Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
  • B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
  • B32B17/10128—Treatment of at least one glass sheet
  • B32B17/10146—Face treatment, e.g. etching, grinding or sand blasting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
  • B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
  • B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
  • B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
  • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
  • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
  • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
  • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
  • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/418—Refractive
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
  • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
  • B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
  • B32B2307/7376—Thickness

Definitions

• TITLE ANTI-SUN GLASS ELEMENT WITH DIFFUSED REFLECTION
• the invention relates to glazed solar protection elements with diffuse reflection. They can be made for example based on glass or polymeric organic material. They are likely to be used for all known glazing applications, such as for vehicles, in particular automobile roofs, buildings, street furniture, interior furnishings, or display supports or projection screens, etc.
• Solar glazing must allow a sufficient quantity of light to pass through while not letting through all of the incident solar radiation so as not to overheat the interior of the vehicle or building.
• Diffuse-reflecting glazed elements provide a transparent projection screen. Glazed elements with diffuse reflection have already been used for building facades as well as in the automotive field. For example, the integration of a screen in a windshield has already been proposed.
• a glazed element with diffuse reflection properties is an element which gives rise to specular transmission and diffuse reflection of incident radiation on the glazing.
• reflection is said to be diffuse when radiation incident on the element with a given angle of incidence is reflected by the element in a plurality of directions.
• the reflection by an element is said to be specular when a radiation incident on the element with a given angle of incidence is reflected by the element with an angle of reflection equal to the angle of incidence.
• transmission through an element is said to be diffuse when radiation incident on the element with a given angle of incidence is transmitted through the element in a plurality of directions, while transmission through an element is said to be specular when radiation incident on the element with a given angle of incidence is transmitted by the element with a transmission angle equal to the angle of incidence.
• a transparent element with diffuse reflection properties is described in patent application WO 2012/104547 A1 in the name of the applicant.
• the specular transmission results from the fact that the two external substrates have smooth external main surfaces and are made of materials having substantially the same refractive index.
• the diffuse reflection comes from the fact that each contact surface between two adjacent layers of different refractive indices is textured.
• the reflection diffuse has the advantage of not returning sharp reflections, which reduces the risk of dazzling, for example when vehicle headlights are reflected on the glazing.
• the elements described in the examples have light transmissions of between 35 and 77%, which does not correspond to the target sought by the present invention. These elements are not sunscreens.
• Document FR 3 047 439 A1 in the name of the applicant, describes a decorative laminated glass, comprising two substrates each comprising a microstructured surface and comprising a reflective coating.
• the laminated glass described does not have any property allowing a screen function; it is used as decorative glass. It does not have any antisolar properties. Its light transmission is 34%, which is above the intended target.
• the application WO2015/063418 A1 in the name of the applicant, describes a layered, transparent element, with diffuse reflection.
• the elements described include a textured surface and include an absorbing element which makes it possible to limit the light transmission, and therefore the energy input and which makes it possible to increase the contrast of the screen.
• One of the purposes of this description is to increase the clarity of vision through the glazing for an observer placed on the less luminous side, and thus avoid the perception of blurring or “dirty glazing”.
• One of the goals is also to increase the interior reflection (useful) compared to the exterior reflection (parasitic). This document does not cover solar glazing with low solar factors.
• the solar protection function requires maximizing the exterior energy reflection which is linked to the exterior light reflection (RL). While the screen function requires maximizing the indoor RL / outdoor RL ratio.
• a low TL requires an absorption function which is difficult to position without disturbing other requirements.
• the document US 2014/0377580 In the field of automobile roofs, the document US 2014/0377580 is known. It describes solar protection laminated glazing. It comprises a solar protection layer on the internal face of the external substrate (face 2), and a heat protection layer on the internal face of the internal substrate (face 4); this layer also having the purpose of reducing the light transmission.
• face 2 the faces of a glazing are designated starting from the outside of the building and by numbering the faces of the substrates from the outside towards the inside of the passenger compartment or the room it equips. This means that the incident sunlight passes through the faces in increasing order of their number.
• laminated glazing all the faces of the transparent substrates are numbered but the faces of the lamination inserts are not numbered. Face 1 is outside the building and therefore constitutes the outer wall of the glazing, face 4 is inside the building and therefore constitutes the inner wall of the glazing, faces 2 and 3 being in contact with the interlayer of leafing.
• Document WO2019/110172 also describes laminated solar control glazing, in particular for automobile roofs. It aims for high thermal performance (lowest possible TTS) in combination with a light transmission of between 2 and 10% and a constant interior light reflection of less than 6% or even less than 4%, which is incompatible with a function screen.
• the object of the invention is therefore to overcome these drawbacks by developing a glazed element, in particular a laminated glazing structure, having both good optical and thermal performance, while guaranteeing the desired screen function.
• the desired optical performances are a light transmission of between 2 and 30%, preferably between 3 and 20% (measured under illuminant A and the observer CIExyz 2° 1931), an interior light reflection greater than 13%, preferably greater than 20% (measured under illuminant A and the CIExyz 2° 1931 observer) and a solar factor (TTS) of less than 32%, preferably less than 29% (measured according to the IS09050 standard).
• the solar factor “FS or g” corresponds the ratio in % between the total energy entering the room through the glazing and the incident solar energy.
• TTS total solar transmittance
• Known selective glazing comprises transparent substrates coated with a functional coating comprising a stack of several metallic functional layers, each placed between two dielectric coatings.
• These functional coatings are generally obtained by a succession of deposits made by cathode sputtering possibly assisted by a magnetic field.
• the subject of the present invention is a laminated glazing structure comprising at least two transparent substrates separated by a lamination insert, the first substrate being arranged on the exterior side of the glazing structure and the second substrate being arranged on the interior side of the glazing, each substrate comprising two main faces, characterized in that it comprises:
• the microstructured surface being placed between the lamination insert and the second substrate.
• the object of the invention also covers the case where the same coating fulfills the solar control properties and the reflective properties.
• reflective properties we mean reflective at least in the visible spectrum but the coating can also reflect in higher and/or lower wavelengths.
• Rdq we mean the average slope measured according to the ISO 4287 standard.
• the method of measuring microstructured surfaces is as follows
• the device for measuring the topography of the textured glass is a Micromesure 2 station from STIL SA.
• the station is equipped with a confocal chromatic imaging sensor (CCS PRIMA) for non-contact measurement.
• CCS PRIMA confocal chromatic imaging sensor
• the measuring head consists of a confocal chromatic sensor without Everest K1 reference contact, the characteristics of which are as follows:
• MOUNTAINS MAP V7.2 from Digital Surf Low pass Gaussian filtering with a cut-off length of 15 microns (filters micro-roughness)
• the absorbent element is arranged, with respect to the microstructured surface, towards the outer side of the glazing structure.
• the microstructured surface has an Rdq of less than 15°, preferably less than 10°.
• the absorbent element has a minimum absorption of 50%, preferably of minimum 65%.
• the reflective coating is placed between two materials with substantially the same refractive index.
• substantially the same refractive index it is meant that the difference between the refractive indices at 550 nm is less than 0.15, preferably less than 0.05 and even more preferably less than 0.015.
• the reflective coating has an RL greater than 5%, preferably greater than 7% and even more preferably greater than 10%.
• the functional solar control coating is placed between the first substrate and the lamination insert.
• the functional coating is deposited in contact with the micro-textured surface and also constitutes the coating having reflective properties.
• the functional coating comprises one or more metallic functional layers, in particular based on silver, each placed between two dielectric coatings.
• the structure further comprises a low-emissivity coating, preferably placed on the main face of the second substrate, facing the interior side of the structure (face 4).
• the low-emissivity coating has, in particular, an emissivity of less than 36%, preferably less than 34%. It may include a transparent conductive layer whose thickness is between 40 and 70 nm.
• the second substrate is preferably a clear glass.
• the first substrate is an absorbent element, in particular a tinted glass.
• the intermediate element is an absorbent element, in particular tinted. It is not excluded that the absorption is carried out both by the first substrate and by the intermediate element.
• the microstructured surface can be obtained, for example, by one of the following methods: acid etching, sandblasting, embossing, texturing by laser or possibly by hot stamping.
• acid etching etching, sandblasting, embossing, texturing by laser or possibly by hot stamping.
• a method that achieves a very fine structure is preferred, such as acid etching.
• the microstructured surface can be produced on the second substrate (side 3 of the laminated structure) or can also consist of a textured film deposited between the lamination insert and the second substrate.
• the structure according to the invention has in particular:
• a solar factor TTS comprised between 14 and 32%, preferably comprised between 14 and 29%, and even more preferably comprised between 16 and 25%;
• the substrates of the structure according to the invention can be made of glass, in particular silico-soda-lime or of polymeric organic material. Conventionally, refractive indices are measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
• Rint corresponds to the interior light reflection in the visible in %, observer on the interior space side
• the TTS factor corresponds to the total amount of heat transmitted through the glazing and is calculated according to the IS09050 standard.
• the emissivity considered here is the normal emissivity at 283 K and calculated according to standard EN12898.
• the functional coating and/or the low emissive (“low E”) coating are deposited by cathodic sputtering assisted by a magnetic field (magnetron process). According to this advantageous embodiment, all the layers of the coatings are deposited by sputtering assisted by a magnetic field.
• the expressions “above” and “below” do not necessarily mean that two layers and/or coatings are arranged in contact with one another. When it is specified that a layer is deposited "in contact” with another layer or a coating, this means that there cannot be one (or more) interposed layer(s) between these two layers (or layer and coating).
• the expression "based on”, used to qualify a material or a layer as to what it or it contains, means that the mass fraction of the constituent which he or she comprises is at least 50%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 90%.
• the thicknesses referred to in this document without further details are physical, real or geometric thicknesses referred to and are expressed in nanometers (and not optical thicknesses).
• the refractive index being a dimensionless value, we can consider that the unit of the optical thickness is that chosen for the physical thickness.
• a dielectric coating corresponds to a sequence of layers comprising at least one dielectric layer. If a dielectric coating is composed of several dielectric layers, the optical thickness of the dielectric coating corresponds to the sum of the optical thicknesses of the various dielectric layers constituting the dielectric coating.
• an absorbing layer which absorbs solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum is a layer which absorbs certain wavelengths in the visible.
• the optical index of an absorber layer can be decomposed into a real part and an imaginary part.
• the real part, n, is the refractive index.
• the imaginary part or attenuation factor k is related to the absorption of light by the layer.
• the light transmission corresponds to the transmission of solar radiation in the visible part of the spectrum
• the functional coating may comprise one or more metallic functional layers, preferably silver-based, each disposed between two dielectric coatings.
• the functional coating may in particular comprise one, two, three or four metallic functional layers. According to these embodiments:
• the functional coating comprises at least one functional metal layer based on silver, or
• the functional coating comprises at least two functional metal layers based on silver, or - the functional coating comprises at least three functional metal layers based on silver.
• the silver-based metallic functional layers comprise at least 95.0%, preferably at least 96.5% and better still at least 98.0% by weight of silver relative to the weight of the functional layer.
• a silver-based functional metallic layer comprises less than 1.0% by mass of metals other than silver relative to the mass of the silver-based functional metallic layer.
• the thicknesses of the functional metal layers are substantially identical.
• the stack may further comprise at least one blocking layer located in contact with a functional metal layer.
• the blocking layers traditionally have the function of protecting the functional layers from possible degradation during the deposition of the upper antireflection coating and during possible high-temperature heat treatment, of the annealing, bending and/or tempering type.
• the blocking layers are chosen from metal layers based on a metal or a metal alloy, metal nitride layers, metal oxide layers and metal oxynitride layers of one or more elements chosen from titanium, nickel, chromium and niobium such as a layer of Ti, TiN, TiOx, Nb, NbN, Ni, Ni N, Cr, CrN, NiCr, NiCrN.
• metal nitride layers metal oxide layers and metal oxynitride layers of one or more elements chosen from titanium, nickel, chromium and niobium such as a layer of Ti, TiN, TiOx, Nb, NbN, Ni, Ni N, Cr, CrN, NiCr, NiCrN.
• the blocking layer or layers satisfy one or more of the following conditions:
• each functional metallic layer is in contact with at least one blocking layer chosen from among a blocking underlayer and a blocking overlayer, and/or
• each functional metal layer is in contact with a blocking overlayer, and/or
• each blocking layer is at least 0.1 nm, preferably between 0.2 and 2.0 nm.
• the dielectric coatings of the functional coatings satisfy one or more of the following conditions:
• the dielectric layers can be based on oxide or nitride of one or more elements chosen from among silicon, zirconium, titanium, aluminum, tin, zinc, and/or
• At least one dielectric coating comprises at least one barrier function dielectric layer, and/or
• each dielectric coating comprises at least one barrier function dielectric layer, and/or
• the barrier function dielectric layers are based on silicon and/or aluminum compounds chosen from oxides such as SiO2 and Al2O3, silicon nitrides SisN4 and AlN and oxynitrides SiO x N y and AlO x N y , based on zinc and tin oxide or based on titanium oxide,
• the barrier function dielectric layers are based on silicon and/or aluminum compounds, optionally comprising at least one other element, such as aluminum, hafnium and zirconium, and/or
• At least one dielectric coating comprises at least one dielectric layer with a stabilizing function
• each dielectric coating comprises at least one dielectric layer with a stabilizing function
• the dielectric layers with a stabilizing function are preferably based on an oxide chosen from zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide or a mixture of at least two of them, and/where
• the dielectric layers with stabilizing function are preferably based on crystallized oxide, in particular based on zinc oxide, optionally doped with at least one other element, such as aluminum, and/or
• each functional layer is above a dielectric coating, the upper layer of which is a dielectric layer with a stabilizing function, preferably based on zinc oxide and/or below a dielectric coating, the lower layer of which is a dielectric layer with a stabilizing function, preferably based on zinc oxide.
• each coating comprises at least one dielectric layer consisting of:
• These dielectric layers have a thickness:
• the functional coating may optionally include a top protective layer.
• the protective layer can be chosen from a layer of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc and/or tin, this or these metals being in metallic, oxidized or nitrided form.
• the transparent substrates according to the invention are preferably made of a rigid mineral material, such as glass, or organic based on polymers (or polymer).
• the organic transparent substrates according to the invention can also be made of polymer, rigid or flexible.
• polymers suitable according to the invention include, in particular:
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PBT polybutylene terephthalate
• PEN polyethylene naphthalate
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
• fluoropolymers such as fluoroesters such as ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers (FEP);
• fluoroesters such as ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE), fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers (FEP);
• photocrosslinkable and/or photopolymerizable resins such as thiolene, polyurethane, urethane-acrylate, polyester-acrylate and
• the substrate is preferably a sheet of glass.
• the glass is preferably of the silico-sodo-lime type, but it can also be of borosilicate or alumino-borosilicate type glass.
• the substrates can undergo a heat treatment at high temperature such as annealing, for example by flash annealing such as laser annealing or flame treatment, quenching and/or bending.
• the heat treatment temperature is greater than 400°C, preferably greater than 450°C, and better still greater than 500°C.
• the laminated glazing according to the invention makes it possible to achieve in particular the following performances:
• - values of a* and b* in external reflection comprised, in increasing order of preference, between -10 and +5, between -8 and +3, between -6 and 0; and or
• - values of a* and b* in internal reflection comprised, in increasing order of preference, between -10 and +5, between -6 and +5, between -3 and +1; and or
• a glazed structure was made with the following elements:
• a first substrate in clear glass 2 mm thick is intended to be positioned towards the outside of the passenger compartment.
• a stack of thin mono Ag layers was deposited by magnetron on the face intended to face the interior of the structure (face 2).
• the stack comprises a SisN4 (52 nm) dielectric layer/ a metallic layer of Ag (12.6 nm)/a blocking layer NiCr (7.3 nm) Z a dielectric layer Si 3 N 4 (71.2 nm).
• This substrate is textured on its main face facing the interior of the structure, so that the Rdq is 4.1°
• the micro-texturing method consists of an acid attack on the glass substrate.
• the two substrates are laminated in the traditional way, using a traditional clear PVB type interlayer (thickness 0.76 mm).
• the same structure as in example 1 is made, with the exception of the lamination insert which is replaced by a tinted PVB type insert whose light transmission is 28% when laminated between two clear glasses 2mm thick.
• the thicknesses of the thin layers of the solar control coating are adapted so that the TL of the whole structure remains between 5 and 10% and the colors remain neutral.
• the stack includes:
• a glazed structure was made with the following elements:
• a first substrate 2 mm thick, in tinted glass whose TL for a thickness of 4 mm is 10% is intended to be positioned towards the outside of the passenger compartment.
• a stack of thin mono Ag layers was deposited by magnetron on the face intended to face the interior of the structure (face 2).
• the stack includes:
• the second 2 mm thick substrate is made of clear glass. This substrate is textured on its main face facing the interior of the structure so that the Rdq is 4.1°.
• the micro-texturing method consists of an acid attack on the glass substrate.
• the two substrates are laminated in the traditional manner, using a traditional clear PVB type interlayer.
• a stack comprising a low E layer of the ITO type (“Indium Tin Oxide” or indium-tin oxide) 55 nm thick, protected by dielectric coatings, is deposited on the face opposite the microstructured face.
• ITO Indium Tin Oxide
• indium-tin oxide indium-tin oxide
• the emissivity of the stack is 33%.
• the thicknesses of the thin layers of the solar control coating are adapted so that the TL of the whole structure remains between 5 and 10% and the colors remain neutral.
• the stack comprises: SisN 4 (21.4 nm)/Ag (5.9 nm)/NiCr (6.3 nm SisN 4 (42.9 nm).
• Table 1 below lists the main optical characteristics of the structures obtained according to the comparative examples.
• a glazed structure was made with the following elements:
• a first substrate 2 mm thick, in tinted glass whose TL for a thickness of 4 mm is 10%, is intended to be positioned towards the outside of the passenger compartment.
• the stack includes:
• SisN4 (26.2 nm)/ Ag (5.3 nm) / NiCr (6.2 nm)/ SisN4 (45.5 nm).
• a second substrate 2 mm thick, in clear glass, is intended to be positioned towards the interior of the passenger compartment.
• This substrate is textured on its main face facing the interior of the structure, so that the Rdq is 4.1°.
• the micro-texturing method consists of an acid attack on the glass substrate.
• a layer of titanium oxide (TiO2) 60 nm thick is deposited, conformally, on the microtextured surface of the second substrate.
• the layer has a constant thickness so that it follows the texture of the substrate.
• Both substrates are laminated in the traditional way, using a traditional clear PVB type interlayer.
• Example 2 The same structure as in Example 1 according to the invention is made with the exception of the lamination insert which is replaced by a tinted PVB whose light transmission is 28% when it is laminated between two glasses. clear 2 mm thick.
• the thicknesses of the thin layers of the solar control coating are adapted so that the stack comprises:
• SisN4 (55.8 nm) / Ag (5.2 nm) / NiCr (0.1 nm) / SiaN4 (47.4 nm).
• Example 1 The same structure as in Example 1 according to the invention is produced.
• a stack comprising an ITO-type low E layer 55 nm thick, protected by dielectric coatings, is deposited on the face opposite the microstructured face.
• the emissivity of the stack is 33%.
• the solar control coating stack includes:
• SisN4 (19.7 nm) / Ag (7.1 nm) / NiCr (4.9 nm) / SiaN4 (58.0 nm).
• a stack comprising an ITO-type low E layer 55 nm thick, protected by dielectric coatings, is deposited on the face opposite the microstructured face.
• the emissivity of the stack is 33%.
• the solar control stack includes:
• SisN4 (37.8 nm) / Ag (5.2 nm) / NiCr (0.1 nm) / SiaN4 (45.3 nm).
• a glazed structure was made with the following elements:
• a stack of thin mono-Ag layers was deposited by magnetron on face 2 of the first substrate, 2 mm thick, in clear glass, intended to be positioned towards the outside of the cockpit.
• the stack includes:
• SisN4 (50.2 nm)/ Ag (7.4 nm) / NiCr (7.3 nm)/ SiaN4 (15.1 nm).
• the second 2 mm thick substrate is made of clear glass. This substrate is textured on one side such that the Rdq is 4.1°.
• the micro-texturing method consists of an acid attack on the glass substrate.
• a layer of titanium oxide (TiC>2) 60 nm thick is deposited, conformally, on the microtextured surface of the second substrate. The layer has a constant thickness so that it matches the texture of the substrate.
• a stack comprising an ITO-type low E layer 55 nm thick, protected by dielectric coatings, is deposited on the face opposite the microstructured face.
• the emissivity of the stack is 33%.
• the two substrates are laminated in the traditional way, using a tinted PVB type interlayer whose light transmission is 28% when laminated between two 2 mm thick clear glasses.
• Example 5 The same structure as in Example 5 according to the invention is produced even with a bi-Ag sunscreen coating.
• the stack includes:
• Si 3 N 4 (50.4 nm)/ Ag (5.5 nm) / NiCr (4.8 nm)/ Si 3 N 4 (27.3 nm)/ Ag (6.0 nm) / NiCr (1 , 4 nm) / Si 3 N 4 (24.1 nm).
• Example 6 The same structure as in Example 6 according to the invention is produced by replacing the TiO2 layer with a 60 nm SiZrN layer.
• the stack comprises: Si 3 N 4 (67.3 nm)/Ag (6.1 nm)/NiCr (3.0 nm)/Si 3 N 4 (35.2 nm)/Ag (9.8 nm) / NiCr (0.6 nm)/ Si 3 N 4 (42.3 nm).
• a glazed structure was made with the following elements:
• the first substrate intended to be positioned towards the outside of the passenger compartment is a 2 mm thick tinted glass whose TL for a thickness of 4 mm is 10%.
• a stack of thin mono-Ag layers was deposited by magnetron on the microstructured surface of the second substrate, 2 mm thick, in clear glass (face 3).
• the stack includes: Si 3 N 4 (37.1 nm) / Ag (7.0 nm) / NiCr (10.2 nm) / Si 3 N 4 (48.1 nm).
• This coating performs both the function of solar control and reflective layer.
• Both substrates are laminated in the traditional way, using a clear PVB type interlayer.
• Table 2 below lists the main optical characteristics of the structures according to the invention obtained.
• the solar factor TTS is less than 31%, or even less than 28% and for some examples close to 18%, which gives very good sun protection in the passenger compartment.
• the microtextured surface does not necessarily have to be produced on one of the two substrates. It could be provided by a transparent intermediate substrate, located between the second substrate (positioned inside the glazing) and the lamination insert. In this case, a second lamination insert or a glue, resin or other known adhesive may be necessary to mechanically connect the intermediate substrate and the second substrate.
• the intermediate substrate is generally thinner than the outer substrates, without limitation however.
• the transparent intermediate substrate may consist, in particular, of transparent polymer, transparent glass, transparent ceramic.
• transparent substrate When the transparent substrate is made of polymer, it can be rigid or flexible.
• the intermediate substrate consists of a flexible polymer.
• the texturing of one of the main surfaces of the transparent substrate can be obtained by any known texturing process, for example by embossing the surface of the substrate previously heated to a temperature at which it is possible to deform it, in particular by rolling means of a roller having on its surface a texturing complementary to the texturing to be formed on the substrate; by abrasion by means of abrasive particles or surfaces, in particular by sandblasting; by chemical treatment, in particular acid treatment in the case of a glass substrate; by molding, in particular injection molding in the case of a thermoplastic polymer substrate; by engraving.
• the glazing does not have to be transparent.
• the micro-textured structure it is not necessary for the micro-textured structure to be planarized by the lamination interlayer, resins or sol-gel coatings can be used.
• the planarization of the micro-textured surface can be ensured by a layer of hardenable material, deposited on the main textured surface of the reflective layer in being initially in a viscous state suitable for forming operations.
• a material can be a varnish, a photo-crosslinkable and/or photo-polymerizable material such as a resin (like those usually used as adhesives, glues or surface coatings) or a sol-gel material.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=73138998

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2020
  • 2020-08-28 FR FR2008777A patent/FR3113621B1/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-08-10 US US18/043,242 patent/US20240025155A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-08-10 EP EP21759113.0A patent/EP4204226A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-08-10 WO PCT/FR2021/051459 patent/WO2022043627A1/fr active Application Filing

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events