EP4205265A1 - Ensemble machine électrique - Google Patents

Ensemble machine électrique

Info

Publication number
EP4205265A1
EP4205265A1 EP21749089.5A EP21749089A EP4205265A1 EP 4205265 A1 EP4205265 A1 EP 4205265A1 EP 21749089 A EP21749089 A EP 21749089A EP 4205265 A1 EP4205265 A1 EP 4205265A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical machine
rotor
stator
housing
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21749089.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Reimnitz
Ivo Agner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of EP4205265A1 publication Critical patent/EP4205265A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/08—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with two or more rows of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/005—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive incorporating leaf springs, flexible parts of reduced thickness or the like acting as pivots
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
    • F16D3/60—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members comprising pushing or pulling links attached to both parts
    • F16D3/62—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members comprising pushing or pulling links attached to both parts the links or their attachments being elastic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/003—Couplings; Details of shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/182—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to stators axially facing the rotor, i.e. with axial or conical air gap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
    • H02K2205/03—Machines characterised by thrust bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/09—Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical machine arrangement, comprising an electrical machine for driving an electrically drivable motor vehicle, having a stator and a rotor, and an output element which is in non-rotatable contact with the rotor.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical machine arrangement with an electrical machine that enables a design that is as compact and light as possible as well as sufficiently robust. This object is achieved by an electrical machine arrangement, comprising an electrical machine for driving an electrically drivable motor vehicle with the features of patent claim 1.
  • An electrical machine arrangement constructed according to the invention comprises an electrical machine with a stator and with a rotor and also comprises an output element which is in non-rotatable contact with the rotor.
  • an axially elastic length compensation element is arranged to transmit a torque between the rotor of the electric machine and the output element. This allows the desired axial length compensation to be achieved in a targeted manner and with a correspondingly positive (compensating) effect. If the axially elastic compensating element is arranged between the rotor and the output element, axial displacements between the output element and the stator of the electrical machine can be compensated for in the axially elastic element without the axial displacements of the output element being transmitted to the rotor.
  • the displacements of the output element would lead to an axial displacement of the rotor relative to the stator or to a deformation of the rotor and/or the stator. This prevents unwanted displacements or deformations from occurring in the electrical machine, which would have a negative impact on the properties of the electrical machine.
  • a torque-transmitting length compensation element is therefore proposed for the connection between an electric machine (eg an axial flux motor) and a unit of the drive train (eg a gearbox or the like) connected to the electric machine.
  • the axially soft but torque-transmitting connection prevents axial forces and/or axial displacements, which are caused by a transmission or another unit of the drive train, from being transmitted directly to the structure of the electrical machine.
  • the axially elastic length compensation element can be formed by a component that is axially elastic due to its elastic material or by a component that is movably arranged or guided in the axial direction (also itself configured as a non-elastic part).
  • the component arranged to be movable in the axial direction can also be subjected to spring force in the axial direction via a spring element or itself be formed from a material, as a result of which an axially elastic or axially movable effect can be achieved.
  • Electrical machines are used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and/or vice versa, and generally include a stationary part referred to as a stator, stand or armature and a part referred to as a rotor or runner and arranged movably relative to the stationary part.
  • a radial flux machine is characterized in that the magnetic field lines extend in the radial direction in the air gap formed between rotor and stator, while in the case of an axial flux machine the magnetic field lines extend in the axial direction in the air gap formed between rotor and stator.
  • the housing encloses the electrical machine.
  • a housing can also accommodate the control and power electronics.
  • the housing can also be part of a cooling system for the electric machine and can be designed in such a way that cooling fluid can be supplied to the electric machine via the housing and/or the heat can be dissipated to the outside via the housing surfaces.
  • the housing protects the electrical machine and any electronics that may be present from external influences.
  • the stator of a radial flow machine is usually constructed cylindrically and generally consists of electrical laminations that are electrically insulated from one another and are constructed in layers and packaged to form laminated cores. This structure keeps the eddy currents in the stator caused by the stator field low. Distributed over the circumference, grooves or peripherally closed recesses are let into the electrical lamination running parallel to the rotor shaft and accommodate the stator winding or parts of the stator winding. Depending on the construction towards the surface, the slots can be closed with locking elements such as locking wedges or covers or the like in order to prevent the stator winding from being detached.
  • a rotor is the spinning (rotating) part of an electrical machine.
  • the rotor generally comprises a rotor shaft and one or more rotor bodies arranged on the rotor shaft in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the rotor shaft can also be hollow, which on the one hand saves weight and on the other hand allows lubricant or coolant to be supplied to the rotor body.
  • the gap between the rotor and the stator is called the air gap.
  • a radial flux machine this is an axially extending annular gap with a radial width that corresponds to the distance between the rotor body and the stator body.
  • the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine such as an electrical drive machine of a motor vehicle designed as an axial flux machine, is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
  • the air gap that is formed in an axial flow machine is thus essentially in the form of a ring disk.
  • the magnetic flux in an electrical axial flux machine is directed axially in the air gap between the stator and rotor, parallel to the axis of rotation of the electrical machine.
  • Axial flux machines are differentiated, among other things with a view to their expansion, into axial flux machines in an (-arrangement and in axial flux machines in an H-arrangement.
  • An axial flux machine in an I-arrangement is understood as an electrical machine in which a single rotor disk of the electrical machine is placed between two stator halves of a stator is arranged on the electrical machine and can be acted upon by it with a rotary electromagnetic field.
  • An axial flow machine in an H arrangement is understood to be an electrical machine in which two rotor disks of a rotor of the electrical machine accommodate a stator of the electrical machine in the annular space located axially between them, through which the two rotor disks can be subjected to an electromagnetic rotating field.
  • the axially elastic length compensation element is designed in such a way that backlash-free power transmission is ensured in the direction of rotation for transmission of the torque. In this way, a direct, temporally undelayed power transmission to the output element coupled to the rotor can always be guaranteed.
  • the axially elastic compensating element is formed by at least one leaf spring or a leaf spring assembly - in particular a plurality of leaf springs or leaf spring assemblies distributed circumferentially - or is formed by a corrugated tube or is formed by an annular disk .
  • the advantageous effect of these configurations of a length compensation element is based on the fact that highly efficient means for axial length compensation between the electrical machine and an output element or between the stator of an electrical machine and a supporting component, such as a housing or the like, can be implemented with structurally simple means.
  • the axially elastic length compensation element is formed by at least one circumferentially arranged or a plurality of circumferentially distributed leaf springs or at least one leaf spring assembly or a plurality of circumferentially distributed leaf spring assemblies, and these are arranged and fastened in such a way that, seen in the circumferential direction in which the electric machine transmits the greater torque to the output element during operation, the fastening point of a leaf spring or a leaf spring assembly on the side facing the rotor, seen circumferentially, in front of the fastening point of the same leaf spring or of the same leaf spring assembly is on the side facing the output element, so that the greater torque can be transmitted to the output element in the form of a tangential tensile force via the axially elastic length compensation element.
  • the leaf springs are arranged in such a way that, viewed in the circumferential direction in which the motor transmits the greater torque to the downstream components during operation, the fastening point of the leaf springs on the rotor is arranged in front of the fastening points of the same leaf springs on the shaft, this allows The greatest torque of the engine in the form of a tangential tensile force can be transmitted very efficiently via the leaf springs to the shaft or a component connected to the shaft. In the other circumferential direction, in which the motor delivers the lower torque, the leaf springs then transmit this torque through compressive forces.
  • the invention can also be further developed in such a way that the electrical machine arrangement has a housing for accommodating the electrical machine, the housing forming the component supporting the stator and the stator being arranged at least in a rotationally fixed manner within the housing and the rotor being rotatable on the housing is stored.
  • This has the advantage that the supporting forces of the rotor are introduced directly into the housing and do not have to be transmitted via the stator.
  • the mechanical structure of The load on the stator is less severe and the load-bearing elements of the stator can be designed to be lighter, cheaper and more space-saving.
  • the electrical machine arrangement has a housing for accommodating the electrical machine, the stator being arranged in a rotationally fixed manner within the housing and the rotor being rotatably mounted on the stator.
  • a further optimization of the installation space can be achieved in this way. If the rotor is mounted directly on the stator, there is a very short tolerance chain between the components of the stator and the rotor. As a result, a precise alignment of all magnetically relevant components of the electrical machine can be achieved during assembly without complex subsequent adjustment processes.
  • the electric motor is not adversely affected by changes in the housing, such as those that can occur during vehicle operation, for example due to thermal expansion or elastic deformation.
  • the rotor is connected to the or an output element via a first axially elastic length compensation element and a second axially elastic length compensation element connected in series with the first axially elastic length compensation element with regard to the torque flow.
  • the advantage that can be realized in this way is that the forces to be balanced within the electrical machine arrangement can be distributed to different locations within the machine. This results in improved compensation behavior and is also an advantage with regard to a space-optimized design.
  • the axially elastic length compensation elements connected in series with regard to their axially elastic or axially movable properties can be arranged directly one behind the other or spatially spaced - for example on different sides of an axial flux machine constructed in an I-arrangement can be connected to the two axially spaced rotor halves. Due to the fact that the two axially elastic length compensation elements are arranged in two axially spaced planes and are coupled to one another by a torque-transmitting connecting element that can tilt about an axis orthogonal to the axis of rotation, not only an axial offset or an axial movement between the rotor and the driven element can be compensated for, but also a radial offset or a radial movement.
  • the axially elastic elements allow an angular offset between the axis of rotation of the rotor and the axis of rotation of the connecting element, and between the axis of rotation of the connecting element and the axis of rotation of the output element.
  • a further axially elastic length compensation element is provided, which is then arranged between the stator and the component supporting the stator, in particular between the stator and a housing of the electrical machine, resulting in additional length compensation can be implemented in the drive train of an electrically driven motor vehicle.
  • the length compensation element can be designed as an extension extending in the axial direction or in the radial direction, which is guided in some areas in a corresponding recess, the extension being connected either to the stator or to the component supporting the stator and the corresponding recess formed in the supporting component or in the stator.
  • the extension is designed as a pin and is movably mounted in the region of its guide in the corresponding receptacle for the axial compensation via an elastomer or other spring means.
  • the electrical machine is designed as an axial flow machine. Due to their mostly disc-shaped design (axial length of the motor is less than the motor diameter) and the air gaps between the rotor and stator, which are aligned orthogonally to the axial direction, axial flux machines are particularly sensitive to axial forces acting on them from the outside or axial displacements that move the rotor relative to the stator want.
  • the A disk-shaped design always tends to lead to rotor structures that are axially soft, and the air gaps aligned orthogonally to the axial direction mean that even small axial shape deviations have a strong negative effect on the efficiency of the electrical machine.
  • the proposed axialleatic length compensation elements which can protect an electrical machine from axial forces or displacements acting on it from the outside, are therefore particularly useful for axial flow machines.
  • the invention can also be advantageously implemented in such a way that the electrical machine arrangement has a first electrical machine designed as an axial flux machine and a second electrical machine designed as an axial flux machine arranged in a common housing, with the rotor of the first electrical machine on one axial side of the machine arrangement drives a first output element via a first axially elastic element and wherein the rotor of the second electric machine drives a second output element on the opposite axial side of the machine arrangement via a second axially elastic element.
  • a space- and weight-optimized arrangement of a twin motor can be provided—for example, for the independent, simultaneous drive of two wheels on a vehicle axle.
  • the output element can be designed as a shaft and can be mounted rotatably in the supporting component designed as a housing, as a result of which an optimized design with regard to the distribution of the forces to be balanced is made possible. If the electrical machine and the driven element, for example designed as a shaft, are supported on the same component, it is particularly easy to ensure that the electrical machine and the driven element are precisely aligned.
  • a functional integration in which a supporting component, for example a housing, supports and connects several components to one another is a particularly compact, robust and economical solution.
  • the invention and its indicated developments show an electrical machine arrangement that enables an improved connection to downstream components of the drive train of an electrically drivable motor vehicle.
  • the type of connection reduces the forces acting on the electrical machine from the outside. This enables a filigree, space-saving and economical construction of the machine arrangement, which ensures the required positioning accuracy within the arrangement.
  • Figure 1 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a first possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • Figure 2 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a second possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • Figure 3 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a third possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • Figure 4 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a fourth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a fifth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 6 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a sixth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 7 a detail of an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a further possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 8 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention with an electrical machine designed as a radial flux machine in a possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 9 shows an electrical machine arrangement according to the invention in a further embodiment with an electrical machine designed as a radial flux machine in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • All drawing figures, FIGS. 1-7, show different configurations of the invention using the example of differently designed axial flow machines—although the invention is not limited to axial flow machines, but rather can also be used in radial flow machines.
  • FIGS. 1-4 show exemplary embodiments of an electrical machine arrangement 1 with an electrical machine 2, the rotor 4 of an electrical machine 2 constructed in an I arrangement or in an H arrangement and designed as an axial flux machine being mounted directly on the stator 3.
  • FIGS. 5-6 Machine arrangements 1 with electrical machines 2 designed as axial flow machines are shown in FIGS. 5-6, in which the rotor 4 is mounted in side walls of the housing 7 in each case.
  • a detail of the machine arrangement 1 in FIG. 7 shows a torque support 8 of the stator 3 on the housing 7, through which a further length compensation is achieved.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 two approaches adapted to the radial flux machine are shown as representative of the other approaches that were explained exclusively using the example of the axial flux machine.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 in a first possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • the electrical machine arrangement 1 shown comprises two electrical machines 2 arranged next to one another in a common housing 7 and designed as axial flux motors in an H-arrangement.
  • the stators 3 of the electrical machines 2 are fastened to the housing 7 so as to be non-rotatable and preferably non-displaceable radially on the outside and carry a bearing point radially on the inside 611, 612 (consisting of two angular ball bearings in an O arrangement) via which the respective rotor 4 is mounted on the respective stator 3.
  • each rotor 4 comprises a section similar to a hollow shaft, which is connected to the respective stator 3 via the bearing point 611 , 612 and which is adjoined on the right and left by disk-shaped sections of the rotor 4 , which extend radially outward next to the stator 3 .
  • a stator 3 and the The two disc-shaped sections of a rotor 4 are the air gaps through which the axial magnetic flux of the motor runs.
  • a measuring surface is provided on the disc-shaped rotor section that faces away from the other electrical machine 2 in each case, which can be detected and evaluated by the rotor position sensor 20 attached to the housing 7 .
  • Both coupling elements 110 are each connected via a spline to a drive shaft Output element 100 connected.
  • the output shafts are each mounted via a further bearing point 621, 622 in the lateral walls of the housing 7 of the electrical machine.
  • a grounding ring 21 is provided between the coupling element 110 and the housing 7 , via which the currents induced in the rotor 4 can be discharged into the housing 7 .
  • Each output shaft is mounted in a side wall of the housing 7, through which it protrudes from the space in which the motors are located into the space in which their associated gear is located. In order to separate these two spaces from each other in an oil-tight manner, the shaft is sealed in the housing wall with a radial shaft seal.
  • the gearing is indicated in the figure by a toothed step 22 in each case.
  • the housing 7 is designed to be divided axially in the middle, as a result of which simplified assembly of the electrical machine arrangement 1 is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a second possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the axially flexible, torque-transmitting connection concept presented in FIG. 1 with electrical machines 2 designed as axial flux motors in an H arrangement can also be transferred to electrical machines 2 in an I arrangement.
  • two stators 3 each, each with two stator halves arranged in a stator housing and each receiving a rotor 4 in their center, are fastened radially on the outside to the housing 7 and each carry a bearing point 611, 612 radially on the inside, on which the rotor shaft W opposite Stator 3 or the stator housing is mounted.
  • each bearing point 611 , 612 which is located radially on the inside of one of the stator halves of a stator 3 , consists of an angular ball bearing that forms an O arrangement together with the second angular ball bearing on the second stator half 3 .
  • the rotor 4 is fixed to the rotor shaft W in each case and consists of a disc-shaped section which extends radially outwards between the two stator halves of a stator 3 .
  • the air gaps through which the axial magnetic flux of the electrical machine 2 runs are located between the two stator halves of a stator 3 and the rotor 4 .
  • the rotors 4 of the electrical machines 2 shown in Figure 2 transmit the torques caused by the magnetic springs of the motors to the rotor shaft (sections) W.
  • the rotor shaft W is connected to the output element 100 or the downstream element via leaf springs 51 Aggregate of the drive train, such as a transmission connected.
  • the rotor shaft W is connected via a spline to a coupling element 110, to which a plurality of leaf spring assemblies 51 distributed over the circumference are fastened.
  • Each leaf spring assembly 51 extending approximately tangentially (in the circumferential direction) is attached (eg riveted) with its other end region of the tangential extent to a connecting flange attached (eg welded) to the output shaft.
  • the leaf spring assembly shown in FIG. 2 is shown turned by about 90° in the figure for a better overview, in order to be able to show the two connection points of the leaf spring assembly 51 in the sectional plane of FIG. In a real structure, however, a tangential alignment of the leaf springs makes more sense.
  • the spline between the rotor shaft W of the electrical machine 2 and the coupling element 110 represents a simple assembly interface for the electrical machine 2.
  • the common housing 7 of the two electrical machines 2 can be divided in the middle, so that the motors , after the transmission has already been installed and tested in its housing area behind the side wall, can be inserted laterally into the housing half.
  • the motor is inserted into the housing half, the two spline contours of the coupling element 110 and the rotor shaft W are pushed into one another and a positive connection is thus created.
  • a rotor position sensor 20 is placed at one bearing of the rotor shaft W on the left motor and a grounding ring 21 at the other bearing.
  • the rotor shaft W is welded to a connecting disk (coupling element 110), which forms the measuring surface for the rotor position sensor 20.
  • the connecting disk is also used to transmit torque between the motor and the output element 100 (gear).
  • a corrugated tube 52 eg metal bellows
  • a connecting element 111 connected (eg welded) to the drive shaft (output element 100).
  • This corrugated tube 52 is arranged concentrically to the rotor axis of the electrical machine 2 and is welded to the connecting disk on one side and to a connecting ring 112 on the other side.
  • the connecting ring 112 is screwed to the connecting element 111 by a plurality of radially arranged screws. Even after the electrical machine 2 has been installed in the housing 7, the screws are accessible through radial openings in the housing 7 that can be closed with covers.
  • the corrugated tube 52 is elastic in the axial direction and sufficiently torsionally rigid in the circumferential direction. Like the leaf springs 51 described above and the flexplate 53 described below, the corrugated tube 52 is a possible embodiment for an axially soft but torque-transmitting connection.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 each show an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a third or fourth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show two exemplary embodiments in which the axially soft but torque-transmitting connecting element - also referred to as an axially elastic length compensation element 5 within the scope of the invention - is arranged on the side of the electrical machine 2 facing away from the transmission or the output element 100.
  • an axially elastic length compensation element 5 designed as a flexplate or as an annular disk 53 is fastened radially on the outside. For this purpose, centering and riveting points are distributed over the circumference of the rotor 4 .
  • the flexplate is connected (riveted) to a hub (coupling element 110) radially on the inside, which is connected to the output element 100 (transmission input shaft) designed as a drive shaft via a positive connection (spline).
  • the flexplate is a concentric to the axis of rotation
  • the thin disk arranged on the electrical machine 2 e.g. a thin sheet metal disk made of spring steel or a package of several thin sheet metal disks lying one on top of the other), which is located radially on the outside at several points distributed on the circumference on one component and radially on the inside at several points distributed on the circumference on one component other component is attached.
  • the flexplate can transmit torque from radially outside to radially inside and vice versa, at the same time, due to its thin, flat shape, the flexplate is axially soft in the direction of the axis of rotation of the electrical machine 2 (orthogonal to the sheet metal plane of the flexplate) and can thus accommodate axial displacements between the electrical machine 2 and the output element 100 balance.
  • the stator 3 of the electrical machine 2 is fastened to the housing 7 and the rotor 4 is rotatably mounted on the stator 3.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment in which the transmission input shaft is supported radially and axially on one side with a bearing 622 on the lateral housing wall of the housing 7 and on the other side additionally radially via the hub (or the coupling element 110) and the flexplate (Annular disk 53) can be supported radially on the rotor 4 of the electric machine 2. Since the axial distance between the flexplate and the bearing 622 supporting the transmission input shaft on the housing wall is large, small axial offset errors between the transmission and the rotor 4 of the electric machine 2 can be compensated for by a slight misalignment of the output element 100 designed as a drive shaft.
  • the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 4 is very similar to that from FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a fifth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 5 shows that even in the case of electrical machines 2 whose rotor 4 is not mounted directly on the stator 3, an axially soft, torque-transmitting connection to the downstream components of the drive train is possible.
  • FIG. 5 shows an axial flux motor in an H arrangement, the rotor 4 of which is mounted on the right and left on or in the side walls of the housing 7 via bearing points 631, 632. So that the deformations caused by the transmission and/or other assemblies of the drive train (e.g. a vehicle wheel) connected to the electric machine 2 do not have a negative effect on the electric machine 2, not only the shaft has to be supported with this type of bearing of the rotor 4 but also the side wall of the housing 7, on which the rotor 4 is supported, can be considered.
  • the transmission and/or other assemblies of the drive train e.g. a vehicle wheel
  • a separate support wall 71 was provided for the transmission, which is bolted to the side of the housing 7 . Since the transmission now supports its axial forces on its own support wall 71 and does not transmit the axial forces to the same housing side wall on which the rotor 4 is mounted, no unwanted constraining forces and/or displacements are transmitted from the housing side wall to the rotor 4.
  • the transmission input shaft or the output element 100 is again connected to the rotor 4 via leaf springs 51 (as already shown in FIG. 1), so that displacements of the shaft do not have a negative effect on the rotor 4 either.
  • the separate support wall 71 for the transmission also has the advantage that this wall can be made from a different material than the rest of the transmission or the housing 7. It is thus possible, for example, to produce the support wall 71 from steel in order to achieve the high modulus of elasticity to reduce the deformations and to make the other housing components from aluminum to save weight.
  • FIG. 5 shows, by way of example, that in the exemplary embodiments presented here there is space radially on the inside in order to insert a separate shaft through the electrical machine arrangement 1 described here. This is particularly useful for e-axles, where torque is to be transmitted from a gearbox arranged on one side of the e-motor to both wheels of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 6 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a sixth possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the electric machine 2 is not only protected against axial displacements of the neighboring components, but also axis offset and angular errors between the electric machine 2 and a unit of the drive train receiving the torque of the electric machine 2 can be compensated.
  • the difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 and the embodiment shown in FIG Rotor 4 is running. According to FIG.
  • the rotor 4 is connected to a connecting sleeve 113 via a first axially flexible, torque-transmitting connection point (or via a first axially elastic length compensation element 5).
  • This connecting sleeve 113 is then connected to the transmission input shaft (output element 100) via a second axially flexible, torque-transmitting connection point (or via a second axially elastic length compensation element 5).
  • the connecting sleeve 113 between the two axially elastic length compensation elements 5 slightly inclined relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor 4 and / or to the axis of rotation of the transmission input shaft (of the output element 100). Due to the inclined position of the connecting sleeve 113 in relation to one or both neighboring systems, the connecting sleeve 113 can compensate for angular errors, axis offsets and wobbling movements of the neighboring systems.
  • FIG. 7 shows a detail of an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a further possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • the stator 3 is supported in the direction of rotation with the interposition of a further length compensation element—here in the form of a torque support 8—and is connected to the housing 7 in an at least axially movable manner relative to the housing 7 .
  • the torque support 8 is designed as an extension 81 fixed in a wall of the housing 7 and extending in the axial direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the electric machine 2, which is guided in certain areas in a corresponding receptacle 30 in the body or in the housing of the stator 3.
  • the extension 81 designed as a pin is movably mounted in the region of its guide, in the corresponding receptacle 30 for the axial compensation, via an elastomer or other spring means.
  • a supply line 9 is shown, which is supplied to the stator housing from above through the housing wall—for example, in order to supply it with cooling liquid.
  • the supply line 9 is designed to be elastic in some areas, which is illustrated here by a section designed as a corrugated tube. As a result, the supply line can also compensate for the undesired movements between the stator 3 and the housing 7 and help to avoid voltages occurring within the electrical machine 2 .
  • FIG. 8 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention with an electrical machine 2 designed as a radial flow machine in a possible embodiment in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • the embodiment shown here with a radial flux machine essentially corresponds in terms of design and functionality to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 with an axial flux machine.
  • FIG. 8 shows a radial flux motor whose rotor 4 is mounted on the right and left on or in the side walls of the housing 7 via bearing points 631, 632. So that the deformations caused by the transmission and/or other assemblies of the drive train (e.g.
  • the separate support wall 71 for the transmission also has the advantage that this wall can be made from a different material than the rest of the transmission or the housing 7. It is thus possible, for example, to produce the support wall 71 from steel in order to achieve the high modulus of elasticity to reduce the deformations and to make the other housing components from aluminum to save weight.
  • FIG. 8 shows, by way of example, that in the exemplary embodiments presented here there is space radially on the inside in order to insert a separate shaft through the electrical machine arrangement 1 described here. This is particularly useful for e-axles, where torque is to be transmitted from a gearbox arranged on one side of the e-motor to both wheels of the vehicle. The transmission of torque from the transmission to the wheel arranged on the other side of the electric motor can then take place via this separate shaft inserted through the electric motor radially on the inside.
  • FIG. 9 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a further embodiment with an electrical machine 2 designed as a radial flux machine in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • the embodiment shown here with a radial flux machine essentially corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 with an axial flux machine in terms of basic design and functionality.
  • FIG. 9 shows an electrical machine arrangement 1 according to the invention in a further possible embodiment with an electrical machine 2 designed as a radial flux machine in an axial section in a schematic representation.
  • FIG. 9 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the electrical machine 2 is not only protected against axial displacements of the neighboring components, but also against axial displacement and angular errors can be compensated between the electric machine 2 and the torque of the electric machine 2 receiving assembly of the drive train.
  • two axially elastic length compensation elements 5 are used instead of just one axial length compensation element 5.
  • two axially elastic length compensation elements 5 are connected in series between the rotor 4 and the output element 100 and are connected via a connector ring.
  • the rotor 4 is connected to a connector ring 114 via a first axially soft, torque-transmitting connection point (or via a first axially elastic length compensation element 5 in the form of an annular disk 53 (flexplate)).
  • This connector ring 114 is then connected to the transmission input shaft (output element 100) via a second axially flexible, torque-transmitting connection point (or via a second axially elastic length compensation element 5—here in the form of a leaf spring assembly 51). Since the axially elastic length compensation elements 5 can not only compensate for axial deformations, but also for an angular offset between the two axes of rotation of the adjacent assemblies, the connector ring 114 between the two axially elastic length compensation elements 5 can tilt slightly relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor 4 and/or to the axis of rotation of the Transmission input shaft (of the output element 100).
  • the connector ring 114 Due to the inclined position of the connector ring 114 in relation to one or both neighboring systems, the connector ring 114 can compensate for angular errors, axis offsets and wobbling movements of the neighboring systems.
  • the transmission with its transmission input shaft is only to be understood here as an example of a unit of the drive train that absorbs the torque of the electric machine 2 .
  • the functional principle described here also works when the electrical machine 2 is connected to another unit or to another element.
  • the other solutions shown for axial flux machines can also be transferred to the radial flux machine, as is the case here using two example solutions transferred to the radial flux machine.
  • the axially elastic length compensation elements 5, 51, 52, 53 shown in the exemplary embodiments are always only shown as examples for elements with these properties. In all of the exemplary embodiments, differently designed elements can always be used, for example leaf springs 51, annular disks 53 (flex plates) or corrugated bellows or corrugated tubes 52.
  • the design of the elastic, torque-transmitting elements is not limited to the three exemplary embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble machine électrique (1) comprenant une machine électrique (2) pour l'entraînement d'un véhicule automobile électrique, composée d'un stator (3) et d'un rotor (4), et comprenant un élément de sortie (100) qui est en contact bloqué en rotation avec le rotor (4). Selon l'invention, un élément de compensation de longueur axialement élastique (5) destiné à transmettre un couple est disposé entre la machine électrique (2) et l'élément de sortie (100).
EP21749089.5A 2020-08-26 2021-07-21 Ensemble machine électrique Pending EP4205265A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020122249.1A DE102020122249A1 (de) 2020-08-26 2020-08-26 Elektrische Maschinenanordnung
PCT/DE2021/100632 WO2022042790A1 (fr) 2020-08-26 2021-07-21 Ensemble machine électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4205265A1 true EP4205265A1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21749089.5A Pending EP4205265A1 (fr) 2020-08-26 2021-07-21 Ensemble machine électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230307991A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4205265A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN116134708A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020122249A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022042790A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10140362A1 (de) * 2001-08-17 2003-03-06 Yu-Fang Fan Motor/Generator des Seitenrotationstyps
US9071096B2 (en) * 2011-11-09 2015-06-30 Siemens Energy, Inc. Clamping structure for a stator core
DE102012221618A1 (de) 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hybridmodul und Drehmomentübertragungseinrichtung
DE102015211277A1 (de) * 2015-06-18 2016-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Antriebsaggregat für ein Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Personenkraftfahrzeug
DE102019110891A1 (de) 2019-04-26 2020-10-29 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Hybridmodul sowie Antriebsstrang für ein Kraftfahrzeug

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WO2022042790A1 (fr) 2022-03-03
US20230307991A1 (en) 2023-09-28
CN116134708A (zh) 2023-05-16
DE102020122249A1 (de) 2022-03-03

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