via toothed belts that are operatively connected to the main drive.
- FIG. 1A, 1B and 1C a first embodiment of the shed forming device 1 according to the invention of a circular loom is shown in front view, side view and from above.
- the shed forming device 1 has a large number of elements 2 carrying warp bands for guiding warp bands 3, 4 in two groups of warp bands 3a, 4a, the elements 2 carrying warp bands imparting opposite alternating movements to the two groups of warp bands 3a, 4a to form a shed 5, each the elements 2 carrying the warp ribbons, two deflection rollers 6, 6 wraps around.
- the elements 2 carrying the shackle can be formed, for example, as eyelets, cords or strands with sections formed on both sides of the deflection rollers 6 small warp eyes 2a.
- the axes of rotation 6a of the deflection rollers 6 are inclined so that the warp bands 3, 4 of the two warp band sheets 3a, 4a pass side by side when being fed to the shed 5 without touching one another.
- a shuttle (not shown) circulates in a circular reed 12 of a circular loom and releases the weft thread that it carries on a roll to the edge of the fabric being formed.
- a large number of the shed forming devices 1 according to the invention are arranged around the circular reed 12 and are driven directly or indirectly by the main drive of the circular loom.
- the crank elements 7 of the shed-forming devices 1 are expediently rotated via a toothed wheel connection which is operatively connected to the main drive, preferably a bevel gear connection, or via toothed belts which are operatively connected to the main drive.
- Warp ribbon guide elements are arranged around the circular reed 12 of the circular loom for feeding a plurality of warp ribbons to the circular loom.
- Several shuttles running around the circular reed 12 are provided for inserting weft ribbons into sheds 5 formed by the warp ribbons.
- such circular looms are known to those skilled in the art and can, for example, in EP 3431643 A1 be executed as described.
- the shed forming device 1 has a crank drive with a crank element 7, in particular a crankshaft or crank disk, and at least one connecting rod 8 connected to the crank element 7.
- the crank element 7 is driven by a crank drive 13, which in this exemplary embodiment comprises a rotatably mounted drive shaft 13a and a bevel gear 13b which is non-rotatably connected to the drive shaft 13a and can be connected to a main drive of a circular loom (not shown).
- the connecting rod comprises a longitudinal bar 8a and a transverse bar 8b, with a first connecting rod bearing 8c being formed in the longitudinal bar 8a, which is articulated on the crank element 7 at a crank pin 7a and the elements 2 carrying warp strips are articulated on the transverse bar 8b of the connecting rod 8,
- the Connecting rod 8 has a second connecting rod bearing 8d, which is guided on a linear guide 9 in a rotatable and linearly displaceable manner.
- the linear guide 9 comprises a guide carriage 10 and a guide rod 11 guiding the guide carriage 10 , the second connecting rod bearing 8d being articulated on the guide carriage 10 .
- the guide carriage 10 is preferably guided either with roller bearings or aerostatically or magnetically along the guide rod 11 in order to have the lowest possible frictional resistance.
- the second connecting rod bearing 8d is in the middle of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 so that the same number of elements 2 carrying warp strips are arranged to the left and right of the second connecting rod bearing 8d.
- the longitudinal beam 8a and the transverse beam 8b of the connecting rod 8 are at such an angle to one another that when the first connecting rod bearing 8c is at an upper (12 o'clock position) or lower (6 o'clock position) dead center of the crank element 7, the transverse beam 8b of the connecting rod 8 is horizontal. In the embodiment of Figures 1A-1C this angle between the longitudinal beam 8a and the transverse beam 8b is 90°.
- the elements 2 carrying warp ribbons are articulated on the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 with articulations 8e, for example pins.
- the rotary movement of the crank element is converted into a linear movement of the connecting rod 8 by the longitudinal beam 8a of the connecting rod 8 .
- this only applies to the second connecting rod bearing 8d, which is articulated on the guide carriage 10.
- the crossbar 8b of the connecting rod 8 also performs a pivoting movement about the second connecting rod bearing 8d.
- This pivoting movement of the crossbar 8b leads to a certain back and forth sideways movement of the warp-carrying elements 2 arranged on the crossbar 8b, which is greater the further away from the second connecting rod bearing 8d (i.e. the pivot point) a warp-carrying element 2 on the crossbar 8b is arranged.
- the distance between the mounting of an element 2 carrying warp ribbons on the crossbeam 8b and the second connecting rod bearing 8d defines the swivel radius.
- the sideways movement described is undesirable and should therefore be minimized. This is achieved by keeping the length of the crossbar 8b small.
- this length cannot be reduced arbitrarily, but depends geometrically on the number of elements 2 carrying warp ribbons and their distance from one another, the invention provides in further embodiments to increase the number of connecting rods, whereby the length of each crossbar 8b is kept short can be.
- FIG. 2A and 2B an embodiment of the shed forming device 1 according to the invention is shown, on which a total of four connecting rods 8 are articulated on a crank element 7 .
- Two connecting rods 8 are fastened with their first connecting rod bearings 8c directly or indirectly to a common articulation point, in particular a common crank pin 7a, of the crank element 7 and each of the connecting rods 8 is guided in its own linear guide 9 on its second connecting rod bearing 8d.
- the crank element 7 is designed as a crank disk, the two crank pins 7a are offset from one another by 180° arranged with a crank pin 7a at the front and a crank pin 7a at the rear of the crank disk.
- longitudinal beams 8a and transverse beams 8b of the connecting rod are arranged at angles other than 90° with respect to one another.
- Direct attachment of a connecting rod 8 to the pivot point on the crank element 7 means that the first connecting rod bearing 8c is connected directly to the crank pin 7a.
- Indirect attachment of a connecting rod 8 to the articulation point on the crank element 7 means that there is a main connecting rod 8 with a longitudinal beam 8a and a transverse beam 8b, which is articulated with its first connecting rod bearing 8c directly on the crank element 7 (direct connection), and that there is also a secondary connecting rod 8' with a longitudinal bar 8a and a transverse bar 8b, the longitudinal bar 8a of the secondary connecting rod 8' being attached to a secondary connecting rod articulation point 8f of the longitudinal bar 8a of the main connecting rod 8 and the main connecting rod 8 and the secondary connecting rod 8' being attached to their second Connecting rod bearings 8d are each guided in their own linear guide 9.
- the secondary connecting rod 8' is thus only indirectly connected to the crank element 7 and is carried along by the main connecting rod 8.
- the secondary connecting rod 8' can be omitted, leaving only the main connecting rod 8.
- connecting rods 8 are provided, with the first connecting rod bearing 8c of each connecting rod 8 at its own articulation point, here its own crank pin 7a, is mounted on the crank element 7, and each of the pivot points on the crank element 7 is offset from its adjacent pivot points by 360°/N and each connecting rod 8 is guided in its own linear guide 9.
- the shed formation facilities 1 are characterized in that the elements 2 carrying warp ribbons are designed as separate elements, each of which is articulated individually on a crossbar 8b of a connecting rod 8. This results in a perfectly lens-shaped shed 5.
- the elements 2 carrying warp ribbons are provided as eyelets or cords looping around the deflection rollers 6 with warp ribbon eyes 2a formed in sections on both sides of the deflection rollers, run from the shed forming device 1 Figures 2A-2B the elements 2 carrying warp ribbons do not revolve around deflection rollers, but are attached with one end to the linkages 8e of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 and with a second end to attachment points 14a of a holding beam 14, the dimensions of which correspond to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 .
- the attachment points 14a are equidistant from each other arranged like the articulations 8e of the transom 8b of the connecting rod.
- the support beam 14 can be pivoted about a support beam bearing 14b, which is seated at one end of a spacer 15, which is designed, for example, as a rod or tube.
- the spacer 15 is also connected to the guide carriage 10 of the linear guide 9 and is carried along by the connecting rod 8 along the linear guide 9, so that the distance between the crossbar 8b of the connecting rod 8and the retaining bar always remains constant.
- the pivoting of the crossbeam 8b is transmitted through the elements 2 carrying warp ribbons to the retaining beam 14, which is thus pivoted parallel to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8.
- the embodiment of the shed-forming device 1 shown schematically in a front view or side view comprises the elements 2 carrying the warp bands, the machine bands 16 looping around the deflection rollers 6 and into which the strands 17 with hooks 17a are hung at their ends.
- the warp-tape-carrying elements 2 are formed as tapes into which the warp-tape eyes 2a are incorporated, the tapes being passed around the deflection rollers 6, 6 and joined together at a joint 2b to form an endless tape. Furthermore, the bands are twisted by 180° (at 2c) and are fastened in the region of their twisting to clamping points 8g of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 by means of clamping.
- the invention provides compensation means in order to form all sheds 5 of the same length or to keep the closed states of all sheds 5 at the same distances.
- the compensation means are designed as a gear train 19 with elliptical gear wheels 19a, 19b which is connected upstream of the crank drive 13 and drives the crank drive 13.
- the elliptical gears 19a, 19b are designed as elliptical bevel gears. Alternatively, they could also be designed as elliptical spur gears, with the pitch curves being ellipses in both types of gears.
- Gear drives 19 with elliptical gears have a periodically changing transmission ratio and thus, in combination with the crank drive 13, give the elements 2 carrying the warp ribbons a uniform, almost sinusoidal lifting movement.
- the pivot points of the elliptical gears 19a, 19b lie in one of the foci of the ellipse, which have the linear eccentricity with respect to their centers of the ellipse.
- the magnitude of the eccentricity determines the gear ratio variation and is dependent on the crank ratio.
- the bevel gear 19a is driven by an intermediate shaft 20, which in turn is driven via a gear train 21 by the main shaft 18 of the circular loom.
- the compensation means are designed as a separate drive train of the crank drive 13, with the separate drive train having an eccentric drive shaft S1 with a driver C1 and a crankshaft S2 with a driver block C2, with the axes of rotation of the drive shaft S1 and the crankshaft S2 being parallel are offset from each other by a correction distance K from each other.
- the essential feature of this embodiment is that the axes of rotation of the drive shaft S1 and the driven crankshaft S2 have a parallel offset to one another and are positively connected only via the driver elements C1, C2.
- the drive shaft S1 is driven by the main shaft of the circular loom, e.g.
- the crank drive 13 of the crank element 7 is non-positively connected to the crankshaft C2 and therefore executes the lifting movement of the connecting rod 8 in such a way that at 90° (9 o'clock) and 270° (3 o'clock) the connecting rod 8 is exactly in the middle position between top dead center TDC (at 0° or 12 o'clock) and the bottom dead center UT (at 180° or 6 o'clock).
- the distance between the top dead center OT and the bottom dead center UT is the lift height H, the center position of the connecting rod 8 is thus at half the lift height H/2.
- the compensation means are designed as an individual electric drive that drives the crank drive and performs compensating movements. These individual drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the required movement profile by means of a compensating movement.
- the compensation means are designed as a cardan shaft upstream of the crank drive and driving the crank drive, with a deflection angle of the cardan shaft being set such that the resulting cardan error compensates for the stroke error.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Webfachbildungseinrichtung (1) einer Rundwebmaschine, mit Kettbändchen tragenden Elementen (2) zur Führung von Kettbändchen (3, 4) in zwei Kettbändchenscharen (3a, 4a), wobei die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente (2) den beiden Kettbändchenscharen (3a, 4a) einander entgegengesetzte Wechselbewegungen zur Bildung eines Webfaches (5) erteilen. Die Webfachbildungseinrichtung (1) weist einen Kurbelantrieb mit einem Kurbelelement (7), insbesondere einer Kurbelwelle oder Kurbelscheibe, und zumindest einem mit dem Kurbelelement verbundenen Pleuel (8) auf, wobei das Pleuel (8) einen Längsbalken (8a) und einen Querbalken (8b) umfasst, wobei im Längsbalken (8a) ein erstes Pleuellager (8c) ausgebildet ist, das an dem Kurbelelement (7) angelenkt ist und die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente (2) am Querbalken (8b) des Pleuels (8) angelenkt sind, wobei das Pleuel (8) ein zweites Pleuellager (8d) aufweist, das drehbar und linear verschiebbar an einer Linearführung (9) geführt ist.The invention relates to a shed forming device (1) of a circular weaving machine, with elements (2) carrying warp ribbons for guiding warp ribbons (3, 4) in two sheets of warp ribbons (3a, 4a), the elements (2) carrying warp ribbons being attached to the two sheets of warp ribbons (3a, 4a) impart opposing, alternating movements to form a shed (5). The shed forming device (1) has a crank drive with a crank element (7), in particular a crankshaft or crank disk, and at least one connecting rod (8) connected to the crank element, the connecting rod (8) having a longitudinal bar (8a) and a transverse bar (8b ), wherein a first connecting rod bearing (8c) is formed in the longitudinal beam (8a), which is articulated on the crank element (7) and the elements (2) carrying warp ribbons are articulated on the transverse beam (8b) of the connecting rod (8), the Connecting rod (8) has a second connecting rod bearing (8d) which is guided in a rotatable and linearly displaceable manner on a linear guide (9).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Webfachbildungseinrichtung einer Rundwebmaschine, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine damit ausgestattete Rundwebmaschine.The invention relates to a shed forming device of a circular loom, according to the preamble of
Es sind aus dem Stand der Technik allgemein Rundwebmaschinen zur Herstellung von Geweben bekannt, die ein Rundriet aufweisen, welches koaxial zu einer Hauptwelle der Rundwebmaschine angeordnet ist. Die Hauptwelle bildet eine Hauptachse der Rundwebmaschine. Um das Rundriet herum sind Kettbändchen-Führungselemente angeordnet, die zur Zuführung einer Vielzahl von Kettbändchen zur Rundwebmaschine ausgebildet sind. Webfachbildungseinrichtungen gruppieren die zugeführten Kettbändchen in zwei Kettbändchenscharen und verleihen ihnen einander entgegengesetzte Wechselbewegungen, wodurch zwischen den beiden Kettbändchenscharen ein Webfach geöffnet und geschlossen wird. Ein Webschütze bewegt sich auf einer Umlaufbahn im geöffneten Webfach um und trägt dabei ein Schussbändchen in das Webfach ein, wodurch ein Gewebe gebildet wird. Bei modernen Rundwebmaschinen laufen meistens mehrere Webschützen gleichzeitig in einem jeweiligen Webfach im Rundriet um. Das Gewebe wird durch einen Webring hindurch abgezogen.Circular weaving machines for producing fabrics are generally known from the prior art, which have a circular reed which is arranged coaxially to a main shaft of the circular weaving machine. The main shaft forms a main axis of the circular loom. Arranged around the circular reed are warp ribbon guide elements, which are designed to feed a large number of warp ribbons to the circular weaving machine. Shed forming devices group the supplied warp bands into two warp bands and give them mutually opposite alternating movements, whereby a shed is opened and closed between the two warp bands. A shuttle moves on an orbit in the open shed and thereby inserts a weft ribbon into the shed, as a result of which a fabric is formed. In modern circular looms, several shuttles run around at the same time in a respective shed in the circular reed. The fabric is drawn off through a weaving ring.
Das österreichische Patent
Wenn mehrere Teilschäftepaare gemeinsam angesteuert werden, entsteht ein stufenförmiges Webfach, im Folgenden auch als Stufenfach bezeichnet.If several pairs of partial shafts are controlled together, a stepped weaving shed is created, also referred to below as a stepped shed.
Bei neueren Rundwebmaschinen ist der Webfachbildungsantrieb üblicherweise mit Steuerkurven und Steuerhebeln realisiert. Zur Minimierung der Anzahl an Steuerhebeln werden üblicherweise mehrere nebeneinander liegende Webfachbildungseinrichtungen zu Gruppen zusammengefasst, die durch einen oder zwei Steuerhebel gleichzeitig angelenkt werden. Dadurch entsteht ein stufenförmiges Webfach, welches den Nachteil aufweist, dass es in den Endbereichen verkürzt ist und aufgrund des geringeren nutzbaren Raums über die ganze Länge gesehen wenig Platz für den Webschützen bietet. Darüber hinaus wird durch die Stufenform ein Totraum zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Webfächern vergrößert, wodurch bei solchen Rundwebmaschinen eine geringere Anzahl an Webschützen gleichzeitig im Rundriet umlaufen kann. Eine geringe Anzahl an Webschützen führt zu einer Verringerung der Produktionsgeschwindigkeit der Rundwebmaschine, wodurch der Ausstoß der Rundwebmaschine verringert wird.In newer circular looms, the shedding drive is usually implemented with cams and control levers. In order to minimize the number of control levers, several shed-forming devices located next to one another are usually combined into groups, which are articulated simultaneously by one or two control levers become. This creates a stepped shed, which has the disadvantage that it is shortened in the end areas and, seen over the entire length, offers little space for the shuttle due to the smaller usable space. In addition, a dead space between two successive sheds is increased by the stepped shape, which means that a smaller number of shuttles can run around the circular reed at the same time in such circular looms. A small number of shuttles leads to a reduction in the production speed of the circular loom, thereby reducing the output of the circular loom.
Die
Die Effizienz einer Rundwebmaschine zeichnet sich im Wesentlichen durch ihre Produktionsgeschwindigkeit, die Qualität des gebildeten Gewebes und ihren Energieverbrauch aus. Die Obergrenze der Produktionsgeschwindigkeit ist bestimmt durch die Maximalgeschwindigkeit der Webfachbildung, beziehungsweise jener des Fachwechsels zwischen geöffnetem und geschlossenem Zustand des Webfaches, bei welcher sich der Webschützen ohne Kollision mit den das Webfach begrenzenden Kettbändchen im Wanderfach bewegen kann.The efficiency of a circular loom is essentially characterized by its production speed, the quality of the fabric formed and its energy consumption. The upper limit of the production speed is determined by the maximum speed of the shed formation, or that of the shed change between the open and closed state of the shed, at which the shuttle can move in the traveling shed without colliding with the warp bands delimiting the shed.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Webfachbildungseinrichtung zur Bildung eines linsenförmigen Webfaches bereitzustellen, das im Vergleich zu einem stufenförmigen Webfach mehr Platz für den Webschützen bietet, und die zugleich die Nachteile einer Lösung mit zusätzlichen Schwenkelementen überwindet, um die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit zu erhöhen oder den Gesamtdurchmesser der Rundwebmaschine zu verringern. Durch den linsenförmigen Querschnitt des Webfachs/der Webfächer kann die Zahl an Webschützen, die gleichzeitig im Rundriet umlaufen, maximiert werden, oder es kann bei gleicher Anzahl an Webschützen der Abstand zwischen den Webschützen und den Kettbändchen an den Enden des Webfachs / der Webfächer vergrößert werden, wodurch die Gefahr von Kollisionen des Webschützen mit Kettbändchen verringert wird und dadurch bedingte Kettbändchenrisse vermieden werden.The object of the present invention is to provide a shed forming device for forming a lenticular shed that offers more space for the shuttle compared to a stepped shed, and at the same time overcomes the disadvantages of a solution with additional pivoting elements in order to increase the production speed or the overall diameter of the circular loom. The lens-shaped cross-section of the shed/sheds allows the number of shuttles running around the reed at the same time to be maximized, or the distance between the shuttles and the warp tapes at the ends of the shed/sheds can be increased with the same number of shuttles , which reduces the risk of the weaving shuttle colliding with the warp bands and avoiding the warp bands tearing as a result.
Bei herkömmlichen Rundwebmaschinen mit Steuerkurven und Steuerhebeln verursacht die Rollreibung zwischen Steuerkurve und Exzenterrolle einen vergleichsweise hohen Energieverbrauch. Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt in einem Aspekt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine energiesparendere Rundwebmaschine bereitzustellen.In conventional circular looms with control cams and control levers, the rolling friction between the control cam and eccentric roller causes comparatively high energy consumption. In one aspect, the present invention is based on the object of providing a more energy-saving circular weaving machine.
Die vorliegende Erfindung löst die gestellten Aufgaben durch Bereitstellung einer Webfachbildungseinrichtung einer Rundwebmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und einer Rundwebmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 20. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen dargelegt.The present invention solves the stated objects by providing a shed forming device of a circular loom having the features of
Die erfindungsgemäße Webfachbildungseinrichtung einer Rundwebmaschine weist Kettbändchen tragende Elemente zur Führung von Kettbändchen in zwei Kettbändchenscharen auf, wobei die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente den beiden Kettbändchenscharen einander entgegengesetzte Wechselbewegungen zur Bildung eines Webfaches erteilen. Die Webfachbildungseinrichtung weisen einen Kurbelantrieb mit einem Kurbelelement, insbesondere einer Kurbelwelle oder Kurbelscheibe, und zumindest einem mit dem Kurbelelement verbundenen Pleuel auf. Das Pleuel umfasst einen Längsbalken und einen Querbalken, wobei im Längsbalken ein erstes Pleuellager ausgebildet ist, das an dem Kurbelelement angelenkt ist und die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente am Querbalken des Pleuels angelenkt sind, wobei das Pleuel ein zweites Pleuellager aufweist, das drehbar und linear verschiebbar an einer Linearführung geführt ist.The shed forming device according to the invention of a circular loom has warp-bearing elements for guiding warp bands in two warp sheets, the warp-bearing elements imparting opposite alternating movements to the two warp sheets to form a shed. The shed-forming device has a crank drive with a crank element, in particular a crankshaft or crank disk, and at least one connecting rod connected to the crank element. The connecting rod comprises a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam, with a first connecting rod bearing being formed in the longitudinal beam, which is articulated on the crank element and the elements carrying warp ribbons are articulated on the transverse beam of the connecting rod, the connecting rod having a second connecting rod bearing which can be rotated and linearly displaced on a linear guide is guided.
Bevorzugt weist die Linearführung einen Führungsschlitten und eine den Führungsschlitten führende Führungsstange auf, wobei das zweite Pleuellager an dem Führungsschlitten angelenkt ist. Der Führungsschlitten versetzt das zweite Pleuellager entlang der Führungsstange in eine Hubbewegung. Der Führungsschlitten kann beispielsweise entweder mit Rollenlagern oder aerostatisch oder magnetisch entlang der Führungsstange geführt sein.The linear guide preferably has a guide carriage and a guide rod guiding the guide carriage, the second connecting rod bearing being articulated on the guide carriage. The guide carriage sets the second connecting rod bearing in a lifting motion along the guide rod. The guide carriage can, for example, be guided along the guide rod either with roller bearings or aerostatically or magnetically.
Um Seitwärtsbewegungen der am Querbalken angeordneten Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente zu minimieren, ist es zweckmäßig, dass das zweite Pleuellager mittig des Querbalkens des Pleuels positioniert ist.In order to minimize sideways movements of the elements carrying the warp ribbons arranged on the crossbeam, it is expedient for the second connecting rod bearing to be positioned in the middle of the crossbeam of the connecting rod.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass der Längsbalken und der Querbalken des Pleuels in einem solchen Winkel zueinander stehen, dass, wenn das erste Pleuellager in einem oberen oder unteren Totpunkt steht, der Querbalken des Pleuels waagrecht steht.It is preferred that the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam of the connecting rod are at such an angle to one another that when the first connecting rod bearing is at a top or bottom dead center, the transverse beam of the connecting rod is horizontal.
Wenn an der erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung zumindest zwei einen Längsbalken und einen Querbalken aufweisende Pleuel vorgesehen sind, können Seitwärtsbewegungen der am Querbalken angeordneten Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente minimiert werden. Diese Seitwärtsbewegungen resultieren aus der Kreisbewegung des Querbalkens beim Schwenken des Pleuels und sind umso größer, je weiter die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente von dem zweiten Pleuellager entfernt sind. Werden mehrere Pleuel vorgesehen, so können die Querbalken entsprechend kürzer ausgebildet sein, wodurch sich die erwähnten Seitwärtsbewegungen reduzieren.If at least two connecting rods having a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam are provided on the shed-forming device according to the invention, sideways movements of the elements carrying warp bands arranged on the transverse beam can be minimized. These sideways movements result from the circular movement of the crossbar when the connecting rod pivots and are greater the further away the elements carrying warp strips are from the second connecting rod bearing. If several connecting rods are provided, the crossbeams can be made correspondingly shorter, which reduces the sideways movements mentioned.
Bevorzugte alternative Anordnungen von mehreren Pleueln mit entsprechend verkürzten Querbalken sind nachfolgend dargelegt.Preferred alternative arrangements of multiple connecting rods with correspondingly shortened crossbars are set out below.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform sind die Pleuel mit ihren ersten Pleuellagern an einer gemeinsamen Anlenkstelle, insbesondere einem gemeinsamen Kurbelzapfen, des Kurbelelements befestigt, wobei jedes der Pleuel an seinem zweiten Pleuellager in einer eigenen Linearführung geführt ist.In a first embodiment, the connecting rods are fastened with their first connecting rod bearings to a common articulation point, in particular a common crank pin, of the crank element, with each of the connecting rods being guided in its own linear guide at its second connecting rod bearing.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsform ist zumindest ein Hauptpleuel mit einem Längsbalken und einem Querbalken und ein Nebenpleuel mit einem Längsbalken und einem Querbalken vorgesehen, wobei das Hauptpleuel mit seinem ersten Pleuellager an dem Kurbelelement angelenkt ist, der Längsbalken des Nebenpleuels am Längsbalken des Hauptpleuels befestigt ist und das Hauptpleuel und das Nebenpleuel an ihren zweiten Pleuellagern in jeweils einer eigenen Linearführung geführt sind.In a second embodiment, at least one main connecting rod with a longitudinal bar and a transverse bar and a secondary connecting rod with a longitudinal bar and a transverse bar are provided, the main connecting rod being articulated with its first connecting rod bearing on the crank element, the longitudinal bar of the secondary connecting rod being attached to the longitudinal bar of the main connecting rod and the The main connecting rod and the secondary connecting rod are guided on their second connecting rod bearings, each in their own linear guide.
In einer dritten Ausführungsform sind N (N = 2, 3, ...) Pleuel vorgesehen, wobei das erste Pleuellager eines jeden Pleuels an einer eigenen Anlenkstelle, vorzugsweise einem Kurbelzapfen, am Kurbelelement gelagert ist, und jede der Anlenkstellen am Kurbelelement von ihren benachbarten Anlenkstellen um 360° / N versetzt ist und jedes Pleuel in einer eigenen Linearführung geführt ist.In a third embodiment, N (N = 2, 3, ...) connecting rods are provided, the first connecting rod bearing of each connecting rod being mounted on its own articulation point, preferably a crank pin, on the crank element, and each of the articulation points on the crank element being supported by its neighboring ones Articulation points is offset by 360° / N and each connecting rod is guided in its own linear guide.
Um die Webfächer möglichst gut einer Linsenform anzunähern, kann weiters erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen sein, dass die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente als die Umlenkrollen umschlingende Ösenbänder oder Schnüre mit in Abschnitten beidseits der Umlenkrollen ausgebildeten Kettbändchen-Augen bereitgestellt sind.In order to approximate the sheds as closely as possible to a lens shape, it can also be provided according to the invention that the elements carrying the warp bands are provided as eyelet bands looping around the deflection rollers or cords with warp band eyes formed in sections on both sides of the deflection rollers.
Die erfindungsgemäße Webfachbildungseinrichtung lässt sich einfacher und mit weniger Einzelteilen herstellen als herkömmliche Webfachbildungseinrichtungen, wobei dennoch eine angenähert linsenförmige Webfachbildung möglich ist, wenn die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente als die Umlenkrollen umschlingende Ösenbänder oder Schnüre mit einer ersten Gruppe von zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Kettbändchen-Augen und einer zweiten Gruppe von zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Kettbändchen-Augen sind, wobei die beiden Gruppen von Kettbändchen-Augen an Abschnitten des Ösenbands oder der Schnur beidseits der Umlenkrollen ausgebildet sind. Die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente einer Gruppe werden jeweils gemeinsam angelenkt.The shed-forming device according to the invention can be produced more easily and with fewer individual parts than conventional shed-forming devices, although an approximately lens-shaped shed formation is possible if the elements carrying the warp bands are looped around the deflection rollers as eyelets or cords with a first group of at least two warp-band eyes arranged next to one another and one second group of at least two juxtaposed warp eyes, the two groups of warp eyes being formed on sections of the eyelet tape or the cord on both sides of the deflection rollers. The elements of a group that carry warp ribbons are each articulated together.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung umfassen die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente die Umlenkrollen umschlingende Maschinenbänder, in die Litzen mit Haken an ihren Enden eingehängt sind, wobei die Litzen Kettbändchen-Augen aufweisen.In a further preferred embodiment of the shed-forming device according to the invention, the warp-tape-carrying elements comprise machine tapes looping around the deflection rollers, into which heddles with hooks are hung at their ends, the heddles having warp-tape eyes.
Wenn die Drehachsen der Umlenkrollen der Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente schräggestellt sind, können die Kettbändchen der beiden Kettbändchenscharen bei der Zuführung zum Webfach nebeneinander vorbeilaufen, ohne sich gegenseitig zu berühren.If the axes of rotation of the deflection rollers of the elements carrying the warp bands are inclined, the warp bands of the two warp bands can pass side by side when being fed to the shed without touching one another.
Eine einfache Befestigung der die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente ergibt sich, wenn diese Elemente verdrillt am Querbalken des Pleuels angebracht, vorzugsweise angeklemmt, sind.A simple fastening of the elements carrying the warp ribbons results when these elements are twisted and attached to the crossbar of the connecting rod, preferably clamped.
Systembedingt befindet sich das Pleuel nicht auf halber Hubhöhe, wenn sein erstes Pleuellager im Betrieb des Kurbelantriebs in der 9 Uhr bzw. 3 Uhr Stellung ist, sondern ist gegenüber der halben Hubhöhe um einen Hubfehler versetzt. Das bewirkt abwechselnd unterschiedliche Abstände, zu denen die Webfächer geschlossen sind, auch als "Geschlossenfach" bezeichnet. Anders gesagt, sind die Webfächer abwechselnd länger und kürzer. Wenn man daher gleich lange Webschützen verwenden möchte, muss man sich für die Auswahl einer Webschützenlänge an den kürzeren Webfächern orientieren. Alternativ dazu könnte man abwechselnd längere und kürzere Webschützen verwenden. Beide Maßnahmen erzielen aber kein optimales Ergebnis. Die Erfindung sieht daher in einem weiteren Aspekt Maßnahmen vor, um alle Webfächer gleich lang auszubilden bzw. die geschlossenen Zustände aller Webfächer in gleichen Abständen zu halten.Depending on the system, the connecting rod is not at half stroke height when its first connecting rod bearing is in the 9 o'clock or 3 o'clock position during operation of the crank drive, but is offset by a stroke error compared to half stroke height. This causes alternately different distances at which the sheds are closed, also referred to as "closed shed". In other words, the sheds are alternately longer and shorter. Therefore, if you want to use shuttles of the same length, you have to use the shorter sheds as a guide when selecting a shuttle length. Alternatively, one could alternately use longer and shorter shuttles. However, both measures do not achieve optimal results. In a further aspect, the invention therefore provides measures to form all sheds of the same length or to keep the closed states of all sheds at the same distances.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es daher bevorzugt, die Webfachbildungseinrichtung mit Kompensationsmitteln zum Ausgleich von systembedingten Hubfehlern der Pleuel bzw. mit den Pleueln verbundenen Kettbändchen tragenden Elementen auszustatten.According to the invention, it is therefore preferred to equip the shed-forming device with compensation means for compensating for system-related stroke errors of the connecting rods or elements carrying warp ribbons connected to the connecting rods.
Bei einer ersten Ausführungsform der Webfachbildungseinrichtung mit kompensiertem Hubfehler sind die Kompensationsmittel als ein dem Kurbelantrieb vorgeschaltetes und den Kurbelantrieb antreibendes Zahnradgetriebe mit elliptischen Zahnrädern, vorzugsweise elliptischen Stirn- oder Kegelrädern, ausgebildet. Zahnradgetriebe mit elliptischen Zahnrädern, wie Stirn- oder Kegelrädern, weisen ein periodisch wechselndes Übersetzungsverhältnis auf und erteilen damit in Kombination mit dem Kurbelantrieb den Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente eine gleichmäßige, nahezu sinusförmige Hubbewegung. Das Ellipsenrädergetriebe besteht aus Zahnrädern, deren Wälzkurven Ellipsen sind. Die Drehpunkte der Zahnräder liegen in einem der Ellipsenbrennpunkte, die gegenüber ihren Ellipsenmittelpunkten die lineare Exzentrizität besitzen. Die Größe der Exzentrizität bestimmt die Variation des Übersetzungsverhältnisses und ist abhängig vom Kurbelverhältnis.In a first embodiment of the shed-forming device with a compensated stroke error, the compensation means are designed as a gear mechanism with elliptical gears, preferably elliptical spur gears or bevel gears, which is connected upstream of the crank drive and drives the crank drive. Gear drives with elliptical gears, such as spur or bevel gears, have a periodically changing transmission ratio and thus, in combination with the crank drive, give the elements carrying the warp ribbons a uniform, almost sinusoidal lifting movement. The elliptical gear mechanism consists of gears whose pitch curves are ellipses. The fulcrums of the gears lie in one of the foci of the ellipse, which have the linear eccentricity with respect to their centers of the ellipse. The magnitude of the eccentricity determines the gear ratio variation and is dependent on the crank ratio.
In einer zweiten Ausführungsform sind die Kompensationsmittel als ein den Kurbelantrieb antreibender, Ausgleichsbewegungen durchführender elektrischer Einzelantrieb ausgebildet. Diese Einzelantriebe können elektronisch gesteuert werden, sodass sie mittels einer Ausgleichsbewegung das erforderliche Bewegungsprofil bereitstellen.In a second embodiment, the compensation means are designed as an individual electric drive that drives the crank drive and carries out compensating movements. These individual drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the required movement profile by means of a compensating movement.
In einer dritten Ausführungsform sind die Kompensationsmittel als getrennter Antriebsstrang des Kurbelantriebs ausgebildet, wobei der getrennte Antriebsstrang eine Antriebswelle mit einem Mitnehmer und eine Kurbelwelle mit einem Mitnehmerstein aufweist, wobei die Rotationsachsen der Antriebswelle und der Kurbelwelle parallel zueinander um einen Korrekturabstand voneinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Das wesentliche Merkmal dieser Ausführungsform ist, dass die Rotationsachsen der Antriebswelle und der angetriebenen Kurbelwelle einen parallelen Versatz zueinander aufweisen und nur über ein Mitnehmerelement formschlüssig verbunden sind.In a third embodiment, the compensation means are designed as a separate drive train of the crank drive, the separate drive train having a drive shaft with a driver and a crankshaft with a driver stone, the axes of rotation of the drive shaft and the crankshaft being offset from one another by a correction distance. The essential feature of this embodiment is that the axes of rotation of the drive shaft and the driven crankshaft have a parallel offset to one another and are positively connected only via a driver element.
In einer vierten Ausführungsform sind die Kompensationsmittel als eine dem Kurbelantrieb vorgeschaltete und den Kurbelantrieb antreibende Kardanwelle ausgebildet, wobei ein Beugewinkel der Kardanwelle so eingestellt ist, dass der daraus resultierende Kardanfehler den Hubfehler kompensiert.In a fourth embodiment, the compensation means are designed as a cardan shaft which is connected upstream of the crank drive and drives the crank drive, with a deflection angle of the cardan shaft being adjusted in such a way that the resulting cardan error compensates for the stroke error.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch eine Rundwebmaschine mit einem Rundriet und mit Kettbändchen-Führungselementen, die um das Rundriet der Rundwebmaschine herum zur Zuführung einer Vielzahl von Kettbändchen zur Rundwebmaschine angeordnet sind, mit mehreren im Rundriet umlaufenden Webschützen zum Eintragen von Schussbändchen in von den Kettbändchen gebildeten Webfächern und mit einem Hauptantrieb zum Antreiben der Webschützen, wobei die Rundwebmaschine eine Vielzahl der oben definierten erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtungen umfasst, die um das Rundriet herum angeordnet sind, wobei die Webfachbildungseinrichtungen direkt oder indirekt vom Hauptantrieb angetrieben werden.The invention also includes a circular loom with a circular reed and with warp ribbon guide elements, which are arranged around the circular reed of the circular loom for feeding a large number of warp ribbons to the circular loom, with a plurality of weaving shuttles running around the circular reed for inserting weft ribbons into sheds formed by the warp ribbons and with a main drive for driving the shuttles, the circular loom comprising a large number of the shed-forming devices according to the invention defined above, which are arranged around the circular reed, with the shed-forming devices being driven directly or indirectly by the main drive.
Bevorzugt werden die Kurbelelemente der Webfachbildungseinrichtungen über eine mit dem Hauptantrieb in Wirkverbindung stehende Zahnradverbindung, vorzugsweise eine Kegelradverbindung, oder über mit dem Hauptantrieb in Wirkverbindung stehende Zahnriemen rotiert.The crank elements of the shed-forming devices are preferably rotated via a toothed wheel connection that is operatively connected to the main drive, preferably a bevel gear connection, or via toothed belts that are operatively connected to the main drive.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand von nicht einschränkenden Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert.
- Die
Figuren 1A, 1B und 1C zeigen eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung in Vorderansicht, Seitenansicht und von oben. - Die
Figuren 2A und 2B zeigen eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung in Vorderansicht und Seitenansicht. - Die
Figuren 3A und 3B zeigen eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung in Vorderansicht und Seitenansicht. -
Fig. 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung schematisch in der Perspektive. -
Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch die Bildung von linsenförmigen Webfächern mit zu kompensierenden Hubfehlern. -
Fig. 6 zeigt schematisch eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung mit Hubfehlerkompensation. -
Fig. 7 zeigt schematisch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtung mit Hubfehlerkompensation.
- The
Figures 1A, 1B and 1C show a first embodiment of a shed forming device according to the invention in front view, side view and from above. - The
Figures 2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the shed forming device according to the invention in front view and side view. - The
Figures 3A and 3B show a further embodiment of the shed forming device according to the invention in front view and side view. -
4 shows a further embodiment of the shed forming device according to the invention schematically in perspective. -
figure 5 shows schematically the formation of lenticular sheds with stroke errors to be compensated. -
6 shows schematically an embodiment of a shed forming device according to the invention with stroke error compensation. -
7 shows schematically a further embodiment of a shed forming device according to the invention with stroke error compensation.
In den
Die Webfachbildungseinrichtung 1 weist einen Kurbelantrieb mit einem Kurbelelement 7, insbesondere einer Kurbelwelle oder Kurbelscheibe, und zumindest einem mit dem Kurbelelement 7 verbundenen Pleuel 8 auf. Das Kurbelelement 7 wird von einem Kurbelantrieb 13 angetrieben, der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel eine drehbar gelagerte Antriebswelle 13a und ein mit der Antriebswelle 13a drehfest verbundenes Kegelzahnrad 13b umfasst, das mit einem nicht dargestellten Hauptantrieb einer Rundwebmaschine verbindbar ist. Das Pleuel umfasst einen Längsbalken 8a und einen Querbalken 8b, wobei im Längsbalken 8a ein erstes Pleuellager 8c ausgebildet ist, das an dem Kurbelelement 7 an einem Kurbelzapfen 7a angelenkt ist und die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente 2 am Querbalken 8b des Pleuels 8 angelenkt sind, wobei das Pleuel 8 ein zweites Pleuellager 8d aufweist, das drehbar und linear verschiebbar an einer Linearführung 9 geführt ist. Die Linearführung 9 umfasst einen Führungsschlitten 10 und eine den Führungsschlitten 10 führende Führungsstange 11, wobei das zweite Pleuellager 8d an dem Führungsschlitten 10 angelenkt ist. Der Führungsschlitten 10 ist bevorzugt entweder mit Rollenlagern oder aerostatisch oder magnetisch entlang der Führungsstange 11 geführt, um möglichst geringen Reibungswiderstand aufzuweisen. Das zweite Pleuellager 8d ist mittig des Querbalkens 8b des Pleuels 8 positioniert, sodass links und rechts vom zweiten Pleuellager 8d jeweils die gleiche Anzahl an Kettbändchen tragenden Elementen 2 angeordnet sind. Der Längsbalken 8a und der Querbalken 8b des Pleuels 8 stehen in einem solchen Winkel zueinander, dass, wenn das erste Pleuellager 8c in einem oberen (12 Uhr Position) oder unteren (6 Uhr Position) Totpunkt des Kurbelelements 7 steht, der Querbalken 8b des Pleuels 8 waagrecht steht. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Die Drehbewegung des Kurbelelements wird durch den Längsbalken 8a des Pleuels 8 in eine Linearbewegung des Pleuels 8 umgewandelt. Das gilt genau genommen jedoch nur für das zweite Pleuellager 8d, das am Führungsschlitten 10 angelenkt ist. Der Querbalken 8b des Pleuels 8 führt zusätzlich eine Schwenkbewegung um das zweite Pleuellager 8d aus. Diese Schwenkbewegung des Querbalkens 8b führt zu einer gewissen hin-und-her Seitwärtsbewegung der am Querbalken 8b angeordneten Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente 2, die umso größer ist, je weiter entfernt vom zweiten Pleuellager 8d (d.h. dem Schwenkpunkt) ein Kettbändchen tragendes Element 2 am Querbalken 8b angeordnet ist. Der Abstand der Lagerung eines Kettbändchen tragenden Elementes 2 am Querbalken 8b vom zweiten Pleuellager 8d definiert nämlich den Schwenkradius. Die beschriebene Seitwärtsbewegung ist unerwünscht und soll daher minimiert werden. Dies gelingt, indem die Länge des Querbalkens 8b gering gehalten wird. Da diese Länge jedoch nicht beliebig reduziert werden kann, sondern geometrisch von der Anzahl der Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente 2 und ihrem Abstand voneinander abhängt, sieht die Erfindung in weiteren Ausführungsformen vor, die Anzahl der Pleuel zu erhöhen, wodurch die Länge eines jeden Querbalkens 8b kurz gehalten werden kann.The rotary movement of the crank element is converted into a linear movement of the connecting
Nachfolgend werden vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemäßen Webfachbildungseinrichtungen, die jeweils mit mehreren Pleueln 8 mit entsprechend verkürzten Querbalken 8b ausgestattet sind, beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of shed-forming devices according to the invention, which are each equipped with a plurality of connecting
In den
In einer vereinfachten Ausführungsform der Webfachbildungseinrichtung 1 gemäß den
Die Webfachbildungseinrichtungen 1 gemäß den
Bei einer Variante der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsform der Webfachbildungseinrichtung 1 mit weniger Einzelteilen, die aber dennoch angenähert linsenförmige Webfächer 5 bildet, sind nicht alle Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente 2 als einzeln bewegliche Teile ausgeführt, sondern sind die Kettbändchen tragenden Elemente 2 als die Umlenkrollen 6 umschlingende Ösenbänder oder Schnüre mit einer ersten Gruppe von zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Kettbändchen-Augen 2a und einer zweiten Gruppe von zumindest zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Kettbändchen-Augen 2a ausgebildet, wobei die beiden Gruppen von Kettbändchen-Augen 2a an Abschnitten des Ösenbands, der Schnur oder der Litze beidseits der Umlenkrollen 6 ausgebildet sind.In a variant of the above-described embodiment of the shed-forming
Bei einer in den
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Webfachbildungseinrichtung 1, dargestellt in
Wie in
Um diesen Hubfehler HF auszugleichen, sieht die Erfindung Kompensationsmittel vor, um alle Webfächer 5 gleich lang auszubilden bzw. die geschlossenen Zustände aller Webfächer 5 in gleichen Abständen zu halten.In order to compensate for this stroke error HF, the invention provides compensation means in order to form all sheds 5 of the same length or to keep the closed states of all
In einer ersten Ausführungsform, schematisch dargestellt in
In einer in
Der Kurbelantrieb 13 des Kurbelelements 7 ist mit der Kurbelwelle C2 kraftschlüssig verbunden und führt demnach die Hubbewegung des Pleuels 8 derart aus, dass bei 90° (9 Uhr) und 270° (3 Uhr) das Pleuel 8 genau die Mittenstellung zwischen dem oberen Totpunkt OT (bei 0° bzw. 12 Uhr) und dem unteren Totpunkt UT (bei 180° bzw. 6 Uhr) einnimmt. Die Distanz zwischen dem oberen Totpunkt OT und dem unteren Totpunkt UT ist die Hubhöhe H, die Mittenstellung des Pleuels 8 liegt somit bei der halben Hubhöhe H/2.The crank drive 13 of the
In einer in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Kompensationsmittel als ein den Kurbelantrieb antreibender, Ausgleichsbewegungen durchführender elektrischer Einzelantrieb ausgebildet. Diese Einzelantriebe können elektronisch gesteuert werden, so dass sie mittels einer Ausgleichsbewegung das erforderliche Bewegungsprofil bereitstellen.In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, the compensation means are designed as an individual electric drive that drives the crank drive and performs compensating movements. These individual drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the required movement profile by means of a compensating movement.
In einer weiteren, in den Zeichnungen nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Kompensationsmittel als eine dem Kurbelantrieb vorgeschaltete und den Kurbelantrieb antreibende Kardanwelle ausgebildet, wobei ein Beugewinkel der Kardanwelle so eingestellt ist, dass der daraus resultierende Kardanfehler den Hubfehler kompensiert.In a further embodiment not shown in the drawings, the compensation means are designed as a cardan shaft upstream of the crank drive and driving the crank drive, with a deflection angle of the cardan shaft being set such that the resulting cardan error compensates for the stroke error.
- 11
- WebfachbildungseinrichtungShed Educational Institution
- 22
- Kettbändchen tragende ElementeElements carrying warp ribbons
- 2a2a
- Kettbändchen-AugenChain eyes
- 2b2 B
-
Verbindungsstelle für bandförmige Elemente 2Connection point for band-shaped
elements 2 - 2c2c
-
Verdrillung von bandförmigen Elementen 2Twisting of band-shaped
elements 2 - 3,43.4
- Kettbändchenchain straps
- 3a, 4a3a, 4a
- Kettbändchen-ScharenWarp bands
- 5,5'5.5'
- Webfachshed
- 66
- Umlenkrollenpulleys
- 6a6a
- Drehachse der UmlenkrolleAxis of rotation of the pulley
- 77
- Kurbelelement, z.B. Kurbelwelle oder KurbelscheibeCrank element, e.g. crankshaft or crank pulley
- 7a7a
- Kurbelzapfencrank pin
- 88th
- Pleuel, Hauptpleuelconnecting rod, main connecting rod
- 8'8th'
- Nebenpleuelauxiliary connecting rod
- 8a8a
- Längsbalken des PleuelsLongitudinal beam of the connecting rod
- 8b8b
- Querbalken des PleuelsCrossbar of the connecting rod
- 8c8c
-
1. Pleuellager im Längsbalken des Pleuels, am Kurbelement 7 angelenkt1. Connecting rod bearing in the longitudinal beam of the connecting rod, articulated on the
crank element 7 - 8d8d
-
2. Pleuellager im Querbalken des Pleuels, an Linearführung 9 geführt2. Conrod bearing in the crossbar of the connecting rod, guided on
linear guide 9 - 8e8e
-
Anlenkung für Element 2 am PleuelLinkage for
element 2 on the connecting rod - 8f8f
- Nebenpleuel-AnlenkstelleSecondary connecting rod pivot point
- 8g8g
-
Klemmstelle am Querbalken 8bClamping point on the
crossbeam 8b - 99
- Linearführunglinear guide
- 1010
- Führungsschlittenguide carriage
- 1111
- Führungsstangeguide rod
- 1212
- Rundrietround advice
- 1313
- Kurbelantriebcrank drive
- 13a13a
- Antriebswelle des KurbelantriebsDrive shaft of the crank drive
- 13b13b
- Kegelzahnrad des Kurbelantriebs, mit Hauptantrieb verbundenCrank drive bevel gear connected to main drive
- 1414
- Haltebalkenhold bar
- 14a14a
- Befestigungspunkteattachment points
- 14b14b
- Haltebalkenlagersupport beam bearing
- 1515
- Distanzhalterspacers
- 1616
- Maschinenbandmachine tape
- 1717
- Litzestrand
- 17a17a
-
Haken an Litze 17Hook on
strand 17 - 1818
- Hauptwelle der RundwebmaschineMain shaft of the circular loom
- 1919
- elliptisches Zahnradgetriebeelliptical gear transmission
- 19a, 19b19a, 19b
- elliptische Zahnräderelliptical gears
- 2020
- Zwischenwelleintermediate shaft
- 2121
- Zahnradgetriebegear transmission
- S1S1
- exzentrische Antriebswelleeccentric drive shaft
- C1C1
- Mitnehmer der exzentrischen AntriebswelleDriver of the eccentric drive shaft
- S2S2
- Kurbelwellecrankshaft
- C2C2
- Mitnehmerstein der KurbelwelleDriving stone of the crankshaft
- KK
- Korrekturabstandcorrection distance
- HH
- Hubhöhelifting height
- OTOT
- oberer TotpunktTop Dead Center
- UTsubtitles
- unterer Totpunktbottom dead center
Claims (21)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22154152.7A EP4219812A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2022-01-31 | Shedding mechanism for a circular loom and circular loom equipped therewith |
TW112101447A TW202346673A (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-01-12 | A weaving shed forming device of a circular loom and a circular loom equipped therewith |
PCT/EP2023/051300 WO2023144017A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-01-19 | Shed-forming device of a circular loom, and circular loom equipped with same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22154152.7A EP4219812A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2022-01-31 | Shedding mechanism for a circular loom and circular loom equipped therewith |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4219812A1 true EP4219812A1 (en) | 2023-08-02 |
Family
ID=80123095
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22154152.7A Withdrawn EP4219812A1 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2022-01-31 | Shedding mechanism for a circular loom and circular loom equipped therewith |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4219812A1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW202346673A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2023144017A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2811986A (en) * | 1952-11-28 | 1957-11-05 | Sagem | Loom |
US4694866A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-09-22 | Kuo Ching Huang | Shedding device for a circular weaving machine |
AT385060B (en) | 1980-07-09 | 1988-02-10 | Setafin Sa | STEM DRIVE ON A ROTARY WEAVING MACHINE |
EP3431643A1 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-23 | Starlinger & Co Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Circular loom |
-
2022
- 2022-01-31 EP EP22154152.7A patent/EP4219812A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-01-12 TW TW112101447A patent/TW202346673A/en unknown
- 2023-01-19 WO PCT/EP2023/051300 patent/WO2023144017A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2811986A (en) * | 1952-11-28 | 1957-11-05 | Sagem | Loom |
AT385060B (en) | 1980-07-09 | 1988-02-10 | Setafin Sa | STEM DRIVE ON A ROTARY WEAVING MACHINE |
US4694866A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1987-09-22 | Kuo Ching Huang | Shedding device for a circular weaving machine |
EP3431643A1 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-23 | Starlinger & Co Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Circular loom |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2023144017A1 (en) | 2023-08-03 |
TW202346673A (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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